Gas exchange in humans — Paper 1 · IGCSE Science - Combined 0653

6 Which structures in the human breathing system contain goblet cells and cilia? A alveoli and bronchi B alveoli and pleural membranes C bronchi and trachea D pleural membranes and trachea

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2005

5 The diagram shows a section through part of a lung. blood capillary carbon dioxide diffuses out air in and out X oxygen diffuses in What is structure X? A alveolus B bronchus C pleural membrane D trachea

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2006

5 The diagram shows an alveolus and one of its capillaries. wall of alveolus capillary wall red blood cells What moves in the direction shown by the arrows? A carbon dioxide B hydrogen C oxygen D water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2006

5 Four students assembled apparatus intended to show that air breathed out contains more carbon dioxide than air breathed in. Which apparatus is assembled correctly? A B breathe breathe in and out in and out key carbon dioxide indicator C D breathe breathe in and out in and out

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2007

6 The diagram shows apparatus that can be used to demonstrate that the air breathed out by a person contains more carbon dioxide than the air breathed in. The person breathes in and out at X. X Y Z limewater Where does air enter and leave the apparatus? air enters at air leaves at A Y Y B Y Z C Z Y D Z Z

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2007

6 The diagram shows the thorax. Which part has a lining containing goblet cells? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2008

7 The diagram shows a section through part of a lung. blood capillary carbon dioxide diffuses out of blood air in and out X oxygen diffuses into blood What is structure X? A alveolus B bronchus C pleural membrane D trachea

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2009

6 The diagram shows some cells from the lining of the human trachea. What is the function of these cells? A absorption of oxygen into the blood B excretion of carbon dioxide from the blood C removal of mucus from the trachea D secretion of mucus into the trachea

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2010

6 The diagram shows some cells from the lining of the human trachea. What is the function of these cells? A absorption of oxygen into the blood B excretion of carbon dioxide from the blood C removal of mucus from the trachea D secretion of mucus into the trachea

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2010

6 The diagram shows some cells from the lining of the human trachea. What is the function of these cells? A absorption of oxygen into the blood B excretion of carbon dioxide from the blood C removal of mucus from the trachea D secretion of mucus into the trachea

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2010

6 The diagram shows an alveolus and one of its capillaries. wall of alveolus capillary wall red blood cells What moves in the direction shown by the arrows? A carbon dioxide B hydrogen C oxygen D water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2010

7 The diagram shows an alveolus and one of its capillaries. wall of alveolus capillary wall red blood cells What moves in the direction shown by the arrows? A carbon dioxide B hydrogen C oxygen D water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2010

6 The diagram shows an alveolus and one of its capillaries. wall of alveolus capillary wall red blood cells What moves in the direction shown by the arrows? A carbon dioxide B hydrogen C oxygen D water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2010

5 Which health problems may result from smoking cigarettes? bronchitis emphysema lung cancer A v v v B v x x Cc x v v D x v x key Jv = yes xX =no

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2011

8 Which health problems may result from smoking cigarettes? bronchitis emphysema lung cancer A v v v B v x x Cc x v v D x v x key v/=yes X =no

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2011

6 When a leaf is photosynthesising, in which direction do gases diffuse through the stomata? carbon dioxide oxygen A in in B in out C out in D out out

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2011

6 Which substance makes up a higher percentage of expired air compared to inspired air? A carbon dioxide B nitrogen C noble gases D oxygen

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2013

6 How do the contents of expired air differ from those of inspired air? carbon dioxide nitrogen oxygen A less less more B more more less C more same less D same more same

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2013

2 What causes oxygen to diffuse into the blood from an alveolus in the lungs? A The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is higher than in the atmosphere. B The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is lower than in the blood. C The oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is higher than the carbon dioxide concentration. D The oxygen concentration in the blood is lower than in the alveolus.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2014

8 The graph shows the changes in volume of air in a person’s lungs while at rest. volume of air in lungs time The person runs a race. Which graph shows the changes in the volume of air immediately after the person finishes the race? All five graphs use the same scales. A B volume volume of air of air in lungs in lungs time time C D volume volume of air of air in lungs in lungs time time

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2014

2 What causes oxygen to diffuse into the blood from an alveolus in the lungs? A The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is higher than in the atmosphere. B The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is lower than in the blood. C The oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is higher than the carbon dioxide concentration. D The oxygen concentration in the blood is lower than in the alveolus.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2014

9 Which statement is proved correct by breathing through the apparatus shown in the diagram? mouth piece air in air out limewater A Expired air contains less carbon dioxide than inspired air. B Expired air contains more carbon dioxide than inspired air. C Inspired air contains less oxygen than expired air. D Inspired air contains more oxygen than expired air.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2014

4 What causes oxygen to diffuse into the blood from an alveolus in the lungs? A The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is higher than in the atmosphere. B The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is lower than in the blood. C The oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is higher than the carbon dioxide concentration. D The oxygen concentration in the blood is lower than in the alveolus.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2014

5 The graph shows the changes in volume of air in a person’s lungs while at rest. volume of air in lungs time The person runs a race. Which graph shows the changes in the volume of air immediately after the person finishes the race? All five graphs use the same scales. A B volume volume of air of air in lungs in lungs time time C D volume volume of air of air in lungs in lungs time time

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2014

8 Four students assembled apparatus intended to show that air breathed out contains more carbon dioxide than air breathed in. Which apparatus is assembled correctly? A B breathe breathe in and out in and out key carbon dioxide indicator C D breathe breathe in and out in and out

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2014

9 Which gives these structures in order of their increasing diameter? A bronchi → bronchioles → trachea B bronchi → trachea → bronchioles C bronchioles → bronchi → trachea D trachea → bronchi → bronchioles

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2014

8 Which gives these structures in order of their increasing diameter? A bronchi → bronchioles → trachea B bronchi → trachea → bronchioles C bronchioles → bronchi → trachea D trachea → bronchi → bronchioles

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2014

10 Four students assembled apparatus intended to show that air breathed out contains more carbon dioxide than air breathed in. Which apparatus is assembled correctly? A B breathe breathe in and out in and out key carbon dioxide indicator C D breathe breathe in and out in and out

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2014

8 Four students assembled apparatus intended to show that air breathed out contains more carbon dioxide than air breathed in. Which apparatus is assembled correctly? A B breathe breathe in and out in and out key carbon dioxide indicator C D breathe breathe in and out in and out

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2014

8 The diagram shows the volume of air in the lungs over a period of 30 s for a person at rest. 5 4 volume 3 of air in lungs 2 / dm3 1 0 0 10 20 30 time / s The following graphs show the volume of air in the lungs over a similar period of time when the same person is no longer at rest. Which graph records the rate and depth of breathing during vigorous activity? A B 5 5 4 4 volume volume 3 3 of air of air in lungs 2 in lungs 2 / dm3 / dm3 1 1 0 0 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 time / s time / s C D 5 5 4 4 volume volume 3 3 of air of air in lungs 2 in lungs 2 / dm3 / dm3 1 1 0 0 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 time / s time / s

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2015

8 The diagram shows some structures in the human thorax (chest). Into which part does carbon dioxide pass immediately after leaving the blood? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2015

2 Which process depends on diffusion? A circulation B digestion C gaseous exchange D phagocytosis

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2015

8 The diagram shows some structures in the human thorax (chest). Into which part does carbon dioxide pass immediately after leaving the blood? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2015

7 The diagram shows some structures in the human thorax (chest). Into which part does carbon dioxide pass immediately after leaving the blood? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2015

8 Carbon dioxide turns limewater milky (cloudy). Which diagram shows apparatus being used to demonstrate that expired air contains more carbon dioxide than inspired air? A B breathe in and out breathe in and out slowly through slowly through air this tube air air this tube air limewater limewater milky clear milky clear C D breathe in and out breathe in and out slowly through slowly through air this tube air air this tube air limewater limewater clear milky clear milky

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2015

9 Where does most of the oxygen enter the blood? A an alveolus B a bronchiole C a bronchus D the trachea

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2016

8 How do the contents of inspired air differ from those of expired air? carbon dioxide oxygen A less less B less more C more less D more more

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2016

8 Limewater turns cloudy if a certain gas is bubbled through it. Why will the limewater look different when expired air rather than inspired air is bubbled through it? A Limewater detects oxygen in the inspired air. B Oxygen has been taken from the expired air. C There is less nitrogen in the expired air. D There is more carbon dioxide in the expired air.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2016

8 The diagram shows a section through part of a lung. blood capillary carbon dioxide air in diffuses out and out of blood X oxygen diffuses into blood What is structure X? A alveolus B bronchiole C larynx D trachea

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2016

8 What makes up a higher percentage of inspired air compared with expired air? A carbon dioxide B nitrogen C noble gases D oxygen

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2016

2 How does carbon dioxide move out of the cells that form the walls of the alveoli into the surrounding air? A absorption B breathing C diffusion D respiration

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2016

8 Limewater is a colourless liquid. What happens to limewater when you breathe into it? A It stays colourless. B It turns blue. C It turns cloudy. D It turns yellow.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/12 Feb/March 2017

8 The diagram shows apparatus at the start of a breathing experiment. mouthpiece limewater tube X tube Y A person breathes in and out through the mouthpiece for a short time. Which row shows the results? limewater in tube X limewater in tube Y A stays clear stays clear B stays clear turns cloudy C turns cloudy stays clear D turns cloudy turns cloudy

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2017

8 The diagram shows apparatus at the start of a breathing experiment. mouthpiece limewater tube X tube Y A person breathes in and out through the mouthpiece for a short time. Which row shows the results? limewater in tube X limewater in tube Y A stays clear stays clear B stays clear turns cloudy C turns cloudy stays clear D turns cloudy turns cloudy

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2017

8 The diagram shows apparatus at the start of a breathing experiment. mouthpiece limewater tube X tube Y A person breathes in and out through the mouthpiece for a short time. Which row shows the results? limewater in tube X limewater in tube Y A stays clear stays clear B stays clear turns cloudy C turns cloudy stays clear D turns cloudy turns cloudy

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2017

9 The depth and rate of breathing can be measured by a spirometer, and recorded in the form of a graph. Graph X shows the depth and rate of breathing of a person at rest. graph X 4.0 3.5 volume of air in 3.0 lungs / dm3 2.5 2.0 0 30 time / s Which graph shows the depth and rate of breathing when the same person is running? A B 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.5 volume volume of air in 3.0 of air in 3.0 lungs / dm3 lungs / dm3 2.5 2.5 2.0 2.0 0 30 0 30 time / s time / s C D 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.5 volume volume of air in 3.0 of air in 3.0 lungs / dm3 lungs / dm3 2.5 2.5 2.0 2.0 0 30 0 30 time / s time / s

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2017

9 The table shows the percentage of some gases in four samples of air. Which sample is expired air? percentage of gas carbon oxygen nitrogen dioxide A 1 16 75 B 1 21 78 C 4 16 78 D 4 21 75

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2017

9 The depth and rate of breathing changes depending on the activity the body is doing. Which row shows the effects of strenuous physical exercise on the depth and rate of breathing? depth of rate of breathing breathing A deep fast B deep slow C shallow fast D shallow slow

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/12 Feb/March 2018

9 Which row states how the composition of expired air is different to the composition of inspired air? concentration of gases in expired air carbon dioxide oxygen nitrogen water vapour A less less unchanged unchanged B less more less more C more less unchanged more D more more less unchanged

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2018

2 Which process depends on diffusion? A circulation B digestion C gaseous exchange D phagocytosis

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2018

9 The diagram shows the human gas exchange system. Which is the larynx? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/12 Feb/March 2019

6 The graphs P, Q and R show the changes in the volume of air in the lungs of the same person, measured after different levels of activities. P Q 2 2 volume volume of air in 1 of air in 1 lungs / dm3 lungs / dm3 0 0 0 10 20 0 10 20 time / s time / s R 2 volume of air in 1 lungs / dm3 0 0 10 20 time / s Which row shows the correct graph for each level of activity? immediately immediately at rest after 10 minutes after 10 minutes of running of walking A P Q R B P R Q C R Q P D R P Q

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2019

6 What is the route for carbon dioxide passing out of the body? A alveoli → capillaries → bronchioles → bronchi → trachea → larynx B alveoli → capillaries → bronchi → bronchioles → larynx → trachea C capillaries → alveoli → bronchi → bronchioles → trachea → larynx D capillaries → alveoli → bronchioles → bronchi → trachea → larynx

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2019

6 Physical activity affects our rate and depth of breathing. What happens during increased physical activity? rate of breathing depth of breathing A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2019

7 The concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen in expired air differ from the concentrations in inspired air. concentration in gas expired air 1 carbon dioxide higher 2 carbon dioxide lower 3 oxygen higher 4 oxygen lower Which rows correctly show the difference? A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2019

6 The diagram shows an alveolus and a blood capillary. 2 1 4 3 Which two arrows represent gas exchange by diffusion only? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2019

6 The diagram shows an alveolus and a blood capillary. 2 1 4 3 Which two arrows represent gas exchange by diffusion only? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2019

7 A student uses the apparatus shown to investigate the composition of inspired and expired air. breathe in and out slowly through this tube air in air out limewater X Y What is the appearance of the limewater after one minute of breathing in and out? tube X tube Y A clear clear B clear cloudy C cloudy clear D cloudy cloudy

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2020

8 The graphs show the effects of different levels of activity on the rate and depth of breathing. P Q 1500 1500 volume 1000 volume 1000 of breath of breath / cm3 500 / cm3 500 0 0 0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40 time / s time / s R 1500 volume 1000 of breath / cm3 500 0 0 10 20 30 40 time / s Which graphs show the rate and depth of breathing during exercise and during rest? exercise rest A P Q B P R C Q P D Q R

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/12 Feb/March 2021

7 The diagram shows the human gas exchange system. X What is the part labelled X? A alveolus B bronchus C larynx D trachea

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2021

7 The diagram shows apparatus that is used to investigate the differences in composition between inspired and expired air. mouth tube limewater tube 1 tube 2 A person breathes in and out through the mouth tube. Which row describes the conditions for tube 2 after several breaths? type of air appearance passed through of limewater limewater A expired clear B expired cloudy C inspired clear D inspired cloudy

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2021

8 The diagram shows some of the structures associated with the gas exchange system in humans. Which labelled structure is the trachea? C D B A

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2021

8 Physical activity affects our rate and depth of breathing. What happens during increased physical activity? rate of breathing depth of breathing A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2022

8 Physical activity affects our rate and depth of breathing. What happens during increased physical activity? rate of breathing depth of breathing A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2022

8 Which route does inspired air take to reach the alveoli? A larynx  trachea  bronchi  bronchioles B larynx  trachea  bronchioles  bronchi C trachea  larynx  bronchi  bronchioles D trachea  larynx  bronchioles  bronchi

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2022

9 Physical activity affects our rate and depth of breathing. What happens during increased physical activity? rate of breathing depth of breathing A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2022

7 When at rest, a student measures his rate of breathing and the volume of air inspired. volume of air inspired number of breaths per minute per minute / dm3 12 6.0 He then runs 400 m and immediately measures his breathing again. Which set of results does he obtain? volume of air inspired number of breaths per minute per minute / dm3 A 12 6.0 B 12 12.5 C 30 6.0 D 30 12.5

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2022

9 A student tests her exhaled breath by blowing through a straw into some limewater. straw limewater Which statements are correct about this test? colour of limewater colour of limewater what the test shows at start of test at end of test A colourless milky white carbon dioxide is present in the exhaled breath B colourless milky white water vapour is present in the exhaled breath C milky white colourless carbon dioxide is present in the exhaled breath D milky white colourless water vapour is present in the exhaled breath

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2022

9 A student tests her exhaled breath by blowing through a straw into some limewater. straw limewater Which statements are correct about this test? colour of limewater colour of limewater what the test shows at start of test at end of test A colourless milky white carbon dioxide is present in the exhaled breath B colourless milky white water vapour is present in the exhaled breath C milky white colourless carbon dioxide is present in the exhaled breath D milky white colourless water vapour is present in the exhaled breath

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2022

8 The table shows the differences in the composition of carbon dioxide, oxygen and water vapour for inspired and expired air. Which row shows the most likely composition for human inspired and expired air? carbon dioxide % oxygen % water vapour % inspired expired inspired expired inspired expired A 4 0.04 21 16 1 1 B 0.04 4 21 16 1 6 C 0.04 4 16 21 6 1 D 4 0.04 16 21 6 6

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/12 Feb/March 2023

8 The diagram shows the human gas exchange system. Which labelled part is the lung? B A C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2023

7 From which lung structure does oxygen pass into the blood? A alveoli B bronchi C bronchioles D trachea

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2023

8 A student carries out vigorous exercise for 10 minutes. Which statements are correct for what happens during the exercise? 1 The pulse rate increases. 2 The depth of breathing increases. 3 The rate of breathing increases. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2023

8 Which chemical is used to test for carbon dioxide in expired air? A Benedict’s solution B distilled water C iodine solution D limewater

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/11 Oct/Nov 2023

7 A student is investigating the differences in composition of samples of inspired and expired air. What can he use to test for carbon dioxide? A biuret solution B limewater C ethanol D iodine solution

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2023

7 A student is investigating the differences in composition of samples of inspired and expired air. What can he use to test for carbon dioxide? A biuret solution B limewater C ethanol D iodine solution

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2023

9 The diagram shows the human gas exchange system. X What is the part labelled X? A bronchiole B bronchus C larynx D trachea

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0653/12 Feb/March 2024

8 Which row is correct for inspired air when it is compared to expired air? oxygen carbon dioxide water vapour A higher lower higher B higher lower lower C lower higher lower D lower higher higher

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2024

9 The diagram shows the human gas exchange system. X Which part of the gas exchange system is labelled X? A bronchus B diaphragm C rib D trachea

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/11 May/June 2024

9 A student competes in a running race at school. What is the effect on the student’s rate and depth of breathing during the race? rate of breathing depth of breathing A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/12 May/June 2024

9 The table shows differences in composition between some of the gases in inspired and expired air. Which row shows the correct composition for these gases? inspired air expired air A more carbon dioxide more water vapour B more oxygen less water vapour C less carbon dioxide more water vapour D less oxygen less water vapour

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0653/13 May/June 2024

7 The diagram shows the human respiratory system. X What is the structure labelled X? A bronchiole B intercostal muscle C rib D trachea

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/12 Oct/Nov 2024

7 The diagram shows the human respiratory system. X What is the structure labelled X? A bronchiole B intercostal muscle C rib D trachea

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0653/13 Oct/Nov 2024