Electric circuits — Paper 3 · IGCSE Physics 0625

11 Fig. 11.1 shows a power supply in series with a resistance wire and a switch. power supply thin resistance wire Fig. 11.1 (a) When the switch is closed, energy is transferred from the power supply. Explain what happens to this energy. … … [2] (b) A student wants to determine the resistance of the wire. He adds components to the circuit shown in Fig. 11.1. (i) He measures the current in the circuit. State the name of the component that he uses. … [1] (ii) The student measures the potential difference (p.d.) across the resistance wire. On Fig. 11.1, draw the correct symbol for the component he uses and show how he connects it. [2] (iii) Fig. 11.2 shows the symbol for another component that the student adds to the circuit. Fig. 11.2 State the name and function of this component. name … function … … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 11(a) thermal B1 lost to surroundings/air owtte B1 11(b)(i) ammeter B1 11(b)(ii) correct symbol for voltmeter B1 connected in parallel with the resistance wire B1 11(b)(iii) variable resistor B1 varies/changes current/resistance/voltage (in resistance wire) B1 Total: 7

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2017

10 A student wants to investigate how the resistance of a light-dependent resistor (LDR) varies with the brightness of the light in the room. (a) To investigate this, the student connects the circuit shown in Fig. 10.1. V V Fig. 10.1 The student has made three errors. Identify the three errors in the student’s circuit. 1. … … 2. … … 3. … … [3] (b) The student corrects the errors. His results are shown in Fig. 10.2. 18 000 16 000 14 000 12 000 10 000 resistance of LDR / Ω 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 % of full brightness Fig. 10.2 (i) Use the information in Fig. 10.2 to describe how the brightness of the light in the room affects the resistance of the LDR. … … [1] (ii) The potential difference across the LDR is 8.0 V. Calculate the current in the LDR when the light is 60% of full brightness. current = … A [4] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a) in any order: cells/battery (connected) incorrectly voltmeter used instead of ammeter thermistor symbol used instead of LDR symbol B3 10(b)(i) resistance decreases as brightness increases B1 10(b)(ii) (resistance at 60% full brightness) = 2000 (ohms) B1 resistance = voltage ÷ current in any form e.g. I = V R C1 8.0 ÷ 2000 C1 4 × 10–3 (A) A1 Total: 8

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2017

8 A theatre has three coloured lamps. Fig. 8.1 shows the circuit for the coloured lamps. It is not complete. power supply Y X red green blue Fig. 8.1 (a) The circuit needs additional components so that • each lamp can be switched on and off separately, • the brightness of each lamp can be changed. Complete the circuit diagram in Fig. 8.1. [3] (b) Suggest the purpose of switch X. … [1] (c) State the name of component Y and describe how it works. name … description … … … … … [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) circuit completed with 3 lamps in parallel B1 switch in each branch B1 variable resistor in each branch B1 8(b) switch all lights on/off B1 8(c) name: Fuse B1 if the current (in the fuse/circuit is) too large B1 (the wire in the fuse) melts B1 Total: 7

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2017

9 A student investigates how the resistance of a thermistor changes with temperature. Fig. 9.1 shows part of the circuit the student uses. power source A Fig. 9.1 (a) (i) On Fig. 9.1, label the thermistor. [1] (ii) The student measures the potential difference (p.d.) across the thermistor. On Fig. 9.1, draw a voltmeter symbol, correctly connected, to measure this potential difference. [2] (b) The student varies the temperature of the thermistor and measures the current in it. Some of the results are shown in the table. temperature of 20 40 60 80 thermistor / °C current in thermistor / A 0.005 0.010 0.040 (i) The potential difference across the thermistor is 6.0 V. Calculate the resistance of the thermistor when its temperature is 40 °C. resistance = … Ω [3] (ii) Describe and explain what happens to the current in the thermistor as the temperature of the thermistor rises. … … … [2] (iii) Suggest a value for the current in the thermistor at 80 °C. … A [1] (c) At a different temperature, the resistance of the thermistor is 300 Ω and the resistance of the variable resistor is 400 Ω. Calculate the value of their combined resistance. combined resistance = … Ω [1] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a)(i) Thermistor correctly identified B1 9(a)(ii) correct symbol for voltmeter B1 Voltmeter in parallel with thermistor B1 9(b)(i) V= IR C1 (R) = 6.0 ÷ 0.010 C1 600 (ohms or Ω) A1 9(b)(ii) Resistance is decreasing B1 So current will increase B1 9(b)(iii) Current greater than 0.04 (A) B1 9(c) 700 (ohms or Ω) B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2017

10 Fig. 10.1 shows a series circuit. fixed resistor 5.6 Ω A light-dependent resistor (LDR) Fig. 10.1 (a) In dim light, the resistance of the LDR is 20.0 Ω. (i) The resistance of the battery and ammeter can be ignored. Calculate the resistance of the circuit. resistance = … Ω [1] (ii) The current in the circuit is 0.23 A. Calculate the potential difference across the fixed resistor. potential difference (voltage) = … V [3] (b) A bright light shines on to the LDR. State and explain what happens to the current in the circuit. … … [2] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) B1 10(a)(ii) V = IR in any form C1 0.23 × 5.6 C1 1.29 OR 1.3 A1 10(b) resistance decreases B1 current increases B1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2017

11 A student wants to find the resistance of a wire. He connects the circuit shown in Fig. 11.1. V wire A Fig. 11.1 (a) A teacher checks the circuit and identifies three errors. Using the components given in Fig. 11.1, carefully draw the correct circuit diagram in the space below. [3] (b) The student uses the correct circuit. The student finds that the current is 0.3 A when the potential difference across the wire is 2.7 V. Calculate the resistance of the wire. resistance = … Ω [3] (c) The student tests two other pieces of wire made of the same metal. He compares each resistance value with that of the first wire. State how the resistance compares with the first wire (i) for a wire that is longer, but of the same thickness, … [1] (ii) for a wire that is thicker, but of the same length. … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 11(a) ammeter in series B3 voltmeter across wire two cells correctly linked positive to negative 11(b) V = IR in any recognised form C1 R = 2.7 ÷ 0.3 C1 9 (Ω) A1 11(c) 1 higher / more B1 2. lower / less B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2017

10 Fig. 10.1 shows a circuit for determining the resistance of a component. A V Fig. 10.1 (a) On Fig. 10.1, label the fixed resistor, by writing the letter R. [1] (b) Two components in Fig. 10.1 measure electrical quantities. Identify the quantity that each component measures. Write each quantity and the unit of each quantity in the correct place in Table 10.1. component quantity unit A V Table 10.1 [4] (c) A student uses the circuit in Fig. 10.1 to determine the resistance of wires made from the same material. State how the resistance of a wire is related to its length and its diameter. length … … diameter … … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a) resistor identified 1 10(b) quantity unit current NOT amps ignore ammeter A/amps/amperes 2 quantity unit potential difference or p.d. or emf V/volts ignore voltmeter 2 10(c) increasing (length) increases resistance owtte 1 increasing (diameter) decreases resistance owtte 1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2018

11 Fig. 11.1 shows a vertical conductor passing through a horizontal piece of card. conductor card Fig. 11.1 (a) (i) On Fig. 11.1, draw a cell and a switch in series with the conductor to form a complete circuit. Use the correct circuit symbols. [2] (ii) A student sprinkles iron filings onto the card and closes the switch. There is a current in the conductor. Describe the pattern of the magnetic field seen. … … [2] (iii) The student reverses the direction of the current in the conductor. State the effect, if any, on the pattern he sees. … [1] (b) Describe an experiment to show that a force acts on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. Show how to arrange the equipment. Include a diagram in your answer. … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 11(a)(i) cell and switch connected in series with any part of conductor (on Fig.11.1) 1 correct symbols used – (on Fig.11.1) 1 11(a)(ii) circular 1 around conductor/wire 1 11(a)(iii) no change/nothing 1 11(b) conductor/wire between the poles of a magnet 1 opposite poles facing each other 1 current in wire 1 wire moves/Flemings left hand rule indicated 1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2018

9 (a) Fig. 9.1 shows a simple circuit. A 0.50 A V 12.0 Ω 6.0 Ω Fig. 9.1 (i) The current in the wires of the circuit is a flow of particles. Indicate the name of these particles. Tick one box. electrons atoms protons [1] (ii) Calculate the combined resistance of the two resistors. resistance = … Ω [1] (iii) Calculate the potential difference (p.d.) reading that would be shown on the voltmeter. potential difference (p.d.) = … V [3] (b) The circuit is changed. The two resistors are connected in parallel. Explain what happens, if anything, to the current reading on the ammeter. … … … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a)(i) top box (electrons) ticked 1 9(a)(ii) 12 + 6 seen or 18 (Ω) 1 9(a)(iii) (V =) I × R 1 (V =) 0.50 × 18(.0) 1 (V =) 9.0 (V) ecf from (a)(ii) 1 9(b) (reading/current) increases 1 (because effective circuit) resistance decreases/resistors in parallel have less resistance 1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2018

10 (a) Fig. 10.1 shows an electrical circuit. 12 V power supply A X R V Fig. 10.1 (i) State the name for the component labelled X and state its function in this circuit. name for component … function … … [2] (ii) Describe how the circuit shown in Fig. 10.1 could be used to find the resistance of the fixed resistor R. … … … … … [3] (b) An electrical heater has a resistance of 21.8 Ω when connected to a 240 V mains supply. (i) Calculate the current in the heater. current = … A [3] (ii) Suggest a rating for the fuse to be fitted to the mains plug for the heater. fuse rating = … A [1] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) variable resistor 1 change the current 1 10(a)(ii) Any three from: use low value of current measure (and record) current measure (and record) voltage repeat other values (of I and V) plot graph of pd against current (and find gradient) OR use V = I × R 3 10(b)(i) V = I × R in any form OR (I =) V ÷ R 1 240 ÷ 21.8 1 11.0 (A) 1 10(b)(ii) Answer in range 12 to 15 (A) 1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2018

10 (a) A student does an experiment to determine the resistance of a fixed resistor, R. The student draws an incomplete diagram of the circuit, as shown in Fig. 10.1. open switch variable resistor R Fig. 10.1 (i) On Fig. 10.1, draw the missing circuit symbols. [3] (ii) Describe how the student could use the circuit to determine a reliable value for the resistance of R. … … … … … … … … [4] (b) Fig. 10.2 shows a 20 Ω resistor connected to a power supply. 0.4 A 20 Ω Fig. 10.2 A second 20 Ω resistor is connected in series with the first. State and explain how this affects the current in the circuit. … … … … [4] [Total: 11]

11 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) correct symbols for: ammeter B1 voltmeter B1 ammeter in series OR voltmeter in parallel B1 10(a)(ii) Any five from: close switch adjust / change variable resistor to give current in resistor / reading on ammeter measure / record (pair of) readings on ammeter and voltmeter description of any check for reliability idea of adjusting variable resistor to give range of readings plot a graph suitable spacing of readings e.g. every 0.05A or 0.1 A use of V= IR or R = V / I repeat AND calculate average (value for R) B4 10(b) (circuit) resistance increases B1 BUT (circuit) resistance doubles / becomes 40 Ω (award two marks as assumes previous (1st) marking point) B1 (current) decreases B1 BUT(current) halves / becomes 0.2 A (award two marks as assumes previous (3rd) marking point) B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2018

10 Fig. 10.1 shows a circuit used by a student to test a metal wire made of nichrome. ammeter X A 0.8 A ammeter Y A component Z V nichrome wire Fig. 10.1 (a) State the name of component Z. … [1] (b) The current reading on ammeter X is 0.8 A. State the reading on ammeter Y. … [1] (c) The current in the nichrome wire is 0.8 A. The potential difference (p.d.) across the nichrome wire is 4.5 V. Calculate the resistance of the nichrome wire. resistance = … Ω [3] (d) The student tests a different nichrome wire, which is thicker than the wire in (c), but of the same length. When testing this wire, the current in the wire is different from the value given in (c). State and explain the difference in current. … … … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a) variable resistor or rheostat B1 10(b) 0.8 (A) B1 10(c) V = IR OR (R =) V ÷ I C1 4.5 ÷ 0.8 C1 5.6(25) A1 10(d) (current) increases OR larger B1 (as new/thicker wire has) less resistance B1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2018

9 Fig. 9.1 shows a circuit with two lamps and three ammeters connected in series to a power supply. A1 A3 A2 Fig. 9.1 (a) The current shown on ammeter A1 is 0.6 A. Complete the table with the values for the current that would be shown on the other two ammeters. ammeter current / A A2 A3 [1] (b) The resistance of each lamp is 20 Ω. Determine the combined resistance of the lamps. resistance = … Ω [1] (c) The circuit is changed. The two lamps are connected in parallel. (i) Compare the current from the power supply with the current in each lamp. … … [1] (ii) Compare the resistance of one lamp in this circuit with the combined resistance of the two lamps connected in parallel. … … [1] (d) A different series circuit contains a 140 Ω fixed resistor. An ammeter in the circuit shows a current of 0.30 A. Calculate the potential difference (p.d.) across the resistor. State the unit. potential difference = … [4] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) A2 = 0.6 A AND A3 = 0.6 A B1 9(b) 40 (Ω) B1 9(c)(i) current from source is higher than in each lamp or reverse argument B1 9(c)(ii) (combined) resistance of lamps in parallel is less / lower (than one lamp) B1 9(d) V = IR in any recognisable form C1 V = 0.30 × 140 C1 42 A1 V or volts B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2018

10 (a) State the name of the component represented by the symbol . Describe its purpose. name … purpose … [2] (b) Fig. 10.1 shows an electrical cooker hood used in some kitchens. fan driven by motor light Fig. 10.1 The cooker hood removes steam from the kitchen. It has a fan driven by a motor. It also has a lamp. Fig. 10.2 shows a simplified circuit diagram for the cooker hood. Y M T Z S Fig. 10.2 (i) State the type of electrical supply used by the cooker hood. … [1] (ii) Switch S is closed. Switch T is moved to position Y. State the name of any components that are switched on. … [1] (iii) Switch T is moved from position Y to position Z. Suggest how this change affects the motor. … [1] (c) Electrical appliances with metal cases can become dangerous if there is a fault. Suggest a hazard and describe a safety feature to reduce the danger. hazard … … safety feature … … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) (name:) (fixed) resistor B1 (purpose:) (to) reduce current B1 10(b)(i) a.c. / alternating (current) B1 10(b)(ii) motor / fan AND lamp B1 10(b)(iii) (the motor / fan / it) slows (down) owtte B1 10(c) (hazard:) live wire touching case OR user gets electric shock / burns OR (electrical) fire OR overheating / wire gets hot B1 (safety feature:) case is earthed B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2018

9 Fig. 9.1 and Fig. 9.2 each show an electrical circuit. Each circuit has two lamps connected to an electrical supply. X Y … circuit … circuit Fig. 9.1 Fig. 9.2 (a) State the term used to describe each electrical circuit. Write the term under each circuit. [2] (b) State two disadvantages of the circuit in Fig. 9.2. 1. … 2. … [2] (c) Redraw the circuit in Fig. 9.1 with switches that will turn lamps X and Y on and off independently of each other. [2] (d) Fig. 9.3 shows another circuit. K W S1 S2 J Z Fig. 9.3 The lamps can be turned on and off using two different switches S1 and S2. Complete the table stating when the lamps are on or off. The first one has been done for you. switch positions lamps on or off S1 S2 K Z off K W J W J Z [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) (Fig. 9.1 is a) parallel (circuit) B1 (Fig. 9.2 is a) series (circuit) B1 9(b) Any two from: lamps less bright if one lamp breaks the other does not light lamps cannot be switched independently B2 9(c) two correct switch symbols B1 switch on each branch B1 Question Answer Marks 9(d) (K W) on B1 (J W) off B1 (J Z) on B1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2019

9 A student makes a circuit to switch on a 6.0 V lamp from two different switches X and Y. Fig. 9.1 shows the circuit. + 6.0 V – P R switch X switch Y Q S Fig. 9.1 (a) Switch X is in position P. State the position of switch Y for the lamp to be lit. … [1] (b) The current in the lamp is 0.50 A when the potential difference (p.d.) across the lamp is 6.0 V. Calculate the resistance of the lamp. Include the unit. resistance = … [4] (c) The student connects another 6.0 V lamp in parallel with the first lamp, as shown in Fig. 9.2. + 6.0 V – switch X switch Y Fig. 9.2 Give two advantages of connecting the lamps in parallel. … … … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) (position) R B1 9(b) V = IR in any form C1 (R =) 6.0 ÷ 0.5 OR 6.0 = 0.5 × R C1 (R=) 12 A1 Ω or ohms B1 9(c) both lamps have correct p.d. OR voltage (across them) B1 if one lamp fails the other is still lit B1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2019

10 (a) A teacher demonstrates the action of a device. Fig. 10.1 shows the symbol for the device. Fig. 10.1 State the name of this device. … [1] (b) Fig. 10.2 shows another device being used in a circuit. The circuit contains a 6.0 V lamp. C + 12 V B – A sliding contact Fig. 10.2 (i) The sliding contact of this device is at position A, as shown in Fig. 10.2. Describe and explain the brightness of the lamp when the sliding contact is in this position. brightness of lamp … explanation … [2] (ii) The teacher moves the sliding contact from position A to position B. Describe and explain what happens to the brightness of the lamp. … … [2] (iii) The teacher moves the sliding contact from position B to position C. Suggest what happens to the lamp. … [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a) thermistor B1 10(b)(i) low (brightness) OR off M1 pd or voltage (across lamp) is zero or almost zero A1 10(b)(ii) (brightness / it) increases B1 p.d. / voltage (across lamp) increases B1 10(b)(iii) lamp blows / fuses (when p.d. too high) B1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2019

10 Fig. 10.1 shows an incomplete circuit diagram for two identical lamps arranged in parallel. The circuit contains an ammeter and a voltmeter. Fig. 10.1 (a) On Fig. 10.1, complete the symbols for two lamps, an ammeter and a voltmeter positioned correctly. [5] (b) One of the lamps breaks. State the effect, if any, this has on the brightness of the other lamp. Explain your answer. effect … explanation … … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a) ammeter symbol B1 ammeter in series (with power supply) B1 voltmeter symbol B1 voltmeter in parallel (with lamps/power supply) B1 two lamps in parallel B1 10(b) (brightness) stays the same B1 current (in working lamp) stays the same B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2019

9 (a) A student tests some materials to find which ones are electrical conductors. He uses the circuit in Fig. 9.1. A component B X Y Fig. 9.1 (i) State the name of component B. … [1] (ii) Describe how the student can use the circuit in Fig. 9.1 to test whether a material is an electrical conductor. … … … … [2] (iii) State which materials are electrical conductors. Put a tick in the box next to each material that is an electrical conductor. plastic copper rubber gold [1] (b) The student connects a resistor R, between X and Y. The student determines the resistance of the resistor. (i) Name the instrument he uses to measure the potential difference (p.d.) across resistor R. … [1] (ii) The current in resistor R is 0.2 A when the p.d. across the resistor is 6.0 V. Calculate the resistance of resistor R. resistance = … Ω [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a)(i) variable resistor B1 9(a)(ii) connect material in gap/between X and Y B1 if reading on ammeter material is a(n electrical) conductor B1 9(a)(iii) BOTH copper AND gold ticked i.e. 2nd and 4th boxes B1 9(b)(i) voltmeter B1 9(b)(ii) V = IR OR (R = ) V/I C1 = 6.0 ÷ 0. C1 = 30 (Ω) A1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2019

10 A teacher is investigating the resistance of a lamp. Fig. 10.1 shows part of the circuit she uses. The circuit is incomplete. switch component X Fig. 10.1 (a) (i) To determine the resistance of the lamp, the teacher adds two meters to her circuit. On Fig. 10.1, draw circuit symbols to show each meter correctly connected in the circuit. [3] (ii) When the current in the lamp is 0.25 A, the potential difference (p.d.) across the lamp is 4.5 V. Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance = … Ω [3] (b) (i) State the name of component X. … [1] (ii) Describe and explain how the teacher uses component X to investigate the resistance of the lamp. … … … … [2] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) correct symbol for ammeter B1 correct symbol for voltmeter B1 ammeter in series and voltmeter in parallel with lamp B1 10(a)(ii) (R =) V ÷ I OR V = I × R in any form C1 (R = ) 4.5 ÷ 0.25 C1 18 ( Ω) A1 10(b)(i) variable resistor B1 10(b)(ii) (sliding contact moved to) change resistance (in circuit) B1 (and so) change current (in lamp) or p.d. (across lamp) B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2019

10 A circuit is made from two lamps, a cell and a switch, as shown in Fig. 10.1. Fig. 10.1 (a) (i) Draw the circuit symbol for a cell. [1] (ii) State the term used for the arrangement of lamps in the circuit in Fig. 10.1. … [1] (iii) The switch is closed and the lamps light. State the name of the charged particles that are flowing through the wires … [1] (b) Fig. 10.2 represents a different type of circuit. Fig. 10.2 (i) Compare Fig. 10.1 and Fig. 10.2. State two advantages of the type of circuit shown in Fig. 10.2 with the type of circuit shown in Fig. 10.1. 1. … 2. … [2] (ii) The potential difference across the power source in Fig. 10.2 is 3.0 V. The combined resistance of the two lamps is 12 Ω. Calculate the size of the current in the circuit. current = … A [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) cell symbol correctly drawn B1 10(a)(ii) series B1 10(a)(iii) electrons B1 10(b)(i) any two from: (both) lamps have correct / full potential difference if one lamp fails the other lamp still lights lamps can be switched (on/off)independently B2 10(b)(ii) V = IR or (I =) V ÷ R C1 3 ÷ 12 C1 0.25 (A) A1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2019

10 Fig. 10.1 shows the symbol for an electrical component. Fig. 10.1 (a) State the name of the component shown in Fig. 10.1. … [1] (b) The resistance of the component shown in Fig. 10.1 varies with temperature. Fig. 10.2 shows a graph of resistance against temperature for the component. 5000 resistance / Ω 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 –10 10 30 50 70 90 110 Temperature / °C Fig. 10.2 (i) Use Fig. 10.2 to determine the resistance of the component at a temperature of 10 °C. … Ω [1] (ii) At another temperature, the resistance of the component is 800 Ω. Calculate the current in the component when it is connected to a 12.0 V supply. current = … A [3] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a) thermistor B1 10(b)(i) 2000 (Ω) B1 10(b)(ii) (I =) V ÷ R OR V = I × R in any form 12 ÷ 800 0.015 (A) C1 C1 A1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2019

10 Fig. 10.1 shows an arrangement for making an electromagnet. 12 V A X core of electromagnet coil of thick copper wire Fig. 10.1 (a) (i) State a material which is suitable for the core of the electromagnet. … [1] (ii) State the name for component X in Fig. 10.1. … [1] (iii) Describe and explain how component X varies the strength of the electromagnet. … … … [2] (b) The switch is closed. The reading on the ammeter is 1.5 A. Calculate the resistance of the circuit. resistance = … Ω [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) (soft) iron (bar) B1 10(a)(ii) variable resistor B1 10(a)(iii) any two from: increasing the resistance (will) decrease the current (decreasing the current will) decrease the strength (of the electromagnet) B2 10(b) (R =) V ÷ I in any form C1 (R =) 12 ÷ 1.5 C1 (R =) 8.0 (Ω) A1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2020

11 Fig. 11.1 shows lamps in series. Fig. 11.2 shows lamps in parallel. The lamps are all identical 6.0 V lamps. In each circuit there are three ammeters A1, A2 and A3. 6.0 V 6.0 V A1 A1 A3 A2 A2 A3 Fig. 11.1 Fig. 11.2 (a) (i) Compare the readings on ammeters A1, A2 and A3 in Fig. 11.1. … [1] (ii) Compare the readings on ammeters A1, A2 and A3 in Fig. 11.2. … [1] (iii) State two advantages of connecting the 6.0 V lamps in parallel with the 6.0 V battery, compared with connecting the lamps in series with the battery. 1. … … 2. … … [2] (b) Each lamp has a resistance of 12 Ω. (i) Determine the combined resistance of the two lamps connected in series. resistance = … Ω [1] (ii) Compare the resistance of one lamp with the combined resistance of the two lamps in parallel. … … [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 11(a)(i) the ammeters all have the same reading B1 11(a)(ii) the reading on A1 is the biggest B1 11(a)(iii) lamps have normal brightness (in parallel) or brighter (than lamps in series) B1 If one lamp fails the other lamp is still lit B1 11(b)(i) 24 (Ω) B1 11(b)(ii) (resistance of one lamp / 12 (Ω)) is more (than the combined resistance (of lamps in parallel)) B1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2020

10 (a) A student investigates the electrical resistance of some components. Fig. 10.1 shows an incomplete diagram of the circuit used by the student. Y Fig. 10.1 (i) State the term used for component Y. … [1] (ii) The student uses the circuit to measure the resistance of component Y. Complete the diagram in Fig. 10.1 by adding electrical symbols to show an ammeter and a voltmeter correctly connected to determine the resistance of component Y. [3] (b) Fig. 10.2 shows two resistors A and B. A B 5.0 Ω 7.0 Ω Fig. 10.2 (i) Resistor A and resistor B are connected in series. State the value of their combined resistance. … Ω [1] (ii) Resistor A and resistor B are connected in parallel. Compare the combined resistance when in parallel with the resistance of resistor A alone. … [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) thermistor B1 10(a)(ii) correct symbol for ammeter drawn B1 correct symbol for voltmeter drawn B1 both meters correctly positioned in circuit B1 10(b)(i) 12 (Ω) B1 10(b)(ii) smaller (than A) B1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2020

11 A teacher uses a power supply in a metal case. The circuit for the power supply includes a fuse. (a) (i) Draw the electrical symbol for a fuse. [1] (ii) The metal case of the power supply is earthed. A fault occurs and a live wire touches the metal case. Explain how earthing the metal case protects the teacher. … … … … [3] (b) The power supply circuit includes a transformer. Its input voltage is 240 V. There are 960 turns on the input coil and 64 turns on the output coil. Calculate the output voltage of the transformer. output voltage = … V [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 11(a)(i) correct symbol for fuse drawn B1 11(a)(ii) a large current flows to earth / in the live wire OR fuse is connected into live wire OR fuse contains thin / low melting point wire B1 Question Answer Marks any two from: current heats (fuse) wire fuse melts / blows (power supply circuit / metal case) is disconnected from mains (supply) B2 11(b) Vs/ Vp = Ns/ Np in any form C1 (Vs =) (64 × 240) ÷ 960 C1 16 (V) A1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2020

10 A student connects three identical lamps J, K and L in a circuit, as shown in Fig. 10.1. Switch S1 is open and the current in ammeter A1 = 0.2 A. A1 K A2 J A3 L S1 Fig. 10.1 Use words from the box to complete the sentences. Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. the same increased decreased (a) The switch S1 in Fig. 10.1 is closed. State and explain the effect on the circuit. (i) The current in ammeter A1 is … because the resistance of the whole circuit is … . [2] (ii) The current in ammeter A2 is … . [1] (b) A student measures the potential difference (p.d.) across lamp J by using a voltmeter. On Fig. 10.1, draw the correct electrical symbol for the voltmeter with the correct connections. [2] (c) The p.d. across lamp J is 3.0 V and the current shown by ammeter A3 is 0.15 A. Calculate the resistance of lamp J. Include the unit in your answer. resistance of lamp J = … unit … [4] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) increased B1 decreased B1 10(a)(ii) the same B1 10(b) correct voltmeter symbol B1 in parallel with battery B1 10(c) R = V ÷ I in any form C1 3(.0) ÷ 0.15 C1 20 A1 Ω / ohms B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2020

10 A student determines the resistance of a piece of metal wire XY. Fig. 10.1 shows the wire connected in the circuit. variable A resistor X Y wire Fig. 10.1 (a) (i) The student measures the potential difference (p.d.) across the wire XY. On Fig. 10.1, show the voltmeter correctly connected. Use the correct symbol. [1] (ii) There is a current in the wire. State the name of the particles that flow through the wire. … [1] (iii) The student removes wire XY and replaces it with another wire CD. Wire CD is the same length and is made of the same material as wire XY, but thinner. State any difference between the current in wire CD and the current in wire XY. Explain your answer. … … … [2] (iv) State the unit used for the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the battery. … [1] (b) (i) The resistance of wire CD is 8.7 Ω and the resistance of the variable resistor is 7.4 Ω. Determine the combined resistance of the wire CD and the variable resistor. resistance = … Ω [1] (ii) The current in the variable resistor is 0.40 A. State the current in wire CD. current = … A [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) correct symbol for voltmeter correctly connected B1 10(a)(ii) electrons B1 10(a)(iii) (current in CD) decreases B1 (because thinner wire / CD has) increased / bigger resistance B1 10(a)(iv) volt(s) B1 10(b)(i) 16.1 (Ω) B1 10(b)(ii) 0.40 (A) B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2020

8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows the electrical symbols for some circuit components. Identify the circuit component for each electrical symbol. Draw a line from each electrical symbol to the name of the circuit component. electrical symbol circuit component fuse lamp buzzer thermistor Fig. 8.1 [3] (b) A student connects the circuit shown in Fig. 8.2. The value of the fixed resistor is 20 Ω. A 20 Ω Fig. 8.2 The switch is closed. The reading on the ammeter is 0.30 A. (i) Calculate the potential difference (p.d.) across the fixed resistor. potential difference = … V [3] (ii) State the name of the device for measuring potential difference. … [1] (iii) Show how the student connects the device stated in (b)(ii) to measure the p.d. across the fixed resistor. Draw the correct symbol and connections on Fig. 8.2. [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) 1st box - thermistor B1 2nd box – fuse B1 3rd box -lamp B1 8(b)(i) V = I × R C1 (p.d. =) 0.30 × 20 C1 (p.d. =) 6.0 (V) A1 8(b)(ii) voltmeter B1 8(b)(iii) (voltmeter) in parallel with resistor or supply correct symbol for voltmeter B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2020

9 Fig. 9.1 shows an electric circuit. buzzer A V thermistor Fig. 9.1 (a) When the circuit is in a cool room, the voltmeter reading is 5.6 V and the ammeter reading is 0.040 A. Calculate the resistance of the thermistor. resistance of thermistor = … Ω [3] (b) The temperature of the thermistor increases and the buzzer turns on. State and explain how the increase in temperature affects the current in the thermistor. … … [2] (c) Suggest a possible use for the circuit shown in Fig. 9.1. … [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) C1 5.6 ÷ 0.04 C1 140 (Ω) A1 9(b) (current in thermistor) increases B1 (because) resistance of thermistor decreases B1 9(c) fire / high temperature alarm / warning B1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2021

10 (a) Fig. 10.1 shows a lamp and a resistor connected in a circuit. 4.0 V X A A Y 3.0Ω 5.0Ω Fig. 10.1 (i) Determine the combined resistance of the 3.0 Ω resistor and the 5.0 Ω lamp. combined resistance = … Ω [1] (ii) The reading on ammeter X is 0.50 A. State the reading on ammeter Y. reading on ammeter Y = … A [1] (b) In another circuit, the 3.0 Ω resistor and the 5.0 Ω lamp are connected in parallel, as shown in Fig. 10.2. 4.0 V X A A Y 3.0Ω 5.0Ω Fig. 10.2 The lamp and resistor have changed from a series to a parallel combination. State and explain the effect of this change on the current in ammeter X. … … … … [3] (c) The current in a different lamp is 0.40 A when the potential difference (p.d.) across the lamp is 6.0 V. Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance of lamp = … Ω [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) (3.0 + 5.0 =) 8.0 (Ω) B1 10(a)(ii) 0.5(0) (A) B1 10(b) (current/reading) increases B1 (because circuit) resistance decreases B1 (circuit)resistance becomes less than 3(.0) Ω OR less than smallest resistor (value) OR current/reading more than doubles B1 10(c) V= IR or (R =) V/I C1 6.0 ÷ 0.4 C1 15 (Ω) A1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2021

9 (a) Fig. 9.1 shows an electric circuit. component X A V light-dependent resistor (LDR) Fig. 9.1 (i) The current in the metal wires of the circuit is a flow of particles. State the name of these particles. … [1] (ii) State the name of component X. … [1] (iii) The circuit is in a darkened room. The voltmeter reading is 5.5 V and the ammeter reading is 0.050 A. Calculate the resistance of the light-dependent resistor (LDR). resistance = … Ω [3] (b) The light in the room is switched on. The room becomes bright. State and explain how increasing the brightness of the light that falls on the LDR changes the current in the circuit. … … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a)(i) 9(a)(ii) (component X is a) variable resistor B1 9(a)(iii) V= IR or (R =) V/I C1 5.5 ÷ 0.05 (0) C1 110 (Ω) A1 9(b) (current in circuit) increases B1 (because) resistance of LDR decreases B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2021

10 (a) Fig. 10.1 shows the circuit symbols for three electrical components. Draw a line from each circuit symbol to the correct electrical component. fuse heater variable resistor galvanometer thermistor Fig. 10.1 [3] (b) Fig. 10.2 shows a circuit consisting of a battery, a fixed resistor and an ammeter. A Fig. 10.2 (i) A voltmeter is connected in the circuit to measure the potential difference (p.d.) across the fixed resistor. By drawing on Fig. 10.2, show how the voltmeter is connected. Use the correct circuit symbol for the voltmeter. [2] (ii) The potential difference (p.d.) across the fixed resistor is 11.5 V. The reading on the ammeter is 0.25 A. Calculate the resistance of the fixed resistor. Include the unit in your answer. resistance = … unit … [4] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a) top to heater B1 middle to thermistor B1 bottom to galvanometer B1 10(b)(i) voltmeter symbol B1 in parallel with resistor / supply B1 Question Answer Marks 10(b)(ii) V = I × R in any form C1 11.5 ÷ 0.25 C1 46 A1 ohms / Ω B1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2021

10 (a) A student plans to demonstrate the induction of an electromotive force (e.m.f.) in a wire. He has a length of wire, a sensitive centre‑reading galvanometer and a permanent magnet. (i) Describe how the student uses the equipment. … … [2] (ii) State two ways in which the student can increase the size of the induced e.m.f. 1 … 2 … [2] (b) Fig. 10.1 shows a d.c. motor. rotation of coil magnet coil current + – battery Fig. 10.1 (i) On Fig. 10.1, draw an arrow between the poles of the magnet to show the direction of the magnetic field. [1] (ii) State two ways of making the coil spin faster. 1 … 2 … [2] (iii) State one way of making the coil spin in the opposite direction. … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) connect (both ends of) wire to galvanometer B1 move wire relative to magnet owtte B1 10(a)(ii) any two from: increase strength of magnet(ic field) OR strong(er) magnet turn wire into a coil owtte increase the speed (of relative motion) B2 10(b)(i) arrow drawn from N to S on Fig. 10.1 B1 10(b)(ii) any two from: increase (battery) voltage OR larger current in coil increase strength of magnet(ic) field OR strong(er) magnet increase number of turns in coil B2 10(b)(iii) reverse polarity of battery owtte OR reverse magnet(ic field) owtte B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2021

10 (a) Fig. 10.1 shows two resistors connected in series with a cell and three ammeters. reading = A1 A A reading = A3 reading = A2 A Fig. 10.1 (i) State the physical quantity that an ammeter measures. … [1] (ii) Indicate the correct statement about the readings A1, A2 and A3 on the ammeters in Fig. 10.1. Tick one box. A2 is greater than A1 A2 is less than A3 A1 is equal to A3 A1 is equal to (A2 + A3) [1] (b) (i) Draw a circuit diagram for a battery connected to two resistors in parallel. [2] (ii) State one advantage of connecting lamps in parallel. … [1] (c) Fig. 10.2 shows another circuit. component X Fig. 10.2 The circuit consists of a power supply, a lamp and component X. (i) Name component X in Fig. 10.2. … [1] (ii) Suggest one use of the circuit. … [1] (iii) Describe how to use component X and explain its effect on the circuit. … … … [2] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) (electric) current B1 10(a)(ii) tick in third box A1 is equal to A3 B1 10(b)(i) resistors in parallel B1 connected to battery AND correct circuit symbol for battery B1 10(b)(ii) same brightness / if one fails the rest are still lit / lamps can be switched off independently / same p.d. across owtte B1 10(c)(i) potential divider / potentiometer B1 10(c)(ii) dimmer / change light output / intensity B1 10(c)(iii) move the slider B1 varies p.d. (across lamp) B1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2021

9 (a) The circuit diagrams in Fig. 9.1 and Fig. 9.2 each show two resistors connected to a battery. Fig. 9.1 shows two resistors connected in series. Fig. 9.2 shows two resistors connected in parallel. All the resistors have the same resistance. Ignore the resistance of the ammeters. 12 V 12 V A3 A1 A2 A4 A5 Fig. 9.1 Fig. 9.2 Compare the currents in the ammeters by completing the sentences. (i) The current in A1 is … the current in A2. [1] (ii) The current in A3 is … the current in A4. [1] (iii) The current in A4 is … the current in A5. [1] (iv) The current in A1 is … the current in A3. [1] (b) The lights in a room are connected in parallel with a power supply. State one advantage of connecting the lights in parallel. … [1] (c) The circuit diagram in Fig. 9.3 shows a resistor Q connected to a battery. A Q Fig. 9.3 The current in resistor Q is 0.048 A. The potential difference (p.d.) across resistor Q is 12 V. Calculate the resistance of resistor Q. Include the unit in your answer. resistance = … unit … [4] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a)(i) the same as B1 9(a)(ii) larger than B1 9(a)(iii) the same as B1 9(a)(iv) smaller than B1 9(b) same brightness / if one fails the rest are still lit / lamps can be switched off independently / same p.d. across owtte B1 9(c) V = I × R in any form (R =) V ÷ I C1 12 ÷ 0.048 C1 250 A1 Ω / ohms B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2021

10 (a) A student connects the circuit shown in Fig. 10.1. A LDR Fig. 10.1 (i) The student wants to determine the resistance of the light-dependent resistor (LDR). Draw on Fig. 10.1 to show how the student connects a voltmeter into the circuit. Use the correct symbol for the voltmeter. [2] (ii) The current in the LDR is 0.020 A when the potential difference (voltage) across the LDR is 5.4 V. Calculate the resistance of the LDR. resistance of LDR = … Ω [3] (b) When the student shines a light onto the LDR, its resistance is 150 Ω. The resistance of the variable resistor in the circuit is 180 Ω. Determine the combined resistance of the LDR and the variable resistor. combined resistance = … Ω [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) correct symbol for voltmeter B1 meter connected in parallel with LDR B1 10(a)(ii) 270 (Ω) A3 5.4 ÷ 0.02(0) (C2) V= IR or (R =) V/I (C1) 10(b) (150 + 180 =) 330 (Ω) B1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2022

9 Fig. 9.1 shows an electric circuit which includes uninsulated resistance wire XY. A teacher shows some students how to complete the circuit by placing the contact C at various positions on the wire XY. 6.0 V d.c. A 8.0 Ω uninsulated resistance wire contact C X Y P Fig. 9.1 (a) The students place contact C at Y. They measure the current on the ammeter. Then they move the contact C along the wire from Y to X. State and explain the effect on the ammeter reading when they move the contact C from Y to X. … … [2] (b) Calculate the reading on the ammeter when contact C is at X. ammeter reading = … A [3] (c) The students move contact C to point P. The resistance of the wire between X and P is 20 Ω. Calculate the total resistance of the resistance wire between X and P and the fixed resistor. total resistance = … Ω [2] (d) The electric current in the circuit produces two effects. Place a tick (3) in the boxes next to these two effects. gravitational magnetic heating sound X-ray emissions [2] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) (current/reading/it) increases B1 (because circuit) resistance decreases B1 9(b) 0.75 (A) A3 6(.0) ÷ 8(.0) (C2) V= IR or (I =) V/R (C1) 9(c) 28 () A2 (total resistance =) R1 + R2 OR 20 + 8(.0) (C1) 9(d) tick in 2nd box (magnetic) B1 tick in 3rd box (heating) B1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2022

9 A student has a battery-operated torch. Fig. 9.1 shows the electrical components in the torch circuit. battery plastic case + brass switch connecting strip lamp Fig. 9.1 (a) Using standard symbols, draw a circuit diagram for the circuit in the torch. [4] (b) When the torch is switched on, the potential difference (p.d.) across the lamp is 1.4 V and the current in the lamp is 0.26 A. (i) State the current in the brass connecting strip. current = … A [1] (ii) Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance = … Ω [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) correct symbol for battery B1 correct symbol for switch B1 correct symbol for lamp B1 all 3 components connected in series B1 9(b)(i) 0.26 (A) B1 9(b)(ii) 5.4 () A3 1.4 ÷ 0.26 (C2) V= IR or (R =) V/I (C1)

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2022

8 (a) The device in Fig. 8.1 is connected to a 240 V mains supply. The device produces a potential difference (p.d.) of 12 V between A and B. A 12 V lamp is connected between A and B. secondary coil A 240 V 12 V mains lamp supply B primary coil 8000 turns Fig. 8.1 (i) Calculate the number of turns on the secondary coil. Use information from Fig. 8.1. number of turns = … [3] (ii) State the name of the device shown in Fig. 8.1. … [1] (iii) The device includes two coils. State the material used for the coils. … [1] (b) The 12 V lamp is disconnected. Two 6.0 V lamps and a 12 V motor are connected between A and B. The p.d. across each lamp is 6.0 V and the p.d. across the motor is 12 V. Draw on Fig. 8.2 to show how to connect the lamps and the motor between A and B. A B Fig. 8.2 [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a)(i) 400 A3 (Ns = ) NP  VS/VP OR 8000  12/240 (C2) VP/VS = NP/NS in any form (C1) 8(a)(ii) (step-down) transformer B1 8(a)(iii) copper B1 8(b) motor connected between A and B B1 2 lamps in series connected between A and B A2 2 lamps in series (C1)

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2022

9 The circuit in Fig. 9.1 shows two resistors, a battery, a voltmeter and a switch connected by metal wires. 12 V A B 10Ω 20Ω V Fig. 9.1 (a) State a quantity that a voltmeter measures. … [1] (b) The switch is closed. There is a current in the circuit. (i) State the name of the type of particle that flows in the metal wires. … [1] (ii) State the name of an instrument that measures electric current. … [1] (c) The reading on the voltmeter is 4.0 V. (i) Calculate the current in the 10 Ω resistor. current = … A [3] (ii) Determine the current in the 20 Ω resistor. current = … A [1] (iii) The 10 Ω resistor is replaced by a 15 Ω resistor and the 20 Ω resistor is also replaced by a 15 Ω resistor. State the effect, if any, on the current in the circuit. Explain your answer. … … [2] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) electromotive force/e. m. f./ potential difference/p. d./ voltage B1 Question Answer Marks 9(b)(i) electron(s) B1 9(b)(ii) ammeter B1 9(c)(i) 0.4(0) (A) A3 4(.0) ÷ 10 (C2) (I = ) V ÷ R in any form (C1) 9(c)(ii) 0.4(0) (A) OR same as (c)(i) B1 9(c)(iii) no change/same M1 resultant/total/combined resistance does not change A1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2022

8 Fig. 8.1 shows an electric circuit set up by a student. switch ammeter metal wire battery lamp 15 Ω resistor Fig. 8.1 (a) Using standard symbols, draw a circuit diagram for the student’s circuit. [4] (b) When the switch is closed there is a current in the circuit. State the name of the particles flowing in the metal wire. … [1] (c) The current in the 15 Ω resistor in Fig. 8.1 is 0.40 A when the switch is closed. Calculate the potential difference (p.d.) across the 15 Ω resistor. p.d. across resistor = … V [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) 5 correct symbols for 3 marks B3 3 or 4 correct symbols for 2 marks 1 or 2 correct symbols for 1 mark any from: • correct symbol for battery • correct symbol for ammeter • correct symbol for lamp • correct symbol for fixed resistor • correct symbol for switch. all components drawn connected in a series circuit B1 8(b) electrons B1 8(c) 6(.0) (V) A3 0.40  15 C2 (V =) I  R OR R = V / I C1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2022

8 A student uses the circuit in Fig. 8.1 to find the resistance of a piece of iron wire. variable battery resistor ammeter voltmeter A B iron wire rule Fig. 8.1 (a) Complete Fig. 8.2 to show the circuit diagram for the arrangement shown in Fig. 8.1. The piece of iron wire is shown as the thicker line between the points A and B. 4.5 V A B [3] Fig. 8.2 (b) The reading on the voltmeter is 1.56 V. The reading on the ammeter is 0.112 A. Calculate the resistance of the iron wire. Include the unit in your answer. resistance = … unit … [4] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) ammeter, battery and test wire in complete series circuit B1 voltmeter in parallel with AB B1 correct circuit symbols for ammeter AND voltmeter B1 8(b) 14 A3 1.56 ÷ 0.112 (C2) (R =) V ÷ I in any form OR V = I  R (C1)  / ohm(s) B1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2022

9 Fig. 9.1 shows a series circuit. Two of the components in the circuit are labelled. power supply lamp Fig. 9.1 (a) State the name of two other components in the circuit. 1 … 2 … [2] (b) The current in the lamp is 0.40 A. The potential difference (p.d.) across the lamp is 6.0 V. Calculate the power dissipated in the lamp. power = … W [3] (c) Draw on Fig. 9.1 to show a lamp connected in parallel with the lamp in the circuit. Use the correct symbol. [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) any two from:  switch  ammeter  variable resistor B2 9(b) (power =) 2.4 (W) A3 (power =) 0.4(0)  6(.0) (C2) (power =) I  V (C1) 9(c) lamp symbol drawn in parallel with lamp in circuit B1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2023

8 A student uses the circuit in Fig. 8.1 to measure the resistance of the heater in the circuit. variable resistor heater Fig. 8.1 (a) The symbols for the meters in Fig. 8.1 are incomplete. Complete the symbols for the two meters by writing in the circles in Fig. 8.1. [2] (b) The current in the heater is 1.4 A and the potential difference (p.d.) across the heater is 8.0 V. Calculate the resistance of the heater. resistance = … Ω [3] (c) The heater is switched on for 30 s. The current in the heater is 1.4 A and the p.d. across it is 8.0 V. Calculate the electrical energy transferred by the heater during the 30 s. energy transferred = … J [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) ammeter symbol correct B1 voltmeter symbol correct B1 8(b) (R =) 5.7 () A3 (R =) 8(.0) ÷ 1.4 (C2) V = IR in any form OR (R =) V ÷ I (C1) 8(c) (E =) 340 (J) A3 (E =) 8(.0)  1.4  30 (C2) (E =) V I t (C1)

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2023

8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows the electrical symbols for some circuit components. Draw a line from each electrical symbol to the name of the circuit component it represents. electrical symbol circuit component fuse lamp heater thermistor Fig. 8.1 [3] (b) Fig. 8.2 shows a circuit including a battery, a fixed resistor R and an ammeter. A R Fig. 8.2 The reading on the ammeter is 0.38 A. The potential difference across the fixed resistor R is 12 V. (i) Calculate the resistance of the fixed resistor R. resistance = … Ω [3] (ii) Calculate the electrical power transferred in the fixed resistor R. Include the unit. power transferred = … unit … [4] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) B1 B1 B1 8(b)(i) (R =) V ÷ I in any form C1 12 ÷ 0.38 C1 32 () A1 8(b)(ii) (P =) IV in any form C1 12  0.38 C1 4.6 A1 W OR watts B1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2023

6 Fig. 6.1 shows four wind turbines. air ground Fig. 6.1 (a) Describe how a wind turbine generates electrical power. … … … [3] (b) The electrical power output of a wind turbine is 624 kW. The output current is 520 A. Calculate the output voltage of the wind turbine. output voltage = … V [4] (c) For transmission, the output voltage is increased to 132 kV. State two advantages of transmitting electrical power at high voltage. 1 … 2 … [2] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a) KE of wind B1 rotates / turns / spins turbine OR blades B1 (turbine) turns / spins / rotates generator B1 6(b) (output voltage =) 1200 (V) OR 1.2 kV A4 (V =) 624 000 ÷ 520 (C3) conversion: 624 kW = 624 000 (W) (C1) power = I  V OR (V =) P ÷ I (C1) 6(c) any two from: B2 greater efficiency as lower current (is used) (so) reduces power / energy losses thinner cables can be used (so reducing costs) OR pylons further apart idea of increased distance of transmission (of electrical power)

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2023

9 A student investigates an electric circuit. Fig. 9.1 shows the student’s circuit. 6.0 V A heater Fig. 9.1 (a) (i) Describe the purpose of the variable resistor in Fig. 9.1. … … [1] (ii) The student uses cells with an electromotive force (e.m.f.) of 1.5 V. Determine the number of cells needed for the 6.0 V battery in Fig. 9.1. number of cells needed = … [1] (iii) The student connects another component to measure the potential difference (p.d.) across the heater. On Fig. 9.1, draw the electrical symbol and connections for this component. [2] (b) The p.d. across the heater is 4.0 V. The current in the heater is 1.6 A. Calculate the energy transferred electrically by the heater in 40 s. energy transferred = … J [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a)(i) (to) change / control current (in circuit / heater) B1 OR change / control p.d. voltage (across heater) 9(a)(ii) (6.0 ÷ 1.5 =) 4 (cells) B1 9(a)(iii) symbol for voltmeter seen or used B1 connected in parallel with heater B1 9(b) (E =) 260 (J) A3 (E =) 1.6  40  4.0 (C2) (E =) I  t  V OR P = I  V AND (E =) P  t (C1)

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2023

7 Two identical resistors, R1 and R2, are connected to a 24 V battery, as shown in Fig. 7.1. 24 V R1 R2 Fig. 7.1 The value of each resistor is 50 Ω. (a) Calculate the combined resistance of R1 and R2 when they are connected as shown in Fig. 7.1. combined resistance = … Ω [1] (b) Show that the current in the circuit is approximately 0.25 A. [3] (c) Determine the potential difference (p.d.) across R1. p.d. = … V [1] (d) Calculate the power transferred in R1. power = … W [3] (e) A student connects R1, R2 and the battery to make a different circuit. The resistors R1 and R2 are connected so their combined resistance is as small as possible. Draw a circuit diagram to show how R1 and R2 are connected to the battery. [1] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 7(a) 100 () B1 7(b) 0.24 (A) B1 24 / 100 (current =) voltage / resistance B1 Need to see zone (a) B1 7(c) 12 (V) B1 7(d) 3(.0) (W) OR 2.9 (W) A3 0.25  12 (C2) (power =) current  voltage OR (P =) V × I (C1) 7(e) (two) resistors in parallel B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2023

9 A student connects the electrical circuit shown in Fig. 9.1. switch ammeter metal wire battery lamp thermistor Fig. 9.1 (a) Fig. 9.2 shows part of the circuit diagram for the circuit in Fig. 9.1. Fig. 9.2 Complete the circuit diagram in Fig. 9.2 to represent the circuit in Fig. 9.1. Use standard electrical symbols. [4] (b) The potential difference across the lamp is 5.4 V and the current in the lamp is 0.20 A. (i) Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance = … Ω [3] (ii) The lamp is switched on for 30 s. Calculate the energy transferred in the lamp during this time. energy transferred = … J [3] (c) The student increases the temperature of the thermistor. State and explain what happens to the current in the circuit. … … [2] [Total: 12]

12 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) correct symbol for: ammeter B1 lamp B1 thermistor B1 symbols connected in series circuit B1 9(b)(i) 27 () A3 5.4 ÷ 0.2(0) (C2) (R=) V ÷ I OR V = I R or in any form (C1) 9(b)(ii) 32 (J) A3 (E =) 5.4  0.2  30 (C2) (E=) VItOR P  t OR I2  R  t (C1) 9(c) current increases B1 (because) resistance (of thermistor) decreases B1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2024

7 A battery, a lamp L, a fixed resistor R and a switch S are connected as shown in Fig. 7.1. 6.0 V R L S Fig. 7.1 (a) The potential difference (p.d.) across lamp L is 4.8 V and the current in lamp L is 0.40 A. Calculate the resistance of lamp L. resistance = … Ω [3] (b) State and explain how closing switch S affects the brightness of lamp L. … … … … [3] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 7(a) A3 4.8 / 0.4 (C2) V = IR OR (R = ) V / I (C1) 7(b) (lamp is) brighter OR (brightness) increases B1 resistance of wire and resistor in parallel is less than resistance of wire owtte OR voltage across lamp / L increases B1 (so) current in lamp increases B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2024

8 Fig. 8.1 shows part of a circuit for measuring the resistance of a lamp. A Fig. 8.1 (a) Draw on Fig. 8.1 to show how to connect a voltmeter to measure the potential difference across the lamp. Use the electrical symbol for a voltmeter. [2] (b) The current in the lamp is 0.41 A and the potential difference across the lamp is 12 V. Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance = … Ω [3] (c) Calculate the electrical power transferred in the lamp. Include the unit. power transferred = … unit … [4] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) correct symbol B1 voltmeter in parallel with lamp B1 8(b) 29 () A3 12  0.41 (C2) (R =) V  I OR V = I  R in any form (C1) 8(c) 4.9 A3 0.41  12 OR 0.412  29 (C2) (P =) I  V in any form OR (P =) I 2  R (C1) W B1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2024

9 A student tests various materials to determine whether they are electrical conductors or insulators. The student uses the circuit shown in Fig. 9.1. 6 V battery switch A X Y Fig. 9.1 (a) The student connects a piece of tin metal between X and Y. Describe how the student can determine whether tin is an electrical conductor. … … … [2] (b) Describe electrical conduction in a metal. Use your ideas about electrons in your answer. … … … … [3] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) either: B2 close switch (see if) lamp lights OR reading on ammeter OR lamp lights OR reading on ammeter (so material is (a)) conductor OR lamp lights OR reading on ammeter (so must have electric) current in tin 9(b) mention of free OR de-localised electrons (in the metal) B1 able to move from one atom / ion / particle to another B1 when p.d. OR voltage (applied across the metal / material) B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2024

8 (a) A student connects a circuit with two lamps and three switches, S1, S2 and S3, as shown in Fig. 8.1. 6.0 V S1 S3 S2 Fig. 8.1 (i) The student switches on one lamp. State which switches the student closes to switch on only one lamp. … [1] (ii) The student opens all the switches then switches on two lamps. State which switches the student closes to switch on two lamps. … [1] (b) Fig. 8.2 shows the manufacturer’s information for one of the lamps. voltage = 6.0 V current = 0.53 A Fig. 8.2 Calculate the resistance of the lamp when it is connected to a 6.0 V power source. resistance = … Ω [3] (c) Calculate the electrical power transferred in the lamp when it is connected to a 6.0 V power source. Include the unit. power transferred = … unit … [4] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a)(i) Switch S1 AND Switch S2 B1 8(a)(ii) Switch S1 AND Switch S3 B1 8(b) 11() A3 6(.0)  0.53 (C2) V = I  R OR (R =) V  I (C1) 8(c) 3.2 A3 0.53 x 6(.0) (C2) (P =) I  V (C1) W B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2024

9 A student set up the electrical circuit that is shown in Fig. 9.1. switch ammeter metal wire battery lamp voltmeter variable resistor Fig. 9.1 (a) Fig. 9.2 shows part of the circuit diagram for the circuit in Fig. 9.1. A battery switch ammeter Fig. 9.2 Complete the circuit diagram in Fig. 9.2 to represent the circuit in Fig. 9.1. Use standard circuit symbols. [4] (b) The potential difference (p.d.) across the lamp is 11 V and the current in the lamp is 0.44 A. Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance = … Ω [3] (c) The student moves the sliding contact from position A to position B, as shown in Fig. 9.3. metal bar sliding contact in position A connection to lamp connection to battery coil of resistance wire metal bar sliding contact in position B connection to lamp connection to battery coil of resistance wire Fig. 9.3 State and explain any effect on the current in the circuit when the sliding contact is moved from position A to position B. … … … … [2] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) correct symbol for: B1 voltmeter lamp B1 variable resistor B1 lamp and variable resistor connected in series circuit AND B1 voltmeter in parallel with lamp 9(b) 25 () A3 11 ÷ 0.44 (C2) (R =) V ÷ I or V = I  R or in any form (C1) 9(c) current increases B1 (because) resistance (of variable resistor) decreases OR there is less resistance wire (in the circuit / for current to move B1 through)

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2025

8 Fig. 8.1 shows the circuit diagram for a 16 Ω resistor and an 8.0 Ω resistor connected to a 6.0 V battery. 6.0 V 16 Ω 8.0 Ω Fig. 8.1 (a) Calculate the combined resistance of the two resistors shown in Fig. 8.1. combined resistance = … Ω [2] (b) The potential difference across the 8.0 Ω resistor is 2.0 V. Calculate the current in the resistor. current = … A [3] (c) State the name of the particles that move through the metal wires when there is a current in the circuit. … [1] (d) A student measures the potential difference across the 16 Ω resistor by using a meter. On Fig. 8.1, draw the electrical symbol for this meter and its connections. [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) 24 () A2 (combined resistance =) R1 + R2 OR 16 + 8(.0) C1 8(b) (I =) 0.25 (A) A3 (I =) 2(.0) ÷ 8(.0) C2 V = IR in any form OR (I =) V ÷ R C1 8(c) electrons B1 8(d) voltmeter correctly connected across 16  resistor A2 correct voltmeter symbol in wrong place OR incorrect meter connected across 16  resistor C1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2025

8 Fig. 8.1 shows a mains-powered electric fan heater fixed on a bathroom wall. electric fan heater pull cord Fig. 8.1 The pull cord switches the fan heater on and off. (a) Suggest why a pull cord is safer than a push switch for a fan heater in a bathroom. … … [1] (b) Fig. 8.2 shows the electric circuit for the fan heater. switch mains supply X heater M Y Fig. 8.2 State the name for component X and for component Y. X … Y … [2] (c) Fig. 8.3 shows the information label on the fan heater. power = 2000 W voltage = 230 V Fig. 8.3 Calculate the current supplied to the fan heater. current = … A [3] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) reduces risk of electric shock / electrocution OR reference to damp conditions B1 8(b) symbol X: fuse B1 symbol Y: motor B1 8(c) 8.7 (A) A3 2000 ÷ 230 C2 power = current  voltage OR (current =) power ÷ voltage C1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2025

9 Fig. 9.1 shows two resistors connected in series. 20 Ω 40 Ω Fig. 9.1 (a) Calculate the combined resistance of the two resistors in series. combined resistance = … Ω [1] (b) The two resistors in Fig. 9.1 are connected to an ammeter and a 12 V battery, as shown in Fig. 9.2. 12 V A 20 Ω 40 Ω Fig. 9.2 The reading on the ammeter is 0.20 A. (i) Calculate the potential difference (p.d.) across the 20 Ω resistor. potential difference = … V [3] (ii) A student uses a voltmeter to measure the potential difference across the 20 Ω resistor. Draw on Fig. 9.2 to show how the student connects the voltmeter. Use the correct circuit symbol for the voltmeter. [2] (c) The student removes the two resistors and then connects them in parallel, as shown in Fig. 9.3. 20 Ω 40 Ω Fig. 9.3 Suggest a value for the combined resistance of the two resistors in parallel. combined resistance = … Ω [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) 60 () B1 9(b)(i) 4(.0) (V) A3 0.2(0)  20 C2 (V =) I  R C1 9(b)(ii) correct circuit symbol for voltmeter B1 candidate’s meter connected in parallel with the 20  resistor B1 9(c) 0  value  20 () e.g. 11 OR 19.5 OR 0.075 OR 13.3 etc. B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2025

8 Fig. 8.1 shows a mains-powered electric fan heater fixed on a bathroom wall. electric fan heater pull cord Fig. 8.1 The pull cord switches the fan heater on and off. (a) Suggest why a pull cord is safer than a push switch for a fan heater in a bathroom. … … [1] (b) Fig. 8.2 shows the electric circuit for the fan heater. switch mains supply X heater M Y Fig. 8.2 State the name for component X and for component Y. X … Y … [2] (c) Fig. 8.3 shows the information label on the fan heater. power = 2000 W voltage = 230 V Fig. 8.3 Calculate the current supplied to the fan heater. current = … A [3] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) reduces risk of electric shock / electrocution OR reference to damp conditions B1 8(b) symbol X: fuse B1 symbol Y: motor B1 8(c) 8.7 (A) A3 2000 ÷ 230 C2 power = current  voltage OR (current =) power ÷ voltage C1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2025

9 Fig. 9.1 shows two resistors connected in series. 20 Ω 40 Ω Fig. 9.1 (a) Calculate the combined resistance of the two resistors in series. combined resistance = … Ω [1] (b) The two resistors in Fig. 9.1 are connected to an ammeter and a 12 V battery, as shown in Fig. 9.2. 12 V A 20 Ω 40 Ω Fig. 9.2 The reading on the ammeter is 0.20 A. (i) Calculate the potential difference (p.d.) across the 20 Ω resistor. potential difference = … V [3] (ii) A student uses a voltmeter to measure the potential difference across the 20 Ω resistor. Draw on Fig. 9.2 to show how the student connects the voltmeter. Use the correct circuit symbol for the voltmeter. [2] (c) The student removes the two resistors and then connects them in parallel, as shown in Fig. 9.3. 20 Ω 40 Ω Fig. 9.3 Suggest a value for the combined resistance of the two resistors in parallel. combined resistance = … Ω [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 9(a) 60 () B1 9(b)(i) 4(.0) (V) A3 0.2(0)  20 C2 (V =) I  R C1 9(b)(ii) correct circuit symbol for voltmeter B1 candidate’s meter connected in parallel with the 20  resistor B1 9(c) 0  value  20 () e.g. 11 OR 19.5 OR 0.075 OR 13.3 etc. B1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2025

9 A teacher connects the circuit shown in Fig. 9.1. ammeter 1 switch lamp 2 lamp 1 V 1.5 cell ammeter 2 Fig. 9.1 (a) Give the name for the way the components are connected in this circuit. … [1] (b) The resistance of each lamp is 8.0 Ω. Calculate the combined resistance of lamp 1 and lamp 2. combined resistance = … Ω [2] (c) The teacher draws a circuit diagram for the circuit in Fig. 9.1. The circuit diagram is not completed. Fig. 9.2 shows the teacher’s incomplete circuit diagram. A ammeter 1 lamp 1 Fig. 9.2 Complete the circuit diagram by adding the symbols correctly connected. [3] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 9(b) 16 () A2 (combined resistance =) R1 + R2 OR 8(.0) + 8(.0) (C1) 9(c) symbol for switch seen B1 symbol for cell seen B1 symbols connected to give series circuit B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2025

7 Fig. 7.1 shows a lamp connected in series with four 1.5 V cells and an ammeter. A voltmeter is connected across the lamp. A V Fig. 7.1 (a) Determine the potential difference across the four cells. potential difference = … V [1] (b) (i) The reading on the ammeter is 0.64 A. The reading on the voltmeter is 5.8 V. Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance of the lamp = … Ω [3] (ii) Calculate the energy transferred by the lamp in 140 s. energy transferred = … J [3] (c) On Fig. 7.1, draw a second lamp so that there is a bigger current in the ammeter when the second lamp is connected. [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 7(a) 6(.0) (V) B1 7(b)(i) 9.1 () A3 5.8 ÷ 0.64 C2 (resistance =) potential difference ÷ current C1 7(b)(ii) 520 (J) A3 5.8  0.64  140 or 3.712  140 or 5.8  89.6 or 0.64  812 C2 (energy transferred =) potential difference  current  time C1 7(c) lamp in parallel with original lamp B1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2025

7 (a) A student is making a torch. (i) The torch needs a potential difference (p.d) of 6.0 V. The electromotive force (e.m.f.) of each cell for the torch is 1.5 V. State the number of cells that the torch needs. number of cells = … [1] (ii) The student has the following components for the electrical part of the torch: a 6.0 V lamp a switch several 1.5 V cells connecting wire Draw a circuit diagram to show how the components are connected in series to make the torch. Use standard circuit symbols. [3] (b) The p.d. across the lamp is 6.0 V. The current in the lamp is 0.25 A (i) Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance = … Ω [3] (ii) Calculate the power of the lamp. power = … W [3] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 7(a)(i) 4 (cells) B1 7(a)(ii) three (cell (s) / battery, lamp and switch) circuit symbols correct A2 one or two (from cell(s) / battery, lamp and switch) circuit symbols correct C1 a complete circuit with cell (s), lamp and switch in series B1 7(b)(i) 24 () A3 6(.0) ÷ 0.25 C2 (resistance =) potential difference ÷ current C1 7(b)(ii) 1.5 (W) A3 6(.0)  0.25 C2 (power =) potential difference  current C1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2025

8 (a) A coal-fired power station is far from a city. The electricity generated by the power station is transmitted to the city at a high voltage. State two advantages of high-voltage transmission of electricity. 1 … 2 … [2] (b) In the city, transformers reduce the high voltage. Fig. 8.1 shows one of these transformers. transformer black cooling fins ground Fig. 8.1 Transformers become hot when they reduce the high voltage. There are black cooling fins on the casing which contains the transformer. Explain why the fins are black. … … [2] (c) Describe the construction and materials of a simple step-down transformer. You may draw a labelled diagram as part of your answer. … … … [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 8(a) any two from: B2 • smaller current (in cables) • more efficient • less power / heating losses • thinner / cheaper cables / pylons further apart owtte • less voltage drop • allows for transmission over a longer distance • fewer / larger power stations can supply more area / whole country 8(b) (black is a) good / best emitter M1 of thermal radiation / infrared A1 8(c) any three from: B3 • two coils • copper wire / coils • (coils wrapped round / linked by soft) iron core • more turns on primary coil

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2025