Cambridge A Level Biology 9700 — 2016 Oct/Nov Paper 1 · Variant 3

Question 1

1 Which structure is only found in typical eukaryotic animal cells? A cell surface membrane B centriole C Golgi body D ribosome

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

2 Which letter on the logarithmic scale corresponds to the size of a typical prokaryote? 1 mm 100 µm 10 µm A 1 µm B 100 nm C 10 nm D 1 nm

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

3 Which calculation is used to find the actual length of an organelle from an image? A image size ÷ magnification B image size × magnification C image size × resolution D magnification ÷ image size

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

4 Which statement is correct? A Prokaryotes and chloroplasts have circular DNA where genes carrying the code for cell walls are located. B Prokaryotes and chloroplasts have 70S ribosomes that are the sites for translation and polypeptide synthesis. C Prokaryotes and mitochondria have an outer membrane and a separate inner, folded membrane where ATP synthesis occurs. D Prokaryotes and mitochondria have double-stranded linear DNA where genes carrying coded information are located.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 5

5 The diagram shows a typical animal cell.

Which features are also found in both plant cells and prokaryotic cells?

1 2 3 4 5 6
A v v v v v v key
B v Jv x x x J /¥ = present
Cc v x x v x x X = absent
D x v v v v x

Accepted Answer

B

Question 6

6 A student carried out the Benedict’s test on four different concentrations of glucose solution and then recorded the time taken for the first appearance of a colour change (the end-point). The student found it difficult to identify the first appearance of a colour change and consistently timed each solution for two seconds after it had appeared. This introduced a source of error into the experiment. Which statements about this error are correct? 1 The effect of the error will be reduced if the student performs three repeats at each concentration of glucose. 2 The error will prevent the student from identifying which solution has the highest concentration of glucose. 3 The error is systematic as the student consistently timed each solution for two seconds after the end-point. A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

Accepted Answer

D

Question 7

7 Which row is correct for each of the molecules? collagen haemoglobin sucrose A has a structural contains the formed by function, found in elements carbon, releasing a blood vessel hydrogen, iron, molecule of water walls nitrogen and in a hydrolysis sulfur reaction B molecules consist each non-protein composed of two of three haem group monosaccharides polypeptide contains a central linked by a chains, linked by iron ion glycosidic bond ionic bonds C molecules lie has two identical formed by parallel to each α chains and two condensation of other, with cross- identical β chains two identical links and monosaccharides staggered ends D polypeptide has all four levels digestion yields chains interact to of protein glucose and produce a fibrous structure and at fructose in equal protein least four types of proportions bond

Accepted Answer

D

Question 8

8 The diagram shows how the β-glucose units of cellulose are linked to each other. CH2OH H OH CH2OH H OH O O H H H H H O OH H H O OH H OH H H O OH H H O H H H H O O H OH CH2OH H OH CH2OH What is the significance of the fact that the OH groups on carbon 2 in adjacent glucose molecules are on opposite sides of the molecule? A They can cross-link with other cellulose molecules by both hydrogen and glycosidic bonds. B They can form glycosidic bonds with adjacent OH groups of other cellulose molecules. C They can form hydrogen bonds between the CH2OH and OH on adjacent glucose molecules of the cellulose molecule. D They can form hydrogen bonds with adjacent OH and CH2OH groups of other cellulose molecules.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 9

9 Threonylvaline is a dipeptide formed from the two amino acids, threonine and valine. A peptide bond forms between the carboxyl group of threonine and the amine group of valine. The side-chains (R groups) of the two amino acids are shown. HO CH3 H3C CH3 CH CH threonine valine Which molecular structure is threonylvaline? A B HO CH3 H3C CH3 HO CH3 H3C CH3 CH O CH CH H CH H O H O N C C N C C N C C O N C C H H H H OH H H H H H OH C D H3C CH3 HO CH3 HO CH3 H3C CH3 CH O CH CH CH H O H O N C C N C C N C C N C C H H H H OH H O H H H OH

Accepted Answer

A

Question 10

10 Which feature explains why haemoglobin is soluble? A All four polypeptide chains are linked together to form a spherical molecule. B Each polypeptide chain folds due to interactions between hydrophobic R groups. C The hydrophilic R groups are arranged around the outside of the molecule. D The iron-containing haem group of each polypeptide chain is water soluble.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 11

11 An investigation into the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction was carried out. During the investigation the concentration of the substrate was kept higher than the concentration of the enzyme. During this investigation, which change in the variables would always lead to an increase in the rate of the reaction? 1 increase in enzyme concentration 2 increase in pH 3 increase in temperature A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 1 only

Accepted Answer

D

Question 12

12 The enzymes glucokinase in the liver and hexokinase in the brain both catalyse the phosphorylation of glucose: glucose + ATP → glucose phosphate + ADP The activity of each enzyme was measured at different concentrations of glucose. The graph shows the results. hexokinase activity glucokinase concentration of glucose What describes the different activities of the two enzymes? A Both enzymes hold glucose and ATP molecules together at the active site. B Glucokinase becomes saturated with glucose at a lower concentration of glucose than hexokinase. C Glucokinase phosphorylates more molecules of glucose per minute. D The affinity of hexokinase for glucose is greater than that of glucokinase.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 13

13 The value Km is the substrate concentration at which the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction is Vmax . half its maximum rate, 2 Vmax initial rate Vmax of reaction 2 Km substrate concentration The Km was measured in the presence of a competitive inhibitor and in the presence of a non-competitive inhibitor. What could be the value of Km with inhibitor compared to the value of Km with no inhibitor? value of Km in presence of competitive inhibitor non-competitive inhibitor A less less B less more C more less D the same more

Accepted Answer

C

Question 14

14 Which molecules, found in cell surface membranes, help the immune system to identify cells? 1 cholesterol 2 glycolipids 3 glycoproteins 4 proteins A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

Accepted Answer

D

Question 15

15 The following are all processes by which substances can enter a cell. 1 endocytosis 2 facilitated diffusion 3 osmosis Which processes are passive? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

Accepted Answer

C

Question 16

16 Equal volumes of five concentrations of sodium chloride solution were placed into five containers. An identical piece of plant tissue was placed into each container and left for 48 hours. The plant tissues were removed and the volumes of the sodium chloride solution were accurately measured. The results are shown below. 1.5 1.0 0.5 change in volume of 0 solution / cm3 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.80 0.80 0.80 1.00 1.00 1.00 –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 concentration of sodium chloride / mol dm–3 Which statements explain the results from 0.80 to 1.00 mol dm–3 sodium chloride? 1 There was no net movement of water into or out of the plant tissues. 2 The plant root tissues had a water potential of zero. 3 The plant tissues were fully plasmolysed. A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

Accepted Answer

D

Question 17

17 Chromosome telomeres are essential for DNA replication and are not completely replaced during mitosis. Substance X completely replaces telomeres during mitosis. What will be the effect of growing cells with and without substance X? with substance X without substance X A cells divide continually cell division eventually slows and stops B cells divide more rapidly cells divide continually C cell division eventually slows cell division stops immediately and stops D cell division stops immediately cells divide continually

Accepted Answer

A

Question 18

18 Gene mutations in either the BRCA7 or the BRCA2 genes are responsible for the majority of

hereditary breast cancer in humans.

The proteins produced by the two genes migrate to the nucleus where they interact with other
proteins, such as those produced by the tumour suppressor gene, p53, and the DNA repair gene,

RADS1.

Which combination of gene activity is most likely to result in breast cancer?

gene

Ona > p53 RAD51
A J J V
B J J x
Cc J x V
D x x x

key
/ = gene produces normal protein
X =gene produces abnormal protein

or no protein

Accepted Answer

D

Question 19

19 The information describes some events of mitosis. 1 chromosomes undergo condensation and spiralisation 2 centromeres are pulled by shortening of spindle fibres 3 sister chromatids are orientated across the centre of the cell 4 centrioles separate from each other 5 spindle fibres disperse Which row correctly identifies the stages of mitosis in which these events occur? 1 2 3 4 5 A metaphase telophase prophase metaphase anaphase B prophase anaphase metaphase prophase telophase C prophase metaphase anaphase telophase telophase D telophase metaphase prophase anaphase prophase

Accepted Answer

B

Question 20

20 Which diagram shows a correct ring structure and named nucleic acid base? A B C D adenine cytosine thymine uracil

Accepted Answer

C

Question 21

21 The diagram shows the nucleotide sequence of a small section of a gene which is transcribed. GCGCGCGGCCGC The table shows the amino acids coded for by 10 mRNA codons. mRNA codon amino acid AAG Lys ACG Thr CGG  CGC  CGU Arg CCG Pro GCC  GCG Ala GGC Gly UGC Cys What is the order of the four amino acids in the polypeptide translated from this small section of a gene? A Ala-Ala-Cys-Ala B Ala-Arg-Gly-Ala C Arg-Ala-Pro-Ala D Arg-Arg-Thr-Arg

Accepted Answer

C

Question 22

22 The following events occur during transcription. 1 Bonds break between complementary bases. 2 Bonds form between complementary bases. 3 Sugar-phosphate bonds form. 4 Free nucleotides pair with complementary nucleotides. Before the mRNA molecule leaves the nucleus, which events will have occurred twice? A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 3 and 4 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 1 and 2 only

Accepted Answer

D

Question 23

23 Which statements about water movement in plants are correct? 1 Water cannot pass through cellulose. 2 Water cannot pass through lignin. 3 Water cannot pass through the Casparian strip. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

D

Question 24

24 The diagrams show transverse sections of parts of a plant. leaf stem root 3 1 4 5 6 2 In the transverse sections, which tissues transport water and which tissues transport sucrose? A 1 water 4 3 sucrose 6 B 2 water 3 4 sucrose 5 C 3 water 5 2 sucrose 6 D 4 water 6 2 sucrose 5

Accepted Answer

D

Question 25

25 Which diagram represents the effect of atmospheric humidity on the rate of transpiration? A B rate of rate of transpiration transpiration humidity humidity C D rate of rate of transpiration transpiration humidity humidity

Accepted Answer

B

Question 26

26 Which parts of a plant have plasmodesmata? 1 companion cells 2 phloem sieve tube elements 3 root hair cell A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

A

Question 27

27 The following are all structural components of blood vessels. 1 collagen fibres 2 elastic fibres 3 endothelial cells 4 smooth muscle cells Which row shows the components in an artery and a vein? artery vein A 1, 2 and 4 1, 3 and 4 B 2, 3 and 4 1, 3 and 4 C 1, 2, 3 and 4 1, 2, 3 and 4 D 1, 2, 3 and 4 2, 3 and 4

Accepted Answer

C

Question 28

28 Scientists have shown that the oxygen dissociation curves for haemoglobin of smaller mammals are to the right of those of larger mammals. What does this suggest about the haemoglobin of smaller mammals? A It carries more oxygen when the partial pressure of oxygen is higher. B It releases oxygen less easily at lower partial pressures of oxygen. C It saturates with oxygen more easily. D It unloads oxygen more easily.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 29

29 Which row could be correct for the average blood pressure in different parts of the human circulatory system? blood pressure right artery in vein in capillary atrium arm arm in arm key A + ++++ ++ +++ ++++ highest average blood pressure B ++ ++++ +++ + +++ C +++ ++ ++++ + ++ D ++++ +++ + ++ + lowest average blood pressure

Accepted Answer

A

Question 30

30 Which statements are correct? 1 The activity of carbonic anhydrase increases the hydrogen ion concentration in blood passing through active tissue. 2 Carbon dioxide can react with haemoglobin in red blood cells to form carboxyhaemoglobin. 3 When haemoglobin binds with the hydrogen ion its affinity for oxygen decreases. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

C

Question 31

31 The diagram shows pressure changes during the cardiac cycle. Which arrow indicates atrial systole? 20 D A pressure 10 / kPa B C 0 –1 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 time / s

Accepted Answer

B

Question 32

32 The image shown is a photomicrograph of a transverse section of part of the gas exchange system. What describes the image? A a thin inner layer of ciliated epithelial cells on top of a layer containing cartilage and supported by elastic fibres B a very thin epithelial lining with walls containing elastic fibres, surrounded by many blood vessels C an inner layer of ciliated epithelial and goblet cells on top of elastic fibres and supported by an outer layer consisting of blocks of cartilage D an inner layer of ciliated epithelial and goblet cells on top of loose tissue with mucous glands supported by an outer layer of cartilage

Accepted Answer

C

Question 33

33 The table lists some of the effects of smoking. Which row shows the effect of nicotine and carbon monoxide? nicotine carbon monoxide A decreases heart rate decreases blood pressure B increases blood flow to the feet increases blood pressure C increases blood pressure combines with haemoglobin D increases blood pressure increases heart rate

Accepted Answer

C

Question 34

34 Which statement about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correct? A The disease can often be reversed by treatment. B The disease occurs in people of all ages. C The patient coughs a lot, bringing up mucus. D The patient’s symptoms change over time.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 35

35 Which row is correct? disease pathogen method of infection A cholera bacterium food borne B malaria prokaryote insect bite C measles bacterium water borne D tuberculosis (TB) virus airborne

Accepted Answer

A

Question 36

36 What do pathogens of HIV/AIDS, malaria and TB have in common?

they have a cell they have they have
surface membrane genes ribosomes
A v v v
B v x x
Cc x v v
D x v x

key
¥ present in each causative agent

X not present in each causative agent

Accepted Answer

D

Question 37

37 Which factor might have contributed to the spread of HIV / AIDS? A few clinics and hospitals B insufficient education C malnutrition D poor sanitation

Accepted Answer

B

Question 38

38 Which event will occur following antigen-antibody binding? A agglutination of bacteria to reduce their spread B decreased susceptibility to phagocytosis C more helper T cells are activated by the release of cytokines D more plasma cells are cloned to produce more antigens

Accepted Answer

A

Question 39

39 Which statements about macrophages are correct? 1 More are found in tissues such as the lungs, than in the blood. 2 They have a role in antigen presentation. 3 They can engulf pathogens, dust particles and damaged body cells. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

A

Question 40

40 The graph shows the antibody concentration in blood following vaccination and a booster vaccination 28 days later. booster vaccination secondary response vaccination antibody concentration primary response 0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 time / days Which statements about the changes in antibody concentration are correct? 1 Antibody concentration falls after the primary response because antibodies are broken down and are no longer being produced. 2 The secondary response is more rapid due to memory B cells produced from activated B cells in the primary response. 3 The secondary response lasts longer than the primary response because memory B cells live longer than plasma B cells. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

A

Question paper20 pages

Mark scheme2 pages

Questions as text

Q1 · Which structure is only found in typical eukaryotic animal cells?

Q2 · Which letter on the logarithmic scale corresponds to the size of a typical prokaryote?

Q3 · Which calculation is used to find the actual length of an organelle from an image?

Q4 · Which statement is correct?

Q5 · The diagram shows a typical animal cell

Q6 · A student carried out the Benedict’s test on four different concentrations of glucose…

Q7 · Which row is correct for each of the molecules?

Q8 · The diagram shows how the β-glucose units of cellulose are linked to each other

Q9 · Threonylvaline is a dipeptide formed from the two amino acids, threonine and valine

Q10 · Which feature explains why haemoglobin is soluble?

Q11 · An investigation into the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction was carried out

Q12 · The enzymes glucokinase in the liver and hexokinase in the brain both catalyse the…

Q13 · The value Km is the substrate concentration at which the rate of an enzyme-catalysed…

Q14 · Which molecules, found in cell surface membranes, help the immune system to identify…

Q15 · The following are all processes by which substances can enter a cell

Q16 · Equal volumes of five concentrations of sodium chloride solution were placed into five…

Q17 · Chromosome telomeres are essential for DNA replication and are not completely replaced…

Q18 · Gene mutations in either the BRCA7 or the BRCA2 genes are responsible for the majority of…

Q19 · The information describes some events of mitosis

Q20 · Which diagram shows a correct ring structure and named nucleic acid base?

Q21 · The diagram shows the nucleotide sequence of a small section of a gene which is…

Q22 · The following events occur during transcription

Q23 · Which statements about water movement in plants are correct?

Q24 · The diagrams show transverse sections of parts of a plant

Q25 · Which diagram represents the effect of atmospheric humidity on the rate of transpiration?

Q26 · Which parts of a plant have plasmodesmata?

Q27 · The following are all structural components of blood vessels

Q28 · Scientists have shown that the oxygen dissociation curves for haemoglobin of smaller…

Q29 · Which row could be correct for the average blood pressure in different parts of the human…

Q30 · Which statements are correct?

Q31 · The diagram shows pressure changes during the cardiac cycle

Q32 · The image shown is a photomicrograph of a transverse section of part of the gas exchange…

Q33 · The table lists some of the effects of smoking

Q34 · Which statement about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correct?

Q35 · Which row is correct?

Q36 · What do pathogens of HIV/AIDS, malaria and TB have in common?

Q37 · Which factor might have contributed to the spread of HIV / AIDS?

Q38 · Which event will occur following antigen-antibody binding?

Q39 · Which statements about macrophages are correct?

Q40 · The graph shows the antibody concentration in blood following vaccination and a booster…

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