Cambridge A Level Biology 9700 — 2010 May/June Paper 1 · Variant 1

Question 1

1 Which structures are measured using these units? 10–3 m 10–6 m 10–9 m A chloroplast ribosome nucleus B nucleus chloroplast xylem vessel C ribosome xylem vessel chloroplast D xylem vessel nucleus ribosome

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

2 The diagram below is drawn from an electron micrograph of an animal cell. Which represents the same cell, seen under a light (optical) microscope at ×400 magnification?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

3 The diagram shows a stage micrometer, with divisions 0.1 mm apart, viewed through an eyepiece containing a graticule. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10 What is the area of the field of view of the microscope at this magnification? (π = 3.14) A π × 12.5 × 12.5 = 4.9 × 102 µm2 B π × 55 × 55 = 9.5 × 103 µm2 C π × 125 × 125 = 4.9 × 104 µm2 D π × 250 × 250 = 2.0 × 105 µm2

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

4 Which structures are found in both animal and plant cells? 1 centriole 2 lysosome 3 nucleolus 4 vacuole A 1 and 3 only B 2 and 4 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

Accepted Answer

C

Question 5

5 Which observations suggest that a cell is eukaryotic?

0 Oo WwW >

cytoplasm
includes
endoplasmic
reticulum

v

x
x
v

protein
molecules are
associated
with the DNA

K & & x

ribosomes
distributed
through the
cytoplasm

v

x
x
v

key
¥ = found in eukaryotes

X = not found in eukaryotes

Accepted Answer

D

Question 6

6 When making measurements in experiments, which methods have parallax errors? 1 using a calibrated eyepiece graticule to measure length 2 using a measuring cylinder to measure volume 3 using a ruler to measure length of a shoot A 1 and 2 only B 2 and 3 only C 3 and 1 only D 1, 2 and 3

Accepted Answer

B

Question 7

7 A student tested four samples of food, A, B, C and D, for the presence of • lipids • protein • reducing sugars • starch One of the food samples, milk, was found to contain lipid, protein and reducing sugar. Which of the food samples, shown in the results below, is milk? observation adding iodine in boiling with mixing with adding biuret sample potassium iodide Benedict’s ethanol and reagent solution solution adding to water A lilac orange orange precipitate milky emulsion B lilac blue-black blue milky emulsion C pale blue blue-black orange precipitate clear D pale blue orange blue clear

Accepted Answer

A

Question 8

8 Which statement describes how the molecular structure of starch is suited to its function? A Amylose has a branched structure and amylopectin is coiled to give a compact molecule for transport. B In the breakdown of amylose and amylopectin, many hydrolysis reactions release stored energy. C In the formation of amylose and amylopectin, many condensation reactions allow the release of stored energy. D The final amylose / amylopectin complex is insoluble and does not affect the osmotic properties of the cell.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 9

9 Which diagram represents part of the ring form of a molecule of β-glucose? A B C D H O O OH H O O H HO O O O H HO O O O OH HO H HO OH H OH H H

Accepted Answer

A

Question 10

10 How many fatty acid residues are normally present in a phospholipid molecule? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

Accepted Answer

B

Question 11

11 As a frozen lake warms after a cold winter, mineral nutrients are brought to the surface. Which properties of water contribute to this process? 1 Its greatest density is at 4 °C. 2 It has high specific heat capacity. 3 It is a solvent. 4 Its molecules form hydrogen bonds. A 1 and 3 only B 1 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 and 4 only

Accepted Answer

A

Question 12

12 Which feature distinguishes starch from glycogen? A Starch contains α-glucose. B Starch contains 1,6 glycosidic bonds. C Starch has an unbranched component. D Starch is a polysaccharide.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 13

13 Which feature of haemoglobin makes it a globular protein? A It has four cross-linked polypeptide chains forming a quaternary structure. B It has hydrophobic groups on the inside and hydrophilic groups on the outside. C It has hydrophobic interactions and is insoluble in water. D It has polypeptide chains which are cross-linked to form sheets.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 14

14 An enzyme is completely denatured at 50 °C. A fixed concentration of this enzyme is added to a fixed concentration of its substrate. The time taken for completion of the reaction is measured at different temperatures. Which graph shows the results? A B time taken time taken for completion for completion of the reaction of the reaction 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 20 30 40 50 60 temperature / °C temperature / °C C D time taken time taken for completion for completion of the reaction of the reaction 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 20 30 40 50 60 temperature / °C temperature / °C

Accepted Answer

A

Question 15

15 The enzyme lysozyme secreted from tear glands forms deposits on contact lenses. Which ingredient would be effective in a contact lens cleaner for removing these deposits? A ethanol B lysosomes C pH buffers D proteases

Accepted Answer

D

Question 16

16 Membranes within and at the surface of cells have different roles. The diagram allows the identification of the various organelles within the cell, by describing the membrane structure and function. membrane encloses cell contents encloses a structure cell surface membrane within the cell possesses pores no pores present allows exit of mRNA protein synthesis 1 2 single membrane double membrane transports lipid allows oxygen allows carbon dioxide enzymes synthesis to enter to enter 3 4 5 6 Which of the outcomes shown below correctly identifies the organelles that possess the membrane and function concerned? 1 2 3 4 5 6 A chloroplast vesicle smooth ER rough ER nucleolus mitochondrion B nucleolus rough ER vesicle smooth ER nucleus mitochondrion C nucleus rough ER vesicle smooth ER mitochondrion chloroplast D nucleus smooth ER mitochondrion rough ER vesicle chloroplast

Accepted Answer

C

Question 17

17 Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell? 1 active transport 2 diffusion 3 facilitated diffusion 4 osmosis A 2 and 4 only B 1, 2 and 3 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

Accepted Answer

D

Question 18

18 Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown. 1 2 3 4 5 Which cells were placed in which solution? 1.0 mol dm–3 sucrose 0.1 mol dm–3 salt solution A 1 and 2 3 and 5 B 1 and 4 3 C 2 and 4 1 and 3 D 3 and 5 2 and 4

Accepted Answer

D

Question 19

19 What occurs in anaphase of mitosis? A chromatids line up on the equator of the cell B chromatids reach the poles of the spindle C chromatids separate and move to opposite poles D chromatids start to coil up and become visible

Accepted Answer

C

Question 20

20 The diagram shows chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis. What are the diploid and haploid numbers for this species? diploid haploid A 4 8 B 8 4 C 8 16 D 16 8

Accepted Answer

B

Question 21

21 What would be the result of analysing part of a DNA molecule? A hexose sugars and phosphates in equal proportion, and an equal number of cytosine and guanine bases B nucleotides and phosphates in equal proportion, and an equal number of adenine and cytosine bases C pentose sugars and phosphates in equal proportion, and an equal number of adenine and thymine bases D twice as many phosphates as pentose sugars, and an equal number of adenine and guanine bases

Accepted Answer

C

Question 22

22 DNA is said to replicate in a semi-conservative way. Results of Meselson and Stahl’s experiments gave overwhelming support to this theory. They used E. coli which has a generation time of 50 minutes. Here are the steps in their experiment but they are in the wrong order. P All bacteria contain 15N DNA. Q All bacteria contain hybrid DNA (15N DNA and 14N DNA). R Bacteria contain either all 14N DNA or hybrid DNA. S Bacteria grown in a 15N medium for many generations. T Bacteria transferred to a 14N medium and sampled every 50 minutes. Which sequence of letters shows the correct order of the steps in the experiment? A P → Q → R → S → T B P → S → T → R → Q C S → P → T → Q → R D S → R → Q → P → T

Accepted Answer

C

Question 23

23 What is the minimum number of base substitutions required to change the nucleotide sequence of the HbA (normal) allele to the HbS (sickle cell) allele? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

Accepted Answer

A

Question 24

24 In a DNA molecule, the base sequence AGT codes for the amino acid serine. What is the base sequence of the anti-codon on the tRNA to which serine becomes attached? A AGU B GAU C TCA D UCA

Accepted Answer

A

Question 25

25 The diagrams represent the cross section of the stem, root and leaf of a non-woody dicotyledonous plant. In each section the distribution of the tissues is shown. 1 5 3 2 4 6 Which sequence of numbers correctly identifies the distribution of xylem and phloem in the stem, root and leaf? xylem phloem A 1 3 5 2 4 6 B 1 4 6 2 4 5 C 2 3 6 1 3 5 D 2 4 5 1 3 6

Accepted Answer

D

Question 26

26 What occurs in the sieve tube elements of a photosynthesising leaf and an actively growing root? sieve tube elements in leaf sieve tube elements in root A water potential decreases sugars are moved in B water potential decreases sugars are moved out C water potential increases sugars are moved in D water potential increases sugars are moved out

Accepted Answer

B

Question 27

27 Some soil-borne fungi cause wilting in crop plants by growing within the xylem vessels. Which process will be directly affected by these fungi? A cohesion between water molecules B development of root pressure C mass flow during translocation D uptake of water by root hair cells

Accepted Answer

A

Question 28

28 The trace represents the electrical activity of the heart during a single heart beat. R T P Q S Which letters identify the flow of current through the atria and the recovery of the ventricle walls? A P and R B P and T C Q and R D Q and S

Accepted Answer

B

Question 29

29 What is systolic blood pressure? A the blood pressure in the arteries when the heart is relaxing B the blood pressure in the left ventricle at the end of a contraction C the maximum blood pressure in the arteries D the maximum blood pressure in the right ventricle

Accepted Answer

C

Question 30

30 Aortic stenosis is a heart valve disorder in which the aortic semi-lunar valve opening is narrow. Which effect could aortic stenosis have on the heart structure and function? A The tendons of the heart valves are weakened by blood being forced back through the bicuspid/left atrio-ventricular valve into the left atrium. B The cardiac muscle of the left ventricle wall is thinned by blood leaking out of the left ventricle during ventricular diastole. C There is less cardiac muscle in the left ventricle and reduced diastolic blood pressure, caused by the smaller blood volume entering the left atrium. D The wall of the left ventricle thickens, leading to an enlarged heart and inability to relax and fill completely during diastole.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 31

31 The diagram shows a section through a type of epithelium.

Where is this type of epithelium found in the respiratory system?

trachea bronchus all bronchioles alveolus
A v v Jv x key
B Jv J x x /¥ = present
Cc x x v v X = absent
D x x x v

Accepted Answer

B

Question 32

32 Which statement is an example of epidemiological evidence linking smoking to lung cancer? A Chemical analysis of tar from cigarettes shows that it contains carcinogens. B Dogs made to inhale the smoke from cigarettes develop lung tumours. C The incidence of lung cancer increases in a population as more cigarettes are smoked. D When tar from cigarettes is rubbed onto the skin of mice, the mice develop skin tumours.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 33

33 The diagram shows a spirometer trace with tidal volume and vital capacity. 6 volume / dm3 5 X 4 vital tidal 3 capacity volume 2 Y 1 0 time What happens to the volumes labelled X and Y during moderate exercise? volume X volume Y A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

Accepted Answer

A

Question 34

34 What are the causative agents of cholera, malaria and TB? cholera malaria TB A bacterium insect virus B bacterium protoctist bacterium C virus insect virus D virus protoctist bacterium

Accepted Answer

B

Question 35

35 40 % of the world’s population live in an area where malaria is a threat to health. In recent years there have been many more cases in Africa. What is the social factor that is letting the spread of malaria get out of control? A an increase in drug resistant forms of malaria B climate change C difficulty in producing a vaccine D migration of people because of wars

Accepted Answer

D

Question 36

36 What is a difference between T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes in the immune system? T-lymphocytes B-lymphocytes do not form plasma cells form plasma cells which secrete A antibodies into the blood stream do not stimulate macrophages to stimulate macrophages to carry out B carry out phagocytosis phagocytosis C formed from cells in the thymus formed from bone marrow cells D produce memory cells do not produce memory cells

Accepted Answer

A

Question 37

37 In an investigation into the immune response, a volunteer was exposed to two different antigens, X and Y. The relative antibody concentration in the blood was measured at regular intervals over 60 days. The graph shows the time when the volunteer was exposed to each antigen and the antibody concentration against time for antigens X and Y. antibody concentration antibody for antigen X / arbitrary units antibody for antigen Y 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 first exposure second exposure time / days to antigen X to antigen X first exposure to antigen Y What is the explanation for the results displayed on the graph? A A primary and secondary immune response against antigen X occurred, with the memory B-lymphocytes inhibiting the secondary immune response against antigen Y. B A primary immune response to antigen Y occurred and memory B-lymphocytes specific to antigen Y enhanced the secondary immune response to antigen X. C Memory B-lymphocytes specific to antigen X enabled a secondary immune response to occur; different B-lymphocytes were activated for a primary immune response for antigen Y. D Plasma cells remaining from the first exposure to antigen X undergo rapid clonal selection to produce high levels of antibody against antigen X and lower levels of antibody against antigen Y.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 38

38 The diagram shows a tropical ocean food chain with 10 % efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels. herbivorous carnivorous phytoplankton small fish tuna zooplankton zooplankton Net primary production of phytoplankton is 1300 g m–3 yr –1. What is the net primary production per year for the carnivorous zooplankton and the tuna? net primary production of net primary production of tuna carnivorous zooplankton / g m–3 yr –1 / g m–3 yr–1 A 1.3 × 101 1.3 × 10–1 B 1.3 × 100 1.3 × 10–2 C 1.3 × 10–1 1.3 × 10–2 D 1.3 × 10–2 1.3 × 10–4

Accepted Answer

A

Question 39

39 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle. nitrogen gas 2 1 reduction nitrate ions (NO3) – ammonium ions (NH4) + reduction 4 ammonium ions (NH4) + proteins 3 Which sequence of numbers correctly shows the roles of different types of microorganism in the nitrogen cycle? decomposing denitrifying nitrifying (putrefying) bacteria bacteria bacteria A 2 4 3 B 3 1 2 C 3 1 4 D 4 2 1

Accepted Answer

C

Question 40

40 Two species of animal are found in the same area of forest and grassland. In the spring and summer they eat the same plant food. However, in the autumn and winter one eats nuts in the forest and the other eats roots on the grassland. Both species are preyed upon by the same predator. Numbers of root-eating animals are reduced most by this, but they recover faster since they reproduce faster. What can be concluded about these two species of animals? 1 They are part of the same community. 2 They are at different trophic levels. 3 They occupy different habitats. 4 They have different niches. A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 4 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 1, 3 and 4 only

Accepted Answer

B

Question paper20 pages

Mark scheme2 pages

Questions as text

Q1 · Which structures are measured using these units?

Q2 · The diagram below is drawn from an electron micrograph of an animal cell

Q3 · The diagram shows a stage micrometer, with divisions 0.1 mm apart, viewed through an…

Q4 · Which structures are found in both animal and plant cells?

Q5 · Which observations suggest that a cell is eukaryotic?

Q6 · When making measurements in experiments, which methods have parallax errors?

Q7 · A student tested four samples of food, A, B, C and D, for the presence of • lipids •…

Q8 · Which statement describes how the molecular structure of starch is suited to its function?

Q9 · Which diagram represents part of the ring form of a molecule of β-glucose?

Q10 · How many fatty acid residues are normally present in a phospholipid molecule?

Q11 · As a frozen lake warms after a cold winter, mineral nutrients are brought to the surface

Q12 · Which feature distinguishes starch from glycogen?

Q13 · Which feature of haemoglobin makes it a globular protein?

Q14 · An enzyme is completely denatured at 50 °C

Q15 · The enzyme lysozyme secreted from tear glands forms deposits on contact lenses

Q16 · Membranes within and at the surface of cells have different roles

Q17 · Which processes allow movement into and out of a cell?

Q18 · Some plant and animal cells were placed in different solutions and the results are shown

Q19 · What occurs in anaphase of mitosis?

Q20 · The diagram shows chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis

Q21 · What would be the result of analysing part of a DNA molecule?

Q22 · DNA is said to replicate in a semi-conservative way

Q23 · What is the minimum number of base substitutions required to change the nucleotide…

Q24 · In a DNA molecule, the base sequence AGT codes for the amino acid serine

Q25 · The diagrams represent the cross section of the stem, root and leaf of a non-woody…

Q26 · What occurs in the sieve tube elements of a photosynthesising leaf and an actively…

Q27 · Some soil-borne fungi cause wilting in crop plants by growing within the xylem vessels

Q28 · The trace represents the electrical activity of the heart during a single heart beat

Q29 · What is systolic blood pressure?

Q30 · Aortic stenosis is a heart valve disorder in which the aortic semi-lunar valve opening is…

Q31 · The diagram shows a section through a type of epithelium

Q32 · Which statement is an example of epidemiological evidence linking smoking to lung cancer?

Q33 · The diagram shows a spirometer trace with tidal volume and vital capacity

Q34 · What are the causative agents of cholera, malaria and TB?

Q35 · 40 % of the world’s population live in an area where malaria is a threat to health

Q36 · What is a difference between T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes in the immune system?

Q37 · In an investigation into the immune response, a volunteer was exposed to two different…

Q38 · The diagram shows a tropical ocean food chain with 10 % efficiency of energy transfer…

Q39 · The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle

Q40 · Two species of animal are found in the same area of forest and grassland

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