Cambridge A Level Biology 9700 — 2013 Oct/Nov Paper 1 · Variant 2

Question 1

1 Which structure is measured in the units shown using a light microscope? structure unit A cell surface membrane nm B cell wall nm C chloroplast µm D ribosome µm

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

2 A student studied two photographs, at the same magnification, of a palisade mesophyll cell, one using a light microscope and the other using an electron microscope. The student observed: 1 the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus 2 the grana in the chloroplasts 3 the two membranes of the nuclear envelope 4 the vacuole enclosed by a tonoplast. Which features can only be seen because of the higher resolution of the electron microscope? A 1, 2 and 3 only B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 2, 3 and 4 only

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

3 A piece of mammalian tissue was homogenised and centrifuged. The biochemical activity of four subcellular fractions was investigated. Which diagram indicates the fraction with maximum synthesis of messenger RNA? A B lysosomes mitochondria mitochondria activity nuclei ribosomes activity nuclei lysosomes ribosomes C D mitochondria mitochondria lysosomes ribosomes activity activity nuclei ribosomes lysosomes nuclei

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

4 Which row shows features of a typical eukaryotic cell? cell size nucleus DNA ribosome size A < 2µm absent linear large 80S B < 2µm present circular small 70S C > 2µm present circular small 70S D > 2µm present linear large 80S

Accepted Answer

D

Question 5

5 Many single-celled animals, living in fresh water, possess vacuoles which contract regularly, expelling excess water. Why do the cells of plants living in fresh water not require such vacuoles? A Plant cells have a higher concentration of dissolved solutes than animal cells. B Plant cell walls are impermeable to water. C Plant cell walls limit cell size. D Water movement into plants is controlled by their roots.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 6

6 Which shows β-glucose? A B CH2OH CH2OH H C O OH H C O H H H C C C C OH H OH H HO C C H HO C C OH H OH H OH C D OH H H C O OH HO C O H H OH C C C C H H H H HO C C H H C C OH CH2OH OH CH2OH OH

Accepted Answer

A

Question 7

7 Which row is correct when one molecule of sucrose is hydrolysed? molecules of molecules of reducing sugar water A 1 1 B 1 2 C 2 1 D 2 2

Accepted Answer

C

Question 8

8 The formation of glycosidic and peptide bonds is responsible for polymerisation in some biological molecules. Which bonds are found in which molecules? glycosidic peptide A glycerol glycoprotein B glycogen glycerol C glycogen glycoprotein D glycoprotein glycolipid

Accepted Answer

C

Question 9

9 The diagrams show the structures of two amino acids, each of which has more than one amine (–NH2) group. 1 2 4 H2N CH COOH H2N CH COOH CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 C 3 CH2 O NH2 NH 5 C HN NH2 A peptide bond is formed between the two amino acids. Which groups form the peptide bond? A 1 and 4 B 2 and 4 C 2 and 5 D 3 and 4

Accepted Answer

A

Question 10

10 Which explains why haemoglobin is able to carry oxygen? A It consists of four polypeptides. B It contains iron. C It has a quaternary structure. D It is a globular protein.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 11

11 Which is correct for a non-competitive inhibitor of enzyme action? 1 Increasing the concentration of the enzyme’s substrate will reduce its effect. 2 It reduces the activation energy required for a reaction to take place. 3 It reduces the maximum rate of reaction. A 1 only B 3 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

B

Question 12

12 The enzyme lysozyme secreted from tear glands forms deposits on contact lenses. Which ingredient would be effective in a contact lens cleaner for removing these deposits? A ethanol B lysosomes C pH buffers D proteases

Accepted Answer

D

Question 13

13 Which is correct for components of a cell surface membrane? increases allows recognition membrane fluidity of cell A cholesterol glycoproteins B glycolipids phospholipids C glycoproteins glycolipids D phospholipids cholesterol

Accepted Answer

A

Question 14

14 A method called freeze-fracture can be used to study the structure of cell membranes. The membrane is frozen and then split down the middle, separating the two layers of phospholipids from each other. Any proteins contained within one layer remain in that layer. Proteins which span the membrane can be found in either layer after freeze-fracture, depending on the protein’s properties. Which statement(s) about the results of freeze-fracture studies are correct? 1 It provides evidence for the bilayer nature of membranes. 2 It provides evidence for the arrangement of proteins. 3 It shows that the proteins in the membrane do not contribute to its strength. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1 only

Accepted Answer

B

Question 15

15 Which statements are descriptions of both facilitated diffusion and active transport? 1 moves substances against a concentration gradient 2 requires ATP 3 transports charged ions across the cell surface membrane 4 uses proteins A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 3 and 4 only

Accepted Answer

D

Question 16

16 Which statement about the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure is correct? A The less unsaturated the fatty acid chains of the phospholipids, the more fluid the membrane. B The more unsaturated the fatty acid chains of the phospholipids, the more fluid the membrane. C The higher the temperature, the less fluid the membrane. D The lower the temperature, the more fluid the membrane.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 17

17 Which statements about cancer are correct? 1 Exposure to UV light from the sun always causes skin cancer. 2 Some viruses can cause cancer. 3 The mutation of genes controlling the cell cycle may cause cancer. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

D

Question 18

18 The diagram represents the life cycle of a sexually reproducing animal. n n 3 4 1 2 2n 2n 2n n n Which row correctly identifies meiosis and mitosis? meiosis mitosis A 1 4 B 2 1 C 3 2 D 4 3

Accepted Answer

C

Question 19

19 The following statements describe events that take place during DNA replication and transcription. Which row is not correct? DNA transcription replication A adenine pairs with thymine yes no B both DNA polynucleotide chains act as templates yes no C the original DNA molecule is changed after the process no yes D uracil pairs with adenine no yes

Accepted Answer

C

Question 20

20 Which statements about complementary base pairing are correct? 1 Purines and pyrimidines are different sizes. 2 It occurs during translation. 3 The base pairs are of different length. 4 Uracil forms two hydrogen bonds with adenine. A 1, 2 and 3 only B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 2, 3 and 4 only

Accepted Answer

B

Question 21

21 What is the minimum number of base substitutions required to change the nucleotide sequence of the HbA (normal) allele to the HbS (sickle cell) allele? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

Accepted Answer

A

Question 22

22 Which feature of a plant cell is an adaptation for water uptake from the soil solution? A waxy cuticle B large numbers of mitochondria C long, thin extension to the cell D thick cellulose cell wall

Accepted Answer

C

Question 23

23 A student used a potometer to measure the rate of water loss from a plant by transpiration. The internal diameter of the capillary tube and the distance moved by the bubble in 30 seconds were recorded. The results are shown in the table. internal diameter of distance bubble moved capillary tube / mm in 30 s / mm 1.8 40.0 The volume of water moved = πr2 x distance moved by the bubble. Which calculation correctly shows how to determine the rate of transpiration in mm3 s–1? π (1.82 × 40.0) A 30 B π(1.82 × 40.0) × 30 30 C π (0.9 2 × 40.0) π (0.9  2× 40.0) D 30

Accepted Answer

D

Question 24

24 Which feature of xylem vessel elements helps the cohesion of water? A lignin forms an incomplete secondary wall B new vessels carry extra water as a plant grows C there are no cross walls between the vessel elements D the vessel elements form narrow tubes

Accepted Answer

D

Question 25

25 What determines the rate of water movement from the roots to the leaves? A absorption of water through the root hair cells B development of a less negative water potential in the leaves C diffusion of water through the stomata D evaporation of water from the mesophyll cell walls

Accepted Answer

D

Question 26

26 The photomicrograph shows a transverse section through a leaf. ×50 Which features of a xerophytic leaf are visible in this section? 1 sunken stomata 2 two layers of epithelium 3 thick cuticle 4 small surface area to volume A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 3 and 4 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

Accepted Answer

B

Question 27

27 The graph represents data on blood vessels and blood flow. key X Y Z arteries arterioles capillaries venules veins Which row correctly identifies the curves? velocity of pressure of total cross- blood flow blood sectional area A X Y Z B X Z Y C Y Z X D Z X Y

Accepted Answer

C

Question 28

28 What occurs during ventricular systole in a mammalian heart? 1 aortic pressure increases 2 atrial pressure does not change 3 ventricular pressure increases A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

Accepted Answer

B

Question 29

29 The diagram shows a defect in the walls between the atria. fault in wall of atria What effect would this defect have on the blood circulatory system? A increased pressure in the pulmonary artery B irregular heart beat C reduced oxygen saturation of haemoglobin D ventricular systole is delayed

Accepted Answer

C

Question 30

30 Which will not be formed in the plasma in capillaries surrounding active tissue? A carbaminohaemoglobin B carbonic acid C hydrogen carbonate D hydrogen ions

Accepted Answer

A

Question 31

31 Goblet cells are found in the trachea. Which organelles would be found in large numbers in a goblet cell? 1 lysosomes 2 mitochondria 3 rough endoplasmic reticulum 4 secretory vesicles A 1, 2 and 3 only B 2, 3 and 4 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 4 only

Accepted Answer

B

Question 32

32 Which tissues are present in a bronchus?

cartilage ciliated epithelium | smooth muscle
A v v v
B v v x
Cc v x v
D x v v

key
Jv present

X absent

Accepted Answer

A

Question 33

33 Which statements are correct effects of tar in tobacco smoke on the human gas exchange

system?
goblet cells are mucus alands mutations may the activity of
stimulated to in the aches occur in epithelial cilia in the
secrete more are enlaraed cells forming airways is
mucus g tumours inhibited

A Jv v x x key
B x v v v Jv correct
Cc v v v v X not correct
D v x v v

Accepted Answer

C

Question 34

34 The diagram shows the relationship between cholera, measles and TB. 1 2 3 4 5 Which is correct? 1 2 3 4 5 A cholera bacteria TB airborne measles B cholera virus measles waterborne TB C measles airborne cholera bacteria TB D measles waterborne TB virus cholera

Accepted Answer

A

Question 35

35 New-born babies have natural passive immunity.

What is the correct explanation for this?

immunity is
not inherited

antibodies are
broken down

0 Oo WwW >

<< x x

key
Y =correct

X =not correct

~~ { & &

Accepted Answer

C

Question 36

36 Which is a correct description of different types of immunity? natural active natural passive artificial active artificial passive A antibodies cross injection of injection of no memory the placenta antigens antibodies cells form B memory antibodies cross injection of injection of cells form the placenta antigens antibodies C injection of memory antibodies cross injection of antibodies cells form the placenta antigens D injection of injection of no memory antibodies cross antigens antibodies cells form the placenta

Accepted Answer

B

Question 37

37 The World Health Organization (WHO) set a target to eradicate polio, using vaccination, by the year 2000. However, cases are still being reported in some parts of the world after this date. What explains these new cases of polio? 1 Some parts of countries are difficult to reach because of poor transport or wars. 2 There is not enough research to develop more effective vaccines. 3 Records of vaccinated and unvaccinated people are incomplete. A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

C

Question 38

38 The graph shows the annual changes of the following factors in a lake. intensity of light per day numbers of producers numbers of primary consumers quantity of nutrients Which curve represents the numbers of producers? A A increasing quantity B B C C D D winter summer winter time of year

Accepted Answer

C

Question 39

39 Which events can occur in the nitrogen cycle? 1 Inorganic nitrogen in the atmosphere undergoes denitrification by specific prokaryotes. 2 Nitrate concentrations in the soil are increased by nitrifying bacteria in waterlogged soil. 3 Organic nitrogen in legumes passes into the soil where deamination and ammonification occurs. 4 Saprotrophic fungi living in the soil decompose organic nitrogen in faeces. A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 4 D 3 and 4

Accepted Answer

D

Question 40

40 Two different ecosystems of the same size, X and Y, were compared. Both ecosystems have the same climate. The results of the comparison are shown. ecosystem X ecosystem Y greater number of trophic levels fewer number of trophic levels lower proportion of decomposers higher proportion of decomposers dominant producer is smaller dominant producer is larger and non-woody and woody has smaller fluctuation has larger fluctuation in environmental temperature in environmental temperature has less oxygen has more oxygen Using the information in the table, which statement is not a valid suggestion concerning X and Y? A A greater percentage of primary producers are likely to be consumed by primary consumers in X than in Y. B X could be a marine aquatic ecosystem and Y could be a terrestrial ecosystem. C Energy losses between trophic levels are likely to be lower for X than for Y. D There is likely to be a higher rate of photosynthesis and production of organic matter in X than in Y.

Accepted Answer

D

Question paper16 pages

Mark scheme2 pages

Questions as text

Q1 · Which structure is measured in the units shown using a light microscope?

Q2 · A student studied two photographs, at the same magnification, of a palisade mesophyll…

Q3 · A piece of mammalian tissue was homogenised and centrifuged

Q4 · Which row shows features of a typical eukaryotic cell?

Q5 · Many single-celled animals, living in fresh water, possess vacuoles which contract…

Question 6

Q7 · Which row is correct when one molecule of sucrose is hydrolysed?

Q8 · The formation of glycosidic and peptide bonds is responsible for polymerisation in some…

Q9 · The diagrams show the structures of two amino acids, each of which has more than one…

Q10 · Which explains why haemoglobin is able to carry oxygen?

Q11 · Which is correct for a non-competitive inhibitor of enzyme action?

Q12 · The enzyme lysozyme secreted from tear glands forms deposits on contact lenses

Q13 · Which is correct for components of a cell surface membrane?

Q14 · A method called freeze-fracture can be used to study the structure of cell membranes

Q15 · Which statements are descriptions of both facilitated diffusion and active transport?

Q16 · Which statement about the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure is correct?

Q17 · Which statements about cancer are correct?

Q18 · The diagram represents the life cycle of a sexually reproducing animal

Q19 · The following statements describe events that take place during DNA replication and…

Q20 · Which statements about complementary base pairing are correct?

Q21 · What is the minimum number of base substitutions required to change the nucleotide…

Q22 · Which feature of a plant cell is an adaptation for water uptake from the soil solution?

Q23 · A student used a potometer to measure the rate of water loss from a plant by transpiration

Q24 · Which feature of xylem vessel elements helps the cohesion of water?

Q25 · What determines the rate of water movement from the roots to the leaves?

Q26 · The photomicrograph shows a transverse section through a leaf

Q27 · The graph represents data on blood vessels and blood flow

Q28 · What occurs during ventricular systole in a mammalian heart?

Q29 · The diagram shows a defect in the walls between the atria

Q30 · Which will not be formed in the plasma in capillaries surrounding active tissue?

Q31 · Goblet cells are found in the trachea

Q32 · Which tissues are present in a bronchus?

Q33 · Which statements are correct effects of tar in tobacco smoke on the human gas exchange…

Q34 · The diagram shows the relationship between cholera, measles and TB

Q35 · New-born babies have natural passive immunity

Q36 · Which is a correct description of different types of immunity?

Q37 · The World Health Organization (WHO) set a target to eradicate polio, using vaccination…

Q38 · The graph shows the annual changes of the following factors in a lake

Q39 · Which events can occur in the nitrogen cycle?

Q40 · Two different ecosystems of the same size, X and Y, were compared

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