Motion — Paper 3 · IGCSE Physics 0625

1 A bus travels from one bus stop to the next. The journey has three distinct parts. Stated in For order they are Examiner’s uniform acceleration from rest for 8.0 s, Use uniform speed for 12 s, non-uniform deceleration for 5.0 s. Fig. 1.1 shows only the deceleration of the bus. 15 speed m/s 10 5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 time/s Fig. 1.1 (a) On Fig. 1.1, complete the graph to show the first two parts of the journey. [3] (b) Calculate the acceleration of the bus 4.0 s after leaving the first bus stop. acceleration = … [2] (c) Use the graph to estimate the distance the bus travels between 20 s and 25 s. estimated distance = … [2] (d) On leaving the second bus stop, the uniform acceleration of the bus is 1.2 m / s2. The mass of the bus and passengers is 4000 kg. Calculate the accelerating force that acts on the bus. force = … [2] (e) The acceleration of the bus from the second bus stop is less than that from the first bus stop. Suggest two reasons for this. 1. … … 2. … … [2]

11 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) point 8,12 identified B1 straight line joining 0,0 and 8,12 B1 straight line joining 8,12 and 20,12 B1 3 (b) acceleration = change in v/change in t or 12/8 etc C1 = 1.5 m/s2 A1 2 (c) distance = area under graph between t = 20 and t = 25 C1 = 24 m to 28 m A1 2 (d) F = ma or 4000 x 1.2 C1 = 4800 N A1 2 (e) more passengers got on (so mass increased) driver pressed accelerator less (so force decreased) more traffic or going uphill any two lines B2 2 [11]

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2006

1 (a) A stone falls from the top of a building and hits the ground at a speed of 32 m/s. For The air resistance-force on the stone is very small and may be neglected. Examiner’s Use (i) Calculate the time of fall. time = … (ii) On Fig. 1.1, draw the speed-time graph for the falling stone. 40 30 speed m/s 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 time/s Fig. 1.1 (iii) The weight of the stone is 24 N. Calculate the mass of the stone. mass = … [5] (b) A student used a suitable measuring cylinder and a spring balance to find the density of For a sample of the stone. Examiner’s Use (i) Describe how the measuring cylinder is used, and state the readings that are taken. … … … … (ii) Describe how the spring balance is used, and state the reading that is taken. … … (iii) Write down an equation from which the density of the stone is calculated. … (iv) The student then wishes to find the density of cork. Suggest how the apparatus and the method would need to be changed. … … … [6]

11 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) t = v/g or 32/10 C1 = 3.2 s A1 (ii) straight line starting at zero, inclined C1 line joining 0,0 and 3.2, 32, accept c.f. from time (i) A1 (iii) 2.4 kg A1 [5] (b) (i) take volume of water before use B1 (totally) immerse stone and take new volume B1 (Not clearly measured before and after C1) (ii) hang rock from balance and take reading B1 (iii) density = mass/volume B1 (iv) need to tie "sinker" or cork or press cork down B1 need volume with sinker then volume with sinker and cork or just completely submerge cork B1 [6] [Total: 11]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2006

3 Fig. 3.1 shows water falling over a dam. For Examiner’s Use dam falling water 7.0 m Fig. 3.1 (a) The vertical height that the water falls is 7.0 m. Calculate the potential energy lost by 1.0 kg of water during the fall. potential energy = … [2] (b) Assuming all this potential energy loss is changed to kinetic energy of the water, calculate the speed of the water, in the vertical direction, at the end of the fall. speed = … [3] (c) The vertical speed of the water is less than that calculated in (b). Suggest one reason for this. … … [1]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 3 (a) p.e. lost = mgh or 1 x 10 x 7 C1 = 70 J A1 [2] (b) 70 = 0.5 x m x v2 or ecf C1 v2 = 140 or 2 x p.e. C1 v = 12 m/s A1 [3] (c) some p.e. changed to heat/sound/either one/work done against air resistance air/resistance acts against the motion B1 [1] [Total: 6]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2006

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a model car moving clockwise around a horizontal circular track. direction of movement P model circular car track Fig. 1.1 (a) A force acts on the car to keep it moving in a circle. (i) Draw an arrow on Fig. 1.1 to show the direction of this force. [1] (ii) The speed of the car increases. State what happens to the magnitude of this force. … [1] (b) (i) The car travels too quickly and leaves the track at P. On Fig. 1.1, draw an arrow to show the direction of travel after it has left the track. [1] (ii) In terms of the forces acting on the car, suggest why it left the track at P. … … … [2] Examiner’s Use (c) The car, starting from rest, completes one lap of the track in 10 s. Its motion is shown graphically in Fig. 1.2. 30 25 20 speed / cm / s 15 10 5 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 time / s Fig. 1.2 (i) Describe the motion between 3.0 s and 10.0 s after the car has started. … [1] (ii) Use Fig. 1.2 to calculate the circumference of the track. circumference = … [2] (iii) Calculate the increase in speed per second during the time 0 to 3.0 s. increase in speed per second = … [2] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) straight arrow towards centre, by eye B1 [1] (ii) force larger B1 [1] (b) (i) straight arrow along tangent at P clockwise, by eye B1 [1] (ii) friction between tyres and track provide centripetal force B1 friction too small (to provide required force) B1 [2] (c) (i) constant speed/velocity OR uniform motion OR no acceln. B1 [1] NOT constant motion (ii) (3 × 25)/2 + (7 × 25) OR area under graph C1 212.5 cm any no s.f. ğ 2 A1 [2] (iii) 25/3 or increase in speed/time C1 8.33 cm/s any no s.f. ğ 2 OR 8⅓ cm/s accept cm/s2 A1 [2] [Total: 10]

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2007

7 Two students are asked to determine the speed of sound in air on the school playing fields. (a) List the apparatus they need. … … … [1] (b) List the readings that the students need to take. … … … [1] (c) State how the speed of sound is calculated from the readings. … [1] (d) State one precaution that could be taken to improve the accuracy of the value obtained. … … [1] (e) The table gives some speeds. speed/ speed of sound speed of sound m/s in air in water 10 100 1000 10 000 Place a tick in the table to show the speed which is closest to (i) the speed of sound in air, (ii) the speed of sound in water. [2] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 7 (a) source of sound (e.g. gun/hooter), tape (100 m), stopwatch B1 [1] NOT clock, metre rule (unless lab method) (b) distance and time between “flash and bang” (must be clear) B1 [1] (c) distance/time OR d/t OR 2d/t B1 [1] (d) further apart/more accurate timer/repeat/any other B1 [1] (e) speed of sound in air, tick 100 B1 speed of sound in water, tick 1000 B1 [2] [Total: 6]

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2007

1 A large plastic ball is dropped from the top of a tall building. Fig. 1.1 shows the speed-time graph for the falling ball until it hits the ground. 20 15 speed m / s 10 5 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) From the graph estimate, (i) the time during which the ball is travelling with terminal velocity, time = … [1] (ii) the time during which the ball is accelerating, time = … [1] (iii) the distance fallen while the ball is travelling with terminal velocity, distance = … [2] (iv) the height of the building. height = … [2] Examiner’s Use (b) Explain, in terms of the forces acting on the ball, why (i) the acceleration of the ball decreases, … … … … [3] (ii) the ball reaches terminal velocity. … … [2] [Total: 11]

11 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) 1.6s to 1.8s ALLOW 4.2 – 6s ALLOW 4.4 – 6s NOT 2s NOT 4.0 – 6s B1 (ii) 6 – his (i), evaluated ALLOW 0 – 4.2s ALLOW 0 – 4.4s NOT 0 – 4s e.c.f. B1 (iii) his (i) × 20 C1 32 – 36m or his (i) × 20 evaluated allow B1 only for 40m with no working A1 (iv) area under whole graph or ½vt + his(iii) C1 70 – 95m A1 (b) (i) weight of ball down and (air) resistance up OR friction opposes weight ) upward/resistance/friction force increases with time/distance/speed/as ball falls ) any 3 B1×3 net force reduces ) less force, so less acceleration ) (ii) up force = down force OR no resultant force OR air res. = weight B1 no net force, no acceleration/constant speed B1 [Total: 11]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2007

2 Fig. 2.1 shows a track for a model car. P S Q 0.5 m 0.4 m 0.4 m T R Fig. 2.1 The car has no power supply, but can run down a sloping track due to its weight. (a) The car is released at Q. It comes to rest just before it reaches S and rolls back. (i) Describe the motion of the car after it starts rolling back and until it eventually comes to rest. … … … [2] (ii) Explain in terms of energy transformations why the car, starting at Q, cannot pass S. … … … [1] (b) A second car, of mass 0.12 kg, is released from P. It continues until it runs off the track at T. Calculate the maximum speed that the car could have at T assuming friction in the car is negligible. speed = … [3] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) (i) down to R and up towards Q/S, then reverse OR equivalent OR back towards Q, then reverse B1 continues backward and forward until stops (at R) B1 (ii) idea of energy loss OR because of friction NOT PE/KE B1 (b) (PE lost =) 1.2 × 0.5 OR 0.6 (J) OR 0.12 × 10 × 0.5 OR mgh OR wt × dist C1 i.e. evidence of mgh 0.5 × 0.12 × v2 = mgh OR 0.6 etc. e.c.f. C1 i.e. evidence of ½mv2 3.16 OR 3.2 m/s c.a.o. A1 [Total: 6] IGCSE – October/November 2007 0625 03

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2007

1 An engineering machine has a piston which is going up and down approximately 75 times For per minute. Examiner’s Use Describe carefully how a stopwatch may be used to find accurately the time for one up-and- down cycle of the piston. … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 4]

4 marks

Mark scheme: 1 check zero on stopwatch OR repeat OR other sensible precaution B1 start stopwatch at some recognisable point in the cycle B1 stop stopwatch after at least 10 cycles OR count no. of cycles in at least 10 s B1 divide time by number of cycles B1 [4]

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2009

2 (a) A certain volume of water at room temperature and the same volume of ice in a freezer For are each heated through the same temperature rise. Examiner’s Use Which of them will have the greater expansion, and why? Which? … Why? … [1] (b) For strength, concrete pillars are usually reinforced with metal rods, which are embedded in the concrete before it sets. The list below shows how much a length of 1 m of each material expands when the temperature rises by 1 °C. aluminium 0.03 mm concrete 0.01 mm steel 0.01 mm Use this information to decide which metal should be used to reinforce concrete, why it is suitable, and why the other metal is not suitable. Which metal should be used? … Why is it suitable? … Why is the other metal unsuitable? … … [3] [Total: 4]

4 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) water AND liquids expand more than solids B1 (b) steel M1 (steel) expands at same rate / has same expansion (as concrete) A1 different expansion AND cracks / breaks / damages / destroys concrete A1 [4]

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2009

3 (a) Fig. 3.1 shows a skier descending a hillside. Fig. 3.2 shows the speed/time graph of his For motion. Examiner’s Use 6 speed 4 m / s 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 time / s Fig. 3.1 Fig. 3.2 (i) How can you tell that the acceleration of the skier is constant during the 8 s shown on the graph? … [1] (ii) Calculate the acceleration of the skier. acceleration = … [2] (b) Another skier starts from rest at the top of the slope. As his speed increases the friction force on the skier increases. (i) State the effect of this increasing friction force on the acceleration. … [1] (ii) Eventually the speed of the skier becomes constant. What can be said about the friction force when the speed is constant? … [2] (iii) 1. On the axes of Fig. 3.3, sketch a possible speed/time graph for the motion of For the second skier. Examiner’s Use speed 0 time 0 Fig. 3.3 2. On your graph, mark with the letter A a region where the acceleration is not constant. Mark with the letter B the region where the speed is constant. [4] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 3 (a) (i) straight line OR constant gradient / slope OR change in speed with time constant OR speed proportional to time B1 (ii) increase in velocity / time OR a = v/t , symbols, words or numbers C1 0.75 m/s2 A1 (b) (i) decreases OR acceleration slows (down) NOT ‘it slows down’ C1 (ii) equal to forward / downward force / force down slope OR constant / maximum OR (giving) no resultant force C1 equal to component of weight (down slope) A1 (iii) 1 graph starting at origin B1 curved from start AND decreasing gradient AND horizontal final part B1 2 label A on any correct curved region B1 label B on horizontal region B1 [10]

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2009

4 (a) A force acting on an object causes the object to accelerate. For Examiner’s In which direction is the acceleration? Use … [1] (b) Any object moving in a circle has a force acting on it towards the centre of the circle. What does this force do to the object? … [1] (c) A woman of mass 60 kg is standing in a lift at a shopping centre. (i) The lift is at rest. 1. State the value of the weight of the woman. … [1] 2. State the value of the force exerted on the woman by the floor of the lift. … [1] (ii) Calculate the force required to accelerate a mass of 60 kg at 2.5 m / s2. force = … [2] (iii) The lift accelerates upwards at 2.5 m / s2. Calculate the force exerted on the woman by the floor when the lift is accelerating. force = … [1] (iv) The lift reaches a steady upward speed. State the value of the force exerted on the woman by the floor at this steady speed. … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 4 (a) in direction of the force Do not accept forward on is own. B1 (b) changes direction / causes acceleration / stops straight line motion / keeps object from leaving circle / keeps path circular / pulls object into circle B1 (c) (i) 1. 600 N B1 2. same as his 1. accept 600 N if no value given in (c) (i) 1. B1 (ii) ma OR 60 × 2.5 C1 150 N A1 (iii) 750 N e.c.f. from (c) (i) 2 and/or (c) (ii) B1 (iv) same as his (c) (i) 2 accept 600 N if no value given in (c) (i) 2. B1 [8]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2009

4 Fig. 4.1 illustrates an object on a string being whirled anticlockwise in a vertical circle. For Examiner’s A string Use B ground Fig. 4.1 The lowest point of the circle is a small distance above the ground. The diagram shows the object at the top A of the circle, and at B, when it is at the same height as the centre of the circle. (a) On Fig. 4.1, mark clearly (i) the force of the string on the object 1. at A, 2. at B. [2] (ii) the path the object would take until it hit the ground, if the string broke 1. at A, 2. at B. [3] (b) The mass of the object is 0.05 kg. At A, the tension in the string is 3.6 N. (i) Calculate the weight of the object. weight = … [1] (ii) Calculate the total force on the object at A. total force = … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 4 (a) (i) 1. force marked towards centre B1 2. force marked towards centre B1 (ii) 1. clearly horizontal at start to left or right M1 horizontal to the left curving down to reach ground to left of A B1 2. vertically down, not necessarily to reach ground B1 (b) Allow use of g = 9.81 or 9.8 throughout (i) 0.5 N B1 (ii) 4.1 N or 3.1 N e.c.f. from (i) C1 4.1 N e.c.f. from (i) A1 [8]

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2009

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed/time graph for a car travelling along a straight road. For Examiner’s The graph shows how the speed of the car changes as the car passes through a small Use town. 35 D 30 speed m / s A 25 enters leaves 20 town town here here 15 B C 10 5 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Describe what happens to the speed of the car (i) between A and B, … (ii) between B and C, … (iii) between C and D. … [1] (b) Calculate the distance between the start of the town and the end of the town. For Examiner’s Use distance = … [3] (c) Calculate the acceleration of the car between C and D. acceleration = … [3] (d) State how the graph shows that the deceleration of the car has the same numerical value as its acceleration. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) decreases / braking / decelerating ) constant / steady / nothing ) all 3 B1 increases / accelerate ) (b) speed x time in any form, symbols, numbers or words OR any area under graph used or stated C1 13 (m/s) OR 24 (s) seen or used in correct context C1 312 m A1 (c) rate of change of speed OR gradient of graph OR 18/12 C1 18 (m/s) OR 12 (s) seen or used in correct context C1 1.5 m/s2 A1 (d) same gradient / slope OR equal speed changes in equal times OR allow graph symmetrical B1 [8] 2 2

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2010

3 Two students make the statements about acceleration that are given below. For Examiner’s Student A: For a given mass the acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant Use force applied to the object. Student B: For a given force the acceleration of an object is proportional to the mass of the object. (a) One statement is correct and one is incorrect. Re-write the incorrect statement, making changes so that it is now correct. For a given … the acceleration of an object is … … [1] (b) State the equation which links acceleration a, resultant force F and mass m. [1] (c) Describe what happens to the motion of a moving object when (i) there is no resultant force acting on it, … [1] (ii) a resultant force is applied to it in the opposite direction to the motion, … [1] (iii) a resultant force is applied to it in a perpendicular direction to the motion. … [1] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 3 (a) 2nd statement re-written to include force in first gap and inversely proportional to mass in second gap. NOT indirectly proportional B1 (b) F = ma OR in words in any correct arrangement B1 (c) (i) nothing OR continues as before OR same / constant velocity OR same / constant speed & direction OR no acceleration B1 (ii) idea of retardation. Ignore stop. Ignore brakes. Ignore goes in opposite direction B1 (iii) moves in (arc of a) circle or curve OR deflected OR turns OR changes direction B1 [5] IGCSE – May/June 2010 0625 31

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2010

7 During a thunderstorm, thunder and lightning are produced at the same time. For Examiner’s (a) A person is some distance away from the storm. Use Explain why the person sees the lightning before hearing the thunder. … … … [1] (b) A scientist in a laboratory made the following measurements during a thunderstorm. time from start of storm / minutes 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 time between seeing lightning and hearing thunder / s 3.6 2.4 1.6 2.4 3.5 4.4 Fig. 7.1 (i) How many minutes after the storm started did it reach its closest point to the laboratory? … [1] (ii) How can you tell that the storm was never immediately over the laboratory? … [1] (iii) When the storm started, it was immediately above a village 1200 m from the laboratory. Using this information and information from Fig. 7.1, calculate the speed of sound. speed of sound = … [2] (iv) State the assumption you made when you calculated your answer to (b)(iii). … [1] (c) Some waves are longitudinal; some waves are transverse. For Examiner’s Some waves are electromagnetic; some waves are mechanical. Use Put ticks (✓) in the table below to indicate which of these descriptions apply to the light waves of the lightning and the sound waves of the thunder. light waves sound waves longitudinal transverse electromagnetic mechanical [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 7 (a) idea of light travelling (much) faster than sound B1 (b) (i) 4.0 (min) B1 (ii) always a (measurable) time difference / never zero time difference Ignore time would be less B1 (iii) distance/time in any form, symbols, words, numbers OR 1200/3.6 C1 333.3 m/s to 2 or more sig figs A1 (iv) idea of light travelling instantaneously OR no wind OR idea of lightning at ground level OR no obstruction to sound Ignore echoes B1 (c) light waves sound waves longitudinal ✓ transverse ✓ electromagnetic ✓ mechanical ✓ –1 e.e.o.o. i.e. 1 mark subtracted from 3 for each error or omission B3 [9] IGCSE – May/June 2010 0625 31

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2010

2 A car travels around a circular track at constant speed. (a) Why is it incorrect to describe the circular motion as having constant velocity? … [1] (b) A force is required to maintain the circular motion. (i) Explain why a force is required. … … … [2] (ii) In which direction does this force act? … [1] (iii) Suggest what provides this force. … [1] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) constant velocity must be in a straight line/direction of motion is changing B1 (b) (i) if no force, then constant velocity in straight line OR force is needed to change direction B1 body moving in circle is changing direction/velocity/accelerating so force is needed B1 (ii) towards centre (of circle)/at right angles to motion/inwards B1 (iii) friction between tyres and road/reaction from banking of track B1 [Total: 5]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2010

5 Fig. 5.1 shows a model cable-car system. It is driven by an electric motor coupled to a gear system. gears m 6.0 electric 2.0 m motor model cable-car smooth pulley Fig. 5.1 The model cable-car has a mass of 5.0 kg and is lifted from the bottom pulley to the top pulley in 40 s. It stops automatically at the top. (a) Calculate (i) the average speed of the cable-car, average speed = … [2] (ii) the gravitational potential energy gained by the cable-car, gravitational potential energy gained = … [2] (iii) the useful output power of the driving mechanism. power = … [2] (b) How would the electrical power input to the motor compare with your answer to (a)(iii)? … [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 5 (a) (i) (speed =) distance/time in any form, words, letters, numbers C1 0.15 m/s or 15 cm/s A1 (if answer only, 1 mark for either if no units) (ii) (PE =) mgh OR mgh OR Wh symbols, words or numbers C1 100 J OR 98.1 J OR 98 J A1 (iii) his (ii)/40 OR his (ii)/4 C1 2.5 W OR 2.45 W e.c.f. from (ii) A1 (b) (input) greater/output less NOT a numerical factor B1 [Total: 7]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2010

1 A hillside is covered with snow. A skier is travelling down the hill. Fig. 1.1 The table below gives the values of the acceleration of the skier at various heights above the bottom of the hill. height / m 350 250 150 50 acceleration 7.4 3.6 1.2 0 m / s2 (a) On Fig. 1.2, plot the values given in the table, using dots in circles. Draw the best curve for these points. [2] 8 7 acceleration m / s2 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 height / m Fig. 1.2 (b) Describe what is happening, during the descent, to (i) the acceleration of the skier, … … … [1] (ii) the speed of the skier. … … … [1] (c) The acceleration becomes zero before the skier reaches the bottom of the hill. Use ideas about forces to suggest why this happens. … … [1] (d) Below a height of 50 m, further measurements show that the acceleration of the skier has a negative value. What does this mean is happening to the speed of the skier in the last 50 m? … … [1] (e) The skier has a mass of 60 kg. Calculate the resultant force on the skier at a height of 250 m. resultant force = … [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) all points plotted correctly ±½ small square B1 smooth curve through points, by eye B1 (b) (i) decreasing OR idea of greater at greater heights NOT decelerating B1 (ii) increasing OR idea of slower at greater heights NOT accelerating B1 (c) idea of resultant force becomes zero B1 (d) decreasing/slowing down, ignore deceleration NOT accelerating B1 (e) F = ma in any form, letters, words, numbers C1 (a =) 3.6 (m/s2) c.a.o. C1 (F =) 216 N / 220 N A1 [Total: 9]

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2010

1 A young athlete has a mass of 42 kg. On a day when there is no wind, she runs a 100 m race in 14.2 s. A sketch graph (not to scale) showing her speed during the race is given in Fig. 1.1. speed m / s 8.0 0 0 3.0 14.2 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Calculate (i) the acceleration of the athlete during the first 3.0 s of the race, acceleration = … [2] (ii) the accelerating force on the athlete during the first 3.0 s of the race, force = … [2] (iii) the speed with which she crosses the finishing line. speed = … [3] (b) Suggest two differences that might be seen in the graph if there had been a strong wind opposing the runners in the race. 1. … … 2. … … [2] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) (v – u)/t OR v/t OR 8/3 C1 2.7 m/s2 A1 (ii) ma OR 42 × answer from (i) OR 42 × 8/3 C1 110/112 N e.c.f. A1 (iii) (distance in 1st 3 secs =) 12 m OR (dist in last 3 secs =) 88 m C1 use of area of trapezium OR area of “top” triangle C1 7.7 m/s A1 (b) longer time to top speed ) longer total time ) lower top speed ) lower finishing speed ) any 2 B1+B1 specific/all speeds lower (not speed decreases) ) less slope/less acceleration (in first section) ) greater slope/greater deceleration in 2nd section ) [Total: 9]

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2010

1 In a laboratory, an experiment is carried out to measure the acceleration of a trolley on a horizontal table, when pulled by a horizontal force. trolley force Fig. 1.1 The measurements are repeated for a series of different forces, with the results shown in the table below. force / N 4.0 6.0 10.0 14.0 acceleration 0.50 0.85 1.55 2.25 m / s2 (a) On Fig. 1.2, plot these points and draw the best straight line for your points. [2] 16 force / N 12 8 4 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 acceleration m / s2 Fig. 1.2 (b) The graph shows that below a certain force there is no acceleration. (i) Find the value of this force. … [1] (ii) A force smaller than that in (b)(i) is applied to the stationary trolley. Suggest what happens to the trolley, if anything. … [1] (c) Show that the gradient of your graph is about 5.7. gradient = … [1] (d) (i) State the equation that links resultant force F, mass m and acceleration a. [1] (ii) Use your gradient from (c) to find the mass of the trolley. mass = … [2] (e) On Fig. 1.3, sketch a speed / time graph for a trolley with constant acceleration. speed 0 0 time Fig. 1.3 [1] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) all points correctly plotted ±½ small square B1 straight line of best fit for candidate’s points B1 (b) (i) candidate’s correct value with unit (± 0.2), (expect 1.2 N) B1 (ii) remains stationary / nothing happens / no acceleration NOT constant speed B1 (c) Correct data from candidates graph for ∆F and ∆m, used in ∆F/∆m B1 (d) (i) F = ma in any form, letters, words B1 (ii) gradient = F/a OR gradient = m ignore m=F/a C1 candidate’s (c) with correct unit A1 (e) straight line of positive gradient B1 [9]

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2011

1 (a) Complete the table below to identify the physical quantities as scalars or vectors. physical quantity scalar or vector speed velocity distance force kinetic energy [3] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows the path of a football as it is kicked along the ground between three players. The distances between the players are shown on Fig. 1.1. A 18 m B 21 m C Fig. 1.1 The ball takes 1.2 s to travel from player A to player B. (i) Calculate the average speed of the ball between A and B. average speed = … [2] (ii) Player B kicks the ball to player C. It travels with the same average speed. Calculate the time taken for the ball to travel from B to C. time = … [2] (iii) Suggest why the speed of the ball might change during its motion from A to B. … … [1] (iv) Discuss whether the average velocities, from A to B and from B to C, are the same. … … … [1] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) scalar, vector, scalar, vector, scalar B3 (b) (i) (average speed) = distance / time OR 18/1.2 C1 = 15 m / s A1 (ii) (time =) (total) distance / speed OR 21/15 C1 = 1.4 s A1 (iii) air resistance / friction / force opposing motion B1 (iv) velocity changes because direction changes B1 [9]

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2011

1 (a) Complete the table below to identify the physical quantities as scalars or vectors. physical quantity scalar or vector speed velocity distance force kinetic energy [3] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows the path of a football as it is kicked along the ground between three players. The distances between the players are shown on Fig. 1.1. A 18 m B 21 m C Fig. 1.1 The ball takes 1.2 s to travel from player A to player B. (i) Calculate the average speed of the ball between A and B. average speed = … [2] (ii) Player B kicks the ball to player C. It travels with the same average speed. Calculate the time taken for the ball to travel from B to C. time = … [2] (iii) Suggest why the speed of the ball might change during its motion from A to B. … … [1] (iv) Discuss whether the average velocities, from A to B and from B to C, are the same. … … … [1] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) scalar, vector, scalar, vector, scalar B3 (b) (i) (average speed) = distance / time OR 18/1.2 C1 = 15 m / s A1 (ii) (time =) (total) distance / speed OR 21/15 C1 = 1.4 s A1 (iii) air resistance / friction / force opposing motion B1 (iv) velocity changes because direction changes B1 [9]

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2011

1 (a) Define acceleration. Explain any symbols in your definition. … … [1] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows a graph of speed against time for a train. After 100 s the train stops at a station. 30 25 speed m / s 20 15 10 5 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 time / s Fig. 1.1 (i) For the time interval between 40 s and 100 s, calculate the distance travelled by the train. distance = … [2] (ii) The train stops for 80 s, then accelerates to 30 m / s with an acceleration of 0.60 m / s2. It then travels at constant speed. Complete the graph for the interval 100 s to 280 s, showing your calculations in the space below. [5] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) acceleration = v – u OR ∆v (symbols used to be explained) t t OR change of velocity ÷ time OR rate of change of velocity OR change of velocity per second / in 1 sec (allow ‘in a certain time’) B1 accept speed for velocity (b) (i) use of any area under graph C1 750 m A1 (ii) time = change of speed ÷ acceleration OR 30/0.60 C1 = 50 (s) A1 if working for t = 50 s not shown, allow 2 marks for correct use of 50 s graph: along y-axis to 180 s / rise starts at 180 s B1 from x-axis rises to 30 m/s at 230 s / candidate’s calculated time B1 horizontal from top of slope to 280 s B1 [8] allow ½ square tolerance at 180 s where relevant allow ecf from wrong t

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2011

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a simple pendulum being used by a student to investigate the energy changes at various points in the pendulum’s swing. pivot string light sensor 2.000 m (connected to timing circuit) (from pivot to centre of mass of cylinder) narrow light beam small cylinder light source mass 80 g Fig. 1.1 (a) When the string is displaced by a small angle from the vertical, the height of the cylinder changes so that its centre of mass is now 1.932 m below the pivot. Determine the gravitational potential energy gained by the cylinder. Use g = 10 m / s2. gravitational potential energy gained = … [3] (b) The cylinder is released from the displaced position in (a). Calculate the expected speed of the cylinder when the string is vertical. expected speed = … [2] (c) As the string passes through the vertical, the narrow beam of light is interrupted by the cylinder for 22 ms. The cylinder has a diameter of 2.5 cm. (i) Calculate the actual speed of the cylinder. actual speed = … (ii) Suggest how the difference between the actual and expected speeds could occur. … … … … [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) ∆h = 0.068 m C1 use of mgh C1 0.054 J/Nm A1 [3] (b) ½mv2 = candidate’s (a) C1 1.2 m/s ecf from (a) A1 [2] (c) (i) use of distance ÷ time C1 = 1.1 m/s A1 (ii) air or wind resistance / friction / heat / thermal energy OR correct mention of experimental error e.g. width of cylinder B1 [3]

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2011

2 The racing car shown in Fig. 2.1 uses a Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS). This system stores within the car some of the kinetic energy lost when the car slows down for a corner. The driver can later release the stored energy when maximum power is required. Fig. 2.1 (a) The car approaches a corner and decelerates from 82 m / s to 61 m / s in 0.90 s. Calculate the deceleration. deceleration = … [2] (b) (i) The energy lost during the braking in (a) is 8.4 × 105 J. 40% of this lost energy is directed to the KERS system. Determine the amount of energy stored. energy stored = … (ii) The driver later uses all of this stored energy to give 60 kW of useful extra power for 3.0 s. Calculate the energy released. energy released = … (iii) Calculate the efficiency of the KERS system. efficiency = … [4] (c) Suggest a possible device to store energy when a moving vehicle slows down. For this device, state the change that occurs as more energy is stored. device … change … … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) (i) use of a = ∆v/t in any form C1 23.3 m/s2 ignore sign A1 [2] (b) (i) 336 000 J B1 [1] (ii) use of power × time C1 = 180 000 J A1 [2] (iii) 54% OR 0.54 ecf from (i) and (ii) B1 [1] accept (= 180 000/840 000) 21% OR 0.21 (c) anything sensible for a moving vehicle, e.g. flywheel / capacitor / battery M1 appropriate change for this device, for example: flywheel: speed or kinetic energy capacitor: voltage or charge or electrical energy battery: voltage or charge or electrical or chemical energy A1 [2]

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2011

7 (a) State an approximate value for (i) the speed of sound in air, … (ii) the speed of light in air. … [2] (b) Use your value from (a)(i) to calculate the frequency of a sound wave that has a wavelength of 1.2 m. frequency = … [2] (c) A meteorologist observes an approaching thunderstorm and records a time difference of 4.8 s between seeing a lightning flash and hearing the thunder that follows. (i) Calculate the distance of the thunderstorm from the meteorologist. distance = … (ii) State an assumption you made when calculating this distance. … … … [2] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 7 (a) (i) 320-350 m/s condone 100 – 999 m/s B1 (ii) 3 × 108 m/s condone 2 – 4 × 108 m/s B1 [2] (b) use of v = fλ C1 correct evaluation of candidate’s (a)(i)/1.2 (330 m/s gives 275 Hz) A1 [2] (c) (i) correct evaluation of candidate’s (a)(i) × 4.8 (330 m/s gives 1584m) B1 IGCSE – October/November 2011 0625 32 (ii) clear statement that light travels instantaneously o.w.t.t.e. OR distance of thunderstorm same as distance travelled by sound OR thunder and lightning caused by same event OR negligible wind B1 [2]

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2011

2 A person is standing on the top of a cliff, throwing stones into the sea below. cliff sea Fig. 2.1 (a) The person throws a stone horizontally. (i) On Fig. 2.1, draw a line to show the path which the stone might take between leaving the person’s hand and hitting the sea. (ii) On the line you have drawn, at a point halfway to the sea, mark the stone and the direction of the force on the stone. [3] (b) Later, the person drops a small stone and a large stone vertically from the edge of the cliff. Comment on the times taken for the two stones to hit the water. … … … … [2] (c) 800 m from the point where the person is standing, a navy ship is having target practice. The person finds that if a stone is dropped vertically at the same time as the spurt of smoke from the ship’s gun is seen, the stone hits the water at the same time as the sound from the gun is heard. Sound travels at 320 m / s in that region. Calculate the velocity with which the stone hits the water. velocity = … [4] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) (i) downward curve B1 initially horizontal at top and not vertical at bottom B1 (ii) force shown vertically down (accept leaning back a small amount) B1 (b) any two from: same (times) / air resistance negligible / same acceleration B2 OR times different B1 one has (more) air resistance B1 (c) (time =) 800/320 C1 2.5 (s) C1 (v =) at OR 10 × candidate’s t value C1 25 m/s A1 [9]

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2011

2 (a) Underline the vectors in the following list of quantities. For Examiner’s density energy force mass velocity volume [2] Use (b) A small metal ball is projected into the air with a velocity of 40 m / s vertically upwards. The graph in Fig. 2.1 shows how the velocity changes with time until the ball reaches its maximum height. 40 velocity m / s 20 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 time / s –20 –40 Fig. 2.1 Use the graph to find, (i) the time at which the ball reaches its maximum height, time = … [1] (ii) the deceleration of the ball, deceleration = … [2] (iii) the maximum height reached by the ball. For Examiner’s Use maximum height = … [2] (c) On Fig. 2.1, add a line to the graph to show how the velocity of the ball changes after it reaches its maximum height. Your line should extend to time 6.0 s. [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) underline or circle force B1 underline or circle velocity B1 (b) (i) 4.07 – 4.1 (s) B1 (ii) (v – u)/t OR ∆v/t OR in words OR use of 40 ÷ (ans. to (b)(i)) OR other correct values from graph C1 answer between 9.7 and 10 m/s2 or m/s/s A1 (iii) area under graph OR ½ (u + v)t OR ½ × 40 × (ans. to (b)(i)) C1 OR s = ut + ½at2 OR v2 = u2 + 2as OR numbers substituted 82 m A1 (c) graph continues in straight line to 6 s B1 [Total 8] IGCSE – May/June 2013 0625 31

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2013

4 A rocket, initially at rest on the ground, accelerates vertically. For Examiner’s It accelerates uniformly until it reaches a speed of 900 m / s after 30 s. Use After this period of uniform acceleration, the rocket engine cuts out. During the next 90 s, the upward speed of the rocket decreases uniformly to zero. (a) On Fig. 4.1, plot a speed-time graph for the rocket for the first 120 s of its flight. speed m / s time / s Fig. 4.1 [4] (b) Using the graph, (i) calculate the acceleration during the first 30 s, acceleration = … [2] (ii) determine the height reached by the rocket after 120 s. For Examiner’s Use height reached = … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 4 (a) suitable scales (more than half each scale used, no products of 3 s, 7 s etc.) B1 2 straight line sections, continuous 0 to 120 s, 1st section positive gradient, 2nd section negative gradient B1 section 1 straight line, from(0, 0) to (30, 900) B1 section 2 straight line from end of section 1 to (120, 0) B1 [4] (b) (i) use of a = ∆v / t or ∆v / t in any form words, symbols or numbers C1 (a = 900 / 30 =) 30 m / s2 A1 [2] e.c.f. from graph (ii) use of s = area under graph (accept valid equation(s)) C1 (distance = 0.5 × 900 × 120 =) 54 000 m A1 [2] e.c.f. from continuous graph, if curves working must be clear no e.c.f. from graph if it’s a single rectangle [Total: 8] IGCSE – May/June 2013 0625 32

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2013

1 A train is at rest in a railway station. At time t = 0, the train starts to move forwards with an For increasing speed until it reaches its maximum speed at time t = 48 s. Examiner’s Use Fig. 1.1 is the speed-time graph for the first 48 s of the journey. 40 30 speed m / s 20 10 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) State how the graph shows that, during the first 48 s of the journey, the acceleration of the train is constant. … … [1] (ii) Calculate the acceleration of the train during the first 48 s of the journey. acceleration = … [2] (b) After time t = 48 s, the train continues at its maximum speed for another 72 s. (i) On Fig. 1.1, sketch the speed-time graph for the next 72 s of the journey. [1] (ii) Determine the total distance travelled by the train in the 120 s after it starts moving. distance = … [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) constant/uniform gradient/slope OR straight line B1 (ii) (a = ∆) v ÷ t OR 36 ÷ 48 C1 0.75 m / s2 (NOT 0.76) A1 (b) (i) horizontal line from (48, 36) to (120, 36) B1 (ii) area under graph (mentioned or implied) B1 864 OR 2592 C1 3500/3460/3456 m A1 [7] 6

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2013

3 On a windy day, a parachutist of mass 85 kg jumps from an aeroplane. For Examiner’s Fig. 3.1 shows the parachutist falling through the air at a constant vertical velocity of 8.4 m / s Use downwards. 8.4 m / s Fig. 3.1 (a) Distinguish between speed and velocity. … … [1] (b) As the parachutist falls, the wind is moving him towards the right of the diagram, at a For horizontal velocity of 6.3 m / s. Examiner’s Use (i) On Fig. 3.1, draw an arrow to show the horizontal velocity of the parachutist. [1] (ii) On the grid below, draw a vector diagram to determine graphically the size and direction of the resultant velocity of the parachutist. size = … direction = … [4] (iii) Calculate the kinetic energy of the parachutist. kinetic energy = … [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 3 (a) velocity has direction/is a vector AND speed doesn’t/isn’t/is a scalar B1 (b) (i) horizontal arrow to right AND touching parachutist (when extended) B1 arrow/line horizontal AND arrow / line vertical AND making two sides of triangle OR rectangle B1 (ii) correct diagonal (i.e. top left to bottom right) B1 10.4 –10.5 m / s B1 51–55° to horizontal OR 35 –39° to vertical (NOT more than 2 sig.figs.) B1 (iii) ½mv2 OR 0.5 × 85 × 10.52 (e.c.f. from (b)(ii)) C1 0.5 × 85 × 10.52 (e.c.f. from (b)(ii)) C1 4.7/4.69/4.685625 × 103 J (e.c.f. from (b)(ii)) A1 [9] IGCSE – May/June 2013 0625 33

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2013

2 A train has a total mass of 7.5 × 105 kg. For Examiner’s (a) The train accelerates from rest at a constant rate along a straight, horizontal track. Use It reaches a speed of 24 m / s in 60 s. Calculate (i) the train’s acceleration, acceleration = … [2] (ii) the resultant force acting on the train. force = … [2] (b) The train now travels with a constant speed of 24 m / s along a straight, horizontal track. The total force opposing the motion due to friction and air resistance is 7.2 × 104 N. (i) By considering the work done by the train’s engine in 1.0 s, calculate its output power. power = … [2] (ii) The train begins to travel up a slope. For Examiner’s Explain why the power of the train’s engine must be increased to maintain the Use speed of 24 m / s. … … … … … [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) (i) v = u + at OR (a =) (v – u) / t OR 24 = a × 60 OR 24 / 60 C1 0.4(0) m / s2 A1 (ii) (F =) ma OR 7.5 × 105 × 0.40 C1 300 000 N OR 300 kN A1 (b) (i) in words or symbols (P =) W / t OR F x d / t OR Fv OR 7.2 × 104 × 24 / 1 OR OR 7.2 × 104 × 24 C1 1.7 × 106 W A1 (ii) gravitational/potential energy of train has to be increased OR force acts down the slope / backward force acts (on train) B1 (for the same distance moved) more work done has to be done OR energy has to be provided (by the engine) B1 in the same time (so needs more power) B1 [Total: 9]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2013

10 (a) Fig. 10.1 shows an electron beam travelling, in a vacuum, towards the space between a For pair of oppositely-charged parallel plates. Examiner’s Use + + + + + + + + + + electron beam – – – – – – – – – – Fig. 10.1 On Fig. 10.1, draw carefully the path of the beam between the plates and in the space to the right of the plates. [2] (b) The screen of a cathode-ray oscilloscope (c.r.o.) has a grid of 1 cm squares. Fig. 10.2 shows the trace of an alternating voltage on this screen. 1 cm 1 cm Fig. 10.2 (i) A potential difference of 5.0 V across the Y-plates of the oscilloscope moves the spot on the screen a vertical distance of 1.0 cm. Use Fig. 10.2 to determine the maximum p.d. across the Y-plates. maximum p.d. = … [1] (ii) The spot on the screen takes 1.0 ms to move 1.0 cm horizontally. For Examiner’s From Fig. 10.2, determine the time for 1 cycle of the waveform on the screen, and Use use this time to find the frequency of the alternating voltage. frequency = … [3] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 10 (a) between plates path curves upwards continuously B1 continuation in straight line in space beyond plates B1 (b) (i) in range 7.0 to 7.5 V B1 (ii) use of the number 4 (as a distance or a time) C1 f = 1/T OR ¼ OR 1/0.004 but NOT if f = v/λ used C1 250 Hz A1 [Total: 6]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2013

1 A school athlete does a sprint training run. Fig. 1.1 shows how her speed varies with time. For Examiner’s 8 Use 6 speed m / s 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Explain how the graph in Fig. 1.1 can be used to determine the distance she runs. … … [1] (b) Determine her maximum acceleration. Show clearly on the graph how you obtained the necessary information. maximum acceleration = … [4] (c) She runs a distance of 62 m. For Examiner’s Calculate her average speed. Use average speed = … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) measure area (under curve) B1 [1] (b) draws tangent at steepest part by eye, within thickness of lines accept triangle / lines to indicate values on straight steepest part of curve B1 finds ∆v and ∆t from tangent or at straight steepest part of curve B1 any v divided by any t or in equation B1 3.0 – 4.2 m / s2 B1 [4] (c) uses 62 and 10 NOT 2 × 62 C1 6.2 m / s A1 [2] [Total: 7]

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2013

2 Fig. 2.1 shows a model fire engine used by a student to take measurements of force and For motion. Examiner’s Use model fire engine containing water tank jet of water FIRE light beams forcemeter 12 mm Fig. 2.1 The model projects a jet of water forwards. The forcemeter holds the model stationary. It indicates a force of 0.060 N acting on the model. The forcemeter is now disconnected and the model accelerates to the right at 0.030 m / s2. (a) The back of the model breaks a pair of light beams and the time to pass between them is measured electronically. The beams are 12 mm apart and the second beam is broken 0.080 s after the first. The student times with a stopwatch how long it takes from the release of the model until the beams are cut. Calculate the time he measures. time measured = … [4] (b) This experiment is carried out with the water tank in the model nearly full. For Examiner’s Calculate the mass of the model including the water in the tank. Use mass = … [2] (c) The student repeats the experiment with the same force but with the water tank nearly empty. State and explain how the acceleration will compare to that of the first experiment. … … … … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) evidence of division of 12 mm by 0.080 s C1 (v =) 0.15 m / s or 150 mm / s C1 uses t = his (∆)v/a in any form C1 (t = [0.15 – 0] / 0.03 = 0.15 / 0.03) = 5(.0) s accept 1sig. fig. allow e.c.f. from clearly identifiable wrong speed A1 [4] (b) use of F / a OR F = ma in any form, numbers or symbols, ignore g C1 (0.06/0.03=) 2(.0) kg accept 1 significant figure A1 [2] (c) greater M1 because mass is less, ignore comments about force A1 [2] [Total: 8]

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2013

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a distance-time graph for a moving object. C 50 distance / m B 30 A 0 0 15 40 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Describe the speed of the object between points (i) A and B, … (ii) B and C. … [2] (b) State whether the acceleration of the object is zero, negative or positive, as shown on the graph between points (i) A and B, … (ii) B and C. … [2] (c) Calculate the average speed of the object during the 40 seconds. speed = … [2] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) decreases / average speed 2 m / s B1 (ii) constant / speed 0.8 m / s B1 (b) (i) negative B1 (ii) zero B1 (c) uses v = d / t in any form or d / t C1 (av. vel = 50 / 40 =) 1.3 m / s or 1.25 m / s A1 [Total: 6]

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2014

7 (a) A solenoid connected to a battery produces a magnetic field. The wires are then connected to the battery terminals the other way round. Tick one box in the table to indicate the effect on the magnetic field. decreases but not to zero decreases to zero reverses direction increases stays the same [1] (b) Fig. 7.1 shows a top view of two bar magnets and a vertical rigid conducting rod carrying a current. The direction of the current in the rod is coming out of the paper. S N vertical rod perpendicular to paper S N Fig. 7.1 (i) On Fig. 7.1, draw a single line with an arrow to show the direction of the magnetic field due to the bar magnets at the position of the rod. [2] (ii) State the direction of the force exerted on the vertical rod. … [2] (c) The rod has a mass of 350 g and the resultant force acting on the rod is 0.21 N. The rod is free to move. Calculate the initial acceleration of the rod. acceleration = … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 7 (a) 3rd box only indicated, reverses direction B1 (b) (i) straight line up / down page B1 arrow pointing down page B1 (ii) to the right or left e.c.f. (b)(i) B1 to the right e.c.f. (b)(i) B1 (c) F=ma in any form or F / m symbols, words or numbers OR final answer 6 × 10–4 m / s2 C1 (a = 0.21 / 0.35 =) 0.6 m / s2 A1 [Total: 7] IGCSE – May/June 2014 0625 32

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2014

1 Parachutes are used to slow down a certain racing car. Fig. 1.1 shows the racing car, of total mass 750 kg, slowing down by using parachutes. Fig. 1.1 Fig. 1.2 is the speed-time graph for 20 s after the car reaches full speed. 80 70 speed 60 m / s 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 time t / s Fig. 1.2 At time t = 6.0 s, the parachutes open. (a) On Fig. 1.2, (i) mark a point, labelled A, where the car is moving at constant speed, (ii) mark a point, labelled B, where the car is decelerating at a uniform rate, (iii) mark a point, labelled C, where the car is decelerating at non-uniform rate. [3] (b) Calculate (i) the deceleration of the car at time t = 6.5 s, deceleration = … [2] (ii) the resultant force acting on the car at this time. resultant force = … [2] (c) Explain why there is no resultant force acting on the car at time t = 4.0 s. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) A marked between t = 0 and t = 6.0 s B1 (ii) B marked between t 6.0 s and t = 7.0 s B1 (iii) C marked on clearly curved section before t = 14 s B1 (b) (i) (a =)∆v / t OR 30 / 1 OR 15 / 0.5 etc. OR triangle on graph / tangent C1 (ignore – sign) 25 m / s2 < a < 35 m / s2 A1 (ii) (F =)ma OR 750 × 30 e.c.f. from (b)(i) C1 2.2 / 2.25 / 2.3 × 104 N e.c.f. from (b)(i) A1 (c) acceleration / rate of change of speed is zero OR speed is constant OR air resistance / backwards force equal and opposite to driving / forwards force B1 [Total: 8]

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2014

1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the distance-time graphs for three different objects A, B and C. A B distance C 00 time Fig. 1.1 Describe the motion of each of the objects A, B and C by selecting the appropriate description from the list below. constant speed increasing speed decreasing speed stationary A … B … C … [2] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows the speed-time graphs for three more objects D, E, and F. speed D E F 0 0 time Fig. 1.2 Describe the motion of each of the objects D, E and F by selecting the appropriate description from the list below. constant speed constant acceleration increasing acceleration stationary D … E … F … [2] (c) Fig. 1.3 shows a person bungee-jumping from a bridge. The person is attached to a long elastic rope. strong fixed point rope jumper river Fig. 1.3 (i) In 1.5 s the speed of the jumper increases from zero to 10.5 m / s. Calculate her average acceleration during this time. acceleration = … [2] (ii) At one point during the fall, she reaches her maximum speed. 1. State her acceleration at this point. acceleration = … [1] 2. What can be said about the forces acting on her at this point? … … [1] [Total: 8] Turn over for Question 2

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) A increasing speed B constant speed C stationary B2 Note: one mark lost for e.e.o.o. (b) D increasing acceleration E constant acceleration F constant speed B2 Note: one mark lost for e.e.o.o. (c) (i) (a =) ∆v / t OR (v–u) / t OR 10.5 / 1.5 C1 = 7.0 m / s2 A1 (ii) (a =) 0 (m / s2) B1 (iii) upward and downward forces equal OR no resultant force OR forces equal and opposite OR forces balanced OR weight (of body) = tension (in rope) B1 [Total: 8]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2014

2 A diver climbs some steps on to a fixed platform above the surface of the water in a swimming-pool. He dives into the pool. Fig. 2.1 shows the diver about to enter the water. 8.0 m Fig. 2.1 The mass of the diver is 65 kg. The platform is 8.0 m above the surface of the water. (a) Calculate (i) the increase in the gravitational potential energy of the diver when he climbs up to the platform. increase in gravitational potential energy = … [1] (ii) the speed with which the diver hits the surface of the water. Ignore any effects of air resistance. speed = … [4] (b) In another dive from the same platform, the diver performs a somersault during the descent. He straightens, and again enters the water as shown in Fig. 2.1. Discuss whether the speed of entry into the water is greater than, less than or equal to the speed calculated in (a)(ii). Ignore any effects of air resistance. … … … … [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) (i) (increase in g.p.e. = mgh OR 65 × 10 × 8 =) 5200 J B1 (ii) EITHER k.e. gained = g.p.e. lost C1 ½ mv2 = 5200 in any form C1 v2 = 5200 / (0.5 × 65) OR 160 C1 v = 12.6 m / s e.c.f. (a)(i) A1 OR v2 = u2 + 2as / v2 = 2 gh (C1) v2 = 2 × 10 × 8 (C1) v2 = 160 (C1) v = 12.6 m / s e.c.f. (a)(i) (A1) (b) speed is the same B1 EITHER loss in g.p.e. is the same B1 k.e. gained is the same B1 OR acceleration is the same (B1) distance fallen is the same (B1) [Total: 8]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2014

2 Fig. 2.1 shows a tanker lorry full of liquid. CIEliquids Fig. 2.1 The tanker delivers the liquid and drives away empty. (a) (i) Compare the acceleration of the empty tanker with the acceleration of the full tanker for the same resultant force. Tick one box. acceleration of full tanker is less than acceleration of empty tanker acceleration of full tanker is the same as acceleration of empty tanker acceleration of full tanker is more than acceleration of empty tanker [1] (ii) Explain your answer. … … … … [2] (b) The empty tanker has a weight of 50 000 N. The forward force is 6000 N and the total resistive force is 2000 N. Calculate the acceleration. acceleration = … [3] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) (i) less (1st box ticked) B1 (ii) any mention of mass/inertia B1 well-reasoned explanation involving less mass B1 special case B2: more weight/heavier AND more friction (b) (resultant force =) 4000 N C1 (M = 50 000/10 =) 5000 kg C1 (a = 4000/5000 =) 0.80 m / s2 e.c.f previous lines, accept 1 sig. fig. A1 [Total: 6] 2

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2014

3 Fig. 3.1 shows the speed- time graph of a firework rocket as it rises and then falls to the ground. rocket moving upwards A speed E 0 0 B time rocket moving C D downwards Fig. 3.1 The rocket runs out of fuel at A. It reaches its maximum height at B. At E it returns to the ground. (a) (i) State the gradient of the graph at B. gradient = … [1] (ii) State why the gradient has this value at B. … … [1] (b) State and explain the relationship between the shaded areas above and below the time axis. … … … … … … [3] (c) Another rocket, of the same size and mass, opens a parachute at point B. On Fig. 3.1, sketch a possible graph of its speed from B until it reaches the ground. [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3 (a) (i) 10 m / s2 ignore sign B1 (ii) (same as) acceleration (of rocket at B) OR gravitational acceleration B1 (b) same area B1 area represents distance travelled B1 distance up = distance down OR overall displacement = 0 OR area above = distance up AND area below = distance below B1 (c) any three from: • all of graph below x-axis after B • final section horizontal and above CD AND gradient always < 0 • continuous graph from B until time > at DE • new area not clearly different from old B3 [Total: 8] 2 2

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2014

1 A free-fall parachutist jumps from a helium balloon, but does not open his parachute for some time. Fig. 1.1 shows the speed-time graph for his fall. Point B indicates when he opens his parachute. speed A B C D 0 0 time Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) State the value of the gradient of the graph immediately after time t = 0. gradient = … [1] (ii) Explain why the gradient has this value. … … [1] (b) State how Fig. 1.1 shows that the acceleration decreased between time t = 0 and the time to A. … … [1] (c) Explain, in terms of forces, what is happening in section AB of the graph in Fig. 1.1. … … … [2] (d) A second parachutist of the same size and mass jumps from the balloon with a larger parachute. He also opens his parachute at point B. On Fig. 1.1, sketch a possible speed-time graph for his fall after he opens his parachute. [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) (gradient =) 10 (m / s2) B1 (ii) any linking of gradient to acceleration of freefall OR gravitational field strength B1 (b) gradient decreases B1 (c) speed / velocity stays constant OR terminal velocity / speed B1 no resultant force OR forces cancel / balance B1 (d) initially gradient steeper B1 graph lower in second half of BC B1 horizontal final section and lower than CD B1 [Total: 8]

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2014

1 (a) A large stone, initially at rest, falls from the top of a building. The stone takes 3.2 s to fall to the ground. For this stone, air resistance can be ignored. (i) Stating the formula that you use, show that the speed of the stone when it hits the ground is 32 m / s. [1] (ii) On Fig. 1.1, draw the speed-time graph for the fall of the stone. Label with an X the line on the graph. [1] 40 30 speed m / s 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 time / s Fig. 1.1 (iii) Use the graph in (ii) to determine the height of the building. height = … [2] (b) A smaller stone than the stone in (a) falls from the same building. This stone is affected by air resistance. (i) What happens to the air resistance as the stone falls? Underline your choice of answer. Air resistance decreases. Air resistance is constant. Air resistance increases. [1] (ii) On Fig. 1.1, draw a possible speed-time graph for the fall of this stone. Label with a Y this line on the graph. [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) a = (v – u)÷t OR a = ∆v÷t in any form OR in words in any form AND with correct numbers substituted B1 (ii) Straight line from origin to point (3.2 s, 32 m / s) B1 (iii) Area under graph OR ½ × 3.2 × 32 OR s = ½ at2 OR ½ × 10 × 3.22 C1 51 m A1 (b) (i) Air resistance increases B1 (ii) Graph line Y under graph line X B1 Graph has decreasing gradient B1 Graph extends to value of t greater than 3.5 s and greater than X B1 [Total: 8] 6 7

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2015

4 A scientist finds that the temperature of the water at the bottom of waterfalls is greater than the temperature of the water at the tops of those waterfalls. (a) (i) State the type of energy that falling water has because of its motion. … [1] (ii) In one waterfall, the water falls 300 m. Calculate the decrease in the gravitational potential energy (g.p.e.) of 1.0 kg of water as it falls through this distance. decrease in g.p.e. = … [2] (iii) Assume that the increase in internal energy of the 1.0 kg of water is equal to its decrease in g.p.e. Calculate the rise in temperature of the water. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C). rise in temperature = … [2] (iv) Suggest a reason why the actual increase in temperature of the water is less than the value calculated in (a)(iii). … … [1] (b) State why the thermometer used to measure the temperature of the water in the scientist’s experiment required a high sensitivity. … … [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 4 (a) (i) kinetic B1 (ii) (GPE =) mgh OR 1.0 × 10 × 300 C1 3000 J A1 (iii) Q = mc∆θ in any form OR Q÷mc OR 3000÷[(1.0 ×) 4200] C1 0.71 °C A1 (iv) Energy used to heat air (via air resistance) / Heat lost to surroundings B1 OR Energy retained as KE of water (at bottom of waterfall) OR Sound (energy) produced (b) Temperature change/difference is (very) small B1 [Total: 7]

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2015

1 (a) Figs. 1.1 and 1.2 show speed-time graphs for two objects, each moving in a straight line. speed speed 0 0 0 time 0 time Fig. 1.1 Fig. 1.2 (i) Describe the motion of the object shown by the graph in Fig. 1.1. … … (ii) Describe the motion of the object shown by the graph in Fig. 1.2. … … [3] (b) On a day with no wind, a large object is dropped from a tall building. The object experiences air resistance during its fall to the ground. State and explain, in terms of the forces acting, how the acceleration of the object varies during its fall. … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) acceleration OR increasing speed C1 constant acceleration OR constant rate of increase in speed A1 (ii) decreasing acceleration OR decreasing rate of increase in speed NOT deceleration B1 (b) mention of air resistance AND weight (of object) / force due to gravity B1 acceleration at start (of fall) is acceleration of gravity / 10 m / s2 / a maximum / g OR acceleration decreases (as it falls) B1 air resistance increases as speed increases/as it accelerates B1 acceleration zero/terminal velocity/constant speed/maximum speed when air resistance = weight B1 [Total: 7] 4

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2015

1 An experiment is carried out to find the acceleration of free fall. A strip of paper is attached to a heavy object. The object is dropped and falls to the ground, pulling the paper strip through a timer. The timer marks dots on the paper strip at intervals of 0.020 s. Fig. 1.1 shows a section of the paper strip with the first three dots marked. The first dot on the paper strip, labelled A, is marked at the instant the object is dropped. 0.0076 m A 0.0019 m paper strip Fig. 1.1 (not to scale) (a) State how the dots on the paper strip show that the object is accelerating. … … [1] (b) Calculate the average speed of the object (i) in the first 0.020 s after the object is dropped, average speed = … (ii) in the second 0.020 s after the object is dropped. average speed = … [3] (c) Use the results from (b) to calculate the acceleration of the falling object. acceleration = … [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) dots farther apart (in 2nd time interval) owtte B1 (b) (i) (average speed =) d ÷ t, in any form, e.g. words, symbols, numbers C1 0.095 m / s A1 (ii) (average speed =) 0.29 m / s B1 (c) (a =) (v – u) ÷ t C1 = (candidate’s (b)(ii) – candidate’s (b)(i)) ÷ 0.02 C1 correct value calculated from candidate’s values in (b)(i)(ii), expect 9.5 m / s2 A1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2015

3 An athlete of mass 64 kg is bouncing up and down on a trampoline. At one moment, the athlete is stationary on the stretched surface of the trampoline. Fig. 3.1 shows the athlete at this moment. springs Fig. 3.1 (a) State the form of energy stored due to the stretching of the surface of the trampoline. … [1] (b) The stretched surface of the trampoline begins to contract. The athlete is pushed vertically upwards and she accelerates. At time t, when her upwards velocity is 6.0 m / s, she loses contact with the surface. (i) Calculate her kinetic energy at time t. kinetic energy = … [2] (ii) Calculate the maximum possible distance she can travel upwards after time t. maximum distance = … [3] (iii) In practice, she travels upwards through a slightly smaller distance than the distance calculated in (ii). Suggest why this is so. … … [1] (c) The trampoline springs are tested. An extension-load graph is plotted for one spring. Fig. 3.2 is the graph. extension X 0 0 load Fig. 3.2 (i) State the name of the point X. … [1] (ii) State the name of the law that the spring obeys between the origin of the graph and point X. … [1] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 3 (a) strain / elastic (potential) (energy) B1 (b) (i) (KE =) ½ m v2 in any form C1 1200 J A1 (ii) (G)PE (gained) = KE (lost) in any form C1 (G)PE = m g h OR h = PE ÷ mg in any form C1 1.8 m e.c.f. from (b)(i) A1 (iii) friction with air OR air resistance OR thermal energy / heat produced/lost B1 (c) (i) limit of proportionality B1 (ii) Hooke’s law B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2015

1 At a sports event, a champion runner and a car take part in a race. (a) The runner runs at a constant speed of 10 m / s from the start of the race. During the first 5.0 s of the race, the car’s speed increases from 0 m / s to 25 m / s at a uniform rate. On Fig. 1.1, draw (i) a graph to show the motion of the runner, [1] (ii) a graph to show the motion of the car. 30 speed m / s 20 10 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 time / s Fig. 1.1 [1] (b) Use your graphs to determine (i) the distance travelled by the runner in the 5.0 s, distance = … [1] (ii) the distance travelled by the car in the 5.0 s, distance = … [2] (iii) the time at which the car overtakes the runner. time = … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) horizontal line at 10 m / s B1 (ii) straight line from origin to (5.0, 25) B1 (b) (i) 50 m B1 (ii) area of triangle OR ½ × 25 × 5.0 C1 62.5 m OR 63 m A1 (iii) when areas under graphs are equal C1 4.0 s A1 [Total: 7]

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2015

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a rocket-powered sled travelling along a straight track. The sled is used to test components before they are sent into space. sled track Fig. 1.1 Fig. 1.2 is the speed-time graph for the sled from time t = 0 s. 1000 800 speed m / s 600 400 200 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 time / s Fig. 1.2 (a) On Fig. 1.2, mark a point labelled P to indicate a time when the acceleration of the sled is not constant. [1] (b) (i) Calculate the acceleration of the sled at t = 1.0 s. acceleration = … [2] (ii) Determine the distance travelled by the sled between t = 1.0 s and t = 2.0 s. distance = … [2] (c) The resultant force acting on the sled remains constant during the test. Suggest why the acceleration of the sled is not constant. … … [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) point marked P (on line or time axis) at t ≥ 2.0 s B1 (b) (i) attempt at gradient OR (a =) ∆v / t OR (v – u) / t OR 240 (–0) / 2.0 OR division of correct points on graph C1 120 m / s2 A1 (ii) suggestion of area (under graph) in words or formula or numbers OR 0.5 (120 + 240) × 1.0 OR [(120 × 1.0) + (0.5 × 120 × 1.0)] C1 180 m A1 (c) mass of sled changes / decreases OR fuel used up B1 [Total: 6]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2015

3 Fig. 3.1 shows a skier taking part in a downhill race. Fig. 3.1 (a) The mass of the skier, including his equipment, is 75 kg. In the ski race, the total vertical change in height is 880 m. Calculate the decrease in the gravitational potential energy (g.p.e.) of the skier. decrease in g.p.e. = … [2] (b) The skier starts from rest. The total distance travelled by the skier during the descent is 2800 m. The average resistive force on the skier is 220 N. Calculate (i) the work done against the resistive force, work done = … [2] (ii) the kinetic energy of the skier as he crosses the finishing line at the end of the race. kinetic energy = … [2] (c) Suggest why the skier bends his body as shown in Fig. 3.1. … [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 3 (a) (g.p.e.=) mgh OR 75 × 10 × 880 C1 = 6.6 × 105 J / Nm OR 660 kJ / kNm A1 (b) (i) (work =) Fs / Fd OR 220 × 2800 C1 = 6.2 × 105 J / Nm OR 620 kJ / kNm A1 (ii) answer to (a) – answer to (b)(i) C1 e.g. (k.e.=) 6.6 × 105 – 6.2 × 105 = 4.0 × 104 J OR 44 kJ OR 6.6 × 105 – 6.16 × 105 = 4.0 × 104 J OR 44 kJ A1 (c) (to go faster by) reduced air resistance / drag / resistive force OR to lower centre of mass OR increase stability / balance B1 [Total: 7]

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2015

1 A comet, travelling in space, enters the atmosphere of a planet. Fig. 1.1 is the speed-time graph for the comet from time t = 0 s. 40 000 speed m / s 30 000 20 000 10 000 0 0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) During the period t = 0 s to t = 6.0 s, both the speed of the comet and the velocity of the comet remain constant. State what this suggests about the motion of the comet. … … [1] (ii) Determine the distance travelled during the period t = 0 s to t = 6.0 s. distance = … [2] (b) Explain what the graph shows about the motion of the comet during the period t = 6.0 s to t = 10.0 s. … … … [2] (c) Determine the acceleration of the comet at t = 11.0 s. acceleration = … [2] (d) Suggest what happens to the comet at t = 12.0 s. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) (i) (it / comet) travels in a straight line B1 (ii) area (under graph) OR s = vt in any form OR vt C1 220 000 m OR 220 km A1 (b) negative acceleration OR deceleration OR (it / the comet) is slowing down B1 acceleration / deceleration (only accept it if acc / decel already mentioned) not constant allow either increasing or decreasing B1 (c) attempt at gradient OR (a =) ∆v / ∆t OR (0–)12 000 / 2.0 OR other correct values for ∆v / ∆t C1 (–)6000 m / s2 tolerance 5000 – 7000 m / s2 A1 (d) (it / comet) hits surface (of planet) OR stops o.w.t.t.e. B1 [Total: 8]

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2015

1 A plastic ball is dropped from the balcony of a tall building and falls towards the ground in a straight line. Fig. 1.1 is the speed-time graph for the falling ball. 8.0 speed m / s 6.0 4.0 2.0 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) State and explain, in terms of forces, what is happening to the speed of the ball between time t = 2.0 s and t = 3.0 s. … … … [2] (b) On Fig. 1.1, mark a point P on the line where the acceleration of the ball is not constant. [1] (c) Using Fig. 1.1, (i) calculate the acceleration of the ball between t = 0 s and t = 0.25 s, acceleration = … [2] (ii) estimate the distance that the ball falls in the first 3.0 s. distance = … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1 (a) speed is constant / uniform / unchanging OR terminal velocity / speed B1 no net / resultant force OR air resistance cancels / equals weight B1 (b) P between 0.25 s and 1.90 s (inclusive) B1 (c) (i) (a =) ∆v / t OR 2.5 / 0.25 OR other point on correct section of line B1 9.6 to 10 m / s2 (inclusive) B1 (ii) area under graph OR attempt at counting squares OR between 16.2 and 17.5 m (inclusive) C1 between 16.5 and 17.1 m (inclusive) A1 [Total: 7] 3

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2015

2 Three students walk together from school to a bridge. The students stand together on the bridge for three minutes and then return separately to school. The distance-time graphs for student A, student B and student C are shown in Fig. 2.1. students together on bridge 400 distance / m students walk together student C 200 student A student B 0 0 5 10 15 time / minutes Fig. 2.1 (a) (i) Determine the distance from the school to the bridge. distance = … m [1] (ii) Calculate the average speed of the students when they are walking to the bridge. Give your answer in m / s. average speed = … m / s [4] (b) The students return to school at different speeds. One student walks slowly, one student walks quickly and the other student runs. State which student runs. Explain how this is shown by the graph. student … explanation … … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 2 (a) (i) 400 (metres) B1 (ii) evidence of 6 minutes C1 speed = distance / time in any form (e.g. 400 ÷ 360 or (a)(i) / 6) C1 6 × 60 = 360 s C1 1.1(1) (m / s) A1 (b) A B1 shortest time (to return) / steepest gradient B1 [Total: 7]

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2016

4 Fig. 4.1 shows a balloon near a window on a warm sunny day. Fig. 4.1 Fig. 4.2 shows how the volume of the balloon changes throughout the day. 510 508 volume of balloon / cm3 506 504 502 500 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 time of day Fig. 4.2 (a) Describe how the volume changes throughout the day. … [1] (b) Explain, in terms of the gas molecules inside the balloon, why the volume changes in this way between 10:00 and 14:00. … … … … … … [3] [Total: 4]

4 marks

Mark scheme: 4 (a) volume of balloon increases (until 14:00) then decreases again B1 (b) any three from: B3 • temperature (in room / balloon) increases • gas molecules move faster / have more energy OR collisions more energetic when heated • more frequent / harder collisions • collisions result in greater force on balloon (surface) / gas pressure increases [Total: 4]

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2016

1 Fig. 1.1 shows part of the speed-time graphs for a cyclist and for a runner. 10 cyclist speed 8 P / V runner 6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 time W / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Compare the motion of the cyclist and the runner during the first 6 seconds. Explain your answer. … … … … [3] (b) Describe the motion of the cyclist between time t = 6.0 s and time t = 12.0 s. … [1] (c) Calculate the total distance travelled by the cyclist between t = 0 and t = 12.0 s. distance travelled = … m [4] (d) After the first 6.0 seconds, the runner moves at constant speed for 4.0 seconds. He then slows down uniformly and stops in a further 2.0 seconds. On Fig. 1.1, complete the graph for the runner’s motion. [2] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) cyclist accelerating OR moving faster OR cyclist has higher speed B1 both (cyclist and runner) accelerating B1 cyclists gradient steeper OR acceleration values calculated B1 1(b) Constant OR steady OR uniform (speed or motion) B1 1(c) indication of an area calculated C1 6 × 9 = 54(m) C1 ½ (6 × 9) = 27(m) C1 81(m) A1 1(d) horizontal line finishes at 10 seconds B1 straight line to time zero in two seconds B1 Total: 10

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2016

2 Fig. 2.1 shows the speed-time graph for a student cycling along a straight, flat road. 8 speed m / s 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 time / s Fig. 2.1 (a) Calculate the distance he travels in the first 10 s. distance = … m [3] (b) Fig. 2.2 shows three pairs of forces A, B and C. 60 N 20 N A backward force forward force 50 N 50 N B backward force forward force 20 N 70 N C backward force forward force Fig. 2.2 Identify which pair of forces, A, B or C, acts on the cyclist between 11 s and 16 s. Explain your choice. pair of forces … explanation … … … [3] (c) The cyclist pushes on one pedal with a force of 120 N. The area of his shoe in contact with the pedal is 16 cm2. Calculate the pressure on the pedal. Include the unit. pressure = … [4] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) (distance) = area under (speed-time) graph in words, numbers or symbols OR distance = speed × time 4.4 × 10 44 (m) C1 C1 A1 2(b) C (cyclist is) accelerating (so) forward force must be greater than backward force OR there is a resultant (forward) force B1 B1 B1 2(c) P = F ÷ A 120 ÷ 16 7.5 N / cm2 C1 C1 A1 B1 Total: 10

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2016

2 Fig. 2.1 shows the speed-time graph for a student cycling along a straight, flat road. 8 speed m / s 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 time / s Fig. 2.1 (a) Calculate the distance he travels in the first 10 s. distance = … m [3] (b) Fig. 2.2 shows three pairs of forces A, B and C. 60 N 20 N A backward force forward force 50 N 50 N B backward force forward force 20 N 70 N C backward force forward force Fig. 2.2 Identify which pair of forces, A, B or C, acts on the cyclist between 11 s and 16 s. Explain your choice. pair of forces … explanation … … … [3] (c) The cyclist pushes on one pedal with a force of 120 N. The area of his shoe in contact with the pedal is 16 cm2. Calculate the pressure on the pedal. Include the unit. pressure = … [4] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) (distance) = area under (speed-time) graph in words, numbers or symbols OR distance = speed × time 4.4 × 10 44 (m) C1 C1 A1 2(b) C (cyclist is) accelerating (so) forward force must be greater than backward force OR there is a resultant (forward) force B1 B1 B1 2(c) P = F ÷ A 120 ÷ 16 7.5 N / cm2 C1 C1 A1 B1 Total: 10

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2016

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a speed-time graph for part of a train’s journey. 120 L M speed 100 km / h 80 R S 60 40 20 K N P T 00 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 time / hours Fig. 1.1 (a) State the maximum speed of the train. maximum speed = … km / h [1] (b) Identify the regions of the graph that show the train moving at constant speed. Tick (✓) the correct boxes. K–L L–M M–N P–R R–S S–T [1] (c) During the journey the train stopped for a short period of time. State the time, in minutes, for which the train was not moving. time = … minutes [2] (d) Calculate the distance travelled by the train between points M and N. distance travelled = … km [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) 100 (km/h) B1 1(b) boxes L – M AND R – S ticked B1 1(c) 0.1 hours identified C1 6 (minutes) A1 1(d) area under graph C1 0.5 × 0.2 × 100 C1 10 (km) A1 Total 7

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2016

1 Fig. 1.1 shows how the speed of a car varies over a short time. C 16 speed m / s 12 D B 8 4 A E 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Different parts of the journey are labelled A, B, C, D and E. (i) State a part of the graph that shows the car at rest. … [1] (ii) State a part of the graph that shows the car moving with constant speed. … [1] (iii) During part of the journey the car decelerates. Calculate the distance travelled by the car when it is decelerating. distance travelled = … m [3] (b) Another car accelerates, from rest, starting at time 0 s. This car has a constant acceleration. Its speed at 20 s is 10 m / s. On Fig. 1.1, draw a line to show this motion. [2] (c) Describe, using Fig. 1.1, how you can decide which car has the greater acceleration. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) A OR E stated B1 1(a)(ii) C B1 1(a)(iii) area under graph C1 0.5 × 16 × 8 C1 64 (m) A1 1(b) single straight line from origin drawn B1 diagonal line finishing at 10 m / s in 20 s B1 1(c) Steeper (gradient) owtte B1 Total: 8

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2017

2 Three racing cars, A, B and C, all accelerate steadily and then continue at a constant speed. Fig. 2.1 gives information about the movement of car A and car B at the start of the race. 40 speed m / s A 30 B 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 time / s Fig. 2.1 (a) State the maximum speed of car A. … [1] (b) Calculate the distance travelled by car B when accelerating. distance = … m [3] (c) Car C has a greater acceleration than car A, but it reaches a lower constant speed than car B. On Fig. 2.1, draw a line to show the movement of car C. [2] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) 35 m / s B1 2(b) area under line/graph C1 0.5 × 15 × 25 C1 187.5 (m) A1 2(c) single straight line with steeper gradient than car A B1 horizontal line below 25 m / s B1 Total: 6

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2017

1 Fig. 1.1 shows students about to start a 50.0 m swimming race. Fig. 1.1 (a) The length of the pool is 50.0 m. Name a suitable piece of equipment that could be used to measure the length of the pool. … [1] (b) The race starts and the students swim to the end of the 50.0 m pool. Fig. 1.2 shows the times recorded on the stop watches for the winner and the swimmer in second place. winner second place min s 1 s min s 1 s 100 100 0. 58 75 1. 05 87 Fig. 1.2 (i) Determine the time taken by the winner to swim 50.0 m. Use information from Fig. 1.2. winner’s time = … s [1] (ii) Calculate the average speed of the winner. average speed = … m/s [2] (iii) Calculate the time difference between the winner and the swimmer in second place. time difference = … s [1] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) flexible rule/tape measure/measuring tape B1 1(b)(i) 58.75 (s) B1 1(b)(ii) speed = distance ÷ time in any form C1 0.85 (m / s) A1 1(b)(iii) 7.12 (s) B1 Total: 5

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2017

3 A woman drives a car from town A to town B. She stops at a garage during her journey. The distance-time graph for the journey is shown in Fig. 3.1. 120 100 town B distance / km 80 60 40 20 town A 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 time / h Fig. 3.1 (a) (i) Determine the total time for the whole journey. time = … h [1] (ii) Determine the time for which the car is not moving. time = … h [1] (iii) Determine the distance between town A and town B. distance = … km [1] (iv) Calculate the average speed of the car between 0 and 0.75 h. average speed = … km / h [3] (b) The speed of the car before stopping at the garage is different from its speed after stopping at the garage. Describe this difference in speed and explain how the graph in Fig. 3.1 shows it. … … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a)(i) 1.75 (hours) 1 hour 45 minutes B1 3(a)(ii) 0.5 (hours) 30 minutes B1 3(a)(iii) 100 (km) B1 3(a)(iv) Speed = distance ÷ time in any form C1 50 ÷ 0.75 C1 66.67 (km / h) A1 3(a)(v) (average) speed after stopping is faster B1 line on graph is steeper B1 Total: 8

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2017

2 Fig. 2.1 shows a river flowing through a village. There are two bridges across the river. bridge X direction of flow bridge Y Fig. 2.1 Two students plan to measure the speed of a stick as it floats on the river between bridge X and bridge Y. (a) The students plan to drop a stick into the middle of the river from bridge X. The stick moves with the water between bridge X and bridge Y. Describe how the students can determine the average speed of the stick. … … … … … … … … [4] (b) The stick moves with constant speed. One statement correctly describes the horizontal forces acting on the stick. Put a tick (✓) in the box next to the correct statement. Only a forward force acts. The forward force and the backward force are equal. The forward force is greater than the backward force. The backward force is greater than the forward force. [1] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) Any four from: Measure the distance between the two bridges Start stopwatch when stick hits water / starts moving (with river) stop stopwatch when stick reaches bridge Y Use speed = distance ÷ time repeat procedure and find average B4 2(b) 2nd box ticked The forward force and the backward force are equal B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2017

7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows a man listening to a radio. X centre of loudspeaker Fig. 7.1 (i) Sound from the radio makes an air particle at X vibrate. On Fig. 7.1 draw two arrows on point X to show the directions of vibration of the air particle. [2] (ii) Which of these terms correctly describes the sound wave? Tick one box. transverse longitudinal electromagnetic [1] (iii) Suggest a value for the frequency of the sound that the man can hear. State the unit. frequency = … [2] (iv) Explain why the man cannot hear ultrasound. … … [1] (b) Fig. 7.2 shows a distance-time graph for ultrasound travelling in sea-water. 1000 distance / m 800 600 400 200 0 0 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 time / s Fig. 7.2 (i) Use the graph to calculate the speed of ultrasound in sea-water. speed = … m / s [2] (ii) A scientist measures the depth of the sea by using ultrasound. She sends a pulse of ultrasound from the ship to the seabed. It reflects from the seabed as shown in Fig. 7.3. reflection pulse of ultrasound Fig. 7.3 The time taken between sending a pulse and receiving the echo is 0.60 s. Use the graph to determine the depth of the sea. depth = … m [2]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 7(a)(i) arrows horizontal / on line from radio to man B1 arrows in opposite direction B1 7(a)(ii) middle box ticked longitudinal B1 7(a)(iii) number in range 20–20 000 B1 hertz B1 7(a)(iv) (frequency of ultrasound) is above human (hearing) range B1 7(b)(i) speed = dist ÷ time or any two corresponding values of distance ÷ time e.g. 600 ÷ 0.4 C1 1500 (m / s) A1 7(b)(ii) 900 (m) read from graph C1 depth = 450 (m) A1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2017

2 Fig. 2.1 shows a speed-time graph for a ship starting to move. D 10 8 speed 6 C m / s 4 B 2 A 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 time / minutes Fig. 2.1 (a) Describe the motion of the ship during each section of the graph. A … … B … … C … … D … … [4]

4 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) A – accelerates (from rest) B1 B – constant speed (of 2 m / s) B1 C – accelerates at faster rate / higher acceleration than previously B1 D – faster constant speed (of 10 m / s) B1 2(b) 2 minutes = 120 s C1 area under the graph OR d = s × t OR 2 × 120 C1 240 (m) A1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2017

1 (a) A student determines the speed of three cars on a straight road. The student measured the time for the cars to travel 50 m. The table shows the measurements. car distance travelled / m time taken / s A 50 3.2 B 50 4.0 C 50 3.6 (i) Without calculation, identify the fastest car and the slowest car. Complete the table. car the fastest car the slowest car [2] (ii) Calculate the speed of car B. speed = … m / s [3] (b) (i) Estimate the time, in minutes, for car C to travel 5000 m. estimated time = … minutes [2] (ii) Explain why your answer in (b)(i) may not be the same as the actual time taken for the car to travel 5000 m. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) A AND B cars identified B1 A = fastest AND B = slowest B1 1(a)(ii) speed = distance ÷ time in any recognised form C1 50 ÷ 4 C1 1(b)(i) 12.5 (m / s) A1 100 × 3.6 OR 360 (s) indicated C1 answers in the range 5–7 minutes A1 1(b)(ii) any one from: car will move faster / slower at times / speed not constant B1 road will have bends / hills etc. slower moving traffic or other sensible road conditions

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2017

1 Model trains move along a track passing through two model stations. Students analyse the motion of a train. They start a digital timer as the train starts to move. They record the time that it enters Station A and the time it enters Station B. Fig. 1.1 shows the time on entering Station A and the time on entering Station B. hour min sec hour min sec time entering Station A time entering Station B Fig. 1.1 (a) Calculate the time taken from the train entering Station A to the train entering Station B. State your answer in seconds. time taken = … s [1] (b) A faster train takes 54 s to travel from Station A to Station B. The distance between the stations is 120 m. Calculate the average speed of this train. average speed = … m / s [3] (c) Fig. 1.2 shows the speed-time graph for a train travelling on a different part of the track. 4.0 speed m / s 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 time / s Fig. 1.2 Determine the total distance travelled by the train on this part of the track. distance = … m [4] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) 72 (s) 1 1(b) (average speed =) distance ÷ time 1 120 ÷ 54 1 2.2(2) (m / s) 1 1(c) area under line OR three areas indicated OR (dist =) (av.) speed × time OR 1/2 (b + h) × L 1 1 3.5 4.0 2 × × OR 7 (m) seen OR 6 × 3.5 OR 21 (m) 1 6 × 3.5 OR 21 (m) AND { 1 2 × 3.5 × 4.0 OR 7 (m)} OR 14 (m) 1 (21 + 14 =) 35 (m) 1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2018

3 (a) Fig. 3.1 shows the vertical forces on a rocket. thrust 74.2 N air resistance 2.4 N weight 43.0 N Fig. 3.1 Calculate the resultant force on the rocket. resultant force = … N direction = … [3] (b) Fig. 3.2 shows the speed and direction of motion of an object at a point in time. 150.0 m / s object Fig. 3.2 The resultant force on the object is zero for 10 seconds. Deduce the speed and direction of motion after 5 seconds. Indicate the speed and direction of the object by drawing a labelled arrow next to the object in Fig. 3.3. Fig. 3.3 [1] [Total: 4]

4 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) 43.0 + 2.4 = 45.4 (N) 1 (74.2 – 45.4 =) 28.8 (N) 1 upwards 1 3(b) 1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2018

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed-time graph for a car. 25 speed m / s X Y 20 15 10 5 Z W 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) On Fig. 1.1, the labels W, X, Y and Z show the points when the car’s motion changed. On Fig. 1.2, draw a line from each section of the graph to the correct description of the motion. section of graph description of the motion accelerating from W to X decelerating from X to Y stationary from Y to Z constant speed Fig. 1.2 [3] (b) Calculate the distance that the car travels between 60 s and 100 s. distance travelled = … m [3] (c) Fig. 1.1 shows that the car’s acceleration is greater than its deceleration. Explain how the graph shows this. … … [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) 1 mark for each correct line. 2 or more lines from any section loses the mark. 3 1(b) (distance travelled) = area under graph OR ½ × base × height 1 ½ × 40 × 20 1 400 (m) 1 1(c) 1st section/WX/from 0 s to 30 s has greater gradient than last (section)/YZ/from 60 s to 100 s 1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2018

1 A student watches a car race around a track. He uses a stopwatch to measure the time for the car to make one lap of the track. (a) The student forgets to reset the stopwatch at the start of the race. Fig. 1.1 shows the time on the stopwatch at the start and the time after going around the track once. time at start time after going around the track once min s 1 s min s 1 s 100 100 01:22. 02:33. Fig. 1.1 Calculate the time the car takes to go around the track once, in seconds. time = … s [2] (b) The length of the track is 4.0 km. The car goes around the track 20 times. The car takes 26 minutes and 40 seconds to complete the 20 laps. Calculate the average speed of the car in m / s. average speed = … m / s [4] (c) Fig. 1.2 shows a speed-time graph for the car during part of the race. 80.0 speed V m / s T S 60.0 R Q 40.0 20.0 P 0 0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 time / s Fig. 1.2 (i) State the section of the graph that shows the greatest acceleration. … Explain your answer. … [2] (ii) Calculate the distance travelled by the car during the first 2.5 seconds. distance = … m [3] [Total: 11]

11 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) 2 : 33 : 65 – 1 : 22 : 15 OR 153.65 – 82.15 1 71.50 (s) 1 1(b) 4 × 20 OR 4000 × 20 1 (average speed =) distance ÷ time 1 80 000 ÷ 1600 1 50 (m / s) 1 1(c)(i) (section) P or from 0 s to 2.5 s 1 (line has) greatest gradient 1 1(c)(ii) dist travelled = area under graph OR ½ × b × h 1 ½ × 2.5 × 40 1 50 (m) 1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2018

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a speed-time graph for a student who is running. 5 speed 4 m / s 3 2 1 00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) Describe the movement of the student, as shown in Fig. 1.1. … … … [2] (ii) Calculate the distance travelled by the student between 80 s and 100 s. distance travelled = … m [3] (b) An athlete runs 630 m in 130 s on a flat section of a road and then 254 m in 40 s on a downhill slope. Calculate the average speed for the total distance run by the athlete. average speed = … m / s [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) constant speed OR speed of 4 m / s (for 80 s) B1 (constant) deceleration OR speed decreases OR slows (down after 80 s) OR stops after 100 s B1 1(a)(ii) distance = area under graph C1 20 × 4 × 0.5 or area = ½ × base × height C1 40 (m) A1 1(b) (average speed =) total distance ÷ total time C1 (630 + 254) ÷ (130 +40) OR 884 ÷ 170 C1 5.2 (m / s) A1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2018

1 A person on roller skates makes a journey. Fig. 1.1 shows the speed-time graph for the journey. 25 speed X Y 20 m / s 15 10 5 W Z 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) The graph shows three types of motion. Complete the table to show when each type of motion occurs. Use the letters shown on Fig. 1.1. Add a letter to each of the blank spaces. The first row is done for you. motion start of motion end of motion acceleration W X deceleration constant speed [2] (b) Calculate the distance travelled between 60 s and 100 s. distance = … m [3] (c) The size of the acceleration is greater than the deceleration. Describe how Fig. 1.1 shows this. … … [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) middle row: YZ B1 bottom tow: XY B1 1(b) area under graph C1 0.5 × 20 × 40 OR ½ base × height C1 400 (m) A1 1(c) (WX or acceleration has) steeper line / gradient B1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2018

4 A drone is a machine that can fly. Fig. 4.1 shows a drone rising into the air, lifting a camera. camera Fig. 4.1 The drone obtains energy from a battery of cells. (a) Complete the sequence of useful energy transfers as the drone rises into the air. One part is done for you. … electrical energy … [2] (b) The drone can move in any direction up or down, backwards or forwards, left or right. It can also remain stationary above the ground. Describe the motion and position of the drone when it has both a large quantity of potential energy and a small quantity of kinetic energy. … … [2] (c) When the drone moves, it wastes some energy. State the form of wasted energy and describe what happens to this energy. form of energy … description … … [2] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 4(a) chemical gravitational potential energy OR kinetic B2 4(b) hovering OR stationary OR moving slowly owtte B1 at max height B1 4(c) thermal dissipated to the air / surroundings B2

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2018

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a large tank containing water. The tank leaks. Drops of water fall from the tank. The drops hit the ground at a regular rate. tank water drops of water 12 m ground Fig. 1.1 (a) A student measures the time interval between two drops of water hitting the ground. She uses a stopwatch and repeats the procedure three times. Fig. 1.2 shows each stopwatch reading. min s 1 s min s 1 s min s 1 s 100 100 100 . . . 0. 01. 24 0. 01. 14 0. 01. 16 time = … s time = … s time = … s Fig. 1.2 (i) On the line below each stopwatch, state the time readings shown, in seconds. [1] (ii) Calculate the average time interval between two drops of water hitting the ground. average time = … s [2] (b) Another student measures the average time taken for a drop of water to fall from the tank to the ground. The time taken is 1.6 s. Calculate the average speed of this drop of water. average speed = … m/s [3] (c) Fig. 1.3 shows the speed-time graph for a different drop of water. 5.0 P Q 4.5 speed m / s 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 time / s Fig. 1.3 Use Fig. 1.3 to determine the distance fallen by the drop between P and Q. distance = … m [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) 1.24 (s) AND 1.14 (s) AND 1.16 (s) B1 1(a)(ii) (1.24 + 1.14 + 1.16) ÷ 3 OR 3.54 ÷ 3 C1 1.18 (s) A1 1(b) (average speed =) dist ÷ time C1 12 ÷ 1.6 C1 7.5 (m / s) A1 1(c) distance travelled = area under graph OR counting squares C1 4.5 × 0.75 C1 3.375 OR 3.4 A1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2018

2 Fig. 2.1 shows students getting onto a school bus. Fig. 2.1 (a) A student describes part of the journey. The bus accelerates from rest at a constant rate for 10 s. It reaches a maximum speed of 10 m / s. The bus maintains a constant speed of 10 m / s for 60 s. The bus then decelerates at a constant rate for 15 s, until it stops. On Fig. 2.2, draw the speed-time graph for this part of the journey made by the bus. 12 speed m / s 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 time / s Fig. 2.2 [5] (b) On another part of the journey, the average speed of the bus is 7.5 m / s. Calculate the distance the bus travels in 150 s. distance = … m [3]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) line starts from 0 on y-axis straight diagonal line to 10 m / s line parallel to time axis straight diagonal line to x-axis at greater time (from horizontal section) line drawn to time axis at (85, 0) B5 2(b) speed = distance ÷ time in any form OR (distance =) speed × time C1 7.5 × 150 C1 1125 (m) A1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2019

3 A teacher investigates the reaction time of five students. A 0.50 m ruler is held above the hand of a student before being allowed to fall. The arrangement is shown in Fig. 3.1. teacher’s hand student’s hand Fig. 3.1 As soon as the ruler falls the student closes their hand, catching the ruler. The further the ruler falls, the greater the reaction time of the student. The results obtained are shown in Fig. 3.2. 24 distance ruler 22 falls / cm 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 A B C D E students Fig. 3.2 (a) Using the results shown in Fig. 3.2, calculate the average distance that the ruler drops. average distance = … cm [2] (b) List the students in order of their reaction times, with the shortest reaction time at the top of the table. One has been done for you. order student 1st 2nd 3rd B 4th 5th [2] (c) In a similar investigation, a ruler drops a distance of 11.0 cm and has an average speed of 16 cm / s. Calculate the reaction time. reaction time = … s [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) 67 (cm) C1 (67 ÷ 5 =) 13.4 (cm) A1 3(b) C 1st ; A 2nd; B1 D 4th; E 5th B1 3(c) speed = distance ÷ time in any form OR (t = ) distance ÷ speed C1 11 ÷ 16 C1 0.69 (s) A1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2019

1 A student moves a model car along a bench. Fig. 1.1 is the speed-time graph for the motion of the model car. 4.0 speed B m / s 3.0 C 2.0 A 1.0 D 0 0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Describe the motion of the car in each of the sections A, B, C and D. A … B … C … D … [4] (b) Determine the distance moved by the model car in the first five seconds. distance = … m [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) A accelerating (uniformly) / speeding up B1 B steady/constant/uniform speed B1 C deceleration (non-uniform) / slowing down B1 D at rest / stopped/stationary / not moving B1 1(b) distance = area under graph OR area = ½ × base × height C1 0.5 × 3.5 × 5 C1 8.75 (m) A1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2019

3 Fig. 3.1 shows a simple pendulum swinging backwards and forwards between P and Q. One complete oscillation of the pendulum is when the bob swings from P to Q and then back to P. support string P Q R pendulum bob Fig. 3.1 (a) A student starts two stopwatches at the same time while the pendulum bob is swinging. The student stops one stopwatch when the pendulum bob is at P. He stops the other stopwatch when the pendulum bob next is at Q. Fig. 3.2 shows the readings on the stopwatches. reading at P reading at Q min s 1 s min s 1 s 100 100 0 : 2 : 22 0 : 2 : 77 Fig. 3.2 (i) Use readings from Fig. 3.2 to determine the time for one complete oscillation of the pendulum. time = … s [2] (ii) The method described in (a) does not give an accurate value for one complete oscillation of the pendulum. Describe how the student could obtain an accurate value for one complete oscillation of the pendulum. … … … … … … [4] (b) As the pendulum bob moves from R to Q it gains 0.4 J of gravitational potential energy. Air resistance can be ignored. State the value of kinetic energy of the pendulum bob at 1. R … J 2. Q … J [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a)(i) 2.77 – 2.22 OR 0.55 B1 1.1(0) (s) B1 3(a)(ii) any four from: (idea of) use of fiducial mark start watch as pendulum passes fiducial mark OR when pendulum released count large number (must be >=10) of swings stop watch as pendulum passes marker OR starting point divide total time by the number of swings timing to centre of swing B4 3(b) 1 0.4(J) B1 2 0 or zero or no (J) B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2019

2 Fig. 2.1 shows a distance-time graph for a man walking from home to a café. At the café the man stops for a drink. On the return journey from the café, the man stops to rest. 12.0 distance / km 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 time / hours Fig. 2.1 (a) Using Fig. 2.1, determine (i) the distance from the man’s home to the café. distance = … km [1] (ii) the time taken to walk to the café. time = … hours [1] (iii) the speed, in km / hour, of the man as he walks to the café. speed = … km / hour [3] (b) On the return journey from the café, the man stopped to rest. (i) The man left home at 13:00. Determine the time when the man began his rest. time when rest began … [1] (ii) For how long did the man rest on the return journey? State the time in minutes. time = … minutes [1] (iii) Describe, in words, how the graph in Fig. 2.1 shows that the man travelled at a slower speed on the return journey after resting. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) 10 (km) B1 2(a)(ii) 1.5 (hours) B1 2(a)(iii) speed = distance ÷ time in any form C1 10 ÷ 1.5 C1 6.7 (km/h) accept 6.67 (km/h) A1 2(b)(i) 4:30 (pm) OR 16:30 B1 2(b)(ii) 30 (minutes) B1 2(b)(iii) smaller gradient OR less steep slope owtte B1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2019

2 Four students P, Q, R and S each attempt to measure the time period (the time for one complete oscillation) of a pendulum. The arrows in Fig. 2.1 show the movements of the pendulum that each student times. P Q R S start end start start start end end end Fig. 2.1 (a) State the student who has chosen the correct movement for one period of a pendulum. student … [1] (b) Another student uses a stopwatch to measure the time taken for 50 periods of a pendulum. Fig. 2.2 shows the time taken on the stopwatch. min s 1 s 100 01:23.37 Fig. 2.2 Calculate the time for one period of the pendulum. Give your answer to 3 significant figures. time for one period = … s [3] (c) The student measures the displacement of the pendulum bob from its rest position. The displacement is 16.5 cm, as shown in Fig. 2.3. 16.5 cm Fig. 2.3 State the displacement in millimetres. displacement = … mm [1] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) (student) S B1 2(b) 83.37 (s) seen C1 83.37 ÷ 50 C1 1.67 (s) cao A1 2(c) 165 (mm) B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2019

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a water tank that is leaking. Drops of water fall from the tank at a constant rate. water tank water drops of water supports ground Fig. 1.1 (NOT to scale) (a) A student uses a stopwatch to determine the time between two drops hitting the ground. He sets the stopwatch to zero. He starts the stopwatch when the first drop hits the ground. He stops the stopwatch after a further 30 drops have hit the ground. The reading on the stopwatch is recorded and shown in Fig. 1.2. min s 1 s 100 00:13. 20 Fig. 1.2 (i) State the time taken for 30 drops to hit the ground. time = … s [1] (ii) Calculate the average time between two drops hitting the ground. time = … s [2] (iii) Explain why the student measures the time for 30 drops to hit the ground instead of measuring the time for one drop to hit the ground. … … [1] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows that the drops get further apart as they get close to the ground. State why the drops get further apart. … … [1] (c) In another experiment the student determines the speed of a falling weight at different times. The speed–time graph for his results is shown in Fig. 1.3. 15.0 speed m / s 10.0 5.0 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 time / s Fig. 1.3 Calculate the distance fallen by the weight in the first 1.5 s. distance = … m [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) 13.2(0) (s) B1 1(a)(ii) 13.2 ÷ 30 C1 0.44 (s) A1 1(a)(iii) reduces the effects of (timing / reaction time) errors owtte B1 1(b) Drops are accelerating OR moving with increasing speed B1 1(c) distance = area under graph OR ½ × b × h C1 0.5 × 1.5 × 15 C1 11.25 (m) A1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2019

2 A student reviews some data about athletes and footballers. (a) An athlete runs 12 km in 1.5 hours. Calculate the athlete’s average speed in km / h. average speed = … km / h [3] (b) Fig. 2.1 shows the speed-time graph for a footballer for the first 15.0 seconds of a game. 7.0speed m / s 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 time / s Fig. 2.1 (i) Use the graph in Fig. 2.1 to calculate the distance travelled by the footballer during the first 4.0 seconds. distance = … m [3] (ii) Use the graph in Fig. 2.1 to determine when the footballer is moving with greatest acceleration. Between … s and … s Give a reason for your answer. … … [2] (c) Another footballer has a mass of 72 kg. Calculate the weight of this footballer. weight = … N [3]

11 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) speed = (total) distance ÷ time in any form 12 ÷ 1.5 8 (km / h) C1 C1 A1 2(b)(i) distance = area under graph OR area = ½ × base × height ½ × 3.0 × 4.0 6(.0) (m) C1 C1 A1 2(b)(ii) (between) 10(.0) and 12(.0) steepest section of graph / greatest gradient M1 A1 2(c) W = mg in any form 72 × 10 720 (N) C1 C1 A1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2019

3 A student drops a ball from a high window. (a) The mass of the ball is 0.12 kg. Calculate the weight of the ball. weight = … N [3] (b) Fig. 3.1 shows the speed of the ball while it is falling. The points S, T, U, V and W are shown on the graph. 25 speed 20 U V W m / s 15 10 T 5 S 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 time / s Fig. 3.1 Draw one line from each section of the graph to the correct description of the motion. One has been drawn for you. section of graph description of motion at rest S – T decreasing acceleration T – U constant acceleration moving with constant speed U – V slowing down [2] (c) Determine the distance fallen by the ball in section U – V of the graph. distance = … m [3] (d) State the distance fallen by the ball in section V – W of the graph. distance = … m [1] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) W = m × g in any form C1 0.12 × 10 C1 (weight =) 1.2 (N) A1 3(b) Line from T–U to decreasing acceleration B1 Line from U–V to moving with constant speed B1 3(c) (distance travelled =) area under the graph C1 2 × 20 C1 40 (m) A1 3(d) 20 OR answer = (c) answer ÷ 2 B1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2020

4 (a) During part of a race, a skier travels a distance of 200 m in a time of 6.4 s. Calculate the average speed of the skier. average speed = … m / s [3] (b) Fig. 4.1 shows a speed–time graph for the skier in another part of the race. 20.0 Q speed m / s 15.0 P 10.0 R 5.0 S 0 0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 time / s Fig. 4.1 Describe the motion of the skier at each point P, Q, R and S on the graph. P … Q … R … S … [4] (c) Skis are strapped to a skier’s feet and are longer and wider than the skier’s feet. Explain how the skis prevent the skier from sinking into soft snow. … … … [2] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 4(a) C1 (s =) 200 ÷ 6.4 C1 (s =) 31 (m / s) A1 4(b) P – (constantly) accelerates (from 5 m / s) B1 Q – constant speed (of 17.5 m / s) B1 R – (non-constant) decelerates (from 17.5 m / s to rest) B1 S – at rest or stationary B1 4(c) (skis have) large (surface) area B1 (so) less pressure (on snow / ground) B1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2020

2 (a) Some students determine the speed of a car on a road. The students measure the time for the car to travel 30 m along the road. The time is 5.4 s. Calculate the average speed of the car. average speed = … m / s [3] (b) Another car moves at a constant speed of 16 m / s for 4.0 seconds. During the next 2.0 seconds, the car decelerates from a speed of 16 m / s to a speed of 13 m / s. It then continues at a constant speed of 13 m / s for 3.0 seconds. On Fig. 2.1, plot the speed–time graph for the motion of the car during these 9.0 s. 20 speed m / s 15 10 5 0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 time / s Fig. 2.1 [3] (c) A motorcycle accelerates as shown in Fig. 2.2. Calculate the distance the motorcycle travels while it is accelerating. Use information from Fig. 2.2. 40 speed m / s 30 20 10 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 time / s Fig. 2.2 distance travelled = … m [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) (s =) d ÷ t OR s = d ÷ t in any form C1 (average speed =) 30 ÷ 5.4 C1 5.6 (m / s) A1 2(b)(i) first section and third section horizontal straight lines B1 second section line with negative gradient B1 first section horizontal line at 16 m / s AND third section horizontal line at 13 m / s at correct times B1 2(b)(ii) (d =) 1 2 × (a + b) × t OR area under graph C1 1 2 × (24 + 30) × 2.5 OR (24 × 2.5) + ( 1 2 × 6 × 2.5) C1 67.5 (m) A1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2020

1 Student P and student Q run in a 100 m race. Fig. 1.1 shows the distance–time graph for each student during the race. 100 distance / m 80 60 40 20 0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 time / s Key student P student Q Fig. 1.1 (a) Determine the time taken for student Q to run 100 m. time = … s [1] (b) Determine the distance between the two students as Q reaches 100 m. distance = … m [1] (c) Calculate the average speed of student Q during the 100 m race. average speed = … m / s [3] (d) State which student has the faster speed between 3.0 s and 6.0 s. Explain how Fig. 1.1 allows you to compare speeds without calculation. … … … [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) 12.0 (s) B1 1(b) (distance = 100 – 96 =) 4.0 (m) B1 1(c) (av. speed =) distance ÷ time in any form C1 (av. speed =) 100 ÷ 12.0 C1 (av. speed =) 8.3 (m / s) A1 1(d) (student Q) M0 the steeper the line the faster(the runner) ORA A1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2020

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a box attached to a parachute. The box and the parachute are falling through the air. 16.0 N parachute 2.5 N box 20.0 N Fig. 1.1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows three vertical forces acting on the box and the parachute. (i) Calculate the resultant vertical force and state its direction. resultant vertical force = … N direction … [3] (ii) Suggest and explain what happens to the size of the upward vertical force on the parachute if the area of the parachute used is increased. suggestion … explanation … … [2] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows the speed–time graph for the box before the parachute is opened. 45 40 35 speed m / s 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 10 20 30 40 time / s Fig. 1.2 (i) Determine the time when the speed of the box is 30 m / s. time = … s [1] (ii) Deduce the size of the resultant vertical force on the box when the time is 35 s. Explain your answer. size of resultant vertical force … explanation … … [2] (iii) Calculate the distance the box moves between time = 30 s and time = 40 s. distance = … m [3] [Total: 11]

11 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) 20.0 – (2.5 + 16.0) C1 1.5 (N) A1 (vertically) down B1 1(a)(ii) (upwards force) increases B1 increases air resistance B1 1(b)(i) 6.5 (s) B1 (b)(ii) (resultant force is) zero B1 (because the) speed (of parachute) is constant / steady / uniform B1 1(b)(iii) (dist. travelled =) area under line (of speed-time graph) C1 45 x 10 C1 450 (m) A1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2020

7 A teacher uses a long spring to demonstrate wave motion. She makes a wave move along the coils of the spring. Fig. 7.1 shows the wave on the spring. direction of wave travel movement of coils Fig. 7.1 (a) Explain why the type of wave in Fig. 7.1 is a longitudinal wave. … … [2] (b) Measure the wavelength of the wave shown in Fig. 7.1. wavelength = … cm [1] (c) State what is meant by the frequency of a wave. … … [2] (d) The wave in Fig. 7.1 travels 25 cm in 0.20 s. Calculate the speed of the wave. speed = … cm / s [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 7(a) movement (of coils / spring) parallel B1 to the direction wave / it / disturbance travels B1 7(b) 5.2 (cm) B1 7(c) number of waves (passing a point OR sent out) B1 (in) one second / unit time. B1 7(d) speed = distance ÷ time C1 25 ÷ 0.2(0) C1 125 (cm / s) A1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2020

1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows a lorry moving on a straight road. The arrows represent the horizontal forces acting on the lorry. These forces act along the same straight line. 500 N 1000 N 1500 N Fig. 1.1 (i) Calculate the size of the resultant horizontal force on the lorry. size of resultant force = … N [2] (ii) Describe the effect of a horizontal resultant force of zero on the speed of the lorry. Put a tick (3) in one box. speed increases to a higher constant speed speed stays the same speed decreases to a lower constant speed speed decreases to zero [1] (b) The speed of the motorcycle in Fig. 1.2 is 20 m / s. Fig. 1.2 The rider reacts to a sudden change in the traffic ahead. He stops as quickly as possible by applying the brakes. The total stopping distance is made up of the distance travelled while the rider is reacting and the distance travelled when the brakes are applied. Fig. 1.3 shows information about stopping when the speed of the motorcycle is 20 m / s. 15 m 38 m distance travelled distance travelled while braking while reacting Fig. 1.3 (i) Calculate the total stopping distance when the speed of the motorcycle is 20 m / s. total stopping distance = … m [1] (ii) Suggest one factor that could increase the total stopping distance. … [1] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) 1000 + 500 OR 1500 OR 1500 – 1500 OR 1500 – their ‘1500’ OR 1500 – 1000 OR 1500 – 500 C1 0 / zero A1 1(a)(ii) 2nd box (speed stays the same) B1 1(b)(i) (15 + 38) = 53 (m) B1 1(b)(ii) reduced friction / wet / icy (conditions) / worn tyres tiredness / drugs / alcohol / higher speed / going down hill B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2020

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a box dropped from an aeroplane. The box contains supplies. A parachute is attached to the box. The parachute is opened when the time is 6.0 s. parachute box containing supplies Fig. 1.1 The graph in Fig. 1.2 shows the vertical speed of the box as it falls. 50 40 30 speed m / s 20 10 0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 time / s Fig. 1.2 (a) State and explain what happens to the kinetic energy of the box during the first 6.0 s of its descent. … … … [2] (b) State and explain what happens to the gravitational potential energy of the box during the first 6.0 s. … … … [2] (c) (i) Use the graph in Fig. 1.2 to determine the speed of the object when the object is moving with a constant speed. speed of the object at constant speed = … m / s [2] (ii) State the size of the resultant vertical force on the box when it is falling at a constant speed. … [1] (d) Use the graph in Fig. 1.2 to determine the distance travelled by the box during the first 6.0 s. distance travelled in first 6.0 s = … m [3] (e) Without calculation, describe how Fig. 1.2 shows that the deceleration of the box is greater than the acceleration of the box. … … [1] [Total: 11]

11 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) (kinetic energy / it) increases B1 (because) speed / velocity (of box) increases OR faster B1 1(b) (gravitational potential energy) decreases M1 (because) height (of box) decreases A1 1(c)(i) any indication on graph / in text that horizontal section represents steady speed C1 10 (m / s) A1 1(c)(ii) (resultant vertical force =) zero OR 0 (N) B1 1(d) distance = area under graph OR ½ × b × h C1 (distance =) ½ × 6.0 × 45 C1 135 (m) A1 1(e) deceleration (line) is steeper OR higher gradient than acceleration (line) B1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2021

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a speed–time graph for a car. 10 8 speed 6 m / s 4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) Describe the motion of the car from 0 to 50 s, as shown in Fig. 1.1. … [1] (ii) Describe the motion of the car from 50 s to 90 s, as shown in Fig. 1.1. … … [1] (iii) Calculate the distance travelled by the car between 50 s and 90 s. distance travelled = … m [3] (b) A motorcycle travels at a constant speed. (i) The motorcycle travels 710 m in 87 s. Calculate the speed of the motorcycle and show that it is close to 8 m / s. [3] (ii) The motorcycle in part (b)(i) travels at a constant speed for 87 s. On Fig. 1.1, draw the speed–time graph for the motorcycle. [2] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) constant speed/velocity OR (moving at) 6 m / s B1 1(a)(ii) (constant) deceleration/decelerating OR (then) slows OR decreasing speed B1 1(a)(iii) (distance =) area under graph OR ½ × b × h C1 40 × 6 × 0.5 C1 120 (m) A1 1(b)(i) (speed =) distance ÷ time C1 710 ÷ 87 C1 8.2 (m / s) A1 1(b)(ii) horizontal line on Fig. 1.1 M1 horizontal line only at 8.2 m / s OR 8.0 m / s (by eye) to at least 80 s A1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2021

2 Fig. 2.1 shows how the speed of a car varies between 0 and 60.0 s. 40.0 speed m / s 30.0 20.0 10.0 0 0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 time / s Fig. 2.1 (a) Determine the speed of the car using information from Fig. 2.1: (i) when the time is 5.0 s speed = … m / s [2] (ii) when the car is moving with a constant speed. speed = … m / s [1] (b) Describe how the speed of the car changes between 30.0 s and 60.0 s. … [2] (c) Determine the distance travelled by the car between 10.0 s and 30.0 s. distance travelled = … m [3] (d) The total distance travelled by the car in the last 30.0 s is 226 m. Calculate the average speed of the car in the last 30.0 s. average speed = … m / s [3] [Total: 11]

11 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) 22.5 (m / s) A1 2(a)(ii) 35 (m / s) B1 2(b) (speed of car) decreasing OR slows (down) B1 (until speed of car) is zero OR stops (moving) B1 2(c) (distance =) area under graph OR (distance =) speed × time C1 20 × 35 C1 700 (m) A1 Question Answer Marks 2(d) (average speed =) (total) distance ÷ (total) time C1 226 ÷ 30(.0) C1 7.53 (m / s) A1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2021

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for a car travelling along a road. 18 speed 16 m / s 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Determine the distance travelled by the car between 30 s and 60 s. distance travelled = … m [3] (b) The distance travelled by the car between 60 s and 110 s is 460 m. Calculate the average speed of the car between 60 s and 110 s. average speed = … m / s [4] (c) Describe the motion of the car between 30 s and 60 s. … [1] (d) Describe the motion of the car between 60 s and 80 s. … [1] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) (distance =) area under graph C1 16 × 30 C1 480 (m) A1 1(b) (110 – 60 =) 50 B1 (speed =) distance ÷ time in any form C1 460 / 50 C1 9.2 (m / s) A1 1(c) constant speed OR 16 m / s B1 1(d) decelerating OR negative acceleration OR slowing down / owtte B1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2021

2 A slope is made by resting one end of a plank of wood on a block, as shown in Fig. 2.1. plank trolley block of wood Fig. 2.1 Two students each use a digital stop‑watch to measure the time for a small trolley to roll down the full length of the slope. Fig. 2.2 shows the times on the stop‑watches. min sec 1100 student 1 00 : 06 14 time = … s min sec 1100 student 2 00 : 06 28 time = … s Fig. 2.2 (a) (i) On the line next to each stop‑watch, write the time it shows. [1] (ii) Calculate the average time for the trolley to roll down the slope. average time = … s [2] (iii) The students want the same trolley to take more time to roll down the plank. Suggest how the students alter the arrangement in Fig. 2.1. … [1] (b) A different trolley travels 1.2 m down the slope in a time of 7.8 s. Calculate the average speed of the trolley. average speed = … m / s [3] (c) The trolley travels down a different slope. Fig. 2.3 shows the speed–time graph. 1.6 1.4 speed m / s 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 time / s Fig. 2.3 Calculate the distance travelled by the trolley between time = 0 and time = 4.0 s. distance travelled = … m [3] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) 6.14 (s) AND 6.28 (s) B1 2(a)(ii) (6.14 + 6.28) ÷ 2 OR 12.42 ÷ 2 C1 6.21 (s) A1 2(a)(iii) idea of decreasing (angle of) slope OR less steep OR smaller gradient B1 2(b) (average speed =)( total) distance ÷ (total) time in any form C1 1.2 ÷ 7.8 C1 0.15 (m / s) A1 Question Answer Marks 2(c) distance = area under graph OR ½ × base × height C1 4.0 × 1.6 × 0.5 C1 3.2 (m) A1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2021

1 A cyclist travels to a friend’s house. Fig. 1.1 shows the distance–time graph of the journey. 1000 E distance / m 800 D 600 400 B C 200 A 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Determine the distance travelled by the cyclist between points C and E. distance travelled = … m [2] (b) Describe the motion, if any, of the cyclist between points B and C. … [1] (c) State the section, AB, BC, CD or DE, of the graph in which the speed of the cyclist is the fastest. Give a reason for your answer. section of graph … reason … [2] (d) Calculate the average speed of the cyclist between points A and E. Include the unit in your answer. average speed = … unit … [4] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) 1000 – 400 C1 600 (m) A1 1(b) stationary / not moving / zero speed / at rest, etc. B1 1(c) CD B1 steep(est (gradient) OR larger distance in smaller time idea B1 1(d) (average speed =)(total) distance ÷ (total) time in any form C1 1000 ÷ 500 C1 2(.0) A1 m / s B1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2021

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a plant pot falling from an upstairs balcony. The plant pot has a constant acceleration as it falls. balcony plant pot ground level Fig. 1.1 (a) State the cause of the acceleration. … [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows the speed–time graph for the falling plant pot. The plant pot hits the ground at time = 1.8 s. 16 speed m / s 12 8 4 0 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 time / s Fig. 1.2 Determine the height of the balcony above the ground using the information shown in Fig. 1.2. height = … m [3] [Total: 4]

4 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) weight / gravitational force / attraction (acting downwards) B1 1(b) area under the graph / line C1 ½ × 1.8 × 16 C1 14 (m) A1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2021

3 Fig. 3.1 shows the horizontal forces acting on a skateboarder. backward force = 60 N forward force = 100 N skateboarder skateboard Fig. 3.1 (a) Calculate the resultant force acting on the skateboarder. resultant force = … N direction = … [2] (b) Describe the effect of the resultant force in (a) on the motion of the skateboarder. … [1] (c) The skateboarder is moving along a horizontal path. The backward force is 100 N. The forward force is 100 N. Describe the motion of the skateboarder. … [1] [Total: 4]

4 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) 40 (N) B1 forward / to the right B1 3(b) accelerates / speed increases B1 3(c) constant / uniform speed / zero acceleration B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2021

1 Fig. 1.1 shows some masses on a mass hanger attached to an elastic band. The elastic band is stretched by the masses. rigid support elastic band mass hanger masses Fig. 1.1 (a) The total mass of the masses and the mass hanger is 300 g. Calculate the total weight of the masses and the mass hanger. total weight = … N [3] (b) A student pulls the mass hanger down and then releases it. The mass hanger and masses oscillate up and down. The student uses a stop-watch to time 20 oscillations. Fig. 1.2 shows the time reading on the stop-watch after the 20th oscillation. s min s 1001 Fig. 1.2 (i) Determine the time in seconds for 20 oscillations from the time shown in Fig. 1.2. time for 20 oscillations = … s [1] (ii) Calculate the time in seconds for one oscillation. time for one oscillation = … s [2] (c) When the student pulls the mass hanger down, energy is stored in the elastic band as elastic potential energy. Describe what happens to this energy store when the student releases the mass hanger and it moves upwards. … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) (weight =) 3(.0) (N) A3 300 g = 0.3 kg (B1) (weight =) mass × g (C1) 1(b)(i) 66.4(0) (s) B1 1(b)(ii) 3.3(2) (s) A2 66.4 ÷ 20 (C1) 1(c) any two from: (stored energy OR elastic potential energy OR it) decreases kinetic energy (of masses) increases gravitational potential energy increases B2

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2022

2 (a) A student is doing some physical exercise. Fig. 2.1 shows the student holding a 50 N weight. 0.90 m pivot 50 N Fig. 2.1 The pivot in the shoulder is 0.90 m from the centre of mass of the weight. Calculate the moment of the weight about this pivot. moment of the weight = … N m [3] (b) The student does some running exercises. Fig. 2.2 shows the speed–time graph for one exercise. B CC 8.0 speed m / s 6.0 4.0 2.0 AA D E 0 D 0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 time / s Fig. 2.2 (i) Describe the motion of the athlete in sections AB and DE. section AB … section DE … [2] (ii) Calculate the distance moved by the athlete from time = 0 to time = 5.0 s. distance = … m [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) 45 (Nm) A3 (moment of force =) force × (perpendicular) distance (of force from pivot) (C1) 50 × 0.9 (C2) 2(b)(i) (section AB) increasing speed OR acceleration B1 (section DE) stationary OR stopped OR at rest B1 2(b)(ii) 20 (m) A3 (distance =) ½ × 8(.0) × 5(.0) (C2) distance travelled = area under graph OR (d = ) speed × time (C1)

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2022

(ii) State and explain which car, A or B, has the greater acceleration during the first 10 seconds. Use information from the graph in Fig. 2.1 in your explanation. … … [2] (b) (i) Describe the motion of car B after 30 s. … … [2] (ii) Calculate the distance moved by car B from time = 0 to time = 30.0 s. distance = … m [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) 9.3 (m / s) A2 any indication on graph or in working of vertical line from 10.0 s (C1) 2(a)(ii) (car) A (has greater acceleration) M1 (speed-time graph/line) has greater gradient OR is steeper A1 2(b)(i) speed (of car) is steady OR speed is constant B1 (at) 16 m / s B1 2(b)(ii) 240 (m) A3 ( distance =) ½  16  30 (C2) distance travelled = area under graph OR (d = )speed  time OR ½  b  h (C1)

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2022

1 A student investigates the motion of a trolley as it travels down a slope. (a) The student makes two measurements to determine the average speed of the trolley as it travels down the slope. State the two measurements. For each measurement, suggest the instrument used for making the measurement. 1. measurement … instrument used … 2. measurement … instrument used … [2] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for a different trolley as it travels down a slope. 30 25 speed cm / s 20 15 10 5 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 time / s Fig. 1.1 (i) Determine the speed of the trolley at time = 2.0 s. speed = … cm / s [2] (ii) Determine the distance moved by the trolley from time = 0 to time = 4.0 s. distance = … cm [3] (iii) Using the information in Fig. 1.1, describe the motion of the trolley from time = 0 to time = 10 s. … … [2] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) (measurement) time (instrument used) stopwatch B1 (measurement) distance (instrument used) metre rule(r) B1 1(b)(i) 12.5 (cm / s) A2 any indication on graph or in working of vertical line from 2.0 s (C1) 1(b)(ii) 50 (cm) A3 ½  4  25 (C2) ( distance = ) area under graph OR ( distance = ) speed  time (C1) 1(b)(iii) accelerating (for 4 seconds) B1 (then) constant / steady speed (for 6 seconds) B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2022

1 Fig. 1.1 shows children about to run a race. They have to run 25 m, pick up a small plastic ring and run back to the base line. Each child finishes when they cross the base line holding the plastic ring. hooter base line 25 m plastic rings Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) Suggest what equipment the teacher uses to measure the length of 25 m. … [1] (ii) Determine the total distance for the race. distance = … m [1] (b) The teacher records the following information for one of the children. The child starts to run at time = 0. The child picks up the ring at time = 9.0 s. The child finishes the race at time = 17.0 s. The highest speed occurs as the child finishes the race. Using this information, sketch a speed–time graph on Fig. 1.2, suggesting how the speed of this child varies during the race. speed 0 5 10 15 20 time / s Fig. 1.2 [3] (c) In a different race, a child runs 500 m in 4 minutes and 20 seconds. (i) Determine how many seconds there are in 4 minutes and 20 seconds. time = … s [1] (ii) Calculate the average speed of the child. average speed = … m / s [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) metre rule B1 1(a)(ii) 50 (m) B1 1(b) graph starts at origin B1 speed = 0 at 9.0 s B1 highest speed at 17 s B1 1(c)(i) 260 (s) B1 1(c)(ii) 1.9 (m / s) A3 500 ÷ 260 OR 500 ÷ (c)(i) (C2) (speed = ) distance ÷ time in any form (C1)

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2022

2 Fig. 2.1 shows the horizontal forces acting on a car. 900 N 1200 N Fig. 2.1 (not to scale) (a) Calculate the resultant horizontal force on the car. size of force = … N direction … [3] (b) A student uses a digital stop-watch to measure the time for the car to travel 100 m. Fig. 2.2 shows the time reading on the stop-watch. 1 s min s 100 0 : 07 20 Fig. 2.2 (i) Using the information in Fig. 2.2, state the time taken to travel 100 m. time to travel 100 m = … s [1] (ii) The car takes 12.8 s to travel the next 200 m. Calculate the average speed of the car for this 200 m. average speed = … m / s [3] (c) Fig. 2.3 shows the speed–time graph for another car. 20.0 speed 18.0 m / s 16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 time / s Fig. 2.3 Calculate the distance travelled by this car between time = 2.0 s and time = 6.0 s. distance travelled = … m [3] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) 300 (N) A2 (resultant force =) force to right – force to left OR 1200 – 900 C1 to the right OR in forward direction B1 2(b)(i) 7.20 (s) B1 2(b)(ii) 16 (m / s) A3 200 / 12.8 C2 (average speed =) (total) distance / (total) time in any form C1 2(c) 48 (m) A3 1 1 C2 (6 + 18)  4.0 OR 6  4 +  12  4 2 2 distance = area under graph C1 1 OR area = (sum of parallel sides)  base 2

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2022

1 A skydiver jumps from an aeroplane. She falls freely with her parachute closed; then she opens her parachute. Fig. 1.1 shows the skydiver falling freely with her parachute closed. Fig. 1.2 shows the skydiver falling with the parachute open. Fig. 1.1 Fig. 1.2 Fig. 1.3 shows the speed–time graph for the skydiver’s vertical motion, from leaving the aeroplane to landing on the ground. 60 vertical speed m / s BB CC 50 40 30 20 10 DD EE A 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 time / s Fig. 1.3 (a) Using the information from Fig. 1.3: (i) Describe the vertical motion of the skydiver between time = 0 and time = 20 s. … [1] (ii) Determine the maximum vertical speed of the skydiver. maximum speed = … m / s [1] (iii) Determine the point, A, B, C, D or E, at which the skydiver opens her parachute. … [1] (iv) Determine the distance the skydiver falls between time = 50 s and time = 80 s. distance = … m [3] (b) The weight of the skydiver is 750 N. The weight of the skydiver acts downwards, as shown in Fig. 1.4. While the skydiver is falling, another force acts upwards. The upward force varies as the skydiver falls. … weight = 750 N Fig. 1.4 (not to scale) (i) On Fig. 1.4, write the name of the upward force on the dotted line above the upward force. [1] (ii) Suggest a value for the upward force on the skydiver at time = 10 s. … N [1] (iii) Determine the value of the upward force on the skydiver at time = 30 s. … N [1] (c) The weight of the skydiver is 750 N. Calculate the mass of the skydiver. mass = … kg [3] [Total: 12]

12 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) accelerating / increasing speed B1 1(a)(ii) 50 (m / s) B1 1(a)(iii) C B1 1(a)(iv) 150 (m) A3 5  30 (C2) (distance =) area under graph (C1) 1(b)(i) friction / air resistance / drag B1 1(b)(ii) number greater than 0 AND smaller than 750 (N) B1 1(b)(iii) 750 (N) B1 1(c) 75 (kg) A3 750 ÷ 10 (C2) W = mg OR (m =) W ÷ g OR W ÷ 10 in any form (C1)

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2022

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a tram. Trams carry passengers from one place to another. Fig. 1.1 A tram travels from A to E, stopping at B, C and D on the way. Fig. 1.2 shows the speed–time graph for this tram journey. 8.0 speed m / s 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 A B C D E 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 time / min Fig. 1.2 (a) (i) Determine the time between the tram leaving A and arriving at C. time = … min [1] (ii) Determine the maximum speed of the tram during the journey from A to E. maximum speed = … m / s [1] (iii) The tram decelerates as it approaches each stop. Use information from Fig. 1.2 to identify the greatest deceleration. Give a reason for your answer. Complete the sentence. The greatest deceleration occurs as the tram approaches … . reason … … [2] (b) The total distance between A and E is 5200 m. The tram takes 1380 s to travel from A to E. Calculate the average speed of the tram between A and E. average speed = … m / s [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) 9 (min) B1 1(a)(ii) 7.5 (m / s) B1 1(a)(iii) C M1 greatest slope / greater change of speed in same time interval owtte A1 1(b) 3.8 (m / s) A3 5200 ÷ 1380 (C2) (average speed =) (total) distance ÷ (total) time in any form (C1)

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2022

3 Fig. 3.1 shows the distance-time graph for a cyclist. The journey has two sections, PQ and QR. Q R 250 200 150 distance / m 100 50 P 0 0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 time / s Fig. 3.1 (a) (i) Calculate the speed of the cyclist in section PQ. speed = … m / s [3] (ii) Describe the motion of the cyclist in section QR on the graph. … [1] (b) Fig. 3.2 shows a bicycle fitted with wide tyres and a bicycle fitted with narrow tyres. The two bicycles have the same weight. People use bicycles fitted with wide tyres to ride over soft ground. wide tyre narrow tyre bicycle with wide tyres bicycle with narrow tyres Fig. 3.2 Explain why people use bicycles fitted with wide tyres to ride over soft ground. Use your ideas about pressure. … … … [2] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a)(i) (speed =) 25 (m / s) A3 (speed =) 250 ÷ 10 (C2) (speed =) gradient of d-t graph OR d ÷ t in any form (C1) 3(a)(ii) (QR –) at rest or stationary B1 3(b) any two from B2 (wide tyres have) large (contact) area (so) less pressure (on ground) so less likely to sink (into soft ground)

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2023

12 (a) State, in order, the names of the three planets closest to the Sun. Closest to the Sun … … Furthest from the Sun … [2] (b) Define a light-year. … … [2] (c) Jupiter is 780 000 000 000 m (7.8 # 1011 m) from the Sun. The speed of light is 300 000 000 m / s (3.0 # 108 m / s) . Calculate the time for light to travel from the Sun to Jupiter. time = … s [2] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: 12(a) (closest to Sun) Mercury B2 Venus (furthest from Sun) Earth 12(b) distance M1 travelled by light (in the vacuum of space) in one year A1 12(c) 2.6  103 (s) OR 2600 (s) A2 time = distance ÷ speed OR 7.8  1011 ÷ 3.0  108 (C1) OR 780 000 000 000 ÷ 300 000 000

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2023

1 A cyclist is travelling along a straight road. Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for the cyclist. The graph is divided into four sections labelled P, Q, R and S. 14 R 12 10 Q 8 speed m / s 6 S 4 P 2 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Calculate the distance travelled by the cyclist in section P from time = 0 to time = 100 s. distance travelled = … m [3] (b) Describe the motion of the cyclist in each of sections Q, R and S shown in Fig. 1.1. Q … R … S … [3] (c) The cyclist is moving north along the road. Determine the velocity of the cyclist at time = 300 s. Include the unit. velocity of cyclist = … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) (distance travelled =) 400 (m) A3 (distance travelled =) ½  8  100 (C2) (distance travelled =) area under graph OR ½  b  h (C1) 1(b) (section Q) accelerating B1 (section R) constant speed OR steady speed B1 (section S) decelerating B1 1(c) (velocity =) 12 m / s B1 north B1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2023

2 Fig. 2.1 shows the speed–time graph for a cyclist. 14 W X 12 speed 10 m / s S T 8 6 4 2 Y Z 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 time / s Fig. 2.1 (a) In Fig. 2.1, the sections ST, TW, WX, XY and YZ indicate stages of the cyclist’s journey. State one section which shows the cyclist moving with: (i) constant speed … [1] (ii) constant deceleration … [1] (iii) constant non-zero acceleration. … [1] (b) Calculate the distance travelled by the cyclist in section ST. distance travelled = … m [3] (c) Fig. 2.2 shows the horizontal forces on a cyclist. 160 N 220 N Fig. 2.2 (i) Calculate the size of the resultant force on the cyclist. resultant force = … N [1] (ii) State the effect, if any, of the resultant force on the motion of the cyclist. … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) ST OR WX B1 2(a)(ii) XY B1 2(a)(iii) TW OR XY B1 2(b) (distance travelled =) 100 (m) A3 (distance travelled =) 8  13 (C2) (distance travelled =) area under graph OR b  h (C1) 2(c)(i) 60 (N) B1 2(c)(ii) accelerates OR increases speed B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2023

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the distance–time graph for an engineer’s journey. She drives from her home directly to her office and parks the car. She then drives from her office to her friend’s house and parks the car. 70 60 50 distance from 40 home / km 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 time / h Fig. 1.1 (a) Determine the distance between: (i) the engineer’s home and her office … km [1] (ii) the engineer’s office and her friend’s house. … km [1] (b) Determine the time taken to travel between: (i) the engineer’s home and her office … h [1] (ii) the engineer’s office and her friend’s house. … h [1] (c) Calculate the speed of the car between time = 7 h and time = 10 h. speed = … km / h [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) 60 (km) B1 1(a)(ii) 40 (km) B1 1(b)(i) 2 (h) B1 1(b)(ii) 3 (h) B1 1(c) (speed =) distance / time in any form OR gradient of line C1 40 / 3 C1 13 (km / h) A1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2023

10 Fig. 10.1 represents part of the Solar System. Neptune Earth Jupiter Sun Uranus planet A planet B Venus Saturn Fig. 10.1 (not to scale) (a) (i) State the name of planet A and the name of planet B. planet A … planet B … [2] (ii) On Fig. 10.1, draw an X to represent a moon of Jupiter. Draw a line to show how this moon moves. [1] (iii) State two ways in which the four planets nearest to the Sun are different from the four planets furthest away from the Sun. 1 … 2 … [2] (iv) Complete the following sentences: The galaxy that includes the Solar System is called the … . The … includes billions of galaxies. [2] (b) The distance between the Sun and the Earth is 1.5 × 1011 m. The speed of an electromagnetic wave is 3.0 × 108 m / s. Calculate the time taken for an electromagnetic wave to travel from the Sun to the Earth. time taken = … s [3] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 10(a)(i) Mercury (nearest to Sun) B1 Mars (between Earth and Jupiter) B1 10(a)(ii) (circular / oval) path round Jupiter B1 10(a)(iii) rocky OR furthest planets are gaseous owtte B1 small(er) OR furthest planets large(r) B1 10(a)(iv) (the) Milky Way B1 (the) Universe B1 10(b) (time =) distance ÷ speed in any form C1 1.5  1011 ÷ 3.0  108 C1 500 (s) A1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2023

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a distance–time graph for a cyclist. 1200 distance / m 1000 800 600 400 200 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) Determine the distance travelled by the cyclist between time = 0 and time = 100 s. distance travelled = … m [1] (ii) Calculate the speed of the cyclist between time = 0 and time = 100 s. speed = … m / s [3] (iii) Describe the motion of the cyclist between time = 100 s and time = 250 s. … … [2] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows the cyclist riding along a long straight road. W S N E Fig. 1.2 The speed of the cyclist is 15 m / s. Determine the velocity of the cyclist. velocity = … m / s direction … [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (distance =) 400 (m) B1 1(a)(ii) 4(0) (m / s) A3 400 ÷ 100 (C2) (speed =) gradient of distance-time graph OR distance ÷ time (C1) 1(a)(iii) stationary OR stopped OR at rest (between 100 and 150 s) B1 (then) constant / steady speed (between 150 and 250 s) B1 1(b) 15 (m / s) (due) west / W B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2023

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for a cyclist beginning a race. The motion of the cyclist changes at points A, B and C. 20 speed m / s C 15 10 B 5 A 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Using information from Fig. 1.1, determine: (i) the speed of the cyclist at time = 6.0 s speed = … m / s [2] (ii) the maximum speed of the cyclist. maximum speed = … m / s [1] (b) (i) Describe the motion of the cyclist between point A and point B. … [1] (ii) Describe how the motion of the cyclist between points B and C differs from the motion between points A and B. Give a reason for your answer. difference … reason … [2] (c) Determine the distance travelled by the cyclist between point A and point B. distance = … m [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) 3(.0) (m / s) A2 any indication on graph or in working of vertical / horizontal line from 6.0 s C1 1(a)(ii) 16 (m / s) B1 1(b)(i) (constant) accelerating / speed increasing B1 1(b)(ii) greater acceleration B1 line is steeper / greater gradient B1 1(c) 25 (m) A3 ½  5  10 (C2) (distance =) area under graph OR ½  b  h (C1) OR (distance =) speed  time

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2023

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for a bus journey. 20 18 speed 16 m / s 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Using the information in Fig. 1.1, determine: (i) the maximum speed of the bus during the journey maximum speed = … m / s [1] (ii) the speed of the bus at time = 65 s. On Fig. 1.1, show how you obtained this information. speed = … m / s [2] (b) Describe how the speed of the bus changes between time = 60 s and time = 80 s. … … [2] (c) Determine the distance travelled by the bus between time = 0 and time = 10 s. distance travelled = … m [3] (d) Fig. 1.2 shows the speed–time graph for another bus journey. 16 14 speed m / s 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 time / s Fig. 1.2 The driver sees a hazard ahead and applies the brakes at time = 40 s. The bus reduces its speed from 14.0 m / s to 6.0 m / s in a time of 5.0 s. On Fig. 1.2, draw the speed–time graph for the bus as it reduces its speed. [2] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) 18 (m / s) A1 1(a)(ii) 12 (m / s) A2 any indication on graph or in working of vertical / horizontal line from 65.0 s (C1) 1(b) (speed of bus) decreasing OR slows (down) OR decelerates B1 (then speed is) zero OR stops / stationary B1 1(c) 90 (m) A3 ½  10  18 (C2) (distance =) area under graph OR ½ b  h OR speed  time (C1) 1(d) line starts from (40, 14) M1 line ends at (45, 6) A1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2023

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the distance–time graph for a student. The student walks out of a classroom, stops to talk to some friends, and then walks to their next class. 16 D distance / m B C 12 8 4 A 0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10 12 14 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Describe the motion of the student between time = 0 and time = 6.0 s. … [1] (b) Calculate the speed of the student between time = 0 and time = 6.0 s. speed = … m / s [3] (c) Determine the length of time for which the student stops walking. time = … s [1] (d) Compare the student’s speed in section AB with the speed in section CD. … [1] [Total: 6]

6 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) (walking with) constant/steady/uniform speed B1 1(b) 2 (m / s) A3 12 ÷ 6 (C2) (speed =) gradient of distance-time graph (C1) 1(c) (11(.0) – 6(.0) =) 5(.0) (s) B1 1(d) faster OR more (before talking to friends / in section AB) OR double / twice (the speed) B1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2024

11 Fig. 11.1 represents the four planets nearest to the Sun. Sun Venus Earth … … Fig. 11.1 (not to scale) (a) Two of the planets in Fig. 11.1 are not labelled. On each dotted line, write the name of the planet. [2] (b) The distance of Venus from the Sun is 1.1 × 1011 m. The speed of light is 3.0 × 108 m / s. Calculate the time it takes light to travel from the Sun to Venus. time taken = … s [3] (c) The mass of the Earth is greater than the mass of Venus. The gravitational field strength on the surface of the Earth is 9.8 N / kg. Suggest a value for the gravitational field strength on the surface of Venus. Give a reason for your answer. gravitational field strength on surface of Venus = … N / kg reason … [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 11(a) Mercury B1 Mars B1 11(b) 370 (s) A3 1.1  1011 ÷ 3.0  108 (C2) speed = distance ÷ time OR (t = ) d ÷ s (C1) 11(c) value smaller than 9.8 (N / kg) B1 Venus has smaller mass ORA OR B1 gravitational field strength depends on / proportional to mass

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2024

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for a car. 20 S speed R m / s 15 T 10 5 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) For the graph in Fig. 1.1, match each letter, R, S and T, with the motion at that point. Draw one line from each letter to the correct description. One has been done for you. letter on the graph description of motion at rest R moving with constant speed S decelerating (negative acceleration) T accelerating (positive acceleration) [2] (ii) Determine the speed of the car at time = 4.0 s. speed = … m / s [1] (iii) Determine the distance moved by the car from time = 16.0 s to time = 20.0 s. distance moved = … m [3] (b) Define the term velocity. … [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) line from S to moving with constant speed B1 line from T to decelerating B1 1(a)(ii) 17.8 (m / s) B1 1(a)(iii) 40 (m) A3 ½  4  20 (C2) (distance travelled =) area under the graph OR ½  b(ase)  h(eight) (C1) 1(b) (velocity is defined as) speed in a stated / given direction OR change in displacement per unit time B1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2024

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for a car travelling along a flat straight road. 20 speed m / s 15 10 5 0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Describe the motion of the car between time = 0 and time = 2.0 s. … [1] (b) State the value of the acceleration of the car between time = 4.0 s and time = 8.0 s. … [1] (c) Calculate the distance travelled by the car between time = 8.0 s and time = 14.0 s. distance travelled = … m [3] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a) (constant) acceleration OR accelerating OR increasing speed B1 1(b) zero B1 1(c) 60 (m) A3 ½  6(.0)  20 (C2) distance = area under (speed–time) graph OR ½  b  h (C1)

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2024

1 A girl is cycling along a straight horizontal road. Fig. 1.1 shows the directions of the forces acting on the cyclist as she cycles in the direction of force C. force B force A force C force D Fig. 1.1 (a) State which force shows the direction of: (i) the force due to gravity … [1] (ii) the force due to air resistance. … [1] (iii) Force A changes and becomes larger than force C. State any effect this change has on the motion of the cyclist. … [1] (b) Another cyclist travels a distance of 250 m in a time of 21 s. (i) Calculate the average speed of the cyclist. average speed = … m/s [3] (ii) The cyclist exerts a force of 36 N to move the cycle forwards. Calculate the work done by this force when the cyclist travels 250 m. Include the unit. work done = … unit … [4] [Total: 10]

10 marks

Mark scheme: 1(a)(i) D B1 1(a)(ii) A B1 1(a)(iii) decelerating / slowing down / less speed owtte B1 1(b)(i) 12 (m / s) A3 250  21 (C2) (average speed =) (total) distance (travelled)  (total) time(taken) in any form (C1) 1(b)(ii) 9000 A3 36  250 (C2) (work =) force  distance in any form (C1) J B1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2024

11 (a) The Solar System contains a number of objects. Some of these objects are listed. asteroids planets the Moon the Sun Write these objects in order of their size. smallest largest [2] (b) Redshift is an increase in the observed wavelength of the light emitted from distant galaxies. (i) State what redshift indicates about the movement of distant galaxies. … [1] (ii) State why redshift in the light from distant galaxies supports the Big Bang Theory. … … [1] (c) (i) Define one light‑year. … [1] (ii) Scientists can send spacecraft to planets. There are many planets outside the Solar System. Suggest one reason, other than cost, why scientists do not send spacecraft to planets outside the Solar System. … … [1] (d) An electromagnetic wave travels from the Sun to the Earth in a time of 500 s. The speed of the electromagnetic wave in space is 3.0 × 108 m / s. Calculate the distance between the Sun and the Earth. distance = … m [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: 11(a) asteroids the Moon planets the Sun all 4 correct – 2 marks 2 adjacent OR first AND last boxes correct – 1 mark B2 11(b)(i) receding / moving away B1 11(b)(ii) (Universe) expanding B1 11(c)(i) distance travelled by light (in space) in one year B1 11(c)(ii) distances vast OR (planets) too far away / owtte B1 11(d) 1.5  1011 (m) A3 3.0  108  500 (C2) speed = distance  time OR (distance =) speed  time (C1)

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2024

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for a cyclist riding a bicycle. 8 speed 6 m / s 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) State the speed of the cyclist at time = 15 s. speed of cyclist = … m / s [1] (b) Describe the motion of the cyclist 1. from time = 0 to time = 5 s … 2. from time = 10 s to time = 20 s … 3. from time = 20 s to time = 30 s … [3] (c) Calculate the distance travelled by the cyclist from time = 20 s to time = 30 s. distance = … m [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) 8(.0) (m / s) B1 1(b) 1. accelerating OR acceleration B1 2. steady or constant speed B1 3. decelerating OR deceleration B1 1(c) 40 (m) A3 ½  8(.0)  10 (C2) distance (travelled) = area below speed–time graph (C1)

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2024

6 Fig. 6.1 shows some students near some rocky cliffs looking at a boat at sea. The students watch a firework display on the boat. One of the fireworks bursts and makes a loud sound. a firework bursting in air rocky cliffs students boat beach Fig. 6.1 (not to scale) (a) The students hear a loud sound from the firework and then they hear a quieter, similar sound. State what causes the second quieter, similar sound. … [1] (b) The time from when the students see the firework burst to when they hear the first, loud sound is 1.3 s. Calculate the distance from the firework to the students. Use the speed of sound in air = 340 m / s. distance to firework = … m [3] [Total: 4]

4 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a) (sound is) reflected (from cliff ) OR echo (from cliff) B1 6(b) (d =) 440 (m) A3 (d =) 340  1.3 (C2) (d =) s  t OR s = d  t (C1)

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2024

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the distance–time graph for a student’s journey. 1600 1400 1200 1000 distance from student's home 800 / m 600 400 200 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 time / min Fig. 1.1 The student walks from his home to a shop. He stops at the shop. Then he walks to his friend’s house and stops there for 50 minutes. Then he walks back to his home without stopping. (a) (i) Determine the distance between the student’s home and his friend’s house. distance = … m [1] (ii) Calculate the distance between the shop and the friend’s house. distance = … m [1] (b) Calculate the total time for which the student is walking. time = … min [1] (c) Calculate the average speed of the student when he walks back to his home. speed = … m / s [4] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) 1400 (m) B1 1(a)(ii) 800 (m) B1 1(b) 45 (min) B1 1(c) 1.2 (m / s) A4 1400  1200 (C2) (speed =) distance  time OR (s =) d  t (C1) (conversion of 20 min to) 1200 (s) (C1)

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2024

1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for a cyclist at the beginning of a race. 5.0 speed m / s 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 time / s Fig. 1.1 (i) Describe the motion of the cyclist from time = 6.0 s to time = 10.0 s. … [1] (ii) Determine the distance moved by the cyclist from time = 6.0 s to time = 10.0 s. distance = … m [3] (b) Another cyclist travels 1000 m in 1 minute and 29 seconds. (i) Determine how many seconds there are in 1 minute and 29 seconds. number of seconds = … s [1] (ii) Calculate the average speed of this cyclist. average speed = … m / s [3] (c) The horizontal forces acting on a cyclist vary. Fig. 1.2 shows the horizontal forces at one moment during a race. backward force = 50 N forward force = 90 N Fig. 1.2 (not to scale) (i) Calculate the resultant horizontal force acting on the cyclist. resultant horizontal force = … N direction = … [2] (ii) Describe the effect of the resultant horizontal force in (c)(i) on the motion of the cyclist. … [1] [Total: 11]

11 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) constant speed or moving with zero acceleration B1 1(a)(ii) 18 (m) A3 4.5  4(.0) (C2) (distance =) area under graph OR (distance=) speed  time OR (d =) s × t (C1) 1(b)(i) 89 (s) B1 1(b)(ii) 11 (m / s) A3 1000  89 (C2) (speed =) distance  time OR (s =) d  t (C1) 1(c)(i) 40 (N) B1 forwards / to the right B1 1(c)(ii) accelerate / speed increase owtte B1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2024

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed-time graph for a ball falling through the air. 4.0 speed 3.0 m / s 2.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Determine the speed of the ball at time = 1.0 s. speed = … m / s [1] (b) Describe the speed of the ball between time = 2.0 s and time = 5.0 s. … [1] (c) Calculate the distance moved by the ball between time = 2.0 s and time = 5.0 s. distance = … m [3] (d) Fig. 1.2 shows the two vertical forces acting on the ball at time = 3.0 s. X ball Y Fig. 1.2 Give the term used to describe each force. upward force X is ………………………………… downward force Y is ………………………………… [2] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) 3.55 (m/s) B1 1(b) constant/steady (speed) OR B1 zero acceleration 1(c) (distance travelled =) 12 (m) A3 (distance travelled =) 4(.0)  3(.0) (C2) (distance travelled =) area under graph OR b  h (C1) 1(d) (upward force  is) air resistance OR friction OR drag B1 (downward force Y is) weight OR (force of) gravity B1

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2025

12 Fig. 12.1 represents the Earth’s orbit of the Sun. Sun Earth Fig. 12.1 (Not to scale) (a) State the term used to describe the force that keeps the Earth in orbit around the Sun. … [1] (b) Explain why the Earth has an annual cycle of seasons. … … … [1] (c) The distance of the Earth from the Sun is 1.48 × 1011 m. The speed of light is 3.0 × 108 m / s. Calculate the time it takes light from the Sun to reach the Earth. time taken to reach Earth = … s [3] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 12(a) gravitational (attraction) B1 12(b) Earth’s axis is tilted (relative to its orbital plane) B1 OR idea that in part of orbit, N or S pole points towards/away from Sun 12(c) 490 (s) A3 1.48  1011 ÷ 3(.0)  108 (C2) speed = distance ÷ time OR (t =) d ÷ s (C1)

This question in 0625/32 Feb/March 2025

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for a car travelling along a flat, straight road. The graph has four sections, labelled JK, KL, LM and MN. L M 20 speed m / s 15 10 5 K J N 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Complete the following sentence. The car has the largest acceleration in section … . [1] (b) Calculate the distance travelled by the car between time = 20 s and time = 35 s. distance travelled = … m [3] (c) Describe the motion of the car during: (i) section LM … [1] (ii) section MN. … [1] (d) Another car travels a distance of 500 m in a time of 20 s. Calculate the average speed of this car. average speed = … m / s [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) (section) KL OR LK B1 1(b) (distance travelled =) 150 (m) A3 (distance travelled =) ½  20  15 C2 (distance travelled =) area under graph OR ½  b  h C1 1(c)(i) (section LM is) constant / steady speed B1 1(c)(ii) (section MN is) decelerating B1 1(d) (average speed =) 25 (m / s) A3 (average speed =) 500 ÷ 20 C2 (average speed =) (total) distance travelled ÷ (total) time C1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2025

2 A student uses a stop-watch to measure the time for one complete oscillation of a pendulum. Fig. 2.1 shows his measurement. 1 min s 100 s 0:00 83 Fig. 2.1 (a) State the time taken for one complete oscillation. Use the information in Fig. 2.1. time for one complete oscillation = … s [1] (b) Another student uses a different pendulum and measures the time for 15 complete oscillations. The time for 15 complete oscillations is 11.7 s. Calculate the average time for one complete oscillation. average time for one complete oscillation = … s [2] (c) Fig. 2.2 represents a pendulum. P and Q are the extreme positions of the pendulum bob. R is the position of the bob when the string is vertical. support string P Q R pendulum bob Fig. 2.2 A student holds the pendulum bob at P and then releases it. Describe the movement of the pendulum bob during one complete oscillation of the pendulum. You may draw on Fig. 2.2 as part of your answer. … … … … [2] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) 0.83 (s) B1 2(b) (average time =) 0.78 (s) A2 (average time =) (total) time ÷ (number of complete) oscillations C1 OR 11.7 ÷ 15 2(c) idea / description of pendulum swings (from P) to Q and back (to P) / (almost) to start position A2 idea of pendulum moving (from P) to Q OR Q to P C1

This question in 0625/31 May/June 2025

1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graphs for two racing cars, X and Y, at the beginning of a race. 25 speed m / s 20 racingracing carcar XX 15 racingracing carcar YY 10 5 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 time / s Fig. 1.1 (i) Using the information on Fig. 1.1, state and explain which racing car, X or Y, has the greater acceleration between time = 2 s and time = 4 s. racing car … explanation … … [1] (ii) Determine the speed of racing car Y at time = 10 s. speed = … m / s [1] (iii) Determine the distance moved by racing car X from time = 0 to time = 4.0 s. distance = … m [3] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows the directions of four forces, A, B, C and D, acting on a racing car. A D B C Fig. 1.2 (i) Force B is described as ‘the driving force’. Describe: force C … force D … [2] (ii) The racing car is decelerating along a straight horizontal track. The value of force D is 2800 N. Suggest a value for force B. force B = … N [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) racing car X M0 steeper slope owtte A1 1(a)(ii) 24 (m / s) B1 1(a)(iii) 44 (m) A3 ½  22  4 C2 (distance =) area under graph OR ½  b  h OR speed  time C1 1(b)(i) force C – weight OR (force of) gravity OR gravitational pull B1 force D – (air) resistance/drag/friction B1 1(b)(ii) a value less than 2800 (N) B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2025

7 (a) Place ticks (✓) in Table 7.1 to show the properties of sound waves and of microwaves. Table 7.1 property sound waves microwaves longitudinal transverse electromagnetic travel in a vacuum [2] (b) Scientists have placed reflectors on the Moon. Scientists use the reflectors to measure the distance between the Earth and the Moon. reflector on the Moon observatory rayray ofof redred lightlight Fig. 7.1 (not to scale) A scientist in an observatory sends a ray of red light from the observatory to the reflector on the Moon, as shown in Fig. 7.1. The ray takes a total time of 2.5 s to travel from the observatory to the reflector and back to the observatory. The speed of light is 3.0 × 108 m / s. Calculate the distance between the observatory and the reflector. distance = … m [3] (c) (i) State one use of ultraviolet rays. … [1] (ii) State one harmful effect of ultraviolet rays. … [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 7(a) B2 property sound waves microwaves longitudinal ✓ transverse ✓ electromagnetic ✓ travel in a vacuum ✓ 4 correct – 2 marks 2 or 3 correct – 1 mark 7(b) 3.8  108 (m) A3 3(.0)  108  1.25 OR 3(.0)  108  (2.5 ÷ 2) OR 7.5  108 C2 (distance =) speed  time C1 7(c)(i) security marking OR detecting fake bank notes OR sterilising water OR fluorescent effects B1 7(c)(ii) damage to surface cells / skin / eyes OR damage to genes / DNA OR skin cancer B1

This question in 0625/32 May/June 2025

1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graphs for two racing cars, X and Y, at the beginning of a race. 25 speed m / s 20 racingracing carcar XX 15 racingracing carcar YY 10 5 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 time / s Fig. 1.1 (i) Using the information on Fig. 1.1, state and explain which racing car, X or Y, has the greater acceleration between time = 2 s and time = 4 s. racing car … explanation … … [1] (ii) Determine the speed of racing car Y at time = 10 s. speed = … m / s [1] (iii) Determine the distance moved by racing car X from time = 0 to time = 4.0 s. distance = … m [3] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows the directions of four forces, A, B, C and D, acting on a racing car. A D B C Fig. 1.2 (i) Force B is described as ‘the driving force’. Describe: force C … force D … [2] (ii) The racing car is decelerating along a straight horizontal track. The value of force D is 2800 N. Suggest a value for force B. force B = … N [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) racing car X M0 steeper slope owtte A1 1(a)(ii) 24 (m / s) B1 1(a)(iii) 44 (m) A3 ½  22  4 C2 (distance =) area under graph OR ½  b  h OR speed  time C1 1(b)(i) force C – weight OR (force of) gravity OR gravitational pull B1 force D – (air) resistance/drag/friction B1 1(b)(ii) a value less than 2800 (N) B1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2025

7 (a) Place ticks (✓) in Table 7.1 to show the properties of sound waves and of microwaves. Table 7.1 property sound waves microwaves longitudinal transverse electromagnetic travel in a vacuum [2] (b) Scientists have placed reflectors on the Moon. Scientists use the reflectors to measure the distance between the Earth and the Moon. reflector on the Moon observatory rayray ofof redred lightlight Fig. 7.1 (not to scale) A scientist in an observatory sends a ray of red light from the observatory to the reflector on the Moon, as shown in Fig. 7.1. The ray takes a total time of 2.5 s to travel from the observatory to the reflector and back to the observatory. The speed of light is 3.0 × 108 m / s. Calculate the distance between the observatory and the reflector. distance = … m [3] (c) (i) State one use of ultraviolet rays. … [1] (ii) State one harmful effect of ultraviolet rays. … [1] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 7(a) B2 property sound waves microwaves longitudinal ✓ transverse ✓ electromagnetic ✓ travel in a vacuum ✓ 4 correct – 2 marks 2 or 3 correct – 1 mark 7(b) 3.8  108 (m) A3 3(.0)  108  1.25 OR 3(.0)  108  (2.5 ÷ 2) OR 7.5  108 C2 (distance =) speed  time C1 7(c)(i) security marking OR detecting fake bank notes OR sterilising water OR fluorescent effects B1 7(c)(ii) damage to surface cells / skin / eyes OR damage to genes / DNA OR skin cancer B1

This question in 0625/33 May/June 2025

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the distance-time graph for a cyclist travelling along a flat, straight road. 250 200 150 distance / m 100 50 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 time / s Fig. 1.1 (a) Calculate the speed of the cyclist between time = 0 and time = 10 s. speed = … m / s [3] (b) Describe the motion of the cyclist: (i) between time = 0 and time = 20 s … [1] (ii) between time = 20 s and time = 40 s. … [1] [Total: 5]

5 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) (speed = ) 10 (m/s) A3 (speed = ) 100 ÷ 10 (C2) (speed = ) gradient of line (between 0 and 10 s) (C1) 1(b)(i) constant speed OR steady speed OR uniform speed B1 1(b)(ii) stationary OR stopped B1

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2025

11 Mars is one of the four rocky planets nearest the Sun. (a) State why the gravitational field strength at the surface of the Earth is greater than the gravitational field strength at the surface of Mars. … [1] (b) State the names of the four gaseous planets further from the Sun than Mars. List the planets in order of increasing distance from the Sun. 1 … 2 … increasing distance from the Sun 3 … 4 … [3] (c) A device on the surface of Mars sends a radio wave to the Earth. The distance from Mars to the Earth is 1.3 × 1011 m. The speed of the radio wave is 3.0 × 108 m / s. Calculate the time taken for the radio wave to travel from Mars to the Earth. time taken = … s [3] [Total: 7]

7 marks

Mark scheme: 11(a) Earth has greater mass ORA B1 11(b) (1) Jupiter B3 (2) Saturn (3) Uranus (4) Neptune 11(c) 430 (s) A3 1.3  (1011) ÷ 3(.0)  (108) (C2) speed = distance ÷ time OR (t = ) d ÷ s (C1)

This question in 0625/31 Oct/Nov 2025

1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the speed–time graph for the journey of a cyclist. 8 7 speed 6 m / s 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 time / s Fig. 1.1 (i) Determine the speed of the cyclist at time = 5.0 s. speed = … m / s [2] (ii) Describe the motion of the cyclist between time = 52 s and time = 60 s. … [1] (iii) Determine the distance travelled by the cyclist between time = 0 and time = 6.0 s. distance = … m [3] (b) On a different journey, the cyclist travels 560 m in 130 s. Calculate the average speed of the cyclist. average speed = … m / s [3] [Total: 9]

9 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) 6.2 (m / s) A2 indication on graph at time = 5 s C1 1(a)(ii) deceleration or slowing down owtte B1 1(a)(iii) 22 (m) A3 ½  7.4  6(.0) C2 (distance =) area under graph OR ½ b  h C1 1(b) 4.3 (m / s) A3 560 ÷ 130 C2 (average speed =) distance / time C1

This question in 0625/32 Oct/Nov 2025

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a stone falling from a cliff to a beach. cliff stone beach Fig. 1.1 (a) Fig. 1.2 shows the speed-time graph for the stone. 35 B 30 25 speed m / s 20 15 10 5 A 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 time / s Fig. 1.2 (i) Determine the speed of the stone at time = 2.0 s. speed = … m / s [1] (ii) Describe the motion of the stone during section AB of the graph in Fig. 1.2. … [1] (iii) Calculate the distance travelled by the stone between time = 0 and time = 3.4 s. distance = … m [3] (b) The weight of the stone is 0.12 N. Calculate the mass of the stone. mass = … kg [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) 19.5 (m / s) B1 1(a)(ii) acceleration or speeding up owtte B1 1(a)(iii) 56 (m) A3 ½  3.4  33 C2 (distance =) area under graph or ½ b  h C1 1(b) 0.012 (kg) A3 0.12 ÷ 9.8 C2 (mass =) weight / gravitational field strength or w / g or w / 9.8 C1

This question in 0625/33 Oct/Nov 2025