Practice MCQsBuild a paperTopical banksYearly papersBuild a paperPricing
Topical›Biology 9700›Cell membranes and transport›Movement into and out of cells›Paper 1

Movement into and out of cells — Paper 1 · A Level Biology 9700

4.2· 259 questions · 259 marks · 311 min · 2004–2025· Multiple choice

Every Cambridge A Level Biology Paper 1 question on movement into and out of cells, laid out as 94 A4 pages with the mark scheme below. Nothing is left out. Free to read, no account.

QuestionsMark scheme
Different topic or paper

Questions94 pages

Question 1: The diagram shows a plant cell. The plant cell is put into a solution with a water potential less negative (higher) than the cell contents.…Question 2: Which structures are present in large numbers at sites of active transport? A Golgi bodies B lysosomes C mitochondria D rough endoplasmic r…Question 3: Which adaptation would increase the efficiency of active transport of carbohydrates from a plant cell? A areas where the cell wall is thin …Question 4: Which statement defines active transport? A movement of large molecules through the cell surface membrane into the cytoplasm of a cell B mo…Question 5: Which pair of factors is inversely proportional to the rate of diffusion? A concentration gradient and size of diffusing molecule B distanc…1 / 94
Question 6: When cylinders of potato tissue were immersed in a 0.35 mol dm–3 sucrose solution, they showed no change in mass. What will happen when cyl…Question 7: The diagram shows part of a cell surface membrane. P Q R What is the correct function for each of the structures labelled? regulates forms …2 / 94
Question 8: Strips of potato tuber tissue were immersed in distilled water or in sucrose solutions of different concentrations. The graph shows the per…Question 9: Which process would allow the movement of large protein molecules out of the cell? A active transport B exocytosis C facilitated diffusion …3 / 94
Question 10: Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Their lengths were measured before immers…Question 11: The graph shows rates of simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion, of substance X across a cell surface membrane, as the concentration of…4 / 94
Question 12: The diagram shows a cell from the gut. The cell produces protease enzymes. What is correct? enzymes released by ATP needed A endocytosis no…Question 13: Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Their lengths were measured before immers…5 / 94
Question 14: The diagram shows three routes through which substances can pass across a cell membrane. X Y Z Which correctly shows the routes for vitamin…Question 15: The water potential of three adjacent plant cells is shown. X Y –250 kPa –1000 kPa Z –4000 kPa In which direction will water move? A from c…Question 16: The table shows three processes that contribute to transport across cell surface membranes. Which processes are the result of random movem…6 / 94
Question 17: The epithelial cells of people with cystic fibrosis have a defect in the structure of the cell surface membrane. The ability of the cell to…Question 18: Four solutions, with different water potentials are listed. 1 endodermal cell solution 2 root hair cell solution 3 soil water solution 4 so…7 / 94
Question 19: The diagram shows a red blood cell and the concentrations of ions, in mmol dm−3, in the plasma and in the cell. Na+ 15 K+ 150 Cl 73 Na+ 144…Question 20: Diagrams 1 and 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when moved from one solution W to a different solution Y. X X W Y d…8 / 94
Question 21: Cystic fibrosis is a disease where Cl – ions are unable to be transported into cells. Which structure in the cell surface membrane is fault…Question 22: The diagram shows the changes in pressure potential (ΨP), solute potential (ΨS) and water potential (Ψ) when a plasmolysed plant cell is pl…Question 23: Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 2 and 4 only B 1,…9 / 94
Question 24: Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown. 1 2 3 4 5 Which cells were placed in which soluti…Question 25: Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 2 and 4 only B 1,…10 / 94
Question 26: Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown. 1 2 3 4 5 Which cells were placed in which soluti…Question 27: Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown. 1 2 3 4 5 Which cells were placed in which soluti…11 / 94
Question 28: Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 2 and 4 only B 1,…Question 29: The stalk of a dandelion is a hollow tube. Pieces of the stalk are cut as shown and placed in sucrose solutions of different water potentia…Question 30: In an investigation, four sucrose solutions were separated from each other by partially permeable membranes. 1 1.1 mol dm–3 2 0.8 mol dm–3 …12 / 94
Question 31: The diagram shows the transport of ions across the cell surface membrane. Inside the cell there is a low concentration of sodium ions (Na+)…Question 32: Plant cells were immersed in solutions of different water potential and left for one hour. Which row shows the effect of the different solu…Question 33: What supports the view that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? A It allows movement of molecules across a membrane if conc…13 / 94
Question 34: Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Their lengths were measured before immers…Question 35: Visking tubing is an artificial partially permeable membrane used to demonstrate diffusion. Glucose molecules can pass through the pores in…Question 36: When cylinders of potato tissue were immersed in a 0.35 mol dm–3 sucrose solution, they showed no change in mass. What will happen when cyl…14 / 94
Question 37: What supports the view that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? A It allows movement of molecules across a membrane if conc…Question 38: Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Their lengths were measured before immers…Question 39: Single-celled animals that live in fresh water have a vacuole that contracts regularly to remove excess water. Single-celled plants that li…15 / 94
Question 40: Which statement defines active transport? A movement of large molecules through the cell surface membrane into the cytoplasm of a cell B mo…Question 41: Which statements about the components of the cell surface membrane are correct? 1 Diffusion can take place through lipids and protein pores…Question 42: Which statement defines active transport? A movement of large molecules through the cell surface membrane into the cytoplasm of a cell B mo…Question 43: Single-celled animals that live in fresh water have a vacuole that contracts regularly to remove excess water. Single-celled plants that li…16 / 94
Question 44: Which statements about the components of the cell surface membrane are correct? 1 Diffusion can take place through lipids and protein pores…Question 45: Which of the following ways of moving substances across cell surface membranes allows movement in both directions? 1 active transport 2 dif…17 / 94
Question 46: The graphs show the rate of uptake of sugars by a culture of animal cells, under different conditions. air bubbled through the culture 3-ca…Question 47: The following are all processes by which substances can enter a cell. 1 endocytosis 2 facilitated diffusion 3 osmosis Which processes are p…18 / 94
Question 48: The diagram shows the water potential of three adjacent plant cells. –1200 kPa –800 kPa –1000 kPa In which directions will there be net mov…Question 49: Which of the following ways of moving substances across cell surface membranes allows movement in both directions? 1 active transport 2 dif…19 / 94
Question 50: The graphs show the rate of uptake of sugars by a culture of animal cells, under different conditions. air bubbled through the culture 3-ca…20 / 94
Question 51: The graph shows how the rate of entry of glucose into a cell changes as the concentration of glucose outside the cell changes. X rate of en…Question 52: A molecule can enter a cell by two different passive processes. Which process would increase the rate at which this molecule enters the cel…Question 53: The photograph shows a type of blood cell. Which statements about these cells are correct? 1 Oxygen diffuses through the phospholipid bilay…21 / 94
Question 54: Which role of the cell surface membrane is not a result of the properties of the phospholipids? A to allow cytokinesis to occur in mitotic …Question 55: Which processes that move substances across cell surface membranes result in an equilibrium? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated d…Question 56: Diagrams 1 and 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when moved from one solution W to a different solution Y. X X W Y d…22 / 94
Question 57: The graph shows how the rate of entry of glucose into a cell changes as the concentration of glucose outside the cell changes. X rate of en…Question 58: The following are all processes by which substances can enter cells. 1 phagocytosis 2 active transport 3 facilitated diffusion Which proces…Question 59: Which process allows the movement of molecules that are too large to enter through a cell surface membrane? A active transport B endocytosi…23 / 94
Question 60: The diagram shows the water potential of three cells. cell X –700 kPa –800 kPa –1000 kPa In which directions will there be net movement of …Question 61: The diagram shows a xerophytic leaf in different conditions, P and Q. X X P Q Which statements about the cells in layer X of the leaf in ea…Question 62: Halophytes are plants that can survive in regions where they are regularly exposed to sea water. Sea water has a water potential of approxi…24 / 94
Question 63: An animal cell and a plant cell are placed in distilled water. The animal cell swells and bursts, while the plant cell swells but does not …Question 64: The diagram shows a cell that produces protease enzymes. Which row is correct? enzymes released by ATP needed A endocytosis no B endocytosi…25 / 94
Question 65: The diagram shows two identical plant cells. One plant cell is put into a solution with a water potential less negative than the cell conte…26 / 94
Question 66: The diagram shows how sucrose is loaded into a sieve tube element. companion cell sieve tube element 1 hydrogen ions move out of the compan…Question 67: Which process would allow the movement of large protein molecules out of the cell? A active transport B exocytosis C facilitated diffusion …27 / 94
Question 68: Strips of potato tissue were immersed in distilled water or in sucrose solutions of different concentrations. The graph shows the percentag…Question 69: The diagram shows a xerophytic leaf in different conditions, P and Q. X X P Q Which statements describe the difference between the cells in…28 / 94
Question 70: What are the features of facilitated diffusion? uses proteins molecules move down a in membrane uses ATP concentration gradient A v v v …Question 71: The stalk of a dandelion flower is a hollow tube. Pieces of the stalk are cut as shown and placed in sucrose solutions of different water p…Question 72: What happens to an animal cell when it is placed in a solution with a more negative water potential? A It loses solutes to the solution and…Question 73: Many single-celled animals, living in fresh water, possess vacuoles which contract regularly, expelling excess water. Why do the cells of p…29 / 94
Question 74: Which statements are descriptions of both facilitated diffusion and active transport? 1 moves substances against a concentration gradient 2…Question 75: When mitochondria are extracted from cells for biochemical study, they are usually kept in a 0.25 mol dm–3 sucrose solution. Why is the suc…Question 76: Which processes that contribute to transport across cell surface membranes are active or passive? endocytosis | exocytosis facilitated osm…Question 77: In an investigation, four sucrose solutions were separated from each other by partially permeable membranes. solution 1 1.1 mol dm–3 soluti…30 / 94
Question 78: The diagram shows a partially plasmolysed plant cell. solution X Z solution Y What is found at Z? A air B solution X C solution Y D waterQuestion 79: Which adaptation would increase active transport of carbohydrates from a plant cell? A areas where the cell wall is thin B increased permea…Question 80: The fluidity of the cell surface membrane can be changed by a number of factors. As the fluidity of cell surface membranes decreases, which…Question 81: Which is correct for facilitated diffusion and active transport? A both depend on the solubility of the transported molecule in the lipid b…Question 82: Which features increase the efficiency of ion uptake by a root hair cell? 1 many mitochondria in the cell 2 high concentration of ions in t…31 / 94
Question 83: The drug ritonavir is sometimes used in the treatment of HIV / AIDS. Ritonavir consists of three amino acids and is a competitive inhibitor…Question 84: The diagram shows a plant cell. The plant cell is put into a solution with a water potential less negative than the cell contents. What wil…Question 85: In the lungs, oxygen and carbon dioxide pass through cell membranes by diffusion. Which row is correct? number of cell membranes diffused t…32 / 94
Question 86: What are the features of facilitated diffusion? 1 It uses protein channels in the membrane and is driven by the energy from ATP. 2 It moves…Question 87: Single-celled animals that live in fresh water have a vacuole that contracts regularly to remove excess water. Single-celled plants that li…Question 88: The diagram shows three routes, X, Y and Z, through which substances can pass across a cell surface membrane. X Y Z Which correctly shows t…33 / 94
Question 89: In plants adapted to cold conditions, their cell surface membranes change as the weather gets colder, allowing the plants to carry out exoc…Question 90: The diagram shows four plant cells. 1 4 2 3 In which direction could there be net movement of water by osmosis? A 1 to 2 and 1 to 4 B 1 to …34 / 94
Question 91: The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate the effect of changing the concentration of glucose in the surrounding solution on the mo…Question 92: The diagram shows the transport of ions across the cell surface membrane. Inside the cell there is a low concentration of sodium ions (Na+)…35 / 94
Question 93: Which description of cell surface membrane permeability is correct? A An increase in the concentration of cholesterol molecules in the cell…Question 94: The diagram represents a cell surface membrane. high concentration of substance 1 2 3 low concentration of substance Three pathways through…Question 95: What supports the view that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? A It allows movement of molecules across a membrane if conc…36 / 94
Question 96: The graph shows the effect of increasing the concentration of glucose in a solution on the rate of entry of glucose into a cell. X rate of …Question 97: Which descriptions are correct about transport across cell surface membranes? active processes passive processes A endocytosis and exocytos…Question 98: The statements are comparisons of endocytosis and exocytosis. • Both are mechanisms that involve vesicles or vacuoles and the transport of …37 / 94
Question 99: The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate the effect of putting a 10 % glucose solution in a selectively permeable bag (Visking tub…Question 100: Which descriptions are correct for transport across cell surface membranes? active processes passive processes A active transport exocytosi…Question 101: The stages of an investigation using plant tissue are listed below. ● A freshly cut slice of plant tissue was rinsed in distilled water, dr…38 / 94
Question 102: What explains the effect on a red blood cell of being placed into pure water? A Less water leaves the cell than enters it, so the cell shri…Question 103: Which descriptions are correct about transport across cell surface membranes? active processes passive processes A active transport exocyto…Question 104: The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate diffusion. selectively 20% glucose permeable solution membrane Y 10% glucose solution in …Question 105: Antimycin is a chemical that inhibits the function of mitochondria. Which methods of transport across the cell surface membrane would be in…39 / 94
Question 106: Visking tubing is an artificial partially permeable membrane used to demonstrate diffusion. Glucose molecules can pass through the pores in…Question 107: The diagram represents a cell surface membrane of a metabolically active cell and the direction of movement of some molecules through the m…Question 108: Batrachotoxin is a poison found in frogs in the Columbian jungle. The poison is used by Native Indians to produce poison darts. The poison …40 / 94
Question 109: Which statements about active transport are always correct? 1 It does not require a membrane. 2 It occurs against the concentration gradien…Question 110: There is a high concentration of molecule X outside the cell which enters the cell by facilitated diffusion. The results of measuring the c…41 / 94
Question 111: The photograph shows a type of blood cell. Which statements about these cells are correct? 1 Oxygen diffuses through the phospholipid bilay…Question 112: Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or channel protein? 1 Ca2+ and Na+ 2 O2 3…Question 113: Which statements about endocytosis are correct? 1 It is a process requiring energy in the form of ATP. 2 Phagocytosis is a form of endocyto…Question 114: Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or channel protein? 1 CO2 2 Ca2+ and Na+ …42 / 94
Question 115: Which statements about the proteins in cell surface membranes are correct? 1 They can be involved in active transport and facilitated diffu…Question 116: The following are all processes by which substances can enter a cell. 1 endocytosis 2 facilitated diffusion 3 osmosis Which processes are p…Question 117: Equal volumes of five concentrations of sodium chloride solution were placed into five containers. An identical piece of plant tissue was p…43 / 94
Question 118: The cells in the roots of beetroot plants contain a red pigment. When pieces of root tissue are soaked in cold water, some of the red pigme…Question 119: The diagram shows two pathways, X and Y, through which molecules can diffuse across a cell surface membrane. X Y Which row correctly shows …Question 120: What describes a carrier protein in cell surface membranes? A a glycoprotein that is found on the outer surface of the membranes allowing c…44 / 94
Question 121: What could happen to a typical bacterium when it is placed in surroundings which have a less negative water potential than that inside the …Question 122: By which process do hydrogencarbonate ions leave red blood cells? A active transport B endocytosis C facilitated diffusion D phagocytosisQuestion 123: The diagram shows a plant cell. The plant cell is put into a solution with a water potential less negative than the cell contents. What wil…Question 124: Which row is correct for facilitated diffusion of molecules or ions into a cell? A ATP required movement against the membrane protein conce…45 / 94
Question 125: The diagram represents an experiment where two solutions, P and Q, were separated by a partially permeable membrane. partially permeable me…Question 126: The graph shows how the rate of entry of substance X into a cell changes as the concentration of substance X outside the cell increases. ra…46 / 94
Question 127: Which of these processes allow movement in both directions across cell surface membranes? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diff…Question 128: Which row describes osmosis across a cell surface membrane? moves molecule molecule uses energy down a concentration moved from ATP gradie…Question 129: Which of these substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or a channel protein? 1 Ca2+ 2 C…Question 130: Companion cells use ATP to move hydrogen ions out of the cell and co-transporter proteins to allow hydrogen ions to return with sucrose mol…47 / 94
Question 131: Which statements about the cell surface membrane are correct? 1 Channel proteins allow water soluble ions and molecules across the membrane…Question 132: Which of these features increase the efficiency of ion uptake by a root hair cell? 1 many mitochondria in the cell 2 high concentration of …Question 133: The diagrams show the shape and size of two types of cell. 50 μm 45 μm 10 μm 5 μm 10 μm 10 μm palisade mesophyll cell columnar epithelial c…48 / 94
Question 134: The formula shows how the rate of diffusion across a cell surface membrane can be calculated. surface area × difference in concentrat ion t…Question 135: The diagram shows part of the cell surface membrane of an active animal cell. more negative water potential X L M less negative water poten…Question 136: Some epidermal cells from a well-watered plant are placed in three solutions which have different water potentials. Which row correctly sho…49 / 94
Question 137: Which processes use energy in the form of ATP? 1 endocytosis 2 exocytosis 3 facilitated diffusion A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 onl…Question 138: The diagram shows a partially plasmolysed plant cell. solution X Z solution Y What is found at Z? A air B solution X C solution Y D waterQuestion 139: The diagram shows the transport of ions across the cell surface membrane. Inside the cell there is a low concentration of sodium ions (Na+)…50 / 94
Question 140: The indicator cresol red changes from red to yellow when put into an acid. Some blocks of agar containing cresol red were cut to different …Question 141: When red blood cells are put into pure water they burst (haemolysis). Which statements explain this haemolysis? 1 The water potential of th…Question 142: How could water molecules cross the cell surface membrane of animal cells? 1 carrier proteins 2 channel proteins 3 cholesterol molecules A …51 / 94
Question 143: Agar cubes can be used to demonstrate the effect of changing surface area to volume ratio on diffusion. Three different agar cubes made usi…Question 144: Which statement describes endocytosis? A movement across a membrane against the concentration gradient and requiring energy B movement acro…52 / 94
Question 145: An indicator is colourless in acid and pink in alkali. In an experiment a petri dish of agar was prepared using an acidic solution of this …Question 146: Which statements about the movement of water in and out of cells are correct? 1 Water moves from regions of more negative water potential t…Question 147: The graph shows how the rate of entry of glucose into a cell changes as the concentration of glucose outside the cell changes. X rate of en…53 / 94
Question 148: The diagram shows the movement of substance Z across a cell surface membrane. Z outside cell membrane Z Z inside cell time Which process is…Question 149: Visking tubing is often used as a model during experiments to investigate osmosis in plants. What could Visking tubing be used to represen…Question 150: The cell surface membranes of some cells are largely made up of phospholipids and cholesterol, with few proteins. Which transport mechanism…Question 151: A student weighed a cylinder of potato and then put it into a test-tube containing a salt solution. The potato cylinder was removed from th…54 / 94
Question 152: Irrigating crop plants with water containing low concentrations of salt causes an increase in the concentration of salt in the soil. What e…Question 153: Which statement suggests that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? A It allows movement of molecules across a membrane if co…Question 154: Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes and do not use a carrier protein or channel protein? 1 K+ and Cl – 2 CO2 …Question 155: A student put a layer of plant epidermal cells on a microscope slide. The student put a drop of potassium nitrate solution on the layer of …55 / 94
Question 156: The photomicrograph shows the appearance of onion epidermal cells after they have been soaked in solution X for one hour. Y What fills the …Question 157: Equal sized potato pieces were placed into a test-tube and covered with a sucrose solution. The test tube was left for 30 minutes. All othe…Question 158: Which pair of factors is inversely proportional to the rate of diffusion? A concentration gradient and surface area over which diffusion oc…56 / 94
Question 159: Raisins are dried fruit that contain high concentrations of sugar. Which row is correct when raisins are first put into water? water potent…Question 160: Which description of cell surface membrane permeability is correct? A An increase in the concentration of cholesterol molecules in the cell…Question 161: Which transport mechanism within a cell can occur in the absence of membranes? A active transport B diffusion C facilitated diffusion D osm…Question 162: A student measured the time taken for complete diffusion of a dye into agar blocks of different sizes. The results are shown in the table. …57 / 94
Question 163: A plant cell with a water potential of –600 kPa was placed in a solution with a water potential of –410 kPa for 10 minutes. Which row is co…Question 164: The diagram shows a cell surface membrane. 2 3 1 4 Which statements about the labelled molecules in the membrane are correct? ● 1 is involv…Question 165: Equal sized potato pieces were placed into test-tubes containing equal volumes of different concentrations of sucrose solution and left for…58 / 94
Question 166: What are the features of facilitated diffusion? 1 It uses protein channels in the membrane and is driven by the energy from ATP. 2 It moves…Question 167: Blocks of agar are stained with a pH indicator and used to investigate the diffusion of an acid solution. Which block would completely chan…Question 168: The diagram shows the water potential of three adjacent plant cells, P, Q and R. P –198 kPa Q –224 kPa R –212 kPa Which shows the net movem…Question 169: Which processes can allow transport into or out of a cell? 1 active transport 2 facilitated diffusion 3 osmosis A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only…59 / 94
Question 170: Plant cells were put into one of three different concentrations of sugar solution, 10%, 5% and 2.5%. The cells were left for 50 minutes and…Question 171: Solute X is at a higher concentration outside a cell than in the cytoplasm. Which processes may allow solute X to be moved through the cell…Question 172: Diagram 1 and diagram 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when the leaf is moved from solution X to solution Y. leaf s…60 / 94
Question 173: Which features must always be present for water to move between two solutions by osmosis? 1 carrier proteins 2 cell surface membrane 3 sele…Question 174: When living pancreatic cells were placed in a solution of a red stain called neutral red, the cytoplasm became red. The cells were then rem…Question 175: The diagram shows a xerophytic leaf in different conditions, P and Q. Y Y P Q Which statements describe the difference between the cells in…Question 176: Which roles of the cell surface membrane result from the properties of the phospholipids? 1 to allow cytokinesis to occur in mitotic cell d…61 / 94
Question 177: Which factors can be changed to affect the rate of facilitated diffusion across a cell surface membrane? 1 the surface area of the membrane…Question 178: The diagram shows an experiment using a model cell to investigate the movement of substances. membrane permeable model cell to monosacchari…Question 179: How many times must a molecule of carbon dioxide pass through a cell surface membrane as it diffuses from the plasma, through a cell in the…Question 180: An indicator mixed with agar forms a pink colour. The pink-coloured agar becomes colourless when put in acid. Blocks of pink-coloured agar …62 / 94
Question 181: Three identical plant cells were put into one of three different concentrations of sugar solution, 10%, 5% and 2.5%. The cells were left fo…Question 182: Some enzymes are produced in the cells of the pancreas. The enzymes are secreted when required. Which process is used to transport these en…Question 183: Plant cells were submerged in a solution with a water potential less negative than that found inside the cells. What describes the conditio…Question 184: An antibiotic enters bacterial cells through a membrane channel protein, P. Some bacterial cells have shown resistance to this antibiotic b…63 / 94
Question 185: Liver cells contain vesicles that have proteins in their membranes which are specific for the transport of glucose. When these cells need t…Question 186: A student set up an experiment to investigate diffusion. A block of agar, 1.0 cm  1.0 cm  1.0 cm, was stained uniformly with a water-solu…Question 187: The diagram shows a partially plasmolysed plant cell. solution X Z solution Y What is found at Z? A air B solution X C solution Y D water64 / 94
Question 188: A single-celled organism lives in freshwater. Water that enters the cytoplasm of the cell by osmosis is collected into a structure called t…Question 189: Which transport mechanism does not require a concentration gradient to be present in order to take place? A exocytosis B facilitated diffus…65 / 94
Question 190: In an investigation, a plant cell was placed in pure water. The initial rate at which water molecules entered the cell, R, was greater than…Question 191: Some processes occurring in cells are listed. 1 endocytosis of water into cells 2 exocytosis of enzymes from cells 3 facilitated diffusion …Question 192: The graph shows changes in the concentration of a solute inside a cell. concentration of solute inside cell 0 0 time What explains this cha…66 / 94
Question 193: The indicator cresol red, changes from red to yellow when put into acid. Four blocks of agar containing cresol red were cut to different si…Question 194: When animal cells are cultured, salt solution is added to keep the cells alive. What is the purpose of the salt solution? A to allow facili…Question 195: The following are all processes that allow movement into cells. 1 phagocytosis 2 active transport 3 facilitated diffusion Which processes r…Question 196: Which features are required to allow for efficient diffusion? 1 a large surface area 2 a short diffusion pathway 3 maintenance of a constan…Question 197: Batrachotoxin is a poison found in frogs in the Colombian jungle. The poison is used to produce poison darts. The poison works by increasin…67 / 94
Question 198: Which processes use energy in the form of ATP? 1 endocytosis 2 exocytosis 3 facilitated diffusion A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 onl…Question 199: An indicator is colourless in acid and pink in alkali. In an experiment a petri dish of agar was prepared using an acidic solution of this …Question 200: Which statement is correct for facilitated diffusion and active transport? A As the direction of the concentration gradient changes so does…Question 201: Equal sized potato pieces were placed into a test-tube and covered with a sucrose solution. The test-tube was left for 30 minutes. All othe…68 / 94
Question 202: The diagram represents a process by which molecules move out of a cell through a cell surface membrane. Which process does this represent? …Question 203: The photomicrograph shows the appearance of onion epidermal cells after they have been soaked in solution X for one hour. Y What fills the …69 / 94
Question 204: Sodium chloride is added to a culture solution containing freshwater single-celled plant cells. What happens to the water potential of the …Question 205: Which features are correct for active transport and facilitated diffusion? 1 The movement of molecules and ions depends on ATP. 2 They are …Question 206: The diagram represents two solutions, P and Q, that were separated by a partially permeable dialysis tubing. partially permeable dialysis t…70 / 94
Question 207: A student weighed a cylinder of potato and then put it into a test-tube containing a salt solution. The potato cylinder was removed from th…Question 208: Certain bacteria develop resistance to an antibiotic by actively transporting the antibiotic out of the cell. This prevents the antibiotic …Question 209: Dialysis (Visking) tubing is an artificial partially permeable membrane with pore sizes of approximately 2.5 nm. Glucose molecules have a d…71 / 94
Question 210: Which of these substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or a channel protein? 1 Ca2+ 2 C…Question 211: Four students, A, B, C and D, observed plant epidermal cells that had been placed in a concentrated sucrose solution for 30 minutes. They w…Question 212: The table compares the surface area to volume ratios of five agar blocks that differ in dimensions but which all have the same volume. The …72 / 94
Question 213: The three main factors that affect the rate of diffusion across a membrane can be expressed by the relationship shown. surface area × conce…Question 214: A student measured the time taken for complete diffusion of a dye into agar blocks of different sizes which were suspended in the dye. The …73 / 94
Question 215: An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of concentration of sucrose solution on cells in a plant tissue. A sample of plant …74 / 94
Question 216: Which row correctly describes all the possible relative concentrations of a substance when the substance is moved by endocytosis or exocyto…Question 217: Which statement about simple diffusion is correct? A It requires specific molecules in the cell surface membrane. B It is a passive mode of…Question 218: Plant cells with the same water potential in their cytoplasm were each put into one of three different concentrations of sugar solution, 10…75 / 94
Question 219: Plant cells were left for 50 minutes in three different sugar solutions, 10%, 5% and 1%. The water potential in the cytoplasm of the three …Question 220: The graph shows the effect of increasing the side length of agar cubes on the surface area and the volume of the cubes. surface 1 area or v…76 / 94
Question 221: The statements are comparisons of endocytosis and exocytosis. ● Both are mechanisms that involve vesicles or vacuoles and the transport of …Question 222: A student was asked to calculate the surface area : volume ratio for an agar cube with a side length of 5.5 mm. Which surface area : volum…Question 223: Sodium ions can enter cells across the cell surface membrane. Which methods could be used by sodium ions to cross a cell surface membrane a…77 / 94
Question 224: The diagram shows how an artificial partially permeable membrane was used to separate a 5% sodium chloride solution and a 10% sodium chlori…78 / 94
Question 225: Agar cubes can be used to demonstrate the effect on diffusion of changing the surface area to volume ratio. Three different agar cubes made…79 / 94
Question 226: The diagram shows how nicotine is transported from the blood plasma into a cell using a type of cotransporter mechanism. protons move down …Question 227: A student observed the effect of two different concentrations of salt solution on blood cells. The student added each concentration of salt…80 / 94
Question 228: Which statement correctly describes facilitated diffusion? A The process only occurs using channel proteins that change shape and that use …Question 229: Which process always takes place without the involvement of energy from ATP? A active transport B endocytosis C exocytosis D facilitated di…Question 230: The diagram shows the entry of molecule X into a cell. molecule X Which row shows a property of molecule X and the effect of the concentrat…81 / 94
Question 231: The electron micrograph shows some human blood cells. X Which row correctly shows the net movement of water by osmosis and the water potent…Question 232: A red indicator solution was mixed with agar and the resulting solid was cut into small cylindrical blocks. The blocks were placed in an ac…82 / 94
Question 233: A red indicator solution was mixed with agar, and the resulting solid was cut into small cuboid blocks. The blocks were placed in an acid w…Question 234: The statements describe some events in the process of exocytosis of glycoprotein molecules. 1 Membrane of the Golgi body folds around glyco…Question 235: Four cylinders that were identical in size, A, B, C and D, were cut from potatoes that had been stored for different lengths of time. The c…83 / 94
Question 236: Carrier proteins in the cell surface membranes of companion cells are involved in the transfer of assimilates to phloem sieve tubes. The di…Question 237: Which diagram shows the correct direction of net water movement between the four cells due to osmosis? key  = water potential A B Ψ = – 40…84 / 94
Question 238: An investigation was carried out into the effect of four different treatments on the permeability of the cell surface membranes and tonopla…Question 239: A mixture of glucose and starch solutions was placed in a length of dialysis (Visking) tubing and the tubing sealed. The tubing was then pl…85 / 94
Question 240: In an experiment, pieces of onion epidermis are put into three different concentrations of sucrose solutions, P, Q and R. The pieces of oni…Question 241: Before mitochondria are extracted from cells for microscopy, they are usually kept in a 0.25 mol dm–3 sucrose solution. Why is the sucrose …Question 242: The photomicrograph shows a type of blood cell. Which statements about these cells are correct? 1 Oxygen diffuses through the phospholipid …86 / 94
Question 243: A student filled dialysis tubing with a sucrose solution and knotted both ends. This formed a cylinder with a length of 5.0 cm and a radius…Question 244: The diagram shows the dimensions of two blocks of agar. The diagram has been drawn to scale. width 30 mm width 10 mm length 20 mm length 15…Question 245: The graph shows how the rate of facilitated diffusion of substance X across a cell surface membrane changed as the concentration of substan…87 / 94
Question 246: Samples X, Y and Z are epidermal tissues cut from an onion. Each epidermal tissue was immersed in one of three different concentrations of …88 / 94
Question 247: The graph shows the results of an osmosis investigation using potato tissue. 20 15 10 5 percentage change 0 in mass 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0…Question 248: Some agar was coloured pink using a pH indicator. The pink agar was then used to make three agar cubes with different dimensions. 2 cm × 2 …89 / 94
Question 249: Antimycin is a chemical that inhibits the function of mitochondria. Which methods of transport across the cell surface membrane could be di…Question 250: A student half filled a beaker with solution X. They placed a sealed Visking tubing bag containing solution Y into the beaker. X Y At 30 mi…Question 251: Which of these substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or channel protein? 1 K+ and Cl …Question 252: Which of these statements about facilitated diffusion are correct? 1 It is limited by the number of transport proteins. 2 It transports mol…90 / 94
Question 253: A cell absorbs amino acids. This cell then synthesises and exports a digestive enzyme. Different cell structures are involved with differen…Question 254: The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate the effect of changing the initial concentration of glucose in the surrounding solution o…Question 255: A sample of healthy plant cells taken from the same tissue is placed in a beaker containing distilled water. The cells change in size. What…91 / 94
Question 256: A student studying surface area to volume ratio and diffusion made a cuboid, S1, using agar stained blue with a pH indicator. The dimension…92 / 94
Question 257: Two test-tubes, labelled X and Y, were set up containing equal volumes of solution X or solution Y respectively. A large number of type P c…Question 258: Which statements about the cell surface membrane are correct? 1 Channel proteins allow water soluble ions and molecules across the membrane…93 / 94
Question 259: The diagram shows two cylinders of agar. The agar cylinders are placed into a solution of dye at the same time. The time taken for the dye …94 / 94

Mark scheme259 answers

Answers below. Sit the paper first if you are practising.

Pastlit

Biology 9700 · Movement into and out of cells — Paper 1

A Level · topical answer key — answer key (teacher use)

Question

Answer

Marks

1C1
2C1
3C1
4B1
5C1
6A1
7D1
8C1
9B1
10B1
11A1
12D1
13C1
14B1
15B1
16C1
17D1
18C1
19B1
20A1
21C1
22D1
23D1
24D1
25D1
26D1
27D1
28D1
29A1
30B1
31A1
32C1
33B1
34A1
35D1
36A1
37B1
38A1
39D1
40B1
41C1
42B1
43D1
44C1
45D1
46C1
47C1
48D1
49D1
1 / 6

Pastlit

Biology 9700 · Movement into and out of cells — Paper 1

A Level · topical answer key — answer key (teacher use)

Question

Answer

Marks

50C1
51A1
52C1
53B1
54D1
55D1
56A1
57A1
58C1
59B1
60B1
61B1
62A1
63A1
64D1
65C1
66B1
67B1
68A1
69B1
70C1
71A1
72B1
73C1
74D1
75C1
76A1
77B1
78C1
79C1
80A1
81D1
82B1
83B1
84C1
85D1
86C1
87D1
88C1
89D1
90A1
91D1
92A1
93D1
94C1
95B1
96B1
97A1
98D1
2 / 6

Pastlit

Biology 9700 · Movement into and out of cells — Paper 1

A Level · topical answer key — answer key (teacher use)

Question

Answer

Marks

99B1
100B1
101B1
102B1
103C1
104C1
105C1
106D1
107C1
108A1
109D1
110D1
111C1
112—1
113—1
114B1
115B1
116C1
117D1
118B1
119A1
120B1
121D1
122C1
123C1
124D1
125B1
126A1
127A1
128C1
129D1
130B1
131A1
132B1
133C1
134B1
135C1
136B1
137B1
138C1
139A1
140A1
141C1
142D1
143A1
144C1
145C1
146D1
147A1
3 / 6

Pastlit

Biology 9700 · Movement into and out of cells — Paper 1

A Level · topical answer key — answer key (teacher use)

Question

Answer

Marks

148B1
149B1
150B1
151A1
152C1
153B1
154D1
155A1
156C1
157D1
158B1
159C1
160D1
161B1
162A1
163A1
164D1
165B1
166D1
167B1
168A1
169A1
170A1
171A1
172A1
173D1
174B1
175B1
176A1
177A1
178D1
179D1
180A1
181D1
182D1
183D1
184D1
185D1
186B1
187C1
188D1
189A1
190B1
191B1
192B1
193A1
194C1
195A1
196A1
4 / 6

Pastlit

Biology 9700 · Movement into and out of cells — Paper 1

A Level · topical answer key — answer key (teacher use)

Question

Answer

Marks

197A1
198B1
199C1
200C1
201D1
202C1
203C1
204C1
205C1
206B1
207A1
208D1
209D1
210D1
211B1
212C1
213C1
214A1
215A1
216B1
217B1
218A1
219C1
220C1
221D1
222D1
223B1
224A1
225C1
226B1
227B1
228B1
229D1
230D1
231C1
232C1
233C1
234B1
235C1
236A1
237A1
238B1
239B1
240D1
241C1
242C1
243C1
244B1
245A1
5 / 6

Pastlit

Biology 9700 · Movement into and out of cells — Paper 1

A Level · topical answer key — answer key (teacher use)

Question

Answer

Marks

246D1
247A1
248D1
249C1
250D1
251D1
252C1
253C1
254D1
255B1
256B1
257D1
258A1
259C1
6 / 6
QuestionAnswerMarksFrom
1C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2004
2C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2004
3C19700/11 May/June 2006
4B19700/11 May/June 2006
5C19700/11 May/June 2006
6A19700/11 May/June 2006
7D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2006
8C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2006
9B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2006
10B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2007
11A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2007
12D19700/11 May/June 2008
13C19700/11 May/June 2008
14B19700/11 May/June 2008
15B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2008
16C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2008
17D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2008
18C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2008
19B19700/12 Oct/Nov 2009
20A19700/12 Oct/Nov 2009
21C19700/12 Oct/Nov 2009
22D19700/12 Oct/Nov 2009
23D19700/11 May/June 2010
24D19700/11 May/June 2010
25D19700/12 May/June 2010
26D19700/12 May/June 2010
27D19700/13 May/June 2010
28D19700/13 May/June 2010
29A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2010
30B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2010
31A19700/12 Oct/Nov 2010
32C19700/12 Oct/Nov 2010
33B19700/11 May/June 2011
34A19700/11 May/June 2011
35D19700/12 May/June 2011
36A19700/12 May/June 2011
37B19700/13 May/June 2011
38A19700/13 May/June 2011
39D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2011
40B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2011
41C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2011
42B19700/13 Oct/Nov 2011
43D19700/13 Oct/Nov 2011
44C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2011
45D19700/11 May/June 2012
46C19700/11 May/June 2012
47C19700/12 May/June 2012
48D19700/12 May/June 2012
49D19700/13 May/June 2012
50C19700/13 May/June 2012
51A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2012
52C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2012
53B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2012
54D19700/12 Oct/Nov 2012
55D19700/12 Oct/Nov 2012
56A19700/12 Oct/Nov 2012
57A19700/13 Oct/Nov 2012
58C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2012
59B19700/11 May/June 2013
60B19700/11 May/June 2013
61B19700/11 May/June 2013
62A19700/11 May/June 2013
63A19700/12 May/June 2013
64D19700/12 May/June 2013
65C19700/12 May/June 2013
66B19700/12 May/June 2013
67B19700/13 May/June 2013
68A19700/13 May/June 2013
69B19700/13 May/June 2013
70C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2013
71A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2013
72B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2013
73C19700/12 Oct/Nov 2013
74D19700/12 Oct/Nov 2013
75C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2013
76A19700/13 Oct/Nov 2013
77B19700/13 Oct/Nov 2013
78C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2013
79C19700/11 May/June 2014
80A19700/11 May/June 2014
81D19700/11 May/June 2014
82B19700/11 May/June 2014
83B19700/12 May/June 2014
84C19700/12 May/June 2014
85D19700/12 May/June 2014
86C19700/13 May/June 2014
87D19700/13 May/June 2014
88C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2014
89D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2014
90A19700/12 Oct/Nov 2014
91D19700/13 Oct/Nov 2014
92A19700/11 May/June 2015
93D19700/12 May/June 2015
94C19700/12 May/June 2015
95B19700/13 May/June 2015
96B19700/13 May/June 2015
97A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2015
98D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2015
99B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2015
100B19700/12 Oct/Nov 2015
101B19700/12 Oct/Nov 2015
102B19700/12 Oct/Nov 2015
103C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2015
104C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2015
105C19700/12 Feb/March 2016
106D19700/11 May/June 2016
107C19700/11 May/June 2016
108A19700/11 May/June 2016
109D19700/12 May/June 2016
110D19700/12 May/June 2016
111C19700/12 May/June 2016
112see sheet19700/13 May/June 2016
113see sheet19700/13 May/June 2016
114B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2016
115B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2016
116C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2016
117D19700/13 Oct/Nov 2016
118B19700/12 Feb/March 2017
119A19700/12 Feb/March 2017
120B19700/11 May/June 2017
121D19700/11 May/June 2017
122C19700/11 May/June 2017
123C19700/12 May/June 2017
124D19700/13 May/June 2017
125B19700/13 May/June 2017
126A19700/12 Oct/Nov 2017
127A19700/13 Oct/Nov 2017
128C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2017
129D19700/12 Feb/March 2018
130B19700/12 Feb/March 2018
131A19700/11 May/June 2018
132B19700/11 May/June 2018
133C19700/11 May/June 2018
134B19700/12 May/June 2018
135C19700/12 May/June 2018
136B19700/12 May/June 2018
137B19700/13 May/June 2018
138C19700/13 May/June 2018
139A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2018
140A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2018
141C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2018
142D19700/12 Oct/Nov 2018
143A19700/12 Oct/Nov 2018
144C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2018
145C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2018
146D19700/12 Feb/March 2019
147A19700/11 May/June 2019
148B19700/11 May/June 2019
149B19700/11 May/June 2019
150B19700/13 May/June 2019
151A19700/13 May/June 2019
152C19700/13 May/June 2019
153B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2019
154D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2019
155A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2019
156C19700/12 Oct/Nov 2019
157D19700/12 Oct/Nov 2019
158B19700/13 Oct/Nov 2019
159C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2019
160D19700/12 Feb/March 2020
161B19700/12 Feb/March 2020
162A19700/12 Feb/March 2020
163A19700/12 Feb/March 2020
164D19700/11 May/June 2020
165B19700/11 May/June 2020
166D19700/12 May/June 2020
167B19700/13 May/June 2020
168A19700/13 May/June 2020
169A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2020
170A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2020
171A19700/13 Oct/Nov 2020
172A19700/12 Feb/March 2021
173D19700/12 Feb/March 2021
174B19700/12 Feb/March 2021
175B19700/11 May/June 2021
176A19700/12 May/June 2021
177A19700/12 May/June 2021
178D19700/12 May/June 2021
179D19700/12 May/June 2021
180A19700/13 May/June 2021
181D19700/13 May/June 2021
182D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2021
183D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2021
184D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2021
185D19700/12 Oct/Nov 2021
186B19700/12 Oct/Nov 2021
187C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2021
188D19700/13 Oct/Nov 2021
189A19700/12 Feb/March 2022
190B19700/12 Feb/March 2022
191B19700/11 May/June 2022
192B19700/11 May/June 2022
193A19700/11 May/June 2022
194C19700/12 May/June 2022
195A19700/12 May/June 2022
196A19700/12 May/June 2022
197A19700/13 May/June 2022
198B19700/13 May/June 2022
199C19700/13 May/June 2022
200C19700/11 Oct/Nov 2022
201D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2022
202C19700/12 Oct/Nov 2022
203C19700/12 Oct/Nov 2022
204C19700/12 Oct/Nov 2022
205C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2022
206B19700/13 Oct/Nov 2022
207A19700/13 Oct/Nov 2022
208D19700/13 Oct/Nov 2022
209D19700/12 Feb/March 2023
210D19700/12 Feb/March 2023
211B19700/11 May/June 2023
212C19700/11 May/June 2023
213C19700/12 May/June 2023
214A19700/12 May/June 2023
215A19700/12 May/June 2023
216B19700/13 May/June 2023
217B19700/13 May/June 2023
218A19700/13 May/June 2023
219C19700/12 Oct/Nov 2023
220C19700/12 Oct/Nov 2023
221D19700/13 Oct/Nov 2023
222D19700/13 Oct/Nov 2023
223B19700/12 Feb/March 2024
224A19700/12 Feb/March 2024
225C19700/12 Feb/March 2024
226B19700/11 May/June 2024
227B19700/11 May/June 2024
228B19700/11 May/June 2024
229D19700/12 May/June 2024
230D19700/12 May/June 2024
231C19700/12 May/June 2024
232C19700/12 May/June 2024
233C19700/13 May/June 2024
234B19700/13 May/June 2024
235C19700/13 May/June 2024
236A19700/13 May/June 2024
237A19700/11 Oct/Nov 2024
238B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2024
239B19700/12 Oct/Nov 2024
240D19700/12 Oct/Nov 2024
241C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2024
242C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2024
243C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2024
244B19700/12 Feb/March 2025
245A19700/12 Feb/March 2025
246D19700/12 May/June 2025
247A19700/12 May/June 2025
248D19700/12 May/June 2025
249C19700/13 May/June 2025
250D19700/13 May/June 2025
251D19700/14 May/June 2025
252C19700/14 May/June 2025
253C19700/14 May/June 2025
254D19700/14 May/June 2025
255B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2025
256B19700/11 Oct/Nov 2025
257D19700/11 Oct/Nov 2025
258A19700/13 Oct/Nov 2025
259C19700/13 Oct/Nov 2025

Another paper, or another topic

Paper
Paper 1259 questionsPaper 2questions comingPaper 4questions comingPaper 5questions coming

All of Cell membranes and transport →

Questions as text

Q1 · The diagram shows a plant cell 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2004

17 The diagram shows a plant cell. The plant cell is put into a solution with a water potential less negative (higher) than the cell contents. What will happen to the appearance of the cell? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2004

Q2 · Which structures are present in large numbers at sites of active transport? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2004

18 Which structures are present in large numbers at sites of active transport? A Golgi bodies B lysosomes C mitochondria D rough endoplasmic reticulum

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2004

Q3 · Which adaptation would increase the efficiency of active transport of carbohydrates from… 9700/11 May/June 2006

4 Which adaptation would increase the efficiency of active transport of carbohydrates from a plant cell? A areas where the cell wall is thin B increased permeability of the cell wall C large surface area of the cell surface membrane D selective permeability of the vacuole membrane

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2006

Q4 · Which statement defines active transport? 9700/11 May/June 2006

15 Which statement defines active transport? A movement of large molecules through the cell surface membrane into the cytoplasm of a cell B movement of molecules or ions from where they are in a low concentration to where they are in a higher concentration C movement of molecules or ions from where they are in a high concentration to where they are in a lower concentration D net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water potential to one of lower water potential

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2006

Q5 · Which pair of factors is inversely proportional to the rate of diffusion? 9700/11 May/June 2006

16 Which pair of factors is inversely proportional to the rate of diffusion? A concentration gradient and size of diffusing molecule B distance over which diffusion occurs and surface area over which diffusion occurs C size of diffusing molecule and distance over which diffusion occurs D surface area over which diffusion occurs and concentration gradient

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2006

Q6 · When cylinders of potato tissue were immersed in a 0.35 mol dm–3 sucrose solution, they… 9700/11 May/June 2006

17 When cylinders of potato tissue were immersed in a 0.35 mol dm–3 sucrose solution, they showed no change in mass. What will happen when cylinders are immersed in a 0.1 mol dm–3 sucrose solution? A The pressure potential of the cells will become more positive. B The solute potential of the cell will become more negative. C The water potential of the cells will become more negative. D The water potential of the solution will become less negative.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2006

Q7 · The diagram shows part of a cell surface membrane 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2006

14 The diagram shows part of a cell surface membrane. P Q R What is the correct function for each of the structures labelled? regulates forms hydrogen bonds with transports ions and membrane fluidity water to stabilise membrane large polar molecules A R R Q B P Q R C Q R P D R P Q

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2006

Q8 · Strips of potato tuber tissue were immersed in distilled water or in sucrose solutions of… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2006

15 Strips of potato tuber tissue were immersed in distilled water or in sucrose solutions of different concentrations. The graph shows the percentage change in length of the strips. 20 distilled water 0.1 mol dm _3 10 change in length 0 of strips / % 0.4 mol dm _3 _10 _20 0 1 2 3 4 5 time / hours Which statement explains the change that occurred in the potato strips immersed in 0.1 mol dm–3 sucrose solution? A Sucrose molecules diffused into the potato cells. B Sucrose molecules were actively transported into the potato cells. C The water potential of the sucrose solution was less negative than the water potential inside the cells. D The water potential of the sucrose solution was more negative than the water potential inside the cells.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2006

Q9 · Which process would allow the movement of large protein molecules out of the cell? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2006

16 Which process would allow the movement of large protein molecules out of the cell? A active transport B exocytosis C facilitated diffusion D phagocytosis

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2006

Q10 · Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2007

15 Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Their lengths were measured before immersion and after 30 minutes. The graph shows the ratio of initial length to final length. 1.4 1.2 1.0 initial length final length 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 sucrose concentration / mol dm–3 What is a correct description of the change in the cells and in their water potential as the sucrose concentration increases? change in the cells change in the water potential A more turgid less negative B less turgid more negative C more turgid more negative D less turgid less negative

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2007

Q11 · The graph shows rates of simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion, of substance X… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2007

16 The graph shows rates of simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion, of substance X across a cell surface membrane, as the concentration of substance X increases. simple diffusion rate of facilitated diffusion diffusion / arbitrary units concentration of substance X Why does the rate of facilitated diffusion level off whereas the rate of simple diffusion does not? A Facilitated diffusion is limited by the number of protein channels in the membrane. B Facilitated diffusion is limited by the number of protein pumps in the membrane. C Facilitated diffusion requires ATP which will eventually be used up. D Only facilitated diffusion is affected by the kinetic energy of the molecules that are diffusing.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2007

Q12 · The diagram shows a cell from the gut 9700/11 May/June 2008

14 The diagram shows a cell from the gut. The cell produces protease enzymes. What is correct? enzymes released by ATP needed A endocytosis no B endocytosis yes C exocytosis no D exocytosis yes

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2008

Q13 · Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different… 9700/11 May/June 2008

16 Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Their lengths were measured before immersion and after 30 minutes in the different solutions. The graph shows the ratio of initial length to final length. 1.04 1.02 1.00 initial length final length 0.98 0.96 0.94 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 sucrose concentration / mol dm–3 Which concentration of sucrose solution, in mol dm–3, has the same water potential as the cell sap before immersion? A 0.1 B 0.25 C 0.45 D 0.8

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2008

Q14 · The diagram shows three routes through which substances can pass across a cell membrane 9700/11 May/June 2008

17 The diagram shows three routes through which substances can pass across a cell membrane. X Y Z Which correctly shows the routes for vitamin D, which is fat soluble, and vitamin C, which is water soluble? vitamin D vitamin C A Y X B X Z C X Y D Z Y

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2008

Q15 · The water potential of three adjacent plant cells is shown 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

13 The water potential of three adjacent plant cells is shown. X Y –250 kPa –1000 kPa Z –4000 kPa In which direction will water move? A from cell X to cell Y and then cell Z only B from cell X to both cells Y and Z C from cell Z to cell Y and then cell X only D from cell Z to both cells Y and X

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

Q16 · The table shows three processes that contribute to transport across cell surface membranes 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

14 The table shows three processes that contribute to transport across cell surface membranes. Which processes are the result of random movement of molecules? diffusion endocytosis osmosis A x x x B x v v Cc v x v D v v x < I key qj I random non random

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

Q17 · The epithelial cells of people with cystic fibrosis have a defect in the structure of the… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

15 The epithelial cells of people with cystic fibrosis have a defect in the structure of the cell surface membrane. The ability of the cell to transport chloride ions out of the cell is affected. Which membrane component is involved? A cholesterol B glycolipid C phospholipid D protein

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

Q18 · Four solutions, with different water potentials are listed 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

23 Four solutions, with different water potentials are listed. 1 endodermal cell solution 2 root hair cell solution 3 soil water solution 4 solution in a xylem vessel Which list has the solutions in order from the highest (least negative) water potential to the lowest (most negative) water potential? highest lowest A 1 2 3 4 B 2 4 1 3 C 3 2 1 4 D 4 1 3 2

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

Q19 · The diagram shows a red blood cell and the concentrations of ions, in mmol dm−3, in the… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

14 The diagram shows a red blood cell and the concentrations of ions, in mmol dm−3, in the plasma and in the cell. Na+ 15 K+ 150 Cl 73 Na+ 144 K+ 5 Cl 111 Which ions are actively transported into and out of the cell? into cell out of cell A Cl − K+ B K+ Na+ C Na+ Cl − D Na+ K+

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

Q20 · Diagrams 1 and 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when moved from… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

15 Diagrams 1 and 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when moved from one solution W to a different solution Y. X X W Y diagram 1 diagram 2 How has the water potential changed in diagram 2? difference in cells at X in solution Y compared to difference in solution Y the same cells in compared to solution W solution W A less negative less negative B less negative more negative C more negative less negative D more negative more negative

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

Q21 · Cystic fibrosis is a disease where Cl – ions are unable to be transported into cells 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

17 Cystic fibrosis is a disease where Cl – ions are unable to be transported into cells. Which structure in the cell surface membrane is faulty? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

Q22 · The diagram shows the changes in pressure potential (ΨP), solute potential (ΨS) and water… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

27 The diagram shows the changes in pressure potential (ΨP), solute potential (ΨS) and water potential (Ψ) when a plasmolysed plant cell is placed in pure water. + X kPa 0 time Y Z – Which shows the correct curves for each potential? X Y Z A Ψ ΨP ΨS B ΨP ΨS Ψ C ΨS Ψ ΨP D ΨP Ψ ΨS

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

Q23 · Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 9700/11 May/June 2010

17 Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 2 and 4 only B 1, 2 and 3 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2010

Q24 · Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown 9700/11 May/June 2010

18 Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown. 1 2 3 4 5 Which cells were placed in which solution? 1.0 mol dm–3 sucrose 0.1 mol dm–3 salt solution A 1 and 2 3 and 5 B 1 and 4 3 C 2 and 4 1 and 3 D 3 and 5 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2010

Q25 · Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 9700/12 May/June 2010

4 Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 2 and 4 only B 1, 2 and 3 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2010

Q26 · Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown 9700/12 May/June 2010

5 Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown. 1 2 3 4 5 Which cells were placed in which solution? 1.0 mol dm–3 sucrose 0.1 mol dm–3 salt solution A 1 and 2 3 and 5 B 1 and 4 3 C 2 and 4 1 and 3 D 3 and 5 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2010

Q27 · Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown 9700/13 May/June 2010

6 Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown. 1 2 3 4 5 Which cells were placed in which solution? 1.0 mol dm–3 sucrose 0.1 mol dm–3 salt solution A 1 and 2 3 and 5 B 1 and 4 3 C 2 and 4 1 and 3 D 3 and 5 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2010

Q28 · Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 9700/13 May/June 2010

33 Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 2 and 4 only B 1, 2 and 3 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2010

Q29 · The stalk of a dandelion is a hollow tube 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2010

16 The stalk of a dandelion is a hollow tube. Pieces of the stalk are cut as shown and placed in sucrose solutions of different water potentials. thick walled outer cells hollow centre of stalk cuts thin walled inner cells Which diagram shows the piece that is placed in the sucrose solution with the highest water potential? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2010

Q30 · In an investigation, four sucrose solutions were separated from each other by partially… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2010

17 In an investigation, four sucrose solutions were separated from each other by partially permeable membranes. 1 1.1 mol dm–3 2 0.8 mol dm–3 3 0.5 mol dm–3 4 0.1 mol dm–3 Which shows the direction in which water will move between the solutions? A from 1 and 2 to 3 and 4 B from 2 and 3 to 1 C from 1 to 3 D from 2 to 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2010

Q31 · The diagram shows the transport of ions across the cell surface membrane 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2010

13 The diagram shows the transport of ions across the cell surface membrane. Inside the cell there is a low concentration of sodium ions (Na+) and a high concentration of potassium ions (K+). Outside the cell there is a low concentration of K+ and a high concentration of Na+. The carrier molecule is a pump which exchanges Na+ for K+ ions. inside cell 2 1 cell surface membrane 4 carrier 3 molecule outside cell Which ionic movements are represented by the arrows? active transport active transport diffusion of Na+ diffusion of K+ of K+ of Na+ A 2 3 1 4 B 2 3 4 1 C 3 2 1 4 D 3 2 4 1

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2010

Q32 · Plant cells were immersed in solutions of different water potential and left for one hour 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2010

14 Plant cells were immersed in solutions of different water potential and left for one hour. Which row shows the effect of the different solutions on the plant cells? water potential of solution compared to plant cells less negative equal more negative A flaccid turgid unchanged B flaccid unchanged turgid C turgid unchanged flaccid D unchanged flaccid turgid

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2010

Q33 · What supports the view that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? 9700/11 May/June 2011

16 What supports the view that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? A It allows movement of molecules across a membrane if concentration differences exist. B It can only function if mitochondria are supplied with sufficient oxygen. C It has a tertiary structure with a binding site with a specific shape. D It is found in the cell surface membranes and the mitochondrial membranes.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2011

Q34 · Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different… 9700/11 May/June 2011

17 Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Their lengths were measured before immersion and after 30 minutes. The graph shows the ratio of initial length to final length. 1.4 1.2 1.0 initial length final length 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 sucrose concentration / mol dm–3 What is a correct description of the change in the cells and in their water potential as the sucrose concentration increases? change in the cells change in the water potential A less turgid more negative B less turgid less negative C more turgid less negative D more turgid more negative

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2011

Q35 · Visking tubing is an artificial partially permeable membrane used to demonstrate diffusion 9700/12 May/June 2011

3 Visking tubing is an artificial partially permeable membrane used to demonstrate diffusion. Glucose molecules can pass through the pores in the membrane which are approximately 2.4 nm in diameter. Which of the following could pass through the pores? 1 bacteria 2 haemoglobin 3 ribosomes 4 glycogen A 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 4 only D none of these

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2011

Q36 · When cylinders of potato tissue were immersed in a 0.35 mol dm–3 sucrose solution, they… 9700/12 May/June 2011

17 When cylinders of potato tissue were immersed in a 0.35 mol dm–3 sucrose solution, they showed no change in mass. What will happen when cylinders are immersed in a 0.1 mol dm–3 sucrose solution? A The pressure potential of the cells will become more positive. B The solute potential of the cell will become more negative. C The water potential of the cells will become more negative. D The water potential of the solution will become less negative.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2011

Q37 · What supports the view that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? 9700/13 May/June 2011

12 What supports the view that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? A It allows movement of molecules across a membrane if concentration differences exist. B It can only function if mitochondria are supplied with sufficient oxygen. C It has a tertiary structure with a binding site with a specific shape. D It is found in the cell surface membranes and the mitochondrial membranes.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2011

Q38 · Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different… 9700/13 May/June 2011

14 Strips of plant tissue were immersed in a range of sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Their lengths were measured before immersion and after 30 minutes. The graph shows the ratio of initial length to final length. 1.4 1.2 1.0 initial length final length 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 sucrose concentration / mol dm–3 What is a correct description of the change in the cells and in their water potential as the sucrose concentration increases? change in the cells change in the water potential A less turgid more negative B less turgid less negative C more turgid less negative D more turgid more negative

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2011

Q39 · Single-celled animals that live in fresh water have a vacuole that contracts regularly to… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

14 Single-celled animals that live in fresh water have a vacuole that contracts regularly to remove excess water. Single-celled plants that live in fresh water do not have a similar vacuole. Which statement explains why only these animals need this vacuole? A Plant cell cytoplasm and animal cell cytoplasm both have a lower water potential than fresh water. B Plant cell sap has the same water potential as fresh water, animal cytoplasm has a lower water potential than fresh water. C Plant cell walls are impermeable to water, animal cell surface membranes are permeable to water. D Plant cell walls restrict the entry of water, animal cell membranes allow the free entry of water.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

Q40 · Which statement defines active transport? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

15 Which statement defines active transport? A movement of large molecules through the cell surface membrane into the cytoplasm of a cell B movement of molecules or ions from where they are in a low concentration to where they are in a higher concentration C movement of molecules or ions from where they are in a high concentration to where they are in a lower concentration D net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water potential to one of lower water potential

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

Q41 · Which statements about the components of the cell surface membrane are correct? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

16 Which statements about the components of the cell surface membrane are correct? 1 Diffusion can take place through lipids and protein pores. 2 Endocytosis only involves lipids. 3 Facilitated diffusion only involves proteins. 4 Osmosis only involves proteins. A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 3 and 4 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

Q42 · Which statement defines active transport? 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

24 Which statement defines active transport? A movement of large molecules through the cell surface membrane into the cytoplasm of a cell B movement of molecules or ions from where they are in a low concentration to where they are in a higher concentration C movement of molecules or ions from where they are in a high concentration to where they are in a lower concentration D net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water potential to one of lower water potential

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

Q43 · Single-celled animals that live in fresh water have a vacuole that contracts regularly to… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

25 Single-celled animals that live in fresh water have a vacuole that contracts regularly to remove excess water. Single-celled plants that live in fresh water do not have a similar vacuole. Which statement explains why only these animals need this vacuole? A Plant cell cytoplasm and animal cell cytoplasm both have a lower water potential than fresh water. B Plant cell sap has the same water potential as fresh water, animal cytoplasm has a lower water potential than fresh water. C Plant cell walls are impermeable to water, animal cell surface membranes are permeable to water. D Plant cell walls restrict the entry of water, animal cell membranes allow the free entry of water.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

Q44 · Which statements about the components of the cell surface membrane are correct? 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

26 Which statements about the components of the cell surface membrane are correct? 1 Diffusion can take place through lipids and protein pores. 2 Endocytosis only involves lipids. 3 Facilitated diffusion only involves proteins. 4 Osmosis only involves proteins. A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 3 and 4 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

Q45 · Which of the following ways of moving substances across cell surface membranes allows… 9700/11 May/June 2012

15 Which of the following ways of moving substances across cell surface membranes allows movement in both directions? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 2 only B 1 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2012

Q46 · The graphs show the rate of uptake of sugars by a culture of animal cells, under… 9700/11 May/June 2012

16 The graphs show the rate of uptake of sugars by a culture of animal cells, under different conditions. air bubbled through the culture 3-carbon sugar rate of uptake 6-carbon sugar 0 0 10 20 30 temperature / °C nitrogen gas bubbled through the culture 3-carbon sugar rate of uptake 0 6-carbon sugar 0 10 20 30 temperature / °C How are the sugars taken up by the cells when air is bubbled through the culture? 3-carbon sugar 6-carbon sugar A active transport active transport B active transport diffusion C diffusion active transport D diffusion diffusion

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2012

Q47 · The following are all processes by which substances can enter a cell 9700/12 May/June 2012

15 The following are all processes by which substances can enter a cell. 1 endocytosis 2 facilitated diffusion 3 osmosis Which processes are passive? A 2 only B 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2012

Q48 · The diagram shows the water potential of three adjacent plant cells 9700/12 May/June 2012

16 The diagram shows the water potential of three adjacent plant cells. –1200 kPa –800 kPa –1000 kPa In which directions will there be net movement of water by osmosis? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2012

Q49 · Which of the following ways of moving substances across cell surface membranes allows… 9700/13 May/June 2012

10 Which of the following ways of moving substances across cell surface membranes allows movement in both directions? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 2 only B 1 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2012

Q50 · The graphs show the rate of uptake of sugars by a culture of animal cells, under… 9700/13 May/June 2012

11 The graphs show the rate of uptake of sugars by a culture of animal cells, under different conditions. air bubbled through the culture 3-carbon sugar rate of uptake 6-carbon sugar 0 0 10 20 30 temperature / °C nitrogen gas bubbled through the culture 3-carbon sugar rate of uptake 0 6-carbon sugar 0 10 20 30 temperature / °C How are the sugars taken up by the cells when air is bubbled through the culture? 3-carbon sugar 6-carbon sugar A active transport active transport B active transport diffusion C diffusion active transport D diffusion diffusion

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2012

Q51 · The graph shows how the rate of entry of glucose into a cell changes as the concentration… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2012

16 The graph shows how the rate of entry of glucose into a cell changes as the concentration of glucose outside the cell changes. X rate of entry of glucose into the cell concentration of glucose outside the cell What is the cause of the plateau at X? A All the carrier proteins are saturated with glucose. B The carrier proteins are denatured and no longer able to function. C The cell has used up its supply of ATP. D The concentrations of glucose inside and outside the cell are equal.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2012

Q52 · A molecule can enter a cell by two different passive processes 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2012

17 A molecule can enter a cell by two different passive processes. Which process would increase the rate at which this molecule enters the cells? A diffusion B endocytosis C facilitated diffusion D osmosis

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2012

Q53 · The photograph shows a type of blood cell 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2012

30 The photograph shows a type of blood cell. Which statements about these cells are correct? 1 Oxygen diffuses through the phospholipid bilayer. 2 Sodium ions diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer. 3 Water passes in and out of these cells by osmosis. A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2012

Q54 · Which role of the cell surface membrane is not a result of the properties of the… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2012

15 Which role of the cell surface membrane is not a result of the properties of the phospholipids? A to allow cytokinesis to occur in mitotic cell division B to allow entry and exit of the water-soluble gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide C to allow phagocytosis of a bacterium into cells D to allow surface membranes to stabilise by binding with water molecules

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2012

Q55 · Which processes that move substances across cell surface membranes result in an… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2012

17 Which processes that move substances across cell surface membranes result in an equilibrium? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 1, 2 and 3 only B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 2, 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2012

Q56 · Diagrams 1 and 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when moved from… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2012

18 Diagrams 1 and 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when moved from one solution W to a different solution Y. X X W Y diagram 1 diagram 2 How has the water potential changed in diagram 2? difference in cells at X in solution Y compared to difference in solution Y the same cells in compared to solution W solution W A less negative less negative B less negative more negative C more negative less negative D more negative more negative

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2012

Q57 · The graph shows how the rate of entry of glucose into a cell changes as the concentration… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2012

15 The graph shows how the rate of entry of glucose into a cell changes as the concentration of glucose outside the cell changes. X rate of entry of glucose into the cell concentration of glucose outside the cell What is the cause of the plateau at X? 1 All the carrier proteins are saturated with glucose. 2 The cell has used up its supply of ATP. 3 The concentrations of glucose inside and outside the cell are equal. A 1 only B 3 only C 1 and 2 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2012

Q58 · The following are all processes by which substances can enter cells 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2012

16 The following are all processes by which substances can enter cells. 1 phagocytosis 2 active transport 3 facilitated diffusion Which processes require ATP? A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 2 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2012

Q59 · Which process allows the movement of molecules that are too large to enter through a cell… 9700/11 May/June 2013

17 Which process allows the movement of molecules that are too large to enter through a cell surface membrane? A active transport B endocytosis C exocytosis D facilitated diffusion

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2013

Q60 · The diagram shows the water potential of three cells 9700/11 May/June 2013

18 The diagram shows the water potential of three cells. cell X –700 kPa –800 kPa –1000 kPa In which directions will there be net movement of water by osmosis to or from cell X? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2013

Q61 · The diagram shows a xerophytic leaf in different conditions, P and Q 9700/11 May/June 2013

25 The diagram shows a xerophytic leaf in different conditions, P and Q. X X P Q Which statements about the cells in layer X of the leaf in each of the conditions P and Q are correct? 1 less negative water potential in P than Q 2 cells may be turgid in P and plasmolysed in Q 3 cells less turgid in P than Q 4 no net diffusion of water into X in either P or Q A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1 and 4 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2013

Q62 · Halophytes are plants that can survive in regions where they are regularly exposed to sea… 9700/11 May/June 2013

28 Halophytes are plants that can survive in regions where they are regularly exposed to sea water. Sea water has a water potential of approximately –2500 kPa. What adaptations would you expect halophytes to show? 1 root hair cells that maintain a more negative water potential than sea water 2 root hair cells that accumulate salts and other solutes 3 stomata that are open most of the time A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2013

Q63 · An animal cell and a plant cell are placed in distilled water 9700/12 May/June 2013

6 An animal cell and a plant cell are placed in distilled water. The animal cell swells and bursts, while the plant cell swells but does not burst. What accounts for this difference? A Animal cells have no cell wall. B Animal cells have no vacuole. C Plant cell surface membranes are partially permeable. D Plant cell walls are freely permeable.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2013

Q64 · The diagram shows a cell that produces protease enzymes 9700/12 May/June 2013

17 The diagram shows a cell that produces protease enzymes. Which row is correct? enzymes released by ATP needed A endocytosis no B endocytosis yes C exocytosis no D exocytosis yes

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2013

Q65 · The diagram shows two identical plant cells 9700/12 May/June 2013

18 The diagram shows two identical plant cells. One plant cell is put into a solution with a water potential less negative than the cell contents. The other is put into a solution with a water potential more negative than the cell contents. What will happen to the appearance of each cell? water potential of solution water potential of solution surrounding cell less surrounding cell more negative than cell contents negative than cell contents A B C D

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2013

Q66 · The diagram shows how sucrose is loaded into a sieve tube element 9700/12 May/June 2013

27 The diagram shows how sucrose is loaded into a sieve tube element. companion cell sieve tube element 1 hydrogen ions move out of the companion cell 3 sucrose molecules move into sucrose molecules move into sucrose molecules move into the sieve tube element the sieve tube element the sieve tube element hydrogen ions move into the companion cell 2 sucrose molecules move into the companion cell What type of transport is used to move the substances in steps 1, 2 and 3? 1 2 3 A active transport active transport diffusion B active transport facilitated diffusion diffusion C facilitated diffusion active transport active transport D facilitated diffusion facilitated diffusion active transport

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2013

Q67 · Which process would allow the movement of large protein molecules out of the cell? 9700/13 May/June 2013

17 Which process would allow the movement of large protein molecules out of the cell? A active transport B exocytosis C facilitated diffusion D phagocytosis

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2013

Q68 · Strips of potato tissue were immersed in distilled water or in sucrose solutions of… 9700/13 May/June 2013

18 Strips of potato tissue were immersed in distilled water or in sucrose solutions of different concentrations. The graph shows the percentage change in length of the potato tissue over time. 20 distilled water 10 0.1 mol dm _3 sucrose solution percentage change in 0 length _10 _3 0.5 mol dm sucrose solution _20 0 1 2 3 4 5 time / hours Which row correctly shows how the water potentials of the distilled water and sucrose solutions differ from the initial water potential of the potato tissue? distilled 0.1 mol dm–3 0.5 mol dm–3 water sucrose solution sucrose solution A less negative less negative more negative B less negative more negative more negative C more negative less negative less negative D more negative more negative less negative

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2013

Q69 · The diagram shows a xerophytic leaf in different conditions, P and Q 9700/13 May/June 2013

26 The diagram shows a xerophytic leaf in different conditions, P and Q. X X P Q Which statements describe the difference between the cells in layer X in conditions P and Q? 1 More negative water potential in P than Q. 2 More cells plasmolysed in P. 3 Cells less turgid in Q. 4 Water potential becomes zero in Q. A 1, 2 and 3 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 4 only D 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2013

Q70 · What are the features of facilitated diffusion? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2013

14 What are the features of facilitated diffusion? uses proteins molecules move down a in membrane uses ATP concentration gradient A v v v B x v v Cc v x v D v v x key: JY correct X incorrect

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2013

Q71 · The stalk of a dandelion flower is a hollow tube 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2013

15 The stalk of a dandelion flower is a hollow tube. Pieces of the stalk are cut as shown and placed in sucrose solutions of different water potentials. thick walled outer cells hollow centre of stalk cuts thin walled inner cells Which diagram shows the piece that is placed in the sucrose solution with the highest water potential? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2013

Q72 · What happens to an animal cell when it is placed in a solution with a more negative water… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2013

16 What happens to an animal cell when it is placed in a solution with a more negative water potential? A It loses solutes to the solution and swells. B It loses water by osmosis and shrinks. C It takes in solutes and swells. D It takes in water by osmosis and bursts.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2013

Q73 · Many single-celled animals, living in fresh water, possess vacuoles which contract… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2013

5 Many single-celled animals, living in fresh water, possess vacuoles which contract regularly, expelling excess water. Why do the cells of plants living in fresh water not require such vacuoles? A Plant cells have a higher concentration of dissolved solutes than animal cells. B Plant cell walls are impermeable to water. C Plant cell walls limit cell size. D Water movement into plants is controlled by their roots.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2013

Q74 · Which statements are descriptions of both facilitated diffusion and active transport? 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2013

15 Which statements are descriptions of both facilitated diffusion and active transport? 1 moves substances against a concentration gradient 2 requires ATP 3 transports charged ions across the cell surface membrane 4 uses proteins A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2013

Q75 · When mitochondria are extracted from cells for biochemical study, they are usually kept… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

5 When mitochondria are extracted from cells for biochemical study, they are usually kept in a 0.25 mol dm–3 sucrose solution. Why is the sucrose solution used? A to act as a solvent B to enable the rate of reaction of the mitochondria to be determined C to prevent the mitochondria from changing in structure D to provide a source of energy

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

Q76 · Which processes that contribute to transport across cell surface membranes are active or… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

14 Which processes that contribute to transport across cell surface membranes are active or passive? endocytosis | exocytosis facilitated osmosis diffusion A v v x x key B v x v x ¥ =active Cc Xx v Xx v X = passive D x x v v

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

Q77 · In an investigation, four sucrose solutions were separated from each other by partially… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

15 In an investigation, four sucrose solutions were separated from each other by partially permeable membranes. solution 1 1.1 mol dm–3 solution 2 0.8 mol dm–3 solution 3 0.5 mol dm–3 solution 4 0.1 mol dm–3 Which shows the direction in which water will move between the solutions? A from 1 and 2 to 3 and 4 B from 2, 3 and 4 to 1 C from 1 to 3 to 2 and 4 D from 1, 2 and 3 to 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

Q78 · The diagram shows a partially plasmolysed plant cell 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

16 The diagram shows a partially plasmolysed plant cell. solution X Z solution Y What is found at Z? A air B solution X C solution Y D water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

Q79 · Which adaptation would increase active transport of carbohydrates from a plant cell? 9700/11 May/June 2014

3 Which adaptation would increase active transport of carbohydrates from a plant cell? A areas where the cell wall is thin B increased permeability of the cell wall C large surface area of the cell surface membrane D selective permeability of the vacuole membrane

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2014

Q80 · The fluidity of the cell surface membrane can be changed by a number of factors 9700/11 May/June 2014

14 The fluidity of the cell surface membrane can be changed by a number of factors. As the fluidity of cell surface membranes decreases, which process would be least changed? A active transport B diffusion C endocytosis D osmosis

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2014

Q81 · Which is correct for facilitated diffusion and active transport? 9700/11 May/June 2014

16 Which is correct for facilitated diffusion and active transport? A both depend on the solubility of the transported molecule in the lipid bilayer B both increase as the concentration of the transported molecule increases C both require the use of ATP D both require the use of membrane proteins

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2014

Q82 · Which features increase the efficiency of ion uptake by a root hair cell? 9700/11 May/June 2014

17 Which features increase the efficiency of ion uptake by a root hair cell? 1 many mitochondria in the cell 2 high concentration of ions in the vacuole 3 protein carriers in the cell surface membrane A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2014

Q83 · The drug ritonavir is sometimes used in the treatment of HIV / AIDS 9700/12 May/June 2014

13 The drug ritonavir is sometimes used in the treatment of HIV / AIDS. Ritonavir consists of three amino acids and is a competitive inhibitor of HIV protease. HIV causes this protease to be made inside human cells. Ritonavir produces many side effects as it interferes with many metabolic processes in human cells. Which statements about ritonavir are correct? 1 Ritonavir has a shape complementary to the active site of HIV protease. 2 Ritonavir will enter human cells directly through the lipid bilayer and not require any transport proteins. 3 Ritonavir is likely to inhibit many of the enzymes of human cells. 4 Complete hydrolysis of ritonavir would require the addition of three water molecules. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2014

Q84 · The diagram shows a plant cell 9700/12 May/June 2014

16 The diagram shows a plant cell. The plant cell is put into a solution with a water potential less negative than the cell contents. What will happen to the appearance of the cell? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2014

Q85 · In the lungs, oxygen and carbon dioxide pass through cell membranes by diffusion 9700/12 May/June 2014

30 In the lungs, oxygen and carbon dioxide pass through cell membranes by diffusion. Which row is correct? number of cell membranes diffused through by oxygen from air carbon dioxide to air A 3 2 B 3 2 or 3 C 5 4 D 5 4 or 5

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2014

Q86 · What are the features of facilitated diffusion? 9700/13 May/June 2014

17 What are the features of facilitated diffusion? 1 It uses protein channels in the membrane and is driven by the energy from ATP. 2 It moves molecules from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration and is driven by the kinetic energy of the molecules which are diffusing. 3 It uses protein channels in the membrane, and the maximum rate of diffusion depends on the number of these channels. A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2014

Q87 · Single-celled animals that live in fresh water have a vacuole that contracts regularly to… 9700/13 May/June 2014

18 Single-celled animals that live in fresh water have a vacuole that contracts regularly to remove excess water. Single-celled plants that live in fresh water do not have a similar vacuole. Which statement explains why these animals need this vacuole but plants do not? A Plant cell cytoplasm and animal cell cytoplasm both have a lower water potential than fresh water. B Plant cell sap has the same water potential as fresh water, animal cytoplasm has a lower water potential than fresh water. C Plant cell walls are impermeable to water, animal cell surface membranes are permeable to water. D Plant cell walls restrict the entry of water, animal cell membranes allow the entry of water.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2014

Q88 · The diagram shows three routes, X, Y and Z, through which substances can pass across a… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2014

14 The diagram shows three routes, X, Y and Z, through which substances can pass across a cell surface membrane. X Y Z Which correctly shows the routes for vitamin D, which is fat soluble, and vitamin C, which is water soluble? vitamin D vitamin C A Y X B X Y C X Z D Z Y

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2014

Q89 · In plants adapted to cold conditions, their cell surface membranes change as the weather… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2014

15 In plants adapted to cold conditions, their cell surface membranes change as the weather gets colder, allowing the plants to carry out exocytosis. Which change occurs in their cell surface membranes? A a decrease in the ratio of proteins to saturated phospholipids B a decrease in the ratio of unsaturated phospholipids to saturated phospholipids C an increase in the ratio of proteins to unsaturated phospholipids D an increase in the ratio of unsaturated phospholipids to saturated phospholipids

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2014

Q90 · The diagram shows four plant cells 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2014

26 The diagram shows four plant cells. 1 4 2 3 In which direction could there be net movement of water by osmosis? A 1 to 2 and 1 to 4 B 1 to 3 and 1 to 2 C 2 to 1 and 1 to 4 D 4 to 1 and 2 to 3

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2014

Q91 · The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate the effect of changing the… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2014

16 The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate the effect of changing the concentration of glucose in the surrounding solution on the movement of molecules through a selectively permeable membrane (Visking tubing) in 15 minutes. Visking tubing surrounding solution 10% glucose different concentrations solution from 1% to 10% glucose solution As the concentration of glucose solution in the surrounding solution increases, which statements are correct? 1 Net diffusion of water increases. 2 Glucose molecules reach an equilibrium quicker. 3 There is less change in the volume of surrounding solution. 4 Net diffusion of glucose increases. A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2014

Q92 · The diagram shows the transport of ions across the cell surface membrane 9700/11 May/June 2015

16 The diagram shows the transport of ions across the cell surface membrane. Inside the cell there is a low concentration of sodium ions (Na+) and a high concentration of potassium ions (K+). Outside the cell there is a low concentration of K+ and a high concentration of Na+. The carrier molecule is a pump which exchanges Na+ for K+. inside cell 2 1 cell surface membrane 4 carrier 3 molecule outside cell Which ionic movements are represented by the arrows? active transport active transport diffusion of Na+ diffusion of K+ of K+ of Na+ A 2 3 1 4 B 2 3 4 1 C 3 2 1 4 D 3 2 4 1

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2015

Q93 · Which description of cell surface membrane permeability is correct? 9700/12 May/June 2015

15 Which description of cell surface membrane permeability is correct? A An increase in the concentration of cholesterol molecules in the cell surface membrane can increase its permeability to hydrophilic substances. B Cell surface membrane permeability to large hydrophilic molecules is high and can be increased by membrane transport proteins involved in facilitated diffusion. C The permeability of the cell surface membrane to ions is increased with an increase in the proportion of saturated fatty acids in the phospholipids. D Without the presence of carrier and channel membrane proteins, the cell surface membrane has a low permeability to large polar molecules.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2015

Q94 · The diagram represents a cell surface membrane 9700/12 May/June 2015

16 The diagram represents a cell surface membrane. high concentration of substance 1 2 3 low concentration of substance Three pathways through the membrane are shown. Which process is represented by each arrow? 1 2 3 A active transport diffusion facilitated diffusion B diffusion active transport facilitated diffusion C diffusion facilitated diffusion active transport D facilitated diffusion diffusion active transport

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2015

Q95 · What supports the view that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? 9700/13 May/June 2015

15 What supports the view that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? A It allows movement of molecules across a membrane if concentration differences exist. B It can only function if mitochondria are supplied with sufficient oxygen. C It has a tertiary structure with a binding site with a specific shape. D It is found in the cell surface membranes and the mitochondrial membranes.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2015

Q96 · The graph shows the effect of increasing the concentration of glucose in a solution on… 9700/13 May/June 2015

16 The graph shows the effect of increasing the concentration of glucose in a solution on the rate of entry of glucose into a cell. X rate of entry of glucose into the cell 00 concentration of glucose in solution What are not causes of the plateau at X? 1 All the carrier proteins are saturated with glucose. 2 The carrier proteins are denatured and no longer able to function. 3 The cell has used up its supply of ATP. 4 The concentrations of glucose inside and outside the cell are equal. A 1, 2 and 4 B 2, 3 and 4 C 2 and 3 only D 1 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2015

Q97 · Which descriptions are correct about transport across cell surface membranes? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2015

15 Which descriptions are correct about transport across cell surface membranes? active processes passive processes A endocytosis and exocytosis diffusion and osmosis B exocytosis and facilitated diffusion osmosis and endocytosis C facilitated diffusion exocytosis and osmosis D facilitated diffusion and exocytosis endocytosis and diffusion

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2015

Q98 · The statements are comparisons of endocytosis and exocytosis 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2015

16 The statements are comparisons of endocytosis and exocytosis. • Both are mechanisms that involve vesicles or vacuoles and the transport of materials across the cell surface membrane. • Both mechanisms occur to allow bulk transport across the cell surface membrane. • Endocytosis involves taking materials into the cell whereas exocytosis involves the release of materials from the cell. • Some of the cell surface membrane is lost when endocytosis occurs and there is an increase in the cell surface membrane when exocytosis occurs. How many of the statements are correct? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2015

Q99 · The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate the effect of putting a 10 % glucose… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2015

17 The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate the effect of putting a 10 % glucose solution in a selectively permeable bag (Visking tubing) and surrounding it with water. water 10% glucose solution Samples from the surrounding water were tested with Benedict’s solution after 10 minutes and after 20 minutes. The change in volume of glucose solution was observed after 20 minutes. Which row is correct? result of Benedict’s test volume of glucose solution in Visking tubing / cm3 after 10 minutes after 20 minutes A green blue increased B green orange increased C red orange decreased D yellow green decreased

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2015

Q100 · Which descriptions are correct for transport across cell surface membranes? 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2015

15 Which descriptions are correct for transport across cell surface membranes? active processes passive processes A active transport exocytosis and osmosis B endocytosis and exocytosis facilitated diffusion and osmosis C exocytosis and active transport osmosis and endocytosis D facilitated diffusion and exocytosis endocytosis and diffusion

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2015

Q101 · The stages of an investigation using plant tissue are listed below 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2015

16 The stages of an investigation using plant tissue are listed below. ● A freshly cut slice of plant tissue was rinsed in distilled water, dried and weighed. ● This slice was placed in a solution with a water potential of – 4 arbitrary units for thirty minutes. ● The slice was removed from the solution, dried and reweighed. ● The mass of the slice was the same as its original mass. Which conclusions can be drawn from this investigation? 1 The water potential of the cells of the plant tissue is – 4 arbitrary units. 2 The cell sap of the plant tissue has a lower water potential than the surrounding solution. 3 There has been no net movement of water. 4 The cell wall of the plant tissue will not be in contact with the cell membrane. A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2015

Q102 · What explains the effect on a red blood cell of being placed into pure water? 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2015

17 What explains the effect on a red blood cell of being placed into pure water? A Less water leaves the cell than enters it, so the cell shrinks. B More water enters the cell than leaves it, so the cell swells and bursts. C Water enters the cell and none leaves it, so the cell swells and bursts. D Water enters the cell and more leaves it, so the cell shrinks.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2015

Q103 · Which descriptions are correct about transport across cell surface membranes? 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2015

15 Which descriptions are correct about transport across cell surface membranes? active processes passive processes A active transport exocytosis and osmosis B active transport and exocytosis endocytosis and diffusion C endocytosis and exocytosis diffusion and osmosis D exocytosis and active transport osmosis and endocytosis

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2015

Q104 · The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate diffusion 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2015

17 The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate diffusion. selectively 20% glucose permeable solution membrane Y 10% glucose solution in V What shows net diffusion of glucose and water molecules? A glucose and water into V B glucose and water into Y C glucose into V and water into Y D glucose into Y and water into V

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2015

Q105 · Antimycin is a chemical that inhibits the function of mitochondria 9700/12 Feb/March 2016

15 Antimycin is a chemical that inhibits the function of mitochondria. Which methods of transport across the cell surface membrane would be inhibited by antimycin? 1 active transport 2 facilitated diffusion 3 endocytosis A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2016

Q106 · Visking tubing is an artificial partially permeable membrane used to demonstrate diffusion 9700/11 May/June 2016

4 Visking tubing is an artificial partially permeable membrane used to demonstrate diffusion. Glucose molecules can pass through the pores in the membrane which are approximately 2.4 nm in diameter. Which of the following could pass through the pores? 1 bacteria 2 haemoglobin 3 ribosomes 4 glycogen A 1 and 3 B 2 and 4 C 2 only D none of the above

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2016

Q107 · The diagram represents a cell surface membrane of a metabolically active cell and the… 9700/11 May/June 2016

15 The diagram represents a cell surface membrane of a metabolically active cell and the direction of movement of some molecules through the membrane. 1 2 3 4 Which row shows a process by which the molecules may be moving through the membrane at each of the points 1, 2, 3 and 4? 1 2 3 4 A carbon dioxide water by osmosis glucose by sodium ions by by diffusion diffusion active transport B fatty acids oxygen by carbon dioxide water by osmosis by diffusion diffusion by diffusion C sodium ions by carbon dioxide water by osmosis glucose by active transport by diffusion facilitated diffusion D water by osmosis oxygen by fatty acids glucose by diffusion by diffusion active transport

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2016

Q108 · Batrachotoxin is a poison found in frogs in the Columbian jungle 9700/11 May/June 2016

16 Batrachotoxin is a poison found in frogs in the Columbian jungle. The poison is used by Native Indians to produce poison darts. The poison works by increasing the permeability of some cell surface membranes to sodium ions, which move out of the cells. Which statements are correct for cells affected by batrachotoxin? 1 The intracellular fluid has a less negative water potential than the extracellular fluid. 2 The extracellular fluid has a less negative water potential than the intracellular fluid. 3 Water leaves the cells by osmosis, causing the cells to shrink. 4 Water enters the cells by osmosis, causing the cells to swell. A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2016

Q109 · Which statements about active transport are always correct? 9700/12 May/June 2016

14 Which statements about active transport are always correct? 1 It does not require a membrane. 2 It occurs against the concentration gradient. 3 It moves oxygen molecules. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 3 only C 1 only D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2016

Q110 · There is a high concentration of molecule X outside the cell which enters the cell by… 9700/12 May/June 2016

15 There is a high concentration of molecule X outside the cell which enters the cell by facilitated diffusion. The results of measuring the concentration of X inside the cell at 30 s intervals are shown by the graph. concentration of X inside cell 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 time / s Why does the concentration of X inside the cell remain constant after 150 s? 1 There is no more of X outside the cell. 2 The number of carrier proteins is limiting. 3 There is no net movement of X. A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2016

Q111 · The photograph shows a type of blood cell 9700/12 May/June 2016

31 The photograph shows a type of blood cell. Which statements about these cells are correct? 1 Oxygen diffuses through the phospholipid bilayer. 2 Sodium ions diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer. 3 Water passes in and out of these cells by osmosis. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2016

Q112 · Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier… 9700/13 May/June 2016

15 Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or channel protein? 1 Ca2+ and Na+ 2 O2 3 C6H12O6 A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2016

Q113 · Which statements about endocytosis are correct? 9700/13 May/June 2016

16 Which statements about endocytosis are correct? 1 It is a process requiring energy in the form of ATP. 2 Phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis. 3 Substances brought into a cell by endocytosis are enclosed in a small vacuole. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2016

Q114 · Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2016

15 Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or channel protein? 1 CO2 2 Ca2+ and Na+ 3 H2O A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2016

Q115 · Which statements about the proteins in cell surface membranes are correct? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2016

16 Which statements about the proteins in cell surface membranes are correct? 1 They can be involved in active transport and facilitated diffusion. 2 They can be involved in antigen recognition. 3 They have hydrophilic R groups to interact with the inner portion of the membrane. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2016

Q116 · The following are all processes by which substances can enter a cell 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2016

15 The following are all processes by which substances can enter a cell. 1 endocytosis 2 facilitated diffusion 3 osmosis Which processes are passive? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2016

Q117 · Equal volumes of five concentrations of sodium chloride solution were placed into five… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2016

16 Equal volumes of five concentrations of sodium chloride solution were placed into five containers. An identical piece of plant tissue was placed into each container and left for 48 hours. The plant tissues were removed and the volumes of the sodium chloride solution were accurately measured. The results are shown below. 1.5 1.0 0.5 change in volume of 0 solution / cm3 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.80 0.80 0.80 1.00 1.00 1.00 –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 concentration of sodium chloride / mol dm–3 Which statements explain the results from 0.80 to 1.00 mol dm–3 sodium chloride? 1 There was no net movement of water into or out of the plant tissues. 2 The plant root tissues had a water potential of zero. 3 The plant tissues were fully plasmolysed. A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2016

Q118 · The cells in the roots of beetroot plants contain a red pigment 9700/12 Feb/March 2017

17 The cells in the roots of beetroot plants contain a red pigment. When pieces of root tissue are soaked in cold water, some of the red pigment leaks out of the cells into the water. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of temperature on the loss of red pigment from the root cells. It was found that the higher the temperature of the water, the higher the rate of loss of red pigment from the root cells. Which of these statements could explain this trend? 1 Enzymes in the cells denature as the temperature increases, so the pigment can no longer be used for reactions inside the cells and diffuses out. 2 As the temperature increases, the tertiary structure of protein molecules in the cell surface membrane changes, increasing the permeability of the membrane. 3 Phospholipid molecules gain kinetic energy as temperature rises, increasing the fluidity of the phospholipid bilayer and allowing pigment molecules to diffuse out more easily. A 1 and 2 B 2 and 3 C 2 only D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2017

Q119 · The diagram shows two pathways, X and Y, through which molecules can diffuse across a… 9700/12 Feb/March 2017

19 The diagram shows two pathways, X and Y, through which molecules can diffuse across a cell surface membrane. X Y Which row correctly shows possible pathways for lipids, water and glucose? lipids water glucose A X only X and Y Y only B X only Y only Y only C X and Y X only X and Y D X and Y X and Y X only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2017

Q120 · What describes a carrier protein in cell surface membranes? 9700/11 May/June 2017

17 What describes a carrier protein in cell surface membranes? A a glycoprotein that is found on the outer surface of the membranes allowing cell recognition B a glycoprotein that is involved in moving substances through the membranes by both active and passive transport C a protein that allows the attachment of signalling molecules which brings about changes within the cell D a protein that is involved in moving substances through the membranes by passive transport through water-filled pores

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2017

Q121 · What could happen to a typical bacterium when it is placed in surroundings which have a… 9700/11 May/June 2017

18 What could happen to a typical bacterium when it is placed in surroundings which have a less negative water potential than that inside the cell? A The bacterium will burst because the cell wall has no structural function. B The bacterium will die since water leaves the cell by osmosis. C There is no change because the cell wall is impermeable to water. D There will be a net movement of water into the bacterium.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2017

Q122 · By which process do hydrogencarbonate ions leave red blood cells? 9700/11 May/June 2017

19 By which process do hydrogencarbonate ions leave red blood cells? A active transport B endocytosis C facilitated diffusion D phagocytosis

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2017

Q123 · The diagram shows a plant cell 9700/12 May/June 2017

14 The diagram shows a plant cell. The plant cell is put into a solution with a water potential less negative than the cell contents. What will happen to the appearance of the cell? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2017

Q124 · Which row is correct for facilitated diffusion of molecules or ions into a cell? 9700/13 May/June 2017

13 Which row is correct for facilitated diffusion of molecules or ions into a cell? A ATP required movement against the membrane protein concentration gradient required B ATP required movement down the membrane protein concentration gradient not required C ATP not required movement against the membrane protein concentration gradient not required D ATP not required movement down the membrane protein concentration gradient required

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2017

Q125 · The diagram represents an experiment where two solutions, P and Q, were separated by a… 9700/13 May/June 2017

14 The diagram represents an experiment where two solutions, P and Q, were separated by a partially permeable membrane. partially permeable membrane solution P solution Q What is correct about the initial movement of the molecules , and between the two solutions, P and Q? net movement net movement no net from Q to P from P to Q movement A B C D

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2017

Q126 · The graph shows how the rate of entry of substance X into a cell changes as the… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2017

18 The graph shows how the rate of entry of substance X into a cell changes as the concentration of substance X outside the cell increases. rate of entry of substance X concentration of substance X outside the cell The diagram shows part of a cell surface membrane. 1 2 3 Which pathways could substance X use to enter the cell? A 1 and 2 B 1 only C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2017

Q127 · Which of these processes allow movement in both directions across cell surface membranes? 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2017

17 Which of these processes allow movement in both directions across cell surface membranes? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2017

Q128 · Which row describes osmosis across a cell surface membrane? 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2017

19 Which row describes osmosis across a cell surface membrane? moves molecule molecule uses energy down a concentration moved from ATP gradient A solute Jv Jv key B solute v x JY = correct Cc solvent x v X = incorrect D solvent x x

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2017

Q129 · Which of these substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using… 9700/12 Feb/March 2018

18 Which of these substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or a channel protein? 1 Ca2+ 2 CO2 3 C6H12O6 A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2018

Q130 · Companion cells use ATP to move hydrogen ions out of the cell and co-transporter proteins… 9700/12 Feb/March 2018

19 Companion cells use ATP to move hydrogen ions out of the cell and co-transporter proteins to allow hydrogen ions to return with sucrose molecules. Which two processes are involved in this movement? A active transport and diffusion B active transport and facilitated diffusion C exocytosis and diffusion D exocytosis and facilitated diffusion

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2018

Q131 · Which statements about the cell surface membrane are correct? 9700/11 May/June 2018

14 Which statements about the cell surface membrane are correct? 1 Channel proteins allow water soluble ions and molecules across the membrane. 2 Glucose can pass into the cell via carrier proteins. 3 Oxygen passes freely through the membrane as it is soluble in lipids. 4 Some glycoproteins act as antigens. A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 3 and 4 only C 1 and 2 only D 2, 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2018

Q132 · Which of these features increase the efficiency of ion uptake by a root hair cell? 9700/11 May/June 2018

15 Which of these features increase the efficiency of ion uptake by a root hair cell? 1 many mitochondria in the cell 2 high concentration of ions in the vacuole 3 protein carriers in the cell surface membrane A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 3 only C 1 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2018

Q133 · The diagrams show the shape and size of two types of cell 9700/11 May/June 2018

17 The diagrams show the shape and size of two types of cell. 50 μm 45 μm 10 μm 5 μm 10 μm 10 μm palisade mesophyll cell columnar epithelial cell surface area = 2200 μm2 volume = 2250 μm3 Which statement is correct about the palisade cell and epithelial cell shown in the diagrams? A An increase in surface area reduces the distance for gases to reach the centre of the cell. B The surface area of the palisade mesophyll cell is 500 µm2 greater than the columnar epithelial cell. C The surface area to volume ratio is greater in the columnar epithelial cell than the palisade mesophyll cell. D The volume of the palisade mesophyll cell is 2500 µm3 greater than that of the columnar epithelial cell.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2018

Q134 · The formula shows how the rate of diffusion across a cell surface membrane can be… 9700/12 May/June 2018

15 The formula shows how the rate of diffusion across a cell surface membrane can be calculated. surface area × difference in concentrat ion thickness of membrane Which row shows how the fastest rate of diffusion can be achieved? surface area difference in thickness of available concentration membrane A high high high B high high low C low high low D low low high

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2018

Q135 · The diagram shows part of the cell surface membrane of an active animal cell 9700/12 May/June 2018

16 The diagram shows part of the cell surface membrane of an active animal cell. more negative water potential X L M less negative water potential Y Which statements correctly describe the net movement of molecules across this membrane? 1 Oxygen diffuses through molecules M from X to Y. 2 Carbon dioxide diffuses through molecules M from X to Y. 3 Water moves from Y to X through molecule L. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2018

Q136 · Some epidermal cells from a well-watered plant are placed in three solutions which have… 9700/12 May/June 2018

17 Some epidermal cells from a well-watered plant are placed in three solutions which have different water potentials. Which row correctly shows the state of the plant cells in each of the solutions? water potential of solution lower than cells equal to cells higher than cells A plasmolysed turgid plasmolysed B plasmolysed turgid turgid C turgid plasmolysed plasmolysed D turgid plasmolysed turgid

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2018

Q137 · Which processes use energy in the form of ATP? 9700/13 May/June 2018

17 Which processes use energy in the form of ATP? 1 endocytosis 2 exocytosis 3 facilitated diffusion A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2018

Q138 · The diagram shows a partially plasmolysed plant cell 9700/13 May/June 2018

18 The diagram shows a partially plasmolysed plant cell. solution X Z solution Y What is found at Z? A air B solution X C solution Y D water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2018

Q139 · The diagram shows the transport of ions across the cell surface membrane 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2018

16 The diagram shows the transport of ions across the cell surface membrane. Inside the cell there is a low concentration of sodium ions (Na+) and a high concentration of potassium ions (K+). Outside the cell there is a low concentration of K+ and a high concentration of Na+. The carrier molecule is a pump which exchanges Na+ for K+. inside cell 2 1 cell surface membrane 4 carrier 3 molecule outside cell Which ionic movements are represented by the arrows? active transport active transport diffusion diffusion of K+ of Na+ of Na+ of K+ A 2 3 1 4 B 2 3 4 1 C 3 2 1 4 D 3 2 4 1

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2018

Q140 · The indicator cresol red changes from red to yellow when put into an acid 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2018

17 The indicator cresol red changes from red to yellow when put into an acid. Some blocks of agar containing cresol red were cut to different sizes and put in an acid. All other variables were kept constant. The blocks were measured in mm. Which block became completely yellow most quickly? A 3 × 30 × 30 B 6 × 6 × 6 C 6 × 12 × 12 D 12 × 12 × 12

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2018

Q141 · When red blood cells are put into pure water they burst (haemolysis) 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2018

18 When red blood cells are put into pure water they burst (haemolysis). Which statements explain this haemolysis? 1 The water potential of the surrounding liquid is lower than the water potential of the contents of the red blood cell. 2 The cell surface membranes of red blood cells are not supported by cell walls. 3 More water moves into the red blood cells by osmosis than leaves the cells. 4 Water enters the red blood cells by osmosis but does not leave the cells. A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2018

Q142 · How could water molecules cross the cell surface membrane of animal cells? 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2018

17 How could water molecules cross the cell surface membrane of animal cells? 1 carrier proteins 2 channel proteins 3 cholesterol molecules A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2018

Q143 · Agar cubes can be used to demonstrate the effect of changing surface area to volume ratio… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2018

19 Agar cubes can be used to demonstrate the effect of changing surface area to volume ratio on diffusion. Three different agar cubes made using a dilute acid were placed into an indicator solution that diffused into the cubes. When the indicator came into contact with the acid it changed colour. The cubes were 1 cm3, 2 cm3 and 3 cm3 and were left in the indicator solution for 10 minutes. All other variables were kept the same. The results were recorded as diagrams. The results for the 2 cm3 cube are shown. cube changed colour not to original colour to a depth of 0.5 cm scale Which diagrams represent the results for the 1 cm3 and the 3 cm3 cubes? not to scale cube changed colour cube changed colour A completely to a depth of 0.5 cm 1 cm3 3 cm3 cube changed colour cube changed colour B completely to a depth of 1 cm 1 cm3 3 cm3 cube changed colour cube changed colour C to a depth of 0.25 cm to a depth of 0.5 cm 1 cm3 3 cm3 cube changed colour cube changed colour D to a depth of 0.25 cm to a depth of 1 cm 1 cm3 3 cm3

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2018

Q144 · Which statement describes endocytosis? 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2018

18 Which statement describes endocytosis? A movement across a membrane against the concentration gradient and requiring energy B movement across a membrane down the concentration gradient using a carrier molecule C movement across a membrane into a cell using a vesicle and requiring energy D movement across a membrane using a vesicle and requiring no energy

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2018

Q145 · An indicator is colourless in acid and pink in alkali 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2018

19 An indicator is colourless in acid and pink in alkali. In an experiment a petri dish of agar was prepared using an acidic solution of this indicator. A disc of agar 1 cm in diameter was removed from the centre to create a well. A white card showing circular marker lines 1 cm apart was placed underneath the petri dish. 1 cm3 alkali solution was put into the well in the agar and a stop-watch was started. A circular disc of pink colour appeared and spread through the agar. It reached the first marker line in a short time but took longer to reach the second marker line and a very long time to reach the third marker line. What explains these observations? A facilitated diffusion of alkali solution B facilitated diffusion of the indicator C simple diffusion of alkali solution D simple diffusion of the indicator

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2018

Q146 · Which statements about the movement of water in and out of cells are correct? 9700/12 Feb/March 2019

17 Which statements about the movement of water in and out of cells are correct? 1 Water moves from regions of more negative water potential to regions of less negative water potential. 2 Water can cross cell membranes by passing through channel proteins. 3 Water can pass through cellulose cell walls. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2019

Q147 · The graph shows how the rate of entry of glucose into a cell changes as the concentration… 9700/11 May/June 2019

15 The graph shows how the rate of entry of glucose into a cell changes as the concentration of glucose outside the cell changes. X rate of entry of glucose into the cell concentration of glucose outside the cell What is the cause of the plateau at X? A All the carrier proteins are saturated with glucose. B The carrier proteins are denatured and no longer able to function. C The cell has used up its supply of ATP. D The concentrations of glucose inside and outside the cell are equal.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2019

Q148 · The diagram shows the movement of substance Z across a cell surface membrane 9700/11 May/June 2019

16 The diagram shows the movement of substance Z across a cell surface membrane. Z outside cell membrane Z Z inside cell time Which process is involved in this movement? A endocytosis B exocytosis C phagocytosis D pinocytosis

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2019

Q149 · Visking tubing is often used as a model during experiments to investigate osmosis in… 9700/11 May/June 2019

17 Visking tubing is often used as a model during experiments to investigate osmosis in plants. What could Visking tubing be used to represent? cell surface cell wall tonoplast membrane v v v v v x x v key / = represents X = does not represent

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2019

Q150 · The cell surface membranes of some cells are largely made up of phospholipids and… 9700/13 May/June 2019

18 The cell surface membranes of some cells are largely made up of phospholipids and cholesterol, with few proteins. Which transport mechanisms will be reduced across these membranes? 1 facilitated diffusion 2 active transport 3 diffusion A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2019

Q151 · A student weighed a cylinder of potato and then put it into a test-tube containing a salt… 9700/13 May/June 2019

20 A student weighed a cylinder of potato and then put it into a test-tube containing a salt solution. The potato cylinder was removed from the salt solution after one hour. It was blotted dry and then reweighed. The student recorded that the potato had lost mass. Which row shows the correct explanation for the results the student collected? water potential condition of the of the potato cells potato cells before soaking after soaking A higher plasmolysed B higher turgid C lower plasmolysed D lower turgid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2019

Q152 · Irrigating crop plants with water containing low concentrations of salt causes an… 9700/13 May/June 2019

30 Irrigating crop plants with water containing low concentrations of salt causes an increase in the concentration of salt in the soil. What explains why the increase in salt concentration eventually kills the crop? water potential water potential direction of water in roots in soil movement A ↓ into the roots key B ↑ into the soil solution ↑ = water potential increases C ↓ out of the roots ↓ = water potential decreases D ↑ into the roots

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2019

Q153 · Which statement suggests that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2019

15 Which statement suggests that a membrane protein is involved in active transport? A It allows movement of molecules across a membrane if concentration differences exist. B It can only function if mitochondria are supplied with sufficient oxygen. C It has a tertiary structure with a binding site with a specific shape. D It is found in the cell surface membranes and the mitochondrial membranes.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2019

Q154 · Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes and do not use a… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2019

17 Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes and do not use a carrier protein or channel protein? 1 K+ and Cl – 2 CO2 3 C6H12O6 A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2019

Q155 · A student put a layer of plant epidermal cells on a microscope slide 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2019

18 A student put a layer of plant epidermal cells on a microscope slide. The student put a drop of potassium nitrate solution on the layer of cells and observed that: • the cell surface membrane of many of the cells had separated from the cell wall • the cytoplasm and cell contents had shrunk. What explains these observations? direction of net water water potential of cells water potential of movement at start / kPa solution at start / kPa A cells to solution –100 –500 B cells to solution –500 –100 C solution to cells –100 –500 D solution to cells –500 –100

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2019

Q156 · The photomicrograph shows the appearance of onion epidermal cells after they have been… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2019

18 The photomicrograph shows the appearance of onion epidermal cells after they have been soaked in solution X for one hour. Y What fills the space labelled Y? A air B cytoplasm C solution X D water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2019

Q157 · Equal sized potato pieces were placed into a test-tube and covered with a sucrose solution 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2019

19 Equal sized potato pieces were placed into a test-tube and covered with a sucrose solution. The test tube was left for 30 minutes. All other variables were controlled. After 30 minutes, the potato piece had not changed in size. What can be concluded from this result? A The concentration of sucrose is the same in the potato and in the solution and there is no more movement of water into or out of the potato. B The concentration of sucrose is the same in the potato and in the solution and there is no net movement of water into the potato. C The water potential is the same in the potato and in the sucrose solution and there is no more movement of water into or out of the potato. D The water potential is the same in the potato and in the sucrose solution and there is no net movement of water into or out of the potato.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2019

Q158 · Which pair of factors is inversely proportional to the rate of diffusion? 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2019

15 Which pair of factors is inversely proportional to the rate of diffusion? A concentration gradient and surface area over which diffusion occurs B distance over which diffusion occurs and size of diffusing molecule C size of diffusing molecule and concentration gradient D surface area over which diffusion occurs and distance over which diffusion occurs

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2019

Q159 · Raisins are dried fruit that contain high concentrations of sugar 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2019

16 Raisins are dried fruit that contain high concentrations of sugar. Which row is correct when raisins are first put into water? water potential in the raisin direction of water movement compared to surrounding water A less negative into the raisin B less negative out of the raisin C more negative into the raisin D more negative out of the raisin

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2019

Q160 · Which description of cell surface membrane permeability is correct? 9700/12 Feb/March 2020

15 Which description of cell surface membrane permeability is correct? A An increase in the concentration of cholesterol molecules in the cell surface membrane can increase its permeability to hydrophilic substances. B Cell surface membrane permeability to large hydrophilic molecules is high and can be increased by membrane transport proteins involved in facilitated diffusion. C The permeability of the cell surface membrane to ions increases as the proportion of saturated fatty acid chains in the phospholipids increases. D Without the presence of carrier and channel membrane proteins, the cell surface membrane has a low permeability to large polar molecules.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2020

Q161 · Which transport mechanism within a cell can occur in the absence of membranes? 9700/12 Feb/March 2020

16 Which transport mechanism within a cell can occur in the absence of membranes? A active transport B diffusion C facilitated diffusion D osmosis

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2020

Q162 · A student measured the time taken for complete diffusion of a dye into agar blocks of… 9700/12 Feb/March 2020

17 A student measured the time taken for complete diffusion of a dye into agar blocks of different sizes. The results are shown in the table. size of agar block time for / mm × mm × mm diffusion / s 5 × 5 × 5 6.2 10 × 10 × 10 16.1 15 × 15 × 15 34.5 5 × 10 × 15 What is the predicted time for complete diffusion of the dye into the agar block measuring 5 mm × 10 mm × 15 mm? A 6.2 s B 16.1 s C 34.5 s D more than 34.5 s

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2020

Q163 · A plant cell with a water potential of –600 kPa was placed in a solution with a water… 9700/12 Feb/March 2020

18 A plant cell with a water potential of –600 kPa was placed in a solution with a water potential of –410 kPa for 10 minutes. Which row is correct? net movement water potential effect on cell of water of cell A into cell becomes higher becomes turgid B into cell becomes lower bursts C out of cell becomes higher swells D out of cell becomes lower becomes plasmolysed

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2020

Q164 · The diagram shows a cell surface membrane 9700/11 May/June 2020

15 The diagram shows a cell surface membrane. 2 3 1 4 Which statements about the labelled molecules in the membrane are correct? ● 1 is involved in the diffusion of ions. ● 2 is involved in facilitated diffusion. ● 3 is involved in the recognition of antigens. ● 4 is involved in membrane fluidity. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 3 only C 1 and 4 D 2 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2020

Q165 · Equal sized potato pieces were placed into test-tubes containing equal volumes of… 9700/11 May/June 2020

16 Equal sized potato pieces were placed into test-tubes containing equal volumes of different concentrations of sucrose solution and left for 30 minutes. All other variables were controlled. After 30 minutes, the potato piece in one of the concentrations of sucrose solution had not changed in size. What can be concluded from this result? 1 There is no net movement of water into or out of the potato. 2 The water potential of the potato is the same as the water potential of the sucrose solution. 3 The concentration of sucrose in the potato is the same as the concentration of the sucrose solution. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2020

Q166 · What are the features of facilitated diffusion? 9700/12 May/June 2020

18 What are the features of facilitated diffusion? 1 It uses protein channels in the membrane and is driven by the energy from ATP. 2 It moves molecules from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration and is driven by the kinetic energy of the molecules which are diffusing. 3 It uses protein channels in the membrane, and the maximum rate of diffusion depends on the number of these channels. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2020

Q167 · Blocks of agar are stained with a pH indicator and used to investigate the diffusion of… 9700/13 May/June 2020

15 Blocks of agar are stained with a pH indicator and used to investigate the diffusion of an acid solution. Which block would completely change colour the fastest? A 1mm × 1mm × 1 mm B 1mm × 0.25mm × 0.25 mm C 1mm × 0.5mm × 0.5 mm D 2mm × 0.5mm × 0.5 mm

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2020

Q168 · The diagram shows the water potential of three adjacent plant cells, P, Q and R 9700/13 May/June 2020

16 The diagram shows the water potential of three adjacent plant cells, P, Q and R. P –198 kPa Q –224 kPa R –212 kPa Which shows the net movement of water between cells P, Q and R? A P → Q and P → R and R → Q B P → Q and P → R C Q → P and Q → R and R → P D Q → P and R → P

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2020

Q169 · Which processes can allow transport into or out of a cell? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2020

16 Which processes can allow transport into or out of a cell? 1 active transport 2 facilitated diffusion 3 osmosis A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2020

Q170 · Plant cells were put into one of three different concentrations of sugar solution, 10%… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2020

17 Plant cells were put into one of three different concentrations of sugar solution, 10%, 5% and 2.5%. The cells were left for 50 minutes and then observed using a light microscope. cell X cell Y cell Z vacuole Which statements are correct? 1 Cell Y had a lower water potential than the sugar solution it was put into. 2 Cell Z was put into the 10% sugar solution. 3 Cell Z had a less negative water potential than the sugar solution it was put into. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2020

Q171 · Solute X is at a higher concentration outside a cell than in the cytoplasm 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2020

16 Solute X is at a higher concentration outside a cell than in the cytoplasm. Which processes may allow solute X to be moved through the cell surface membrane? A active transport, diffusion and facilitated diffusion B active transport, diffusion and osmosis C diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis D exocytosis, facilitated diffusion and osmosis

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2020

Q172 · Diagram 1 and diagram 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when the… 9700/12 Feb/March 2021

15 Diagram 1 and diagram 2 show how the transverse section through a leaf changes when the leaf is moved from solution X to solution Y. leaf solution X solution Y diagram 1 diagram 2 Which row describes the water potential of the leaf cells and surrounding solutions in diagram 2 compared with diagram 1? water potential of leaf cells water potential of solution Y in diagram 2 compared with compared with water water potential of leaf cells potential of solution X in diagram 1 A less negative less negative B less negative more negative C more negative less negative D more negative more negative

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2021

Q173 · Which features must always be present for water to move between two solutions by osmosis? 9700/12 Feb/March 2021

16 Which features must always be present for water to move between two solutions by osmosis? 1 carrier proteins 2 cell surface membrane 3 selectively permeable membrane 4 water potential gradient A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 3 and 4 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2021

Q174 · When living pancreatic cells were placed in a solution of a red stain called neutral red… 9700/12 Feb/March 2021

17 When living pancreatic cells were placed in a solution of a red stain called neutral red, the cytoplasm became red. The cells were then removed from the solution of neutral red. The red stain in the cytoplasm moved into vesicles, which were exported from the cell, eventually leaving the cell colourless. Which transport mechanisms could explain how the red stain entered and left the cells? A active transport and facilitated diffusion B diffusion and exocytosis C facilitated diffusion and endocytosis D osmosis and exocytosis

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2021

Q175 · The diagram shows a xerophytic leaf in different conditions, P and Q 9700/11 May/June 2021

26 The diagram shows a xerophytic leaf in different conditions, P and Q. Y Y P Q Which statements describe the difference between the cells in layer Y in conditions P and Q? 1 more negative water potential in P than Q 2 more cells plasmolysed in P 3 cells less turgid in Q 4 water potential becomes zero in Q A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2021

Q176 · Which roles of the cell surface membrane result from the properties of the phospholipids? 9700/12 May/June 2021

14 Which roles of the cell surface membrane result from the properties of the phospholipids? 1 to allow cytokinesis to occur in mitotic cell division 2 to allow entry and exit of oxygen and carbon dioxide 3 to allow the phagocytosis of a bacterium into a cell A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2021

Q177 · Which factors can be changed to affect the rate of facilitated diffusion across a cell… 9700/12 May/June 2021

15 Which factors can be changed to affect the rate of facilitated diffusion across a cell surface membrane? 1 the surface area of the membrane 2 the concentration gradient 3 the number of specific protein channels A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2021

Q178 · The diagram shows an experiment using a model cell to investigate the movement of… 9700/12 May/June 2021

16 The diagram shows an experiment using a model cell to investigate the movement of substances. membrane permeable model cell to monosaccharides and water solution containing 0.03 mol dm–3 sucrose 0.02 mol dm–3 glucose solution containing 0.01 mol dm–3 sucrose 0.01 mol dm–3 glucose Which statements are correct? 1 There is net movement of sucrose out of the model cell. 2 There is net movement of glucose out of the model cell. 3 There is net movement of water into the model cell. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2021

Q179 · How many times must a molecule of carbon dioxide pass through a cell surface membrane as… 9700/12 May/June 2021

34 How many times must a molecule of carbon dioxide pass through a cell surface membrane as it diffuses from the plasma, through a cell in the capillary wall, into an alveolus? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2021

Q180 · An indicator mixed with agar forms a pink colour 9700/13 May/June 2021

16 An indicator mixed with agar forms a pink colour. The pink-coloured agar becomes colourless when put in acid. Blocks of pink-coloured agar are cut to different sizes and put in acid. All other variables are kept constant. Which block becomes colourless most quickly? A 3 mm  30 mm  30 mm B 6 mm  6 mm  6 mm C 6 mm  12 mm  12 mm D 12 mm  12 mm  12 mm

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2021

Q181 · Three identical plant cells were put into one of three different concentrations of sugar… 9700/13 May/June 2021

17 Three identical plant cells were put into one of three different concentrations of sugar solution, 10%, 5% and 2.5%. The cells were left for 50 minutes and then observed using a light microscope. cell X cell Y cell Z vacuole Which statement is not correct? A Cell X has the same water potential as the sugar solution it was put into. B Cell Y is turgid and cell Z is plasmolysed. C Cell Y was put into the 2.5% sugar solution. D Cell Z had a more negative water potential than the sugar solution it was put into.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2021

Q182 · Some enzymes are produced in the cells of the pancreas 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2021

15 Some enzymes are produced in the cells of the pancreas. The enzymes are secreted when required. Which process is used to transport these enzymes out of the cells of the pancreas? A active transport B facilitated diffusion C endocytosis D exocytosis

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2021

Q183 · Plant cells were submerged in a solution with a water potential less negative than that… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2021

16 Plant cells were submerged in a solution with a water potential less negative than that found inside the cells. What describes the condition of the plant cells after 20 minutes? A burst B incipient plasmolysis C plasmolysed D turgid

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2021

Q184 · An antibiotic enters bacterial cells through a membrane channel protein, P 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2021

23 An antibiotic enters bacterial cells through a membrane channel protein, P. Some bacterial cells have shown resistance to this antibiotic by acquiring a mutation which alters P. This mutation prevents the entry of the antibiotic into the cell. Which conclusions can be drawn about how resistance to this antibiotic developed in these bacteria? 1 The mutation changed the order of the amino acids in the gene coding for P. 2 The mutation resulted in the production of P with an altered tertiary structure. 3 The antibiotic is a hydrophobic molecule and so cannot cross the phospholipid bilayer to enter the cell. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2021

Q185 · Liver cells contain vesicles that have proteins in their membranes which are specific for… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2021

16 Liver cells contain vesicles that have proteins in their membranes which are specific for the transport of glucose. When these cells need to take up glucose, the vesicles fuse with the cell surface membrane. How does the uptake of glucose occur? A exocytosis B diffusion C endocytosis D facilitated diffusion

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2021

Q186 · A student set up an experiment to investigate diffusion 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2021

17 A student set up an experiment to investigate diffusion. A block of agar, 1.0 cm  1.0 cm  1.0 cm, was stained uniformly with a water-soluble blue dye. The block of agar was put into a test-tube containing 10 cm3 of distilled water at 20 C. The intensity of the blue colour of the water after five minutes was measured. Four other experiments, A, B, C and D, were then carried out using different numbers of agar blocks, different sizes of agar blocks and different temperatures. All other variables were standardised. Which experiment would give a lighter blue colour in the water after five minutes compared to the first experiment? size of each number of temperature of agar block / cm agar blocks distilled water / C A 0.5  0.5  0.5 8 30 B 0.5  0.5  0.5 2 20 C 0.5  1.0  1.0 2 30 D 2.0  1.0  1.0 1 20

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2021

Q187 · The diagram shows a partially plasmolysed plant cell 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2021

16 The diagram shows a partially plasmolysed plant cell. solution X Z solution Y What is found at Z? A air B solution X C solution Y D water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2021

Q188 · A single-celled organism lives in freshwater 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2021

17 A single-celled organism lives in freshwater. Water that enters the cytoplasm of the cell by osmosis is collected into a structure called the contractile vacuole. To remove the water the contractile vacuole fuses with the cell surface membrane. A student counted the number of times that the contractile vacuole filled and emptied when the cell was placed in solutions with different water potentials. The results are shown in the table. water potential of rate of contractile external solution vacuole emptying / kPa / min–1 0 31 –100 20 –200 13 –300 8 –400 6 –500 0 Which statement explains the pattern observed as the water potential of the external solution decreased? A The water potential gradient between the cell and the solution increased, causing water to move into the cell more rapidly and the contractile vacuole to empty more frequently. B The water potential gradient between the cell and the solution increased, causing water to move into the cell less rapidly and the contractile vacuole to empty less frequently. C The water potential gradient between the cell and the solution decreased, causing water to move into the cell more rapidly and the contractile vacuole to empty more frequently. D The water potential gradient between the cell and the solution decreased, causing water to move into the cell less rapidly and the contractile vacuole to empty less frequently.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2021

Q189 · Which transport mechanism does not require a concentration gradient to be present in… 9700/12 Feb/March 2022

17 Which transport mechanism does not require a concentration gradient to be present in order to take place? A exocytosis B facilitated diffusion C osmosis D transpiration

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2022

Q190 · In an investigation, a plant cell was placed in pure water 9700/12 Feb/March 2022

19 In an investigation, a plant cell was placed in pure water. The initial rate at which water molecules entered the cell, R, was greater than the initial rate at which water molecules left the cell. In a second investigation, a plant cell of the same type was placed in a solution with a water potential equal to that of the cell contents. What will happen in the second investigation over a period of five minutes? A Water molecules will not enter or leave the cell because the water potential of the cell contents is equal to that of the solution. B Water molecules will enter and leave the cell in equal amounts, both at an initial rate that is less than R in the first investigation. C Water molecules will enter and leave the cell in equal amounts, both at an initial rate that is greater than R in the first investigation. D Water molecules will enter and leave the cell in equal amounts, both at an initial rate that is equal to R in the first investigation.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2022

Q191 · Some processes occurring in cells are listed 9700/11 May/June 2022

15 Some processes occurring in cells are listed. 1 endocytosis of water into cells 2 exocytosis of enzymes from cells 3 facilitated diffusion of glucose into red blood cells 4 phagocytosis of dead cells by macrophages Which processes use ATP? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2022

Q192 · The graph shows changes in the concentration of a solute inside a cell 9700/11 May/June 2022

16 The graph shows changes in the concentration of a solute inside a cell. concentration of solute inside cell 0 0 time What explains this change in concentration? 1 diffusion 2 endocytosis 3 exocytosis 4 osmosis A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 3 and 4 C 1 and 4 only D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2022

Q193 · The indicator cresol red, changes from red to yellow when put into acid 9700/11 May/June 2022

17 The indicator cresol red, changes from red to yellow when put into acid. Four blocks of agar containing cresol red were cut to different sizes measured in millimetres. The blocks were submerged in acid. All other variables were kept constant. The time taken for each of the blocks to completely turn yellow was recorded. Which of the four blocks became completely yellow most quickly? A 3  30  30 B 6  6  6 C 6  12  12 D 12  12  12

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2022

Q194 · When animal cells are cultured, salt solution is added to keep the cells alive 9700/12 May/June 2022

14 When animal cells are cultured, salt solution is added to keep the cells alive. What is the purpose of the salt solution? A to allow facilitated diffusion of salts into the cells B to prevent diffusion of other ions in or out of the cells C to prevent net movement of water into or out of the cells D to provide a source of energy for active transport

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2022

Q195 · The following are all processes that allow movement into cells 9700/12 May/June 2022

15 The following are all processes that allow movement into cells. 1 phagocytosis 2 active transport 3 facilitated diffusion Which processes require ATP? A 1 and 2 B 2 and 3 C 1 only D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2022

Q196 · Which features are required to allow for efficient diffusion? 9700/12 May/June 2022

16 Which features are required to allow for efficient diffusion? 1 a large surface area 2 a short diffusion pathway 3 maintenance of a constant diffusion gradient A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2022

Q197 · Batrachotoxin is a poison found in frogs in the Colombian jungle 9700/13 May/June 2022

14 Batrachotoxin is a poison found in frogs in the Colombian jungle. The poison is used to produce poison darts. The poison works by increasing the permeability of the cell surface membrane of nerve and muscle cells to sodium ions, which move out of the cells. Four students made statements about how the poison affects the cells. 1 Water leaves the cells by osmosis, causing the cells to shrink. 2 Water enters the cells by osmosis, causing the cells to burst. 3 When the sodium ions move out of the cells the intracellular fluid has a more positive water potential than the extracellular fluid. 4 When the sodium ions move out of the cells the extracellular fluid has a more positive water potential than the intracellular fluid. Which statements are correct for the cells affected by batrachotoxin? A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2022

Q198 · Which processes use energy in the form of ATP? 9700/13 May/June 2022

15 Which processes use energy in the form of ATP? 1 endocytosis 2 exocytosis 3 facilitated diffusion A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2022

Q199 · An indicator is colourless in acid and pink in alkali 9700/13 May/June 2022

16 An indicator is colourless in acid and pink in alkali. In an experiment a petri dish of agar was prepared using an acidic solution of this indicator. A disc of agar 1 cm in diameter was removed from the centre to create a well. A white card showing circular marker lines 1 cm apart was placed underneath the petri dish. 1 cm3 alkali solution was put into the well in the agar and a stop-watch was started. A circular disc of pink colour appeared and spread through the agar. It reached the first marker line in a short time but took longer to reach the second marker line and a very long time to reach the third marker line. What explains these observations? A facilitated diffusion of alkali solution B facilitated diffusion of the indicator C simple diffusion of alkali solution D simple diffusion of the indicator

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2022

Q200 · Which statement is correct for facilitated diffusion and active transport? 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2022

16 Which statement is correct for facilitated diffusion and active transport? A As the direction of the concentration gradient changes so does the direction of movement of the molecules. B Molecules always move at the same rate as simple diffusion. C Specific molecules are transported across a membrane. D The molecule ATP is required to move specific molecules quickly through proteins in the membrane.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2022

Q201 · Equal sized potato pieces were placed into a test-tube and covered with a sucrose solution 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2022

17 Equal sized potato pieces were placed into a test-tube and covered with a sucrose solution. The test-tube was left for 30 minutes. All other variables were standardised. After 30 minutes, the potato piece had not changed in size. What can be concluded from this result? A The concentration of sucrose is the same in the potato and in the solution and there is no more movement of water into or out of the potato. B The concentration of sucrose is the same in the potato and in the solution and there is no net movement of water into the potato. C The water potential is the same in the potato and in the sucrose solution and there is no more movement of water into or out of the potato. D The water potential is the same in the potato and in the sucrose solution and there is no net movement of water into or out of the potato.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2022

Q202 · The diagram represents a process by which molecules move out of a cell through a cell… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2022

16 The diagram represents a process by which molecules move out of a cell through a cell surface membrane. Which process does this represent? A exocytosis B diffusion C facilitated diffusion D osmosis

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2022

Q203 · The photomicrograph shows the appearance of onion epidermal cells after they have been… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2022

17 The photomicrograph shows the appearance of onion epidermal cells after they have been soaked in solution X for one hour. Y What fills the space labelled Y? A air B cytoplasm C solution X D water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2022

Q204 · Sodium chloride is added to a culture solution containing freshwater single-celled plant… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2022

27 Sodium chloride is added to a culture solution containing freshwater single-celled plant cells. What happens to the water potential of the culture solution when the sodium chloride is added and what may happen to the plant cells after 5 minutes? water potential of the single-celled plant cells culture solution when after 5 minutes sodium chloride added A becomes less negative become plasmolysed B becomes less negative become turgid C becomes more negative become plasmolysed D becomes more negative become turgid

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2022

Q205 · Which features are correct for active transport and facilitated diffusion? 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2022

15 Which features are correct for active transport and facilitated diffusion? 1 The movement of molecules and ions depends on ATP. 2 They are specific for one type of molecule or ion. 3 They use membrane proteins. A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2022

Q206 · The diagram represents two solutions, P and Q, that were separated by a partially… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2022

16 The diagram represents two solutions, P and Q, that were separated by a partially permeable dialysis tubing. partially permeable dialysis tubing solution P solution Q key molecule 1 molecule 2 molecule 3 partially permeable dialysis tubing What will be the initial movement of the molecules, 1, 2 and 3, between solution P and solution Q? net movement net movement no net from Q to P from P to Q movement A molecule 1 molecule 2 molecule 3 B molecule 1 molecule 3 molecule 2 C molecule 2 molecule 3 molecule 1 D molecule 3 molecule 1 molecule 2

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2022

Q207 · A student weighed a cylinder of potato and then put it into a test-tube containing a salt… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2022

17 A student weighed a cylinder of potato and then put it into a test-tube containing a salt solution. The potato cylinder was removed from the salt solution after one hour. It was blotted dry and then reweighed. The student recorded that the potato had lost mass. Which row shows the correct explanation for the results the student collected? water potential of the condition of the potato cells before soaking potato cells compared to the after soaking water potential after soaking A higher plasmolysed B higher turgid C lower plasmolysed D lower turgid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2022

Q208 · Certain bacteria develop resistance to an antibiotic by actively transporting the… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2022

38 Certain bacteria develop resistance to an antibiotic by actively transporting the antibiotic out of the cell. This prevents the antibiotic building up to toxic concentrations. What must be found in a bacterial cell to allow it to develop this form of antibiotic resistance? gene coding for mitochondria a channel protein A B C D source of chemical energy

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2022

Q209 · Dialysis (Visking) tubing is an artificial partially permeable membrane with pore sizes… 9700/12 Feb/March 2023

5 Dialysis (Visking) tubing is an artificial partially permeable membrane with pore sizes of approximately 2.5 nm. Glucose molecules have a diameter of about 1.5 nm and can pass through the pores in the membrane. What else can pass through the pores? 1 bacteria 2 haemoglobin 3 ribosomes 4 fructose A 1 and 3 B 2 and 4 C 2 only D 4 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2023

Q210 · Which of these substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using… 9700/12 Feb/March 2023

17 Which of these substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or a channel protein? 1 Ca2+ 2 CO2 3 C6H12O6 A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2023

Q211 · Four students, A, B, C and D, observed plant epidermal cells that had been placed in a… 9700/11 May/June 2023

15 Four students, A, B, C and D, observed plant epidermal cells that had been placed in a concentrated sucrose solution for 30 minutes. They were asked to identify the partially permeable layer and to explain the appearance of the cells in terms of water potential and movement of water. Which student is correct? partially water potential movement of water permeable layer at start of experiment during experiment A cell surface cell contents have a lower water moved out of the cell membrane water potential than the and no water moved in sucrose solution B cell surface cell contents have a higher more water moved out membrane water potential than the of the cell than moved in sucrose solution C cell wall cell contents have a lower more water moved out water potential than the of the cell than moved in sucrose solution D cell wall cell contents have a higher water moved out of the cell water potential than the and no water moved in sucrose solution

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2023

Q212 · The table compares the surface area to volume ratios of five agar blocks that differ in… 9700/11 May/June 2023

16 The table compares the surface area to volume ratios of five agar blocks that differ in dimensions but which all have the same volume. The agar blocks can be used to measure the efficiency of diffusion, where efficiency is measured as the time taken for a dye to reach all parts of the block. length width height surface volume surface area : / mm / mm / mm area / mm2 / mm3 volume ratio 1 8 8 8 384 512 0.75 2 16 16 2 640 512 1.3 3 32 4 4 544 512 1.1 4 32 32 0.5 2112 512 4.1 5 64 4 2 784 512 1.5 Which prediction can be made about the way in which size and dimensions of these blocks affect the efficiency of diffusion? A The efficiency of diffusion will decrease as the width of a block increases. B The efficiency of diffusion will increase as the height of a block increases. C The efficiency of diffusion will increase as a block of fixed volume is flattened. D The efficiency of diffusion will decrease as a block of fixed volume is elongated.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2023

Q213 · The three main factors that affect the rate of diffusion across a membrane can be… 9700/12 May/June 2023

17 The three main factors that affect the rate of diffusion across a membrane can be expressed by the relationship shown. surface area × concentration difference rate of diffusion is proportional to thickness of membrane Which changes in the factors would result in the rate of diffusion doubling? 1 Surface area has doubled. 2 Concentration difference has halved. 3 Thickness of membrane has doubled. 4 Thickness of membrane has halved. A 1, 2 and 4 B 1 and 3 C 1 and 4 only D 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2023

Q214 · A student measured the time taken for complete diffusion of a dye into agar blocks of… 9700/12 May/June 2023

18 A student measured the time taken for complete diffusion of a dye into agar blocks of different sizes which were suspended in the dye. The results are shown. size of agar block time for / mm × mm × mm diffusion / s 5 × 5 × 5 6.2 10 × 10 × 10 16.1 15 × 15 × 15 34.5 5 × 10 × 15 What is the predicted time for complete diffusion of the dye into the agar block measuring 5 mm × 10 mm × 15 mm? A 6.2 s B 16.1 s C 34.5 s D more than 34.5 s

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2023

Q215 · An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of concentration of sucrose… 9700/12 May/June 2023

19 An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of concentration of sucrose solution on cells in a plant tissue. A sample of plant tissue was cut into seven cylinders of equal length and diameter. The mass of each cylinder was recorded. Each of the seven cylinders was put into a different sucrose solution concentration. bung test-tube sucrose solution plant tissue cylinder After two hours, the cylinders were removed, blotted dry and reweighed. The percentage change in mass of each cylinder was recorded. The graph shows the results of this investigation. 20 15 10 5 percentage change in mass of plant 0 tissue cylinder 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 –5 –10 –15 –20 concentration of sucrose solution / mol dm–3 Which row explains the results if plant tissue cells were put in a sucrose solution of 0.45 mol dm–3? water potential of the cytoplasm change in volume of the of the cells at the start of the vacuoles of the cells at the end experiment compared with the of the experiment, that were water potential of 0.45 mol dm–3 initially placed in 0.45 mol dm–3 sucrose solution sucrose solution A less negative decreased B less negative increased C more negative decreased D more negative increased

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2023

Q216 · Which row correctly describes all the possible relative concentrations of a substance… 9700/13 May/June 2023

18 Which row correctly describes all the possible relative concentrations of a substance when the substance is moved by endocytosis or exocytosis? endocytosis exocytosis A concentrations equal concentrations equal B concentrations equal, concentrations equal, greater inside or greater inside or greater outside greater outside C concentrations equal concentrations equal or greater outside or lower outside D concentrations equal concentrations equal or lower outside or greater outside

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2023

Q217 · Which statement about simple diffusion is correct? 9700/13 May/June 2023

19 Which statement about simple diffusion is correct? A It requires specific molecules in the cell surface membrane. B It is a passive mode of transporting substances. C It always requires a membrane for transport of substances. D It only happens in the cells of prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2023

Q218 · Plant cells with the same water potential in their cytoplasm were each put into one of… 9700/13 May/June 2023

20 Plant cells with the same water potential in their cytoplasm were each put into one of three different concentrations of sugar solution, 10%, 5% and 2.5%. The cells were left for 50 minutes and then observed using a light microscope. cell X cell Y cell Z vacuole Which statements are correct? 1 Cell Y had a lower water potential than the sugar solution it was put into. 2 Cell Z was put into the 10% sugar solution. 3 Cell Z had a less negative water potential than the sugar solution it was put into. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2023

Q219 · Plant cells were left for 50 minutes in three different sugar solutions, 10%, 5% and 1% 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2023

16 Plant cells were left for 50 minutes in three different sugar solutions, 10%, 5% and 1%. The water potential in the cytoplasm of the three cells was the same at the start of the experiment. The diagrams show the appearance of the cells after 50 minutes, using a light microscope. cell P cell Q cell R Which conclusion is correct? A Cell P has the same concentration of sugar inside and outside the cell. B Cell Q is flaccid and cell P is plasmolysed. C Cell Q was placed in the 1% solution. D The sugar solution outside cell R has a less negative water potential than inside cell R.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2023

Q220 · The graph shows the effect of increasing the side length of agar cubes on the surface… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2023

17 The graph shows the effect of increasing the side length of agar cubes on the surface area and the volume of the cubes. surface 1 area or volume 2 0 0 side length Which row correctly identifies line 1, line 2 and the effect of increasing side length on the surface area : volume ratio of the cubes? surface area : line 1 line 2 volume ratio A surface area volume decreases B surface area volume increases C volume surface area decreases D volume surface area increases

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2023

Q221 · The statements are comparisons of endocytosis and exocytosis 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2023

18 The statements are comparisons of endocytosis and exocytosis. ● Both are mechanisms that involve vesicles or vacuoles and the transport of materials across the cell surface membrane. ● Both mechanisms occur to allow bulk transport across the cell surface membrane. ● Endocytosis involves taking materials into the cell, whereas exocytosis involves the release of materials from the cell. ● Some of the cell surface membrane is lost when endocytosis occurs and there is an increase in the cell surface membrane when exocytosis occurs. How many statements are correct? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2023

Q222 · A student was asked to calculate the surface area : volume ratio for an agar cube with a… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2023

19 A student was asked to calculate the surface area : volume ratio for an agar cube with a side length of 5.5 mm. Which surface area : volume ratio is correct? A 0.2 : 1 B 0.9 : 1 C 1.0 : 1 D 1.1 : 1

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2023

Q223 · Sodium ions can enter cells across the cell surface membrane 9700/12 Feb/March 2024

17 Sodium ions can enter cells across the cell surface membrane. Which methods could be used by sodium ions to cross a cell surface membrane and enter a cell? A active transport only B active transport and facilitated diffusion C facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion D simple diffusion only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2024

Q224 · The diagram shows how an artificial partially permeable membrane was used to separate a… 9700/12 Feb/March 2024

18 The diagram shows how an artificial partially permeable membrane was used to separate a 5% sodium chloride solution and a 10% sodium chloride solution in a beaker. The two sides of the beaker were labelled R and S. partially permeable membrane R S 5% 10% sodium chloride sodium chloride solution solution Which row correctly describes and explains what will happen in the half of the beaker labelled S? description of S explanation A volume of solution increases net movement of water from a higher water potential to a lower water potential B volume of solution increases net movement of water from a lower water potential to a higher water potential C volume of solution net movement of water from a higher water decreases potential to a lower water potential D volume of solution net movement of water from a lower water decreases potential to a higher water potential

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2024

Q225 · Agar cubes can be used to demonstrate the effect on diffusion of changing the surface… 9700/12 Feb/March 2024

19 Agar cubes can be used to demonstrate the effect on diffusion of changing the surface area to volume ratio. Three different agar cubes made using a coloured indicator solution were placed into a dilute acid that diffused into the cubes. As the acid diffused into the agar cubes, the colour of the indicator solution changed. The cubes had volumes of 1 cm3, 2 cm3 and 3 cm3 and were left in the dilute acid for 10 minutes. All other variables were kept the same. After 10 minutes, the agar cubes were removed from the dilute acid and cut in half. The cut surfaces were observed and the results were recorded as diagrams. All diagrams were drawn to the same scale. The results for the 2 cm3 cube are shown. original colour Which diagrams show the results for the 1 cm3 and the 3 cm3 cubes? A 1 cm3 3 cm3 B 1 cm3 3 cm3 C 1 cm3 3 cm3 D 1 cm3 3 cm3

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2024

Q226 · The diagram shows how nicotine is transported from the blood plasma into a cell using a… 9700/11 May/June 2024

13 The diagram shows how nicotine is transported from the blood plasma into a cell using a type of cotransporter mechanism. protons move down their concentration gradient blood out of the cell plasma cell surface membrane cytoplasm of the cell nicotine is transported cotransporter protein against its concentration gradient into the cell In the phloem tissue, there is a cotransporter mechanism that moves sucrose into the cytoplasm of a companion cell. Which statement correctly describes a similarity between the cotransport of nicotine and the cotransport of sucrose? A The cotransporter proteins generate a proton gradient by moving protons out of the cell by active transport. B The protons are transported through the cotransporter proteins by facilitated diffusion. C The protons move through the cotransporter proteins in the opposite direction to the movement of nicotine and sucrose. D The cotransporter proteins use energy from ATP to transport protons with nicotine and sucrose.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2024

Q227 · A student observed the effect of two different concentrations of salt solution on blood… 9700/11 May/June 2024

15 A student observed the effect of two different concentrations of salt solution on blood cells. The student added each concentration of salt solution to one of two microscope slides, and then a small drop of fresh blood was added. Each slide was viewed using the high power lens of a microscope and the student’s observations were recorded. slide 1 No red blood cells were visible. slide 2 The red blood cells were visible but looked slightly crinkled. Which row correctly explains the results obtained? slide 1 slide 2 A Swelling of the cells The  of the cell was caused them all to burst. more negative than the  of the external solution. B The  of the cell was The  of the external solution key more negative than the  was more negative than the   = water potential of the external solution. of the cell. C The  of the cell was There is a net movement of less negative than the  water out of the cell by osmosis. of the external solution. D The  of the external solution The  of the cell was very was less negative than the  similar to, but slightly of the cell. more negative than, the  of the external solution.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2024

Q228 · Which statement correctly describes facilitated diffusion? 9700/11 May/June 2024

16 Which statement correctly describes facilitated diffusion? A The process only occurs using channel proteins that change shape and that use energy provided by the cell. B The process occurs using channel proteins or carrier proteins that may or may not change shape. C The process occurs using channel proteins or carrier proteins that use energy provided by the cell. D The process only occurs using carrier proteins that create a gradient to move ions in opposite directions.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2024

Q229 · Which process always takes place without the involvement of energy from ATP? 9700/12 May/June 2024

14 Which process always takes place without the involvement of energy from ATP? A active transport B endocytosis C exocytosis D facilitated diffusion

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2024

Q230 · The diagram shows the entry of molecule X into a cell 9700/12 May/June 2024

15 The diagram shows the entry of molecule X into a cell. molecule X Which row shows a property of molecule X and the effect of the concentration of ATP in the cytoplasm on the rate of entry of molecule X? property of molecule X concentration of ATP in the cytoplasm A non-polar affects rate of entry of molecule X B non-polar has no effect on rate of entry of molecule X C polar affects rate of entry of molecule X D polar has no effect on rate of entry of molecule X

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2024

Q231 · The electron micrograph shows some human blood cells 9700/12 May/June 2024

16 The electron micrograph shows some human blood cells. X Which row correctly shows the net movement of water by osmosis and the water potential of the cytoplasm of cell X compared with the solution surrounding the cells? water potential of net movement of cytoplasm of cell X water by osmosis compared with the solution A into the cell higher B into the cell lower C out of the cell higher D out of the cell lower

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2024

Q232 · A red indicator solution was mixed with agar and the resulting solid was cut into small… 9700/12 May/June 2024

17 A red indicator solution was mixed with agar and the resulting solid was cut into small cylindrical blocks. The blocks were placed in an acid which turns the indicator yellow and all other variables were kept constant. The dimensions of the blocks are shown. block 1 height 3 mm diameter 6 mm block 2 height 6 mm diameter 12 mm block 3 height 8 mm diameter 16 mm The formula for calculating the surface area of a cylinder is 2rh + 2r 2. The formula for calculating the volume of a cylinder is r 2h. Which row shows the correct surface area (SA) to volume (V) ratio for each block and the time taken for the block to turn yellow? block 1 block 2 block 3 SA to V time to turn SA to V time to turn SA to V time to turn ratio yellow / mins ratio yellow / mins ratio yellow / mins A 0.75 : 1.0 4 1.5 : 1.0 5 2.0 : 1.0 11 B 0.75 : 1.0 11 1.5 : 1.0 5 2.0 : 1.0 4 C 1.33 : 1.0 4 0.67 : 1.0 5 0.5 : 1.0 11 D 1.33 : 1.0 11 0.67 : 1.0 5 0.5 : 1.0 4

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2024

Q233 · A red indicator solution was mixed with agar, and the resulting solid was cut into small… 9700/13 May/June 2024

14 A red indicator solution was mixed with agar, and the resulting solid was cut into small cuboid blocks. The blocks were placed in an acid which turns the indicator yellow, and all other variables were kept constant. The dimensions of the three blocks used are shown. block 1 3 mm  3 mm  3 mm block 2 8 mm  8 mm  8 mm block 3 11 mm  11 mm  11 mm Which row shows the correct surface area (SA) to volume (V) ratio for each block, and the time taken for the block to turn yellow? block 1 block 2 block 3 SA to V time to turn SA to V time to turn SA to V time to turn ratio yellow / mins ratio yellow / mins ratio yellow / mins A 0.5 : 1.0 4 1.33 : 1.0 11 1.83 : 1.0 13 B 0.5 : 1.0 13 1.33 : 1.0 11 1.83 : 1.0 4 C 2.0 : 1.0 4 0.75 : 1.0 11 0.55 : 1.0 13 D 2.0 : 1.0 13 0.75 : 1.0 11 0.55 : 1.0 4

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2024

Q234 · The statements describe some events in the process of exocytosis of glycoprotein molecules 9700/13 May/June 2024

15 The statements describe some events in the process of exocytosis of glycoprotein molecules. 1 Membrane of the Golgi body folds around glycoprotein molecules. 2 Vesicle binds to and fuses with the cell surface membrane. 3 Vesicle attached to microtubules moves through the cytoplasm. 4 Secretory vesicle forms. What is the correct order of events for exocytosis? A 1  4  2  3 B 1  4  3  2 C 2  3  1  4 D 4  1  3  2

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2024

Q235 · Four cylinders that were identical in size, A, B, C and D, were cut from potatoes that… 9700/13 May/June 2024

16 Four cylinders that were identical in size, A, B, C and D, were cut from potatoes that had been stored for different lengths of time. The cylinders were weighed, immersed in 10% salt solution for 45 minutes and then reweighed. The percentage change in mass was then calculated. Which cylinder had a water potential similar to the 10% salt solution? percentage change in mass A –7.2 B –2.5 C –0.9 D +3.4

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2024

Q236 · Carrier proteins in the cell surface membranes of companion cells are involved in the… 9700/13 May/June 2024

28 Carrier proteins in the cell surface membranes of companion cells are involved in the transfer of assimilates to phloem sieve tubes. The diagram represents the use of two types of carrier protein in this process. key X X X X Y X X pump X Y companion X X cell cytoplasm cotransporter cell surface membrane What are the substances labelled X and Y? X Y A H+ ions sucrose B H+ ions glucose C sucrose H+ ions D glucose H+ ions

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2024

Q237 · Which diagram shows the correct direction of net water movement between the four cells… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2024

18 Which diagram shows the correct direction of net water movement between the four cells due to osmosis? key  = water potential A B Ψ = – 40 kPa Ψ = –22 kPa Ψ = –22 kPa Ψ = –32 kPa Ψ = –36 kPa Ψ = –33 kPa Ψ = –16 kPa Ψ = –38 kPa C D Ψ = –33 kPa Ψ = –25 kPa Ψ = – 42 kPa Ψ = –33 kPa Ψ = –33 kPa Ψ = – 42 kPa Ψ = –24 kPa Ψ = –27 kPa

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2024

Q238 · An investigation was carried out into the effect of four different treatments on the… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2024

19 An investigation was carried out into the effect of four different treatments on the permeability of the cell surface membranes and tonoplasts of beetroot cells. Beetroot cell vacuoles contain a red pigment. This pigment cannot diffuse through the tonoplasts or cell surface membranes. 1 cm3 cubes were cut from beetroot tissue and washed in running water for 20 minutes to remove any pigment released from damaged cells. Two cubes were then placed in each of the four test-tubes containing different contents and observed for five minutes. Which row shows a correct explanation for the observation recorded for one of the treatments? treatment observation explanation A dilute contents of membrane proteins hydrochloric acid test-tube stay clear have been denatured B ethanol contents of lipids, including membrane test-tube turn red phospholipids, have dissolved C water at 20 C contents of membrane proteins test-tube stay clear have been denatured D water at 80 C contents of lipids, including membrane test-tube turn red phospholipids, have dissolved

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2024

Q239 · A mixture of glucose and starch solutions was placed in a length of dialysis (Visking)… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2024

10 A mixture of glucose and starch solutions was placed in a length of dialysis (Visking) tubing and the tubing sealed. The tubing was then placed in a boiling tube containing distilled water. Two samples were immediately removed from this water (time 0 minutes) and tested with either iodine solution or Benedict’s solution. This was repeated at 10 minute intervals for 30 minutes. The iodine solution gave an orange-brown colour each time. The table shows the results of the Benedict’s test. time / minutes 0 10 20 30 colour produced blue green yellow red by Benedict’s test What may be concluded from these results? 1 The pores in the Visking tubing are too small for a starch molecule to pass through. 2 Glucose diffuses through the Visking tubing down a diffusion gradient. 3 Water diffuses into the Visking tubing. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2024

Q240 · In an experiment, pieces of onion epidermis are put into three different concentrations… 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2024

16 In an experiment, pieces of onion epidermis are put into three different concentrations of sucrose solutions, P, Q and R. The pieces of onion are left for an hour and then examined using the low power of a light microscope. Each diagram shows one cell from the epidermis that was placed in each of the sucrose concentrations. P Q R What explains the appearance of cells in solution Q? A The concentration of solution Q is equal to the concentration of the solutes in the cell sap. B The cytoplasm has the same concentration of sucrose as solution Q. C The water potential of the cytoplasm is equal to the water potential of the vacuole. D The water potential of the cell sap is equal to the water potential of solution Q.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2024

Q241 · Before mitochondria are extracted from cells for microscopy, they are usually kept in a… 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2024

14 Before mitochondria are extracted from cells for microscopy, they are usually kept in a 0.25 mol dm–3 sucrose solution. Why is the sucrose solution used? A to act as a solvent B to enable the rate of reaction of the mitochondria to be determined C to prevent the mitochondria from changing in dimension D to provide a source of energy

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2024

Q242 · The photomicrograph shows a type of blood cell 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2024

15 The photomicrograph shows a type of blood cell. Which statements about these cells are correct? 1 Oxygen diffuses through the phospholipid bilayer. 2 Sodium ions diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer. 3 Water passes in and out of these cells by osmosis. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2024

Q243 · A student filled dialysis tubing with a sucrose solution and knotted both ends 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2024

17 A student filled dialysis tubing with a sucrose solution and knotted both ends. This formed a cylinder with a length of 5.0 cm and a radius of 2.0 cm. What is the surface area to volume ratio for this cylinder of dialysis tubing? A 0.7 : 1.0 B 1.0 : 1.0 C 1.4 : 1.0 D 2.5 : 1.0

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2024

Q244 · The diagram shows the dimensions of two blocks of agar 9700/12 Feb/March 2025

16 The diagram shows the dimensions of two blocks of agar. The diagram has been drawn to scale. width 30 mm width 10 mm length 20 mm length 15 mm height 4 mm height 8 mm The blocks of agar were stained pink with a pH indicator. In acidic conditions, the pink pH indicator becomes colourless. The two blocks of agar were placed in a beaker of acid at the same time. As the acid diffused into the blocks, the blocks became colourless. What is the surface area to volume ratio of the block that became completely colourless first? A 0.58 : 1 B 0.67 : 1 C 1.50 : 1 D 1.71 : 1

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2025

Q245 · The graph shows how the rate of facilitated diffusion of substance X across a cell… 9700/12 Feb/March 2025

17 The graph shows how the rate of facilitated diffusion of substance X across a cell surface membrane changed as the concentration of substance X increased. All conditions, except for the concentration of substance X, were kept constant. Temperature was maintained at 15 °C. Q P rate of facilitated diffusion concentration of substance X Which statement about the rate of facilitated diffusion is correct? A The rate of facilitated diffusion of substance X at Q will increase if the temperature is increased to 20 °C. B The rate of facilitated diffusion of substance X at P will increase if the concentration of ATP is increased. C The rate of facilitated diffusion of substance X at Q will increase if the concentration of substance X is increased. D The rate of facilitated diffusion of substance X at P will increase if the length of time over which the rate is measured is increased.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2025

Q246 · Samples X, Y and Z are epidermal tissues cut from an onion 9700/12 May/June 2025

18 Samples X, Y and Z are epidermal tissues cut from an onion. Each epidermal tissue was immersed in one of three different concentrations of a salt solution for 30 minutes. A student observed each tissue sample with a light microscope. Then the student estimated the concentration of each salt solution using a scale. The diagram shows the scale. P, Q and R represent the estimated concentration of the three salt solutions. distilled concentrated water salt solution P Q R The photomicrographs show the appearance of the tissues in samples X, Y and Z. sample X sample Y sample Z Which row shows the estimated concentrations of the salt solutions in which samples Y and Z were immersed? sample Y sample Z A P Q B P R C Q R D R P

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2025

Q247 · The graph shows the results of an osmosis investigation using potato tissue 9700/12 May/June 2025

19 The graph shows the results of an osmosis investigation using potato tissue. 20 15 10 5 percentage change 0 in mass 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 –5 concentration of sodium chloride / mol dm–3 concentration of sodium chloride concentration of sodium chloride / mol mol dm dm–3 –3 –10 –15 –20 What is the concentration of sodium chloride solution that has the equivalent water potential to this potato tissue and what is correct about the movement of water at that point? A 0.37 mol dm–3 and no net movement of water B 17 mol dm–3 and net movement of water out of the potato tissue C 0 mol dm–3 and no net movement of water D 0.9 mol dm–3 and net movement of water into the potato tissue

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2025

Q248 · Some agar was coloured pink using a pH indicator 9700/12 May/June 2025

20 Some agar was coloured pink using a pH indicator. The pink agar was then used to make three agar cubes with different dimensions. 2 cm × 2 cm × 2 cm 4 cm × 4 cm × 4 cm 5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm The cubes were placed in a beaker and covered with 0.1 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid. The temperature of the experiment was standardised at 20 °C. Hydrochloric acid diffused into the agar cubes causing the cubes to become colourless. What is the surface area to volume ratio of the agar cube that became colourless in the least amount of time? A 0.33 : 1 B 0.83 : 1 C 1.2 : 1 D 3.0 : 1

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2025

Q249 · Antimycin is a chemical that inhibits the function of mitochondria 9700/13 May/June 2025

19 Antimycin is a chemical that inhibits the function of mitochondria. Which methods of transport across the cell surface membrane could be directly affected by antimycin? 1 active transport 2 facilitated diffusion 3 endocytosis A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2025

Q250 · A student half filled a beaker with solution X 9700/13 May/June 2025

20 A student half filled a beaker with solution X. They placed a sealed Visking tubing bag containing solution Y into the beaker. X Y At 30 minutes, the solution in the beaker was orange and the solution inside the Visking tubing was blue-black. What did solutions X and Y contain at the start to give these results? solution X solution Y A starch amylase and iodine B iodine amylase C starch and amylase iodine D iodine starch

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2025

Q251 · Which of these substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using… 9700/14 May/June 2025

17 Which of these substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a carrier protein or channel protein? 1 K+ and Cl – 2 CO2 3 C6H12O6 A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/14 May/June 2025

Q252 · Which of these statements about facilitated diffusion are correct? 9700/14 May/June 2025

18 Which of these statements about facilitated diffusion are correct? 1 It is limited by the number of transport proteins. 2 It transports molecules against their concentration gradient. 3 It requires a source of ATP. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 3 only C 1 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/14 May/June 2025

Q253 · A cell absorbs amino acids 9700/14 May/June 2025

19 A cell absorbs amino acids. This cell then synthesises and exports a digestive enzyme. Different cell structures are involved with different stages of this process. Which row shows a possible sequence of cell structures that the amino acids pass through? rough cell surface secretory Golgi body endoplasmic membrane vesicle reticulum A 1st 2nd 3rd 4th B 1st 3rd 4th 2nd C 4th 2nd 1st 3rd D 4th 1st 2nd 3rd

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/14 May/June 2025

Q254 · The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate the effect of changing the initial… 9700/14 May/June 2025

20 The diagram shows apparatus set up to investigate the effect of changing the initial concentration of glucose in the surrounding solution on the movement of molecules through a selectively permeable membrane (Visking tubing) in 15 minutes. Visking tubing surrounding solution (different concentrations 10% glucose from 1% to 10% solution glucose solution) Which statements are correct as the initial concentration of glucose solution in the surrounding solution increases? 1 Net diffusion of water increases. 2 Glucose molecules reach an equilibrium quicker. 3 There is less change in the volume of the surrounding solution. 4 Net diffusion of glucose increases. A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/14 May/June 2025

Q255 · A sample of healthy plant cells taken from the same tissue is placed in a beaker… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2025

16 A sample of healthy plant cells taken from the same tissue is placed in a beaker containing distilled water. The cells change in size. What would explain this change in size? A Water will leave the cells by active transport. B Water will enter the cells by osmosis. C Solutes will enter the cells by active transport. D Solutes will leave the cells by osmosis.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2025

Q256 · A student studying surface area to volume ratio and diffusion made a cuboid, S1, using… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2025

17 A student studying surface area to volume ratio and diffusion made a cuboid, S1, using agar stained blue with a pH indicator. The dimensions of S1 are shown in the diagram. The student made a second agar cuboid, S2. Each dimension of S2, (the length, the width and the height), was half that of S1. S1 S2 30 mm not to scale 15 mm 5 mm 2.5 mm 8 mm 4 mm The student placed each cuboid in a test-tube and covered it in acid. The time taken for each cuboid to completely change colour was recorded. All variables other than the size of the cuboids were standardised. Which row shows the surface area to volume ratio of S1 and the time taken for S1 to change colour completely in acid compared to the time taken for S2 to change colour completely? time taken for S1 to change surface area to colour completely in acid volume ratio of S1 compared to S2 A 0.72 : 1 S1 takes less time than S2 B 0.72 : 1 S1 takes more time than S2 C 1.4 : 1 S1 takes less time than S2 D 1.4 : 1 S1 takes more time than S2

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2025

Q257 · Two test-tubes, labelled X and Y, were set up containing equal volumes of solution X or… 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2025

18 Two test-tubes, labelled X and Y, were set up containing equal volumes of solution X or solution Y respectively. A large number of type P cells and a large number of type Q cells were added into test-tube X and also into test-tube Y. After a few minutes, samples of the solutions were taken and the cells were observed with a microscope. ● In solution X, all of cell type P had burst and cell type Q had not burst. ● In solution Y, no cells had burst. Which row correctly identifies cell type Q and solutions X and Y? cell type Q solution X solution Y A red blood cells 5% NaCl solution distilled water B goblet cells 5% glucose solution distilled water C liver cells distilled water 5% glucose solution D root hair cells distilled water 5% NaCl solution

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2025

Q258 · Which statements about the cell surface membrane are correct? 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2025

19 Which statements about the cell surface membrane are correct? 1 Channel proteins allow water soluble ions and molecules across the membrane. 2 Glucose can pass into the cell via carrier proteins. 3 Oxygen passes freely through the membrane as it is soluble in lipids. 4 Some glycoproteins act as antigens. A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 3 and 4 only C 1 and 2 only D 2, 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2025

Q259 · The diagram shows two cylinders of agar 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2025

20 The diagram shows two cylinders of agar. The agar cylinders are placed into a solution of dye at the same time. The time taken for the dye to diffuse into the centre of each cylinder is recorded. 5 cm 3 cm 2 cm 1 cm X Y Which statement explains why the dye reaches the centre of one agar cylinder faster than the other agar cylinder? A The dye reaches the centre of X in a shorter time than the dye reaches the centre of Y because X has a larger surface area to volume ratio. B The dye reaches the centre of X in a shorter time than the dye reaches the centre of Y because X has a larger surface area. C The dye reaches the centre of Y in a shorter time than the dye reaches the centre of X because the dye has a shorter distance to diffuse to the centre. D The dye reaches the centre of Y in a shorter time than the dye reaches the centre of X because Y has a smaller volume.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2025