Settlements (rural and urban) and service provision — Paper 2 · IGCSE Geography 0460

1 Study the map extract for Ballyvaghan, Ireland. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) The map has blue grid lines which make squares. What area of land does one grid square show? Tick one answer below. Tick (3) 1 km2 10 km2 20 km2 50 km2 100 km2 [1] (b) (i) Height above sea level is shown by contour lines. What is the difference in height between the contour lines on this map? Tick one answer below. Tick (3) 1 m 10 m 20 m 40 m 100 m [1] (ii) What does the green shading in grid square 2807 show? … [1] (c) Fig. 1 shows some of the features in the east of the map extract. Study Fig. 1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 29 30 31 32 12 12 N67 11 11 C E 10 10 B A 09 09 D 08 08 29 30 31 32 Fig. 1 (i) Identify feature A. … [1] (ii) Identify the type of road at B. … [1] (iii) Give the six-figure grid reference of the road junction at C. … [1] (iv) Give the height above sea level of the spot height at D. … [1] (v) Describe the gradient of the road: between D and E; … [1] between E and C. … [1] (d) Fig. 2 shows the location of the coastal settlements at Ballyvaghan and Bealaclugga. 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 11 11 10 10 09 09 BealacluggaBealaclugga 08 08 BallyvaghanBallyvaghan 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Fig. 2 (i) A person travels along the N67 road from the main road junction at Ballyvaghan to the road junction at Bealaclugga. How far does the person travel? Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) How much further does the person travel along the N67 road than the straight line distance between the two points? Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (iii) Which of the following statements describes the directions that the person travels from Ballyvaghan to Bealaclugga? Tick one answer below. Tick (3) north east then south east north east then south west north west then south west north west then south east south east then north east [1] (e) Fig. 3 is a cross section through the summit (top) of Moneen Mountain from 240077 to 290077. (m) 400 400 height level 300 300 sea above 200 200 above sea 100 100 level height 0 0 (m) 240077 290077 Fig. 3 (i) On Fig. 3, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the lake at Lough Luirk. [1] (ii) Using the map, complete the cross section on Fig. 3. [2] (f) Using map evidence, give reasons for the growth of the settlement at Ballyvaghan. … … … … … … … … … … [5] [Total: 20 marks]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) 1 km2, 1 1(b)(i) 10 m, 1 1(b)(ii) land below 100 m, 1 1(c)(i) (county) boundary, 1 1(c)(ii) third class, 1 1(c)(iii) 316 103/4, 1 1(c)(iv) 25 m, 1 1(c)(v) D – E gentle, 2 E – C steep, 1(d)(i) 6800–7300 (m), 1 1(d)(ii) 1550–2050 (m), 1 Error carried forward. 1(d)(iii) north east then south east, 1 1(e)(i) correct position of Lough Luirk 78–86 mm from left margin, 1 1(e)(ii) summit 250–270m, Not ruler flat or sharply pointed. 2 correct horizontal position of summit 45–52 mm from left margin, 1(f) road junction/route centre, 5 gentle slopes/flat, lowland/below 100 m, quay/harbour/port, visitor centre, earthwork/antiquity, coastal/mountain scenery/to walk/climb, tourism with evidence, services/police/post/school/chapel/church/parking, lake for water supply,

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2017

3 Study Photograph A (Insert), which shows a rural area in South Africa. (a) Describe how relief has influenced the site of the settlement. … … … … … … … … … [4] (b) Describe the land use of the area surrounding the settlement. … … … … … … [3] (c) What evidence in the photograph shows that the settlement has a water supply? … … [1] [Total: 8 marks]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) low(er) land, 4 in valley, gentle(er)/flat land, easier to build (development), surrounded by/avoids highland/mountains/steep slopes/between hills, mountains provide shelter, 3(b) farming/crops/arable/cultivation, 3 fields/boundaries/plots, scrub/bush/open/grass/natural vegetation/unused further away/higher land, trees in town/in lowland, 3(c) dam/reservoir/lake/pond/water-body, 1

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2017

1 Study the map extract for Voss, Norway. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1 shows some of the features of the main settlement of Voss. Study Fig. 1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 58 59 60 61 25 25 C A 24 24 D B 23 23 58 59 60 61 Fig. 1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1: (i) feature A; … [1] (ii) feature B; … [1] (iii) feature C; … [1] (iv) the name of the river at D. … [1] (b) Describe the site of the settlement at Voss. … … … … … … … … [4] (c) Describe the relief of the area around Sonvesåsen in the south east of the map extract. … … … … … … … … [4] (d) Fig. 2 is a cross section along northing 26 from 580260 to 610260. lake 800 800 level X sea 600 600 Y Z 400 400 above metres 200 200 580260 610260 Fig. 2 Identify: (i) the land use at X; … [1] (ii) the land use at Y; … [1] (iii) the feature at Z. … [1] (e) Fig. 3 shows the road from the southern edge of the map at 593210 to the road junction at point X at 584223. 58 59 60 23 23 X 22 22 21 21 58 59 60 Fig. 3 (i) What is the distance along the road? Circle one correct answer below. 750 metres 1550 metres 2050 metres 3050 metres [1] (ii) Describe the route of the road from the southern edge of the map to the road junction at X. … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20 marks]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Railway 1 1(a)(ii) power line 1 1(a)(iii) sports ground 1 1(a)(iv) Vosso 1 1(b) near lake / on lakeside, 4 on river, gentle(r) slope / flat, low(er) ground / valley, road junction / route centre, valley confluence, river confluence, railway junction, 1(c) Hill / mountain / high, 4 654m, steep slopes, convex / gentle(r) upper slopes, deep valley, small valleys, steeper in N/W / gentler in S/E, 1(d)(i) Forest 1 1(d)(ii) Cultivation 1 1(d)(iii) private road 1 1(e)(i) 3050m 1 1(e)(ii) along valley side / along side of a slope, 4 gentle gradient / keeps as level as possible / (about) 300m, avoids steep slope (lower in valley), descends to X, hairpins (etc.), goes NW / NNW, through cultivation and forest, past houses and farms, road junction(s) (not X), crosses stream(s) / river(s),

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2017

2 The local council in North Devon, UK, made a map of the settlement hierarchy in the area. They used five orders of settlement. The results are shown on Fig. 4. Ilfracombe boundary of North Devon sea Braunton BarnstapleBarnstaple NorthamNortham BidefordBideford South Molton GreatGreat TorringtonTorrington boundary of HolsworthyHolsworthy North Devon Key 0 15 order km high regional centre large town small town N village low hamlet boundary of main road North Devon sphere of influence of South Molton Fig. 4 (a) (i) How many settlements on Fig. 4 are classified as small towns? … [1] (ii) Using Fig. 4, describe the relationship between: order of settlement and number of settlements; … … order of settlement and distance between settlements. … … [2] (b) The boundary of the sphere of influence of South Molton is shown on Fig. 4. On Fig. 4, draw another circle to show the likely sphere of influence of Braunton. [1] (c) Using evidence from Fig. 4, suggest why Holsworthy has grown into the most important settlement in the south west of the area. … … … … … [2] (d) To decide the order of a settlement in the hierarchy, the council analysed the services provided. They used the descriptions shown in the table below. For each description, show the rank order of each settlement in the hierarchy by adding the numbers 1 – 5 in the second column. Description of settlement Order (1 = highest, 5 = lowest) • At least 16 or more convenience and 100 or more comparison stores • Primary and secondary schools up to the age of 18 • Good public transport services via bus • A convenience shop • A primary school • Some community facilities • Limited access to public transport • No local services (e.g. shop) • No schools • Limited access to public transport • At least 16 or more convenience and 100 or more comparison stores • Primary and secondary schools up to the age of 18 • The widest range of community services and facilities • Good public transport services via bus and rail • At least 6 or more convenience and 10 or more comparison stores • Primary and secondary schools up to the age of 16 • Reasonable access to public transport [2] [Total: 8 marks] TURN PAGE FOR QUESTION 3

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) 6 1 2(a)(ii) inverse relationship, 2 higher order = lower number / lower order = higher number, positive relationship higher order = larger distance apart / lower order = smaller distance apart, For high and low order allow two named settlement types for each. 2(b) circle to include at least two neighbouring hamlets / villages but no towns, 1 2(c) road junction / focus / route centre, 2 accessible, no other towns in the area, large sphere of influence, 2(d) 2 2 4 5 1 3 All 5 correct = 2 3/4 correct = 1

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2017

3 Study Photograph A (Insert), which shows a rural area in Africa. (a) Describe the site of the settlement shown in Photograph A. … … … … … [2] (b) Describe the residential area in the foreground of the photograph (area X) and the residential area in the background of the photograph (area Y). Residential area in the foreground of the photograph (area X) … … … … … … … … … Residential area in the background of the photograph (area Y) … … … … … … [6] [Total: 8 marks]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) gentle slope / flatter, 2 foot of hill / low ground / hill behind / next to hill / next to steep slope, X lower / Y higher, dry (site), 3(b) Area X 6 small houses, single storey, in rows / lines, spaces between / less dense / more dispersed / gardens / yards, road(s), houses have common design / uniform, electricity poles / power lines etc., variety of colours / colourful / two named colours, street lights, sloping / ridged roofs, trees, Area Y small houses, (Allow only if not given for X) huts / shacks / slum / shanty / squatter, no services / electricity / roads, dense / more dense / clustered /no spaces, irregular pattern / randomly arranged / less orderly, Either area Allow one additional mark for a comparison of size between the areas, i.e. smaller in Y / larger in X. Reserve 2 marks for each area.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2017

1 Study the map extract, which is for Lillehammer, Norway. The scale is 1:50 000. Fig. 1 shows some of the features in the south-west part of the map extract. (a) Study Fig. 1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 73 74 75 76 77 79 79 78 78 A 77 77 E B 76 76 D 75 75 C 74 74 73 73 72 72 73 74 75 76 77 Fig. 1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1: (i) feature A; … [1] (ii) feature B; … [1] (iii) feature C; … [1] (iv) the height of the land at D; … metres [1] (v) the type of building at E. … [1] (b) State three pieces of evidence that tourism is a main function of Vingnes. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (c) Describe the natural features of the lake Mjøsa between northing 78 and the southern edge of the map. … … … … … … … … [4] (d) Identify the feature at grid reference 815818. … [1] (e) Describe the distribution of the main settlements on the map extract. … … … … … … [3] (f) Fig. 2 shows northing 73 between the west shore of lake Mjøsa and the western edge of the map, divided into four sections, A, B, C and D. western west shore edge direction of movement of lake of map Mjøsa Brattberg D C B A northing 73 Fig. 2 The descriptions of relief are: gentle downhill slope, steep downhill slope, gentle uphill slope, steep uphill slope, deep valley, shallow valley Complete the table to describe the relief along the four sections of grid line 73, starting from the lake, moving from east to west. Choose one description from the list above for each section. Section Description A … … B … … C … … D … … [4] [Total: 20 marks]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) power line 1 1(a)(ii) Marsh 1 1(a)(iii) (marked prepared) ski trail 1 1(a)(iv) 673 1 1(a)(v) farm/farmhouse 1 1(b) swimming, 3 ski jump, sports park, (illuminated) ski trail, hotel/lodging, restaurant, nature reserve/nature conservation area, marked footpath, café, boatshed, Credit best three answers given. 1(c) variable width/widens to south/narrows to north, 4 island(s), 119–123 m, nature conservation area/nature reserve, river mouth(s)/tributary(ies), delta, bends/not straight, flow to south, 1(d) trigonometric point, 1 1(e) near lake/lake side/by Mjøsa, 3 both sides (of lake), more on east side, confluence (of rivers/valleys), on low(er)/avoids high(er), on gentle(r)/on flat(ter)/avoids steep(er), in valley(s), on/along roads, 1(f) A steep uphill slope, 4 B gentle uphill slope, C gentle downhill slope D shallow valley, If more information given, credit correct answers unless information is from more than one answer from the list.

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2017

1 Study the map extract for Vangsvatnet, Norway. The scale is 1:25 000. Fig. 1 shows some of the features around the lake of Vangsvatnet. Study Fig. 1 and the map extract, and answer the questions on the opposite page. 51 52 53 54 26 26 D F 25 25 E C H B G 24 24 J A 23 23 51 52 53 54 Fig. 1 (a) Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1: (i) feature A; … [1] (ii) feature B; … [1] (iii) feature C; … [1] (iv) the height above sea level at trigonometric point D; … [1] (v) feature E; … [1] (vi) the name of river F; … [1] (vii) the feature of the river in area G. … [1] (b) A person walks along the edge of the lake from H to J. How far does the person walk? Circle one correct answer below. 1500 m 1800 m 2100 m 2400 m [1] (c) Describe the route of the railway from the western edge of the map to the settlement at Bulken. … … … … … [2] (d) Fig. 2 shows an area in the north west of the map extract. Describe the relief of this area. 49 50 51 29 29 H o r n 28 28 49 50 51 Fig. 2 … … … … … … … … … … [5] (e) Describe the distribution of cultivation and forest in the area shown by the map extract. Cultivation … … … … … … … … Forest … … … … … … … … [5] [Total: 20 marks]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) power line, 1 1(a)(ii) road, 1 1(a)(iii) hotel/lodging, 1 1(a)(iv) 625 m, 1 1(a)(v) cultural monument, 1 1(a)(vi) Dyrvo, 1 1(a)(vii) delta/distributaries, 1 1(b) 1800 m 1 1(c) on south side of lake, 2 bridge over lake, on north side of lake, (allow side of lake once if south/north not stated) tunnel, keeps low/flat/avoids high/avoids steep, 1(d) high/mountainous, 5 steep, 1103 m, lowest 680–700 m, valley (in east), V shape, spur/ridge (in west), gentler summit, double summit/two high points, convex, 1(e) Cultivation 5 low(er), gentle(r), near lake, in valley, below 400 m, (allow any height lower than 400 m) more in south east/south, Forest high/higher than the cultivation, avoids highest land/summits, steep(er), below 600/800 m, Reserve 1 for each.

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2017

1 Study the map extract, which is for Mesnali, Norway. The scale is 1:50 000. Fig. 1 shows some of the features in the southern part of the map extract. (a) Study Fig. 1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 92 93 94 95 96 97 78 78 B 77 77 A C 76 76 75 75 F D 74 74 E 73 73 92 93 94 95 96 97 Fig. 1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1: (i) feature A; … [1] (ii) feature B; … [1] (iii) the height of the land at C; … [1] (iv) the main land use in grid square D; … [1] (v) the land use at E; … [1] (vi) feature F. … [1] (b) List three services in the settlement of Mesnali. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (c) Identify ways in which the settlement of Mesnali differs from that of Nattrudstilen. Do not write about services. … … … … … … [3] (d) Describe the relief of Snørvillen in grid squares 9581 and 9681. … … … … … … [3] (e) (i) Measure the distance along the power line from the junction of power lines in Mesnali at 911755 to where the power line leaves the southern edge of the map in grid square 9773. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) State the bearing of the power line from the junction of power lines in 9175 to where the power line leaves the southern edge of the map in grid square 9773. … degrees [1] (f) Fig. 2 shows the river Fjellelva’s course between two lakes. 90 94 86 86 Kroksjøen Fjellelva R. Sjusjøen 80 80 90 94 Fig. 2 (i) State the direction in which the river is flowing. The river flows to the … [1] (ii) Give two pieces of evidence to support your answer. 1 … … 2 … … [2] [Total: 20 marks]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (marked) footpath, 1 1(a)(ii) ski lift, 1 1(a)(iii) 626 m, 1 1(a)(iv) forest, 1 1(a)(v) cultivation, 1 1(a)(vi) trigonometric point, 1 1(b) grocery, 3 hotel/lodging, swimming, illuminated ski trail, church, nursing home, electricity/power line, council offices, 1(c) M has built-up area N has not/M more built up, 3 M has no/few cabins/N has some/many, M has farms N none, M houses N none, M dominant buildings N none, M smaller area N larger area, M is a town N is a resort, M on lower ground/N higher, M higher density/N lower density 1(d)(i) hill/high/mountain, 3 ridge/elongated/oval shape, 995 m, concave slope, steep(er) to north/south, gentle(r) to east, 1(e)(i) 6800–7200 (metres), 1 1(e)(ii) 111–114 (degrees), 1 1(f)(i) south, 1 1(f)(ii) lake Kroksjøen higher/Sjusjøen lower/882–879 m and 810–806 m, 2 907/905/899 m–835 m, contour shape, angle of tributaries,

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2017

1 Study the map extract for Geitsida, Norway. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south east of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 61 62 63 64 65 52 52 C B 51 51 D 50 50 A 49 49 61 62 63 64 65 Fig. 1.1 (i) Identify the type of road at A. … [1] (ii) Identify feature B. … [1] (iii) What is the height of contour C? … metres [1] (iv) What is the six-figure grid reference of the road junction at D? Tick one correct answer below. Tick (3) 652511 509648 648510 648508 648509 [2] (b) A person travels along the road from the northern edge of the map at Nyheim to the eastern edge of the map at Atnbrua. (i) In which compass direction does the person travel? Tick one correct statement below. Tick (3) north west to south east south east to north west north east to south west south west to north east [1] (ii) How far does the person travel along the road? Tick one correct statement below. Tick (3) 7200 metres 7800 metres 8400 metres 9000 metres [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 58 from 580580 to 640580. 1300 1300 1200 1200 1100 1100 height height 1000 1000(metres) (metres) 900 900 800 800 0 0 580580 640580 Fig. 1.2 (i) Using the map, complete the cross section on Fig. 1.2. [2] (ii) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of Voldalen. [1] (iii) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of Midtvola. [1] (d) Fig. 1.3 shows the mountainous area around Geitsida in the west of the map extract. 55 56 57 58 58 58 57 57 Geitsida 56 56 55 55 55 56 57 58 Fig. 1.3 Describe the relief of the area shown on Fig. 1.3. … … … … … … … … [3] (e) Look at the whole of the map extract. (i) Describe the distribution of cultivation and forest. … … … … … … … … [3] (ii) Describe the relationship between roads and relief. … … … … … … … … [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) state/country/district road, 1 1(a)(ii) hotel/lodging, 1 1(a)(iii) 1200 (metres), 1 1(a)(iv) 648509 = 2, 2 648508 = 1 1(b)(i) north west to south east, 1 1(b)(ii) 8400 metres, 1 1(c)(i) 1000 m–1050 m, 2 summit between 75 and 85 mm from left, 1(c)(ii) Voldalen between 45 and 60 mm from left, 1 1(c)(iii) Midtvola between 70 and 87 mm from left, 1 In each part of (b) use the ruler device to measure the answers. Arrows should end within about 1 cm of the profile. Measure to the point that the arrow projects to. There should be no ambiguity. Allow labels by names or question numbers. 1(d) upland/mountains/high, 3 steep slopes, heights 1200–1560 metres, many/small/narrow/V-shaped valleys, (max 2) spurs/ridges, several summits/peaks, at least 3 1(e)(i) in low(er) land/avoids high(er)/avoids over 1000 m, 3 in valley(s), in NE/N/E, NW and SE don’t spoil response. cultivation within forest, cultivation on valley floor, cultivation lower/forest higher, (comparison) cultivation on gentle(r), forest on steep(er), 1(e)(ii) follow valleys, 3 keep low(er)/avoid high(er)/avoid over 800 m, on gentle(r)/flat qualified /avoids steep(er), on valley floor, on eastern side of valley, on steep land in south,

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2018

6 Study Figs. 6.1 and 6.2 (Insert), which are two photographs showing two areas of rural settlement. (a) Identify each settlement pattern. Fig. 6.1 … Fig. 6.2 … [2] (b) Describe the site of the settlement in Fig. 6.2. … … … … … … … … … … … … [4] (c) Suggest one economic activity which could be carried out in the area shown in Fig. 6.2. Support your answer with evidence from the photograph. Economic activity … Evidence … … … [2] [Total: 8] Additional Pages If you use the following lined pages to complete the answer(s) to any question(s), the question number(s) must be clearly shown. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

8 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a) dispersed, 2 nucleated, 6(b) low(er) ground/avoids high(er)/in valley/bottom of mountain, 4 gentle slope/flat qualified (flat = 0)/avoids steep, away from/higher than lake/river/sea, away from rocky ground, in woodland/trees, in farmland/fields, 6(c) tourism/holidays, 2 mountain/lake scenery, tourism/tours, boats, farming, fields, mining/quarrying, In each case must have first point to score the second. spoil heaps, tourism, snow on mountains, fishing, boats/lake/river/sea, forestry, trees/woodland

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2018

1 Study the map extract for Vinstra, Norway. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 38 39 40 41 42 36 36 Myre D 35 35 A C 34 34 B 33 33 38 39 40 41 42 Fig. 1.1 (i) Identify the type of road at A. … [1] (ii) Identify feature B. … [1] (iii) Identify feature C. … [1] (iv) What is the height above sea level at D? … metres [1] (v) What is the six-figure grid reference of the house at Myre, shown on Fig. 1.1? Tick one correct answer below. Tick (3) 382355 355392 408366 391354 391355 [2] (b) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 345 from the western edge of the map at 340345 to 400345, passing through the summit of the mountain Teigkampen. 1200 1200 1000 1000 height 800 800 height (metres) (metres) 600 600 400 400 200 200 0 0 340345 400345 Fig. 1.2 (i) Using the map, complete the cross section on Fig. 1.2. [2] (ii) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the railway. [1] (iii) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of a marked footpath. [1] (c) Using map evidence, give reasons for the growth of the main area of settlement on the map at Vinstra. … … … … … … … … … … [4] (d) Fig. 1.3 shows part of the valley of the river Vinstra in the south west of the map extract. 34 35 36 37 28 28 north side 27 27 Vinstra 26 26 south side 25 25 34 35 36 37 Fig. 1.3 Compare the following features on the north side of the valley and the south side of the valley: roads … … … … settlement … … … … land use … … … … relief. … … … … [6] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) state/country/county/district/E6 (road). 1 1(a)(ii) (unmarked) footpath. 1 1(a)(iii) lake/Bosen, 1 Allow dam, reservoir, Bosen river and max/min lake elevation. Other lake names spoil. 1(a)(iv) 833 (metres). 1 1(a)(v) 391 354 = 2, 2 391 355 = 1. 1(b)(i) summit height 1000–1100 m, 2 summit 45–55 mm from left hand margin. 1(b)(ii) railway 83–91 mm from left hand margin. 1 1(b)(iii) footpath 98–104 mm from left hand margin, 1 In each part of (b) use the ruler device to measure the answers. Arrows should end within about 1cm of the profile. Measure to the point that the arrow projects to. There should be no ambiguity. Allow labels by names or question numbers. 1(c) gentle(r) slope/flat qualified, 4 low(er)/below 400–500 m, sunny/SW facing slope, in valley, sheltered by mountains, state/country/county/district/main/E6 road(s)/railway, junction of valleys/routes/roads, river for water/transport, bridge point, forest for fuel/building material, industrial area/industry, quarry, tourism/any two of hotel/lodging, information, skiing, ‘sight’, fishing, swimming/paths for hiking/campsite/shooting. 1(d) Credit the following comparisons between north and south. 6 Roads overall: N more roads/S fewer roads/N more density/S less dense, state/country/county/district/main/public roads: in north but (almost) none in the south, private roads: in both N and S, private roads: more in south/fewer in N (= 2), variety of roads: more types in N/fewer types in S, E – W roads: in both N and S, bends: more in N/fewer in S, gradient of roads: N steeper/S gentler, gradient of roads: follow slope/keep level in both N and S. Settlement amount of settlement: N more/S less, allow population, (built up/buildings = 0) houses/cabin/shanty/farm/boatshed: in both N and S, (more houses in N = 1) pattern: both dispersed, east and west: N more in west/S more in east, hotel/lodging: in S and not in N. Land use cultivation: more in N/less in S, ) If neither point given, allow ‘N mainly forest: more in S/less in N,) cultivation and S mainly forest’ = 1 nature conservation/reserve: in both N and S, Relief gradient: both steep, (within N and S gentle spoils but gentler does not) altitude: N higher/S lower/N 900–940 m S 860–880 m, Reserve 1 mark for each.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2018

3 Study Fig. 3.1, which shows part of Flevoland province in the Netherlands. N North East Polder EmmeloordEmmeloord Urk X Dronten Lelystad 0 5 10 km Key eastern boundary of railway Flevoland province airport coastline water motorway other provinces main road built-up area minor road Fig. 3.1 (a) Complete the table below to show the hierarchy of settlements in the area shown on Fig. 3.1. Settlement order Settlement name Number of settlements highest 1 middle ………………………. and ………….………….. 2 lowest 11 [3] (b) All land uses on the North East Polder were planned. (i) Describe how the planners arranged the settlements on the North East Polder. … … [1] (ii) Describe the road pattern on the North East Polder. … … … … [2] (c) Use Fig. 3.1 to explain why Dronten has grown more rapidly than Emmeloord. … … [1] (d) Suggest why residents in village X use shops and services in Lelystad even though Dronten is closer. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) highest–Lelystad, 3 middle–Emmeloord, middle–Dronten, 3(b)(i) biggest settlement/Emmeloord in the middle/smaller ones on outer area, 1 equally spaced, lower order settlements/villages within easy reach of Emmeloord, at road junctions, 3(b)(ii) radial/radiating/focus on Emmeloord/Emmeloord route centre, 2 circular/ring road/a square, spider’s web/wheel, 3(c) near(er) railway, 1 near(er) airport, near(er) Lelystad’s services/shops, 3(d) more shops/services/goods, 1 better shops/services/goods, cheaper goods/services/goods, work in Lelystad, higher order goods available, Accept other suggestions.

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2018

1 Study the map extract for Frya, Norway. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north west of the map extract. 55 56 57 58 59 60 34 34 C 33 33 D B E 32 32 A 31 31 55 56 57 58 59 60 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the height above sea level at C … metres [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the contour at D … metres [1] (v) the type of land at E. … [1] (b) Using map evidence, give reasons for the growth of the settlement at Frya in the south west of the map extract. … … … … … … … … … … … … … [5] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 280 from 600280 to the eastern edge of the map at 640280. 1000 X Y Z 1000 800 800 height 600 600 height (metres) (metres) 400 400 200 200 0 0 600280 640280 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Give the name of the river at Y. … [1] (iii) Identify the feature at Z. … [1] (iv) The cross section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross section. [2] (d) Fig. 1.3 shows part of the valley of the Frya river in the south west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.3 and answer the questions below. 55 56 57 29 29 Frya 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 55 56 57 Fig. 1.3 (i) Describe the relief of the part of the valley shown on Fig. 1.3. … … … … … … … … [3] (ii) Describe the distribution of cultivation in the part of the valley shown on Fig. 1.3. … … … [1] (iii) Using map evidence, suggest a reason for the distribution that you have described in (d)(ii). … … … [1] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) road 1 1(a)(ii) car park/parking 1 1(a)(iii) 1093 (m) 1 1(a)(iv) 1000 (m) 1 1(a)(v) marsh 1 1(b) flat/gentle(r)/avoids steep 5 low(er)/avoids high sheltered by mountains route centre/road junction/valley confluence tourism camping/camp site/camp site cabins/hotel/lodging/restaurant/footpath/ airport industry/power station quarry/gravel pit railway bridge(s) river/lake for water/power/transport 1(c)(i) (unmarked) footpath 1 1(c)(ii) Nordaa 1 1(c)(iii) private road 1 1(c)(iv) 700 m contour 52–57 mm from left hand margin 2 end over 800 m and up to 850 m Use the ruler device to measure the answers. 1(d)(i) winding 3 interlocking spurs steep deep V-shaped convex slopes/steeper at bottom 200 m – 800 m 1(d)(ii) west facing/east side 1 in middle of slope/avoids highest and lowest more gentle/avoids steep/not too steep near settlement/farms near road 1(d)(iii) sunny/warmer 1 more accessible/easier for transport easier to cultivate more gentle/avoids steep/less steep ) If not near settlement/farms ) given near road ) in (i)

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2018

1 Study the map extract for Furusjøen, Norway. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features close to the Glitra river in the south east part of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 39 40 41 42 43 56 56 B Glitra 55 55 C 54 54 53 53 D 52 52 Glitra 51 51 A 50 50 39 40 41 42 43 Fig. 1.1 (i) Identify the land use at A. … [1] (ii) What type of land is shown at B? … [1] (iii) What is the height above sea level of the spot height at C? … metres [1] (iv) What is the height above sea level of the contour at D? … metres [1] (v) What is the direction of flow of the Glitra river in the area shown on Fig. 1.1? Tick one correct answer below. Tick (✓) south west then south south east then south north then north east north west then south [1] (vi) What is the distance along the Glitra river in the area shown on Fig. 1.1? Tick one correct answer below. Tick (✓) 5½ kilometres 6½ kilometres 7½ kilometres 8½ kilometres [1] (b) Look at the main settlement in the central part of the map extract. Give three services provided for tourists in this settlement. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 59 from 370590 to the eastern edge of the map at 430590. 1600 1600 X Y 1500 1500 1400 1400 height height (metres) (metres) 1300 1300 1200 1200 1100 1100 0 0 370590 430590 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross section. [2] (d) Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the north east of the map extract. 39 40 41 42 43 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 39 40 41 42 43 Fig. 1.3 (i) Describe the relief of the area shown in Fig. 1.3. … … … … … … … … [4] (ii) Describe the drainage of the area shown in Fig. 1.3. … … … … … … [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) forest 1 1(a)(ii) marsh 1 1(a)(iii) 1236(m) 1 1(a)(iv) 1200(m) 1 1(a)(v) south west then south 1 1(a)(vi) 8½ km 1 1(b) winter parking 3 hotel/lodging cabins/camp site cabins grocery viewpoint canoeing downhill ski (route) ski trail sight footpath nature conservation area Credit the first three given. 1(c)(i) (marked) ski trail 1 1(c)(ii) (marked) footpath 1 1(c)(iii) left side just below 1400 m and above 1350 m 2 1300 m reached 16–20 mm from left hand side Measure with ruler device. 1(d)(i) steep 4 high/hilly/hill(s)/upland/mountain(s) 1600/1602 m valley(s) V-shaped straight E/SE steeper/W/NW gentler/asymmetrical 1(d)(ii) (river store) Ula 3 flows to south west (fairly) straight variable width marsh ponds/small lakes tributaries/affluents/confluence tributaries on W/NW/none on E/SE

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2018

1 Study the map extract, which is for Mjølkeråen, Norway. The scale is 1:25 000. Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the northern part of the map extract. (a) Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 96 97 98 99 15 15 A B 14 14 C 13 13 D E 12 12 96 97 98 99 Fig. 1.1 Identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of building A; … [1] (ii) feature B; … [1] (iii) feature C; … [1] (iv) the height of the contour at D; … metres [1] (v) the land use at E. … [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows an incomplete cross section along northing 13 from the coast at 946130 to 980130. unmarked footpath west east 500 500 400 400 height height 300 300(metres) (metres) 200 200 100 100 0 0 946130 954130 980130 Fig. 1.2 (i) Complete the cross section on Fig. 1.2. [2] (ii) On Fig. 1.2, using labelled arrows mark the positions of: – a power line (use label P); – an area of cultivation (use label C). [2] (c) Describe the distribution of the built-up areas north of northing 14. … … … … [2] (d) State the six-figure grid reference of the boatshed on the coast road at Hylkje in the north east. (The boatshed is shown by a small black triangle.) … [2] (e) Complete the description of the relief and drainage of grid square 9711. The highest point is over … metres. Hilltop slopes are more … sloping than lower slopes. There is little surface drainage, except for three small … . Two of them drain towards the … and one towards the … . [5] (f) Fig. 1.3 shows the positions of two grid squares, 9613 and 9813 on the map extract. 96 97 98 99 13 13 13 13 96 97 98 99 Fig. 1.3 The table below compares features of the two grid squares. Complete the table by putting a tick (3) in each box to indicate whether the feature appears in that grid square. Three examples have been completed. Feature 9613 9813 3 3 open area 3 land over 400 metres farm marsh [2] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) cultural 1 1(a)(ii) tunnel 1 1(a)(iii) historical site 1 1(a)(iv) 400 1 1(a)(v) forest 1 1(b)(i) western end at 0 m and 0–3 mm from left hand margin 2 steepest between 100 m and 200 m height approximately 1(b)(ii) position of P/power line 39–44 mm from left hand margin 2 position of C/cultivation 94–102 mm from left hand margin Use the ruler device to measure the answers. Arrows should end within about 1 cm of the profile. Measure to the point that the arrow projects to. There should be no ambiguity. Allow labels by names or question numbers. 1(c) coastal/near coast 2 linear low/below 100 m flat(ter)/gently sloping regular spacing/even distribution 1(d) correct square (9914) = 1 2 996140/1 = 2 1(e) 400–460 5 gentle(r)/flatter/convex streams/rivers/tributaries east/south-east/lake/Kjeneset south 1(f) farm in 9613 only = 1 2 marsh in both squares = 1

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2018

3 Study Fig. 3.1 (Insert), which is a photograph of a rural settlement in Lesotho, southern Africa. (a) State how the following appear to have influenced the location of the settlement in Fig. 3.1: relief (height and slope) … … … … accessibility … … … … water supply. … … … … [5] (b) Study Fig. 3.2, which shows the locations of settlements in the area. The only shop in settlement B is a general store. N Key A village town road B C D 0 1 2 E km Fig. 3.2 (i) To which settlement on Fig. 3.2 are people who live in settlement B most likely to travel to buy furniture? Circle your answer in the list below. A B C D E [1] (ii) Explain why you have chosen the settlement you have identified in (b)(i). … … … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) foot of high(er) ground/on low(er) ground/avoids high/next to hill/next to 5 plateau sheltered from wind gentle slope/flatter/avoids steep easy to build on/cultivate roads/paths roads meet (water supply from) streams/channels (water supply from) pond/(small) lake/dam/reservoir Ignore headings. Accept points where they are given. At least one mark for each factor. 3(b)(i) E 1 3(b)(ii) high order good/comparison good/needs a high threshold population 2 E is a town/the largest settlement in the area /has more choice villages too small to support a furniture shop

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2018

1 Study the map extract for Åhus, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the area around the mouth of the Möllerännan river in the main settlement of Åhus. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 55 56 57 58 59 99 99 A river 98 98 B C D 97 97 sea 96 96 55 56 57 58 59 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the land use in each of the following areas shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) area A … [1] (ii) area B … [1] (iii) area C … [1] (iv) area D. … [1] (b) Look at the Möllerännan river in the south west of the map extract. Describe the human and physical features of the river. … … … … … … … … … [4] (c) Describe the shape of the coastline between the main settlement at Åhus and the north edge of the map. … … … … … … [2] (d) The location of the small settlement at Fårabäck is shown on Fig. 1.2. 58 59 60 61 62 03 03 Fårabäck 02 02 sea 01 01 58 59 60 61 62 Fig. 1.2 Give map evidence that suggests that Fårabäck is a tourist settlement. … … … … [2] (e) Find the small settlements of Nygård (6004) and Landön (6303) in the north east of the map extract. (i) Measure the distance along the public road from the north edge of the map at Nygård to the end of the road at Landön. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Give the compass direction from the end of the road at Nygård to the end of the road at Landön. … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the end of the road at Nygård to the end of the road at Landön. … degrees [1] (iv) What is the six-figure grid reference of the end of the public road at Landön? Tick one box below. Tick (✓) 031632 642042 632031 033634 632042 [2] (f) Fig. 1.3 shows the area of a military firing range in the centre of the map extract. The area is surrounded by a thick, dashed blue line. 54 55 56 57 58 59 6005 05 04 04 03 03 Skjutfält 02 02 01 01 sea 00 00 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Fig. 1.3 Describe the relief of the area of the firing range. … … … … … … … … [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (other) major buildings 1 1(a)(ii) coniferous and mixed forest 1 1(a)(iii) marsh (liable to flooding) 1 1(a)(iv) low rise buildings 1 1(b) flows north east, 4 wide/200 m/at least 6 m wide, wider downstream/variable width, meanders, marsh/floods, bridges/roads crossing, marina, small forest stand, gentle gradient, delta/mouth/reaches sea, one tributary 1(c) straight at beginning/in south, 2 altered by human activity, headland(s), bay(s), stack/island(s) 1(d) coastal/near sea, 2 leisure homes/second homes, bathing, sheltered bay 1(e)(i) 3000–3200 m 1 1(e)(ii) south east 1 1(e)(iii) 127–131° 1 1(e)(iv) 632031 = 2 2 632042 = 1 1(f) flat/gentle, 3 low, 10 m, flat inland/north west, more hilly/higher/steeper in south east/along coast

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2019

1 Study the map extract for Kivik, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south west of the map extract around the settlement of Olof. 44 45 46 47 68 68 D E 67 67 C F 66 66 A B 65 65 44 45 46 47 Fig. 1.1 (a) Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the type of road at B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level at spot height D … metres [1] (v) the land use in area E … [1] (vi) the land use in area F. … [1] (b) Look at the coastal area from Kivik to the northern edge of the map extract. Give two pieces of map evidence which suggests that this area has a tourist industry. 1 … 2 … [2] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 69 from 490690 to the sea at 560690. Y coastline X Z 150 150 metres metres above above 100 100 sea sea level level 50 50 0 0 490690 560690 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify feature X. … [1] (ii) Name the settlement at Y. … [1] (iii) Using the map, complete the cross section on Fig. 1.2 between Z and the coastline. [1] (d) Look at the settlements of Olof and S Mellby. Find the churches in Olof and S Mellby, shown by this symbol: † (i) Measure the distance in a straight line between the church at Olof and the church at S Mellby. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Give the compass direction from the church at Olof to the church at S Mellby. … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the church at Olof to the church at S Mellby. … degrees [1] (iv) What is the six-figure grid reference of the church at S Mellby? Tick one box below. Tick (3) 688507 507688 507689 513691 507691 [2] (e) Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the north of the map extract. 47 48 49 50 73 73 Mölleån 72 72 71 71 47 48 49 50 Fig. 1.3 Describe the relief of this area. … … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) railway (any type) 1 1(a)(ii) public road (any type) 1 1(a)(iii) shooting range (any type) 1 1(a)(iv) 144 (metres) 1 1(a)(v) forest (any type) 1 1(a)(vi) arable (land) 1 1(b) camp site, 2 marina, bathing, ancient monument 1(c)(i) road 1 1(c)(ii) S Mellby 1 1(c)(iii) profile completed with ground rising (not over 100m) then falling to sea level 1 at the coastline 1(d)(i) 6600–6900 (metres) 1 1(d)(ii) NE / ENE 1 1(d)(iii) 62–65 (degrees) 1 1(d)(iv) 507688 = 2 2 507689 = 1 1(e) valley, 4 steep (sides), uniform slope, V-shaped, narrow, lowest 10–25 m, highest 110–120 m, north facing slope / slopes down to north

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2019

3 Figs. 3.1 and 3.2 (Insert) are photographs which show two settlements. (a) Describe the site and location of each settlement. Fig. 3.1 … … … … … Fig. 3.2 … … … … … [4] (b) Describe the agriculture in each photograph. Fig. 3.1 … … … … … Fig. 3.2 … … … … … [4] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) Fig. 3.1 4 gentle slopes / flat / avoids steep, lower land / avoids high / foot of mountains (near mountains = 0), in valley, near lake Fig. 3.2 gentle slope, raised/higher/on hill, avoids floods/marsh Maximum three on each photograph. 3(b) Fig. 3.1 4 fields / plots, in rows, unused land, reservoir / dam for irrigation Fig. 3.2 fields / plots, flooded / padi / rice, raised banks, young / new crop Allow ‘arable/crops/plantations’ once in either part. Maximum three on each photograph.

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2019

1 Study the map extract for Tollarp, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the centre of the map extract around the settlement of Tollarp. 34 35 36 37 38 01 01 00 00 Tollarp B A 99 99 E D C 98 98 34 35 36 37 38 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the height above sea level at spot height E. … metres [1] (b) Find the main river on the map extract, the Vramsån river. Describe the features of the river. … … … … … … … … … … [4] (c) Fig. 1.2 shows an area in the west of the map extract. Area A is south west of the E22 road and area B is north east of the E22 road. 30 31 32 33 34 02 02 01 B 01 Y 00 00 E22 99 99 A 98 98 X 97 97 30 31 32 33 34 Fig. 1.2 Describe the differences in relief between area A and area B. … … … … … … … … [3] (d) Fig. 1.3 is a cross section between points X and Y, shown on Fig. 1.2 on the opposite page. P Q 200 200 150 150 metres metres above sea above sea 100 100 level level 50 50 0 0 X Y Fig. 1.3 Using the map extract: (i) identify feature P … [1] (ii) identify feature Q … [1] (iii) complete the cross section on Fig. 1.3. [1] (e) Look at the E22 road between where it crosses the Vramsån river and the eastern edge of the map extract. (i) Measure the distance along this section of road. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Give the compass direction from where the E22 crosses the river to where it meets the eastern edge of the map extract. … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from where the E22 crosses the river to where it meets the eastern edge of the map extract. … degrees [1] (iv) What is the six-figure grid reference of the point where the E22 crosses the river? Tick one box below. Tick (✓) 360987 360983 379993 362977 987360 [2] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) mast 1 1(a)(ii) (other) major building (allow industrial building) 1 1(a)(iii) industrial area / industry (allow rock outcrop) 1 1(a)(iv) (parish / other) church 1 1(a)(v) 39 (m), In (a)(i)–(v) if there is more than one answer and one is wrong = 0 1 1(b) flows to south east / east / from north west / west, 4 variable width / wider to east / southeast / narrower to west / northwest, meanders / bends etc., tributary / ies / confluence(s), bridge(s) / crossing / underpass 1(c) A steeper / B more gentle / A steep and B gentle / flat, 3 A higher / B lower / A high and B low / A more hilly (mountains, uplands = 0 but don’t spoil higher / lower), A 65–165 m, (Allow heights between) B 39–65 m, (Allow heights between) 1(d)(i) (public) road / motorway / E22, (not approach, through, private, street or 1 park road) 1(d)(ii) (Vramsan) river / watercourse 1 1(d)(iii) land rising to over 150 m but below 180 m, 1 1(e)(i) 4000–4300 (metres), 1 1(e)(ii) east / east northeast, 1 1(e)(iii) 77–80° 1 1(e)(iv) 360 987 = 2 2 360 983 = 1

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2019

1 Study the map extract for Kristianstad, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south of the map extract. 41 42 43 44 45 46 06 06 A 05 05 B 04 04 E D C 03 03 02 02 41 42 43 44 45 46 Fig. 1.1 (a) Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the type of road B … [1] (iii) the width of the watercourse C … [1] (iv) the feature at D … [1] (v) the feature at E. … [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows three types of natural vegetation, F, G and H, in grid square 5007 in the east of the map extract. F 50 51 08 08 G 07 07 50 51 H Fig. 1.2 Complete the table to identify the types of natural vegetation F, G and H, shown in Fig. 1.2. Letter Natural vegetation F … G … H … [3] (c) (i) What is the grid reference of the centre of the triangulation point near Björkhäll in the south east of the map extract? … [1] (ii) Identify the settlement pattern in the grid square in which Björkhäll is located. … … [1] (d) Fig. 1.3 shows the location of one of the industrial areas in Kristianstad. 46 48 10 10 Key industrial area Udden 07 07 46 48 Fig. 1.3 Describe the advantages for industry of the location of this industrial area. … … … … … … … … [4] (e) Which three of the statements about Kristianstad are correct? Tick three correct statements below. Tick (3) high-rise buildings are found only in the town centre it is a village it is between 5 and 10 metres above sea level sport and leisure are important functions of the settlement the CBD is on the east side of the river Helge å there are areas of forest within the town [3] (f) Fig. 1.4 shows an area in the north west part of the map extract, divided into two parts, K and L. 40 42 10 10 L K Skepparslöv 08 08 40 42 Fig. 1.4 Give two differences between the relief of areas K and L. 1 … … 2 … … [2] (g) What is the name of the small settlement which is 1200 metres from, and on a bearing of 90° from, the small settlement Stensborg in grid square 4004? … [1] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (tractor) track, 1 1(a)(ii) public road, 1 1(a)(iii) less than 6m, 1 1(a)(iv) mast, 1 1(a)(v) farm, 1 1(b) F – deciduous forest, 3 G – marsh, H – marsh liable to flooding, 1(c)(i) 491/2 024, 1 1(c)(ii) linear / nucleated, 1 1(d) railway, 4 motorway, roads / routes in all / many directions / route centre / bridge point, water supply from sea/river, labour from town, market in town, flat land, space for expansion, cheap marshland, port/sea/river for transport, agricultural raw materials, 1(e) sport and leisure are important functions of the settlement, 3 the CBD is on the east side of the river Helge å, there are areas of forest within the town, Deduct one mark for every tick more than 3. 1(f) K higher / L lower / K high and L low / K 15 – 75m and L 5–20m (any figure 2 between), K steeper / L flatter / K steep and L gentle / flat, 1(g) Strömdalen, 1

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2019

1 Study the map extract for Hammarsjön, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some features in the north of the map extract. 46 47 48 49 50 05 05 A 04 04 B C 03 03 D E 02 02 F 01 01 46 47 48 49 50 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of land in area A … [1] (ii) the land use in area B … [1] (iii) the height above sea level of contour C … metres [1] (iv) the height above sea level at triangulation point D … metres [1] (v) feature E … [1] (vi) features F. … [1] (b) Look at the two main rivers on the map extract: River 1 the Vramsån river River 2 the Helge å river. Using the following headings, compare the features of the two rivers. (i) width … … [1] (ii) shape of the river … … [1] (iii) direction of flow … … … … [2] (c) Fig. 1.2 shows three areas of the map extract, P, Q and R. P Q R 44 45 46 45 46 47 51 52 5301 01 98 98 98 98 Solvik 00 00 97 97 97 97 Gringelstad Ripa 99 99 96 96 96 96 44 45 46 45 46 47 51 52 53 Fig. 1.2 For each of the three areas, identify the settlement pattern. area settlement pattern P … Q … R … [3] (d) Fig. 1.3 is a cross section along northing 99 from 430990 to 480990. X Y 25 25 20 20 metres above metres above 15 15 sea level sea level 10 10 5 5 0 0 430990 480990 Fig. 1.3 Identify the types of land use at X and Y on Fig. 1.3. land use X … Y … [2] (e) Look at the junction of the public roads near Hovby in the north east of the map extract and the junction of the public roads in Ripa in the south east of the map extract. (i) Measure the distance along the road between these two junctions. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Give the compass direction from the road junction near Hovby to the road junction in Ripa. … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the road junction near Hovby to the road junction in Ripa. … degrees [1] (iv) What is the six-figure grid reference of the road junction near Hovby? … [2] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) marsh liable to flooding, 1 1(a)(ii) arable, 1 1(a)(iii) 10 (metres), 1 1(a)(iv) 12 (metres), 1 1(a)(v) electricity transmission line, 1 1(a)(vi) wind generators, 1 1(b)(i) 1 narrower / 2 wider, 1 1(b)(ii) 1 more meandering / 2 more straight, 1 1(b)(iii) 1 to east / south east, 2 2 to south-south west (but allow to north-north east), 1(c) P linear, 3 Q dispersed, R nucleated, 1(d) X arable, 2 Y forest, 1(e)(i) 7300–7800 (metres), 1 1(e)(ii) SSE, 1 1(e)(iii) 154–158°, 1 1(e)(iv) 495021 = 2, 2 496022 = 1,

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2019

1 Study the map extract for Degeberga, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some features in the west of the map extract around the main settlement of Degeberga. 41 42 43 44 45 90 90 E A 89 89 Degeberga B 88 88 C 87 87 D E 86 86 41 42 43 44 45 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level at spot height D … metres [1] (v) the height above sea level of contour E. … metres [1] (b) Fig. 1.2A shows an area in the north west of the map extract and Fig. 1.2B shows an area in the south east of the map extract. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. 42 43 44 48 49 50 92 92 88 88 Råholmen 91 91 87 87 Sågverk 90 90 86 86 42 43 44 48 49 50 Fig. 1.2A Fig. 1.2B The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks in the correct five boxes. Use only one tick for each row. Area in Area in Both these Neither of Fig. 1.2A Fig. 1.2B areas these areas ✓ Example: motorway flat land steep land gentle slopes mostly forest mostly arable land [5] (c) Fig. 1.3 shows a cross section along northing 86 from 440860 to 510860. 125 125 level 100 100 level sea sea 75 75 coastline above 50 50 above 25 25metres metres 0 0 440860 510860 Fig. 1.3 (i) On Fig. 1.3, use labelled arrows and the letter shown to show the positions of: public road 19 (X) the Segesholmsån river (Y). [2] (ii) On Fig. 1.3, complete the cross section. [2] (d) Look at the coastal settlement around Nyehusen and Furuboda. Give map evidence that suggests that this is a tourist settlement. … … … … [2] (e) Find the following two triangulation points: the 22 m triangulation point south of Nyehusen the 129 m triangulation point near Norrlia, south of Degeberga. (i) Give the compass direction from the 129 m triangulation point to the 22 m triangulation point. … [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from the 129 m triangulation point to the 22 m triangulation point. … degrees [1] (iii) What is the six-figure grid reference of the 129 m triangulation point near Norrlia? … [2] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) public road, (ignore width) 1 1(a)(ii) church 1 1(a)(iii) mast 1 1(a)(iv) 33 (m) 1 1(a)(v) 100 (m) 1 1(b) 5 flat land 9 steep land 9 gentle slopes 9 mostly forest 9 mostly arable 9 land 1(c)(i) public road 28–32 mm from left hand margin, 2 river 97–101 mm from left hand margin 1(c)(ii) land continuously rising to the left hand margin, 2 highest point over 100 m but not more than 112 m 1(d) bathing, 2 leisure/second homes, camp site/camping, roads give access to sea, dunes, cycle path(s) 1(e)(i) ENE/NE 1 1(e)(ii) 63–67° 1 1(e)(iii) 438 855 = 2 2 43_85_ = (correct square) 1

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2019

2 (a) (i) Which one of the following statements describes a settlement hierarchy? Tick only one box. Statement Tick (✓) settlements in order of population size and importance linear, nucleated and dispersed settlement how a settlement has grown over time the physical factors which lead to the growth of a settlement [1] (ii) Which one of the following statements describes a service? Tick only one box. Statement Tick (✓) the site and situation of a settlement the sphere of influence of a settlement amenities provided in a settlement for the population e.g. shops a type of settlement pattern e.g. linear [1] (b) Fig. 2.1 shows settlement in a valley in northern England. N 4 0 0 300 20 0 100 0 200 10 10 0 0 0 3 400 Key 0 1 road km river or stream 100 contour (metres) house or farm building Fig. 2.1 Suggest how each of the following factors has influenced the sites and growth of settlement in the area shown in Fig. 2.1: (i) transport and accessibility … … … … [2] (ii) water supply … … [1] (iii) protection from flooding … … [1] (iv) relief. … … … … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) settlements in order of population size and importance 1 2(a)(ii) amenities provided in a settlement for the population, e.g. shops 1 2(b)(i) along/on/near road, 2 around/near/at junction/route focus/route centre 2(b)(ii) along/on/near river/stream 1 2(b)(iii) above/away from (main) river, 1 above/away from flood plain/valley floor/above the lowest land 2(b)(iv) avoids steep slope, 2 on gentle slope, (not ‘near’), avoids high(est) land/at foot of valley side, away from flood plain/flat land, on south facing/north side, on sunny slope, sheltered by hills

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2019

1 Study the map extract for Knislinge, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the west of the map extract. 38 39 40 41 42 43 25 25 A B 24 24 23 23 E C D 22 22 21 21 38 39 40 41 42 43 Fig. 1.1 (a) Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the type of land at B … [1] (iii) the type of natural vegetation at C … [1] (iv) the height of the contour D … [1] (v) feature E. … [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows the area around the town of Knislinge. 40 47 31 31 Key road Knislinge runway F Knislinge R 26 26 40 47 Fig. 1.2 (i) State the width of the road labelled F. … metres [1] (ii) Describe the general pattern of the main roads shown on Fig. 1.2. … … [1] (c) A runway to the east of Knislinge is labelled R on Fig. 1.2. Find this runway on the map extract. (i) Measure the length of the surfaced section of the runway. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Give the compass direction along the surfaced runway from the end near Sigfridssten to the other end near Bivarödsmölla. … [1] (d) Describe the features of the river between the western edge of the map extract at 380260 and its confluence with the river Helge å in grid square 4425. … … … … … … … … [4] (e) Fig. 1.3 shows the area around the town of Hanaskog. 38 42 46 27 27 24 24 Hanaskog 21 21 38 42 46 Fig. 1.3 (i) Using the map extract, describe the distribution of the arable land in the area shown on Fig. 1.3. … … … … [2] (ii) Using the map extract, state one way in which the distribution of woodland in the area shown on Fig. 1.3 differs from that of the arable land. … … [1] (f) Find the lake called Araslövssjön in the south east of the map extract. (i) Name the type of vegetation on the edges of the lake. … [1] (ii) State one way in which the lake is used. … [1] (g) Fig. 1.4 is a cross section along northing 23 from 400230 to 470230. metres metres 40 40 20 20 0 0 400230 470230 west east Fig. 1.4 On Fig. 1.4, using labelled arrows, mark the positions of: (i) a railway (R) [1] (ii) the river Kälan (K). [1] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) turning place, 1 1(a)(ii) other/open (land), 1 1(a)(iii) deciduous forest, 1 1(a)(iv) 25 m, 1 1(a)(v) (municipality) boundary, 1 1(b)(i) 5–7, 1 1(b)(ii) radial/route centre/nodal point/focus on town/branch out from town, 1 1(c)(i) 2000–2200, 1 1(c)(ii) SSE/SE, 1 1(d) at least 6 m wide, 4 flows east, braided/island/splits and re-joins, meanders, cut-off/oxbow, (4025) straightened, (3826) gentle gradient, two/few/small tributary/ies, dam, 1(e)(i) in valley(s) 2 near river(s), on low(er) land/land below 25 m (any figure below)/avoids high(er) land, on gentle(r) slopes/on flat(ter)/avoids steep(er) slopes, 1(e)(ii) steep(er) slopes, 1 high(er) land/hills/any figure between 25 m and 74 m, (more) in the west/south/less in the east/north, 1(f)(i) marsh (liable to flooding), 1 1(f)(ii) nature reserve, 1 1(g)(i) railway/R 76–80 mm from the western edge, 1 1(g)(ii) river Kälan/K 24–27 mm from the western edge, 1

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2019

2 Fig. 2.1 (Insert) shows population density in Chile in South America. Fig. 2.2 (Insert) shows some influences on population density. Use the information on Figs. 2.1 and 2.2 only to answer the following questions. (a) (i) What is the population density of region 6? … people per square kilometre [1] (ii) In which part of Chile is the region with the highest population density? Circle the correct answer below. centre east north south west [1] (iii) Explain why population density is low in region 2. … … … … … … [3] (iv) Suggest possible difficulties of living in region 8. … … … … [2] (b) State one advantage of the position of Santiago as the capital of Chile. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) 40–99.9, 1 2(a)(ii) centre, 1 2(a)(iii) desert/dry/rainfall shortage, hot, mountains/highland, (2 marks maximum) 3 steep slopes in east/mountains, cold on mountains, wet on mountains, little/less oxygen at high altitude, danger from active volcano, high evaporation rates, agriculture difficult in mountains/desert, transport/building difficult in mountains, 2(a)(iv) cold temperatures, 2 therefore farming is impossible/difficult, remote/isolated/far away, many islands so difficult transport/accessibility, 2(b) central so as close to rest of country as possible/accessible from other regions, 1 connects north and south, near the (regions with the) highest population densities,

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2019

1 Study the map extract for Aywaille, Belgium. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north west part of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 88 89 90 91 92 00 00 C B D 99 99 A 98 98 E F 97 97 96 96 88 89 90 91 92 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level at D … metres [1] (v) the land use at E … [1] (vi) the height above sea level of the contour at F. … metres [1] (b) Find the motorway that runs from the north edge of the map extract to the south edge of the map extract. (i) Measure the distance along the motorway from the north edge of the map to the south edge of the map. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Measure the compass bearing from the point where the motorway meets the north edge of the map to the point where the motorway meets the south edge of the map. … degrees [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 shows an area in the north east of the map at Hestroumont. Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the south east of the map at Haute Desnié. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. 98 00 98 00 00 00 94 94 Haute Desnié Hestroumont 98 98 92 92 98 00 98 00 Fig. 1.2 Fig. 1.3 The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks in the correct five boxes. Use only one tick for each row. Area in Area in Both of Neither of Fig. 1.2 at Fig. 1.3 at these areas these areas Hestroumont Haute Desnié secondary road trees or woodland linear settlement flat land land over 400 m above sea level [5] (d) Look at the railway in the south west of the map extract. Describe the route of the railway. … … … … … … [3] (e) Fig. 1.4 is a cross section along easting 94 from 940960 in the north to 940920 in the south. The cross section runs through the settlement at Nonceveux. Nonceveux Z 400 400 X Y 300 300 metres above metres above sea level 200 200 sea level 100 100 0 0 940960 940920 (north) (south) Fig. 1.4 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) Identify the feature at Z. … [1] (iv) The cross section shown in Fig. 1.4 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line in Fig. 1.4 to complete the cross section. [1] [Total: 20] TURN PAGE FOR QUESTION 2

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) main (road), 1 1(a)(ii) church, 1 1(a)(iii) outstanding tree, 1 1(a)(iv) 306 metres, 1 1(a)(v) conifers/coniferous woodland, 1 1(a)(vi) 250 metres, 1 1(b)(i) 9200–9700 (metres) 1 1(b)(ii) 159–163 (degrees) 1 1(c) 5 Area in Area in Both these Neither of Fig. 1.2 Fig. 1.3 areas these areas secondary road  trees or woodland  linear settlement  flat land  land over 400 m  above sea level 1(d) winding/curved/bends, 3 follows valley, crosses river at Chat de Montjardin/Remouchamps/9295, follows river/road/N633, keeps level/gentle/flat, links settlements/any two of Aywaille – Remouchamps - Nonceveux, tunnel, W to E (then N to S)/NW to SE, foot of valley side, avoids flood plain, avoids steep slope, 1(e)(i) road/N697, 1 1(e)(ii) railway, 1 1(e)(iii) (telecommunications) mast/tower, 1 1(e)(iv) land falling to the north, 1

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2020

5 The United Nations publishes the HDI which measures inequality between countries. (a) What do the letters HDI stand for? H … D … I … [1] (b) Table 5.1 shows the HDI and inequality differences between three countries. Table 5.1 Australia Bolivia Niger HDI 0.94 (high) 0.67 (medium) 0.35 (low) Death rate per 1000 7.3 6.4 11.8 Infant mortality per 1000 births 4.3 35.3 81.1 Birth rate per 1000 12.1 22.0 44.2 GDP per capita (US$) 48 700 7200 1100 Life expectancy at birth 82.3 69.5 55.9 (i) Which type of graph would be most suitable to show the HDI data shown in Table 5.1? … [1] (ii) How much longer is a person in Australia expected to live compared with a person in Niger? … [1] (iii) Suggest what is unusual about the death rate in Bolivia. … … [1] (iv) Which feature shown in Table 5.1 measures the standard of living or wealth of the people? … [1] (c) Residential areas often show inequality in living standards. Figs. 5.1 and 5.2 (Insert) show residential areas in Africa. Describe the differences seen in the photographs which show inequality in living standards. … … … … … … … … … … [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 5(a) Human Development Index, 1 5(b)(i) bar graph, 1 5(b)(ii) 26/26.4 (years) 1 5(b)(iii) low/lower than expected/lower than Australia, 1 5(b)(iv) GDP per capita, 1 5(c) low density v high density, 3 gardens v no gardens/greenery v no greenery, good condition v poor condition, (allow state of repair/quality)/well built v poorly built/good materials v poor materials/good paintwork v poor paintwork, etc. windows v few windows, space for cars v no/little space for cars, pool v no pool, wide roads v narrow/roads v no roads, garages v no garages, solar panels v no solar panels.

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2020

1 Study the map extract for Stoumont, Belgium. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around the main settlement at Stoumont. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 98 99 00 01 02 90 90 A B 89 89 X 88 88 G F STOUMONT 87 87 D E C Y 86 86 98 99 00 01 02 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the land use at B … [1] (iii) the height above sea level of the contour at C … metres [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) feature E … [1] (vi) feature F. … [1] (b) What is the six-figure grid reference of the junction at point G in Fig. 1.1? … [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section from point X to point Y in Fig. 1.1. N633 road 400 400 300 300 above level seametres 200 200 metressea 100 100 levelabove 0 0 X Y 000880 020860 Fig. 1.2 (i) The cross section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross section. [2] (ii) In Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the L’Amblève river. [1] (d) Find the N645 road that runs from near the settlement of Chevron in the south west of the map extract to the bridge over the L’Amblève river. (i) What is the distance along the road from the south edge of the map to the bridge over the L’Amblève river? Tick (3) one box below. Tick (3) 3780 metres 4780 metres 5500 metres 7780 metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the point where the road meets the south edge of the map to the bridge over the L’Amblève river? … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the point where the road meets the south edge of the map to the bridge over the L’Amblève river. … degrees [1] (iv) Describe the route of the N645 road. … … … … … … … [3] (e) Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the north east of the map extract. 02 03 04 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 02 03 04 Fig. 1.3 Which three of the following statements describe the relief of the area shown in Fig. 1.3? Tick (3) only three boxes below. Tick (3) The highest point is over 550 m. It is an area of gentle slopes. It is lowest in the north. The lowest land is below 200 m. It is an area of deeply cut relief. There is a river flood plain. There is a plateau in the south. The slopes face north. There is a V-shaped valley. It is a mountainous area. [3] (f) Look at the main settlement on the map extract at Stoumont. Give one reason for the growth of the settlement. … … [1] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (secondary) road, (allow spot height) 1 1(a)(ii) (mixed) woodland, 1 1(a)(iii) 250 metres, 1 1(a)(iv) railway, 1 1(a)(v) tunnel, 1 1(a)(vi) church, 1 1(b) 994879, 1 1(c)(i) flat valley floor, 2 (just above) 200 m, 1(c)(ii) correct position of river, 1 1(d)(i) 7780 m, 1 1(d)(ii) north east, 1 1(d)(iii) 33–37° 1 1(d)(iv) winding, 3 follows valley, keeps low, keeps level, crosses river, 1(e) the highest point is over 550 m, 3 it is an area of deeply cut relief, there is a V-shaped valley, Deduct one mark for every tick more than three. 1(f) road junction, 1 (more) gentle slope, services/two named services, dry point site, woodland for fuel,

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2020

1 Study the map extract for Hamoir, Belgium. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around the settlement at Ouffet in the north west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 74 75 76 77 92 92 B 91 91 E C 90 90 OUFFET A D 89 89 74 75 76 77 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the height above sea level of the contour at B … metres [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the land use at D … [1] (v) feature E. … [1] (b) Describe the pattern of main and secondary roads in the area shown on Fig. 1.1. … … [1] (c) Look at the part of the N66 road that runs from the bridge over the river at Hamoir to the east edge of the map extract. (i) What is the distance along the road from the bridge over the river at Hamoir to the east edge of the map extract? Tick one box below. Tick (✓) 6500 metres 7500 metres 8500 metres 9500 metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the bridge over the river at Hamoir to where the N66 road meets the east edge of the map extract? … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the bridge over the river at Hamoir to where the N66 road meets the east edge of the map extract. … degrees [1] (iv) Give the six-figure grid reference of the bridge over the river at Hamoir. … [1] (d) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 90 from 770900 to 830900. 300 N66 linking road 300 200 200 metres metres above sea above sea level level 100 100 0 0 770900 830900 Fig. 1.2 (i) On Fig. 1.2, use labelled arrows to show the position of: • the main river • the Chat. de Renal (shown by a symbol for a castle) [2] (ii) The cross section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross section. [1] (e) Which three of the following statements describe the main river on the map extract? Tick only three boxes below. Tick (✓) Its valley has gentle sides. It is meandering. It has no tributaries. It is always to the east of the railway. It has a flood plain of varying width. There is no settlement on its banks. It is a braided river. It flows from east to west. It is about 50 m wide. It is about 150 m wide. [3] (f) Look at the settlement at Hamoir. Describe the site and give reasons for the growth of the settlement. … … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (secondary) road, 1 1(a)(ii) 250 metres, 1 1(a)(iii) church, 1 1(a)(iv) deciduous trees, 1 1(a)(v) high voltage line, 1 1(b) radial/meet in centre/meet in Ouffet, 1 main road E–W and secondary road SSW–NNE, 1(c)(i) 8500 m, 1 1(c)(ii) east-south east, 1 1(c)(iii) 109–113, 1 1(c)(iv) 801890, 1 1(d)(i) correct position of river, 2 correct position of Chat. De Renal, 1(d)(ii) section continuing to rise but not reaching 300m, 1 1(e) it is meandering, 3 it has a flood plain of varying width, it is 50–100 m wide, 1(f) on valley floor, ) 4 on valley side, ) in valley alone = 1 west side/east facing, road junction, bridge point, railway, services/2 named services, river for water, woodland for fuel,

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2020

3 (a) Fig. 3.1 shows the spheres of influence of four services located in town A and the sphere of influence of one service in town B. N A B 0 20 km Key spheres of influence hospital local shop school supermarket in town A supermarket in town B town Fig. 3.1 (i) Explain why the four services in town A have different sized spheres of influence. … … … [1] (ii) Put the four services in town A in order to show the hierarchy of services. highest … … … lowest … [1] (iii) The sphere of influence of the supermarket in town A overlaps with the sphere of influence of the supermarket in town B. Suggest reasons for this. … … … … [2] (b) Fig. 3.2 shows the sphere of influence of the supermarket in town A. N A 0 20 B km Key sphere of influence of supermarket road upland area town Fig. 3.2 Using Fig. 3.2, explain the shape of the sphere of influence of the supermarket. … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a)(i) different threshold populations, 1 different frequency of purchase, 3(a)(ii) hospital 1 supermarket school local shop, 3(a)(iii) some people inefficient/don’t go to nearest supermarket, 2 people may prefer different goods from different supermarkets, other reasons for going to towns, 3(b) extends along road, 4 quicker/easier transport to town, upland sparsely populated, fewer services, bigger area needed for threshold population, influence of other settlement/supermarket (to south west),

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2020

1 Study the map extract for Esneux, Belgium. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 02 02 NEUPRÉ A A 01 01 B B 00 00 E F 99 99 D C 98 98 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the height above sea level of the geodetic (trigonometric) point at E … metres [1] (vi) the height above sea level of the contour at F … metres [1] (b) Find the small settlements at Tavier and Hody in the south west of the map extract. Both settlements have a church. (i) What is the straight-line distance from the church at Tavier to the church at Hody? Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the church at Tavier to the church at Hody? … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the church at Tavier to the church at Hody. … degrees [1] (iv) Give the six-figure grid reference of the church at Tavier. … [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 00 from 810000 to 860000. 400 400 river 300 300 height height (metres) (metres) 200 200 100 100 0 0 810000 860000 Fig. 1.2 (i) In Fig. 1.2, use labelled arrows to show the position of: • the N633 road • the railway [2] (ii) The cross section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line in Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross section. [1] (d) Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the south of the map extract. 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 96 96 ANTHISNES 95 95 94 94 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Fig. 1.3 Which three of the following statements describe the relief and drainage of the area shown in Fig. 1.3? Tick only three boxes below. Tick (3) It is an area of steep and gently sloping relief It is a mountainous area It is flat land The highest point is 250 m The area is all steeply sloping There is a flood plain The land is below 300 m There are few rivers There is a large river There is swamp or marsh [3] (e) Find the settlement of Douxflamme in the south east of the map extract. Describe the site and reasons for the growth of the settlement. … … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (secondary) road, 1 1(a)(ii) high voltage line, 1 1(a)(iii) water tower, 1 1(a)(iv) castle, 1 1(a)(v) 258 (m), 1 1(a)(vi) 200 (m), 1 1(b)(i) 2300–2400 m, 1 1(b)(ii) south east/east-south east, 1 1(b)(iii) 111–113° 1 1(b)(iv) 752/3967, 1 1(c)(i) correct position of N633 road, 2 correct position of railway, 1(c)(ii) land rising to a summit below 250 m, 1 1(d) it is an area of steep and gently sloping relief, 3 the land is below 300 m, there are few rivers, 1(e) on valley floor, ) 4 on valley side, ) in valley alone = 1 junction of valleys, accessibility (dev.), road junction, bridge point, railway, water from river, woodland for fuel,

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2020

1 Study the map extract for Misterbianco, Italy. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around the main settlement at Misterbianco in the north east of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 98 99 00 01 02 54 54 A MisterbiancoMisterbianco 53 53 D E 52 52 C B 51 51 98 99 00 01 02 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) the type of road at B … [1] (iii) the height above sea level of the spot height at C … metres [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) feature E. … [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows two areas, A and B, in the south west of the map extract. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. 4894 9648 Fatt a Tenerelli B 46 46 A Mass a Maddalena 44 92 94 Fig. 1.2 The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks in the correct six boxes. Use only one tick (3) for each row. Both these Neither of Feature Area A Area B areas these areas river flowing from south to north meandering river river flowing from north to south either flat or gently sloping steep slopes plateau [6] (c) Fig. 1.3 is a cross section through the settlement of Motta S. Anastasia, along northing 52, from 940520 to 000520. X Y 300 300 250 250 height height (metres) (metres) 200 200 150 150 0 940520 000520 Fig. 1.3 (i) Identify the feature X. … [1] (ii) Name the river at Y. … [1] (iii) In Fig. 1.3, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the settlement of Motta S. Anastasia. [1] (d) A railway in the southern part of the map extract is shown by a thin black line. Find where the railway crosses a wide river near Staz.di Motta S. Anastasia. (i) What is the distance along the railway, from where it crosses the wide river, to the eastern edge of the map? Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from where the railway crosses the wide river, to where the railway meets the eastern edge of the map? … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from where the railway crosses the wide river, to where the railway meets the eastern edge of the map. … degrees [1] (iv) Give the six-figure grid reference of the point where the railway crosses the wide river. … [1] (e) Fig. 1.4 shows two areas, area P in the north west of the map extract and area Q in the north east of the map extract just south of Misterbianco. Area P Area Q 92 94 00 02 54 54 52 52 SIELI C. Spina Santa DEI LA RT P.gio Cardillo C. Sant’Agata 52 52 50 50 92 94 00 02 Fig. 1.4 Identify: (i) the settlement pattern in area P … [1] (ii) the stream pattern in area Q. … [1] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) national main, 1 1(a)(ii) motorway, 1 1(a)(iii) 270 (metres), 1 1(a)(iv) (railway) station, 1 1(a)(v) cemetery, 1 1(b) 6 Both Neither Area A Area B these of these areas areas river flowing from south to  north meandering river  river flowing from north to  south either flat or gently sloping  steep slopes  plateau  1(c)(i) (other) road, 1 1(c)(ii) (V. ne) dei Sieli, 1 1(c)(iii) position of Motta S. Anastasia shown with an arrow between 54 mm and 1 69 mm from the left hand margin, 1(d)(i) 7700–8100 (metres), 1 1(d)(ii) east, 1 1(d)(iii) 91–94°, 1 1(d)(iv) 945/6 458/9, 1 1(e)(i) dispersed, 1 1(e)(ii) dendritic, 1

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2020

2 Fig. 2.1 shows the settlement hierarchy in South Holland, an area in the United Kingdom. N DoningtonDonington SpaldingSpalding Holbeach SuttonSutton Long BridgeBridge Sutton Key main road CrowlandCrowland railway 0 8 km 1st order 2nd order settlement hierarchy 3rd order 4th order Fig. 2.1 (a) (i) Using evidence from Fig. 2.1, suggest why Spalding has become the main town in South Holland. … … … … [2] (ii) Using Fig. 2.1, compare the main road links of the second and third order settlements. … … … … [2] (b) In Fig. 2.1, draw the possible sphere of influence of Long Sutton, a second order settlement. [1] (c) The distribution of settlements in Fig. 2.1 is not even. Suggest one possible reason for this. … … [1] (d) Fig. 2.2 shows the relationship between settlement order and number of settlements in South Holland. 30 20 number of settlements 10 4 3 2 1 low high settlement order Fig. 2.2 (i) Using information from Fig. 2.1, plot the number of third order settlements in Fig. 2.2. [1] (ii) Describe the relationship between settlement order and number of settlements in South Holland shown in Fig. 2.2. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) (close to) road junction, 2 railway, (fairly) central, on main road, 2(a)(ii) second order all close to roads, 2 some/a few third order on roads but not all/some not on roads, 2(b) sphere to include at least two nearby settlements but not Holbeach or 1 Sutton Bridge, 2(c) Differences in: (could be implied) 1 relief, drainage, agriculture, mineral wealth, industrial development, 2(d)(i) 11 third order settlements plotted correctly, 1 2(d)(ii) negative relationship/inversely proportional/more lower order/fewer higher 1 order,

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2020

1 Study the map extract for Biancavilla, Italy. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around the settlement at S. Maria di Licodia in the south east of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 64 64 S. Maria di Licodia B C 63 63 E D A 62 62 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the name of river A … [1] (ii) the height above sea level of the spot height at B … metres [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) feature E. … [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows two areas, P in the south west of the map extract and Q, in the north east of the map extract. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. Area P Area Q 82 84 92 94 64 64 70 70 S. B O N AC I A M R B A R A 62 62 68 68 82 84 92 94 Fig. 1.2 The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks in the correct four boxes. Use only one tick (3) for each row. Both these Neither of Feature Area P Area Q areas these areas a railway dispersed settlement dense settlement land over 900 m above sea level [4] (c) Fig. 1.3 is a cross section through the settlement of Biancavilla, from 840630 in the south west to 890670 in the north east. 600 600 Y 500 500 X 400 400 height height 300 300 (metres) (metres) 200 200 100 100 0 0 840630 890670 south west north east Fig. 1.3 (i) Identify feature X. … [1] (ii) Identify feature Y. … [1] (iii) In Fig. 1.3, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the settlement of Biancavilla. [1] (d) Find the junction of national main road 121 with another national main road in the west of the map extract. (i) What is the distance along the road, from this junction, to the south edge of the map extract? … metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the road junction, to where the road meets the south edge of the map? … [1] (iii) Measure the compass bearing from the road junction, to where the road meets the south edge of the map. … degrees [1] (iv) What is the six-figure grid reference of the road junction? Tick (3) one box below. Tick (3) 822674 676876 824677 674823 827683 [1] (e) Describe the natural features of the Fiume Simeto river in the west of the map extract. … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (V. ne di) Licodia, 1 1(a)(ii) 317 (metres), 1 1(a)(iii) church, 1 1(a)(iv) cemetery, 1 1(a)(v) (national main) road, 1 1(b) 4 Area P Area Q Both these Neither of areas these areas a railway  dispersed  settlement dense settlement  land over 900 m  1(c)(i) river/Fiume Simeto, 1 1(c)(ii) (national main) road, 1 1(c)(iii) position of Biancavilla shown with an arrow between 13 mm and 30 mm from the right hand margin. Allow with an unlabelled arrow. 1 1(d)(i) 7500 – 7850 metres, 1 1(d)(ii) south east, 1 1(d)(iii) 137 – 142°, 1 1(d)(iv) 822674, 1 1(e) flows south/south south-east, (south east = 0, but allow east then south) 4 meandering/bends/curves, etc., tributary(ies)/confluence(s), variable width/lake, islands/braiding/eyots/splits and rejoins, width 50 – 100 m, gentle gradient,

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2020

1 Study the map extract for Taormina, Italy. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around the settlement at Calatabiano in the south west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 19 20 21 22 88 88 E B 87 87 C A Calatabiano 86 86 A D 85 85 B 84 84 19 20 21 22 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the name of river E … [1] (b) Using the map key, identify one tourist activity available within 2 km of the main settlement of Taormina. … [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 90, through the settlement of Gaggi, from 180900 to 220900. X 400 400 300 300 metres above metres above sea level sea level 200 200 100 100 0 0 180900 220900 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify feature X. … [1] (ii) In Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the settlement of Gaggi. [1] (iii) The cross section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line in Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross section. [1] (d) Find Capo Taormina, on the coast near the settlement of Taormina. (i) What is the distance along the coastline from the end of Capo Taormina to the south edge of the map? Tick one box below. Tick (✓) 5500 metres 6500 metres 7500 metres 8500 metres 9500 metres [1] (ii) What is the compass bearing from the end of Capo Taormina, to the coastline at the south edge of the map? Tick one box below. Tick (✓) 38° 41° 44° 221° 225° [1] (e) Fig. 1.3 shows two areas, P in the south of the map extract and Q in the north east of the map extract. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. Area P Area Q 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 88 88 96 96 87 87 95 95 Gallodoro Capo Schisò 86 86 94 94 85 85 93 93 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 Fig. 1.3 The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks in the correct four boxes. Use only one tick (✓) for each row. Area P Area Q Both these Neither of areas these areas flat land land over 500 m a national main road plateau a mountain bike route [5] (f) Fig. 1.4 shows an area in the north west of the map extract. 18 19 20 21 96 96 95 95 94 94 Graniti 93 93 92 92 18 19 20 21 Fig. 1.4 Describe the relief of this area. … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) motorway, 1 1(a)(ii) railway, 1 1(a)(iii) funicular, 1 1(a)(iv) lava (flow), 1 1(a)(v) (T. S.) Venera, 1 1(b) nature reserve, 1 dive sites/diving, climbing, hang-gliding/paragliding, mountain biking, 1(c)(i) railway, 1 1(c)(ii) position of Gaggi shown with an arrow between 25 mm and 35 mm from the 1 left hand margin, 1(c)(iii) section completed with land rising in the east but not dropping below 200 m, 1 1(d)(i) 8500 metres, 1 1(d)(ii) 221° 1 1(e) 5 Neither of Both these Area P Area Q these areas areas flat land  land over 500 m  a national main road  plateau  a mountain bike route  1(f) high/hills/hilly/mountain, 4 valley, V shaped, narrow (valley), ridge/spur, 888 m/886 m/over 800 m/900 m, steep slopes, tributaries/dissected, lowest 150–200 m, higher in N/NW/NE/lower in S,

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2020

1 Study the map extract for Fortuniès, France. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around the settlement of Collanges in the south of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 85 86 87 88 89 03 03 B A E 02 02 D 01 01 C 00 00 85 86 87 88 89 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the name of river B … [1] (iii) land use at C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the height above sea level of the spot height at E. … metres [1] (b) A person travels on the footpath from the north of the river outside Collanges (863013) to the junction with the footpath south east of les Ginestes (855022). (i) In which overall compass direction does the person travel? … [1] (ii) What distance does the person travel along the footpath? … metres [1] (iii) How many metres does the person climb? Circle one correct answer below. 802 m 902 m 102 m 112 m [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 shows the location of two grid squares in the east of the map extract. These are square 8802 at Lac de Sauvages and square 8902 at Peyre del Cayre. Study the two areas and answer the question below. 88 89 90 03 03 Lac de Sauvages Peyre del Cayre 02 02 88 89 90 Fig. 1.2 The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks (3) in the correct five boxes. Use only one tick for each row. square 8802 square 8902 at neither of these at Lac de both these areas Peyre del Cayre areas Sauvages parking steep slopes area liable to flooding land over 1200 m above sea level church [5] (d) Fig. 1.3 is a cross-section along northing 025 from 860025 to 890025, passing through the village of Sauvages. A B 1300 1300 metres metres above above 1200 1200sea level sea level 1100 1100 1000 1000 900 900 860025 890025 Fig. 1.3 (i) Identify the feature at A. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at B. … [1] (iii) The cross-section shown on Fig. 1.3 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.3 to complete the cross-section. [1] (e) Find the settlement of Dienne in the south west of the map extract. Using the map extract, describe the site and give reasons for the growth of the settlement. … … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) main road, 1 1(a)(ii) Santoire, 1 1(a)(iii) coniferous woodland, 1 1(a)(iv) leisure area, 1 1(a)(v) 1150 (metres), 1 1(b)(i) north west, 1 1(b)(ii) 1350–1650 (metres), 1 1(b)(iii) 102 (metres) 1 1(c) 5 Both Neither Square Square these of these 8802 8902 areas areas parking  steep slopes  area liable to  flooding land over 1200 m  church  1(d)(i) (main) road/D3, 1 1(d)(ii) Lac de Sauvages/lake/body of water, 1 1(d)(iii) rising to above 1200 m then falling, 1 1(e) low/in valley, 4 gentle/flat qualified, above lowest land/flooding, road junction, bridge point, river for water supply/transport, skiing, footpath for tourism/monument for tourism, woodland for fuel/construction, refuge hut/overnight stop/gite,

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2021

1 Study the map extract for Laveissière, France. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north east of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 85 86 87 88 89 00 00 le Peyrac Sagne de Breuil 99 99 A D 98 98 B C 97 97 85 86 87 88 89 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) type of area at B … [1] (iii) land use at C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the spot height at D. … metres [1] (b) A person travels along the road from the northern edge of the map to the junction with the D139 at la Chevade. (i) How far do they travel? Circle your answer in the list below. 3250 m 3850 m 4150 m 4750 m [1] (ii) In which compass direction does the person travel? … [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a north to south cross-section along easting 860 from 860980 to 860950. North South Road N122 A 1300 1300 level level 1200 1200 sea sea above 1100 1100 above 1000 1000 metres metres 900 900 860980 860950 Fig. 1.2 (i) Name the feature at A. … [1] (ii) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show a position of the D139 road. [1] (iii) The cross-section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [2] (d) Fig. 1.3 is an area in the north of the map extract. 83 84 85 86 99 99 Le Pré Soubro 98 98 83 84 85 86 Fig. 1.3 Which three of the following statements describe the relief and drainage of the area shown on Fig. 1.3? Tick (3) only three boxes below. Tick (3) it is flat land it has south-facing slopes there are many rivers it is a mountainous area it has gentle slopes highest point is above 1400 metres there is a large lake there are seasonal rivers [3] (e) Laveissière is a settlement in the south of the map extract. (i) Describe the site of the settlement of Laveissière. … … … … … … … … [4] (ii) Identify the services provided for tourists in the settlement of Laveissière. … … … … … … [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer ` 1(a) (main) road/D3, 1 1(a)(ii) liable to flood, 1 1(a)(iii) brushwood, 1 1(a)(iv) 1246 (metres), (allow 1248) 1 1(b) 3850 metres, 1 1(b)(ii) south east, 1 1(c)(i) river/stream/canal, 1 1(c)(ii) one correctly located position of road either 29–31 mm or 42–44 mm from 1 right hand margin, 1(c)(iii) rise–fall–rise from north, 2 summit plotted between 8 mm and 16 mm from left hand margin, 1(d) highest point is above 1400 m, 3 it is a mountainous area, there are seasonal rivers, 1(e)(i) in valley, 4 near river/lake/canal/body of water, slightly higher than river, along (D139) road, gentle slope/avoids steep/ flat qualified, sheltered, 900–1000 m, 1(e)(ii) parking, 3 leisure area, tennis, campsite, swimming pool, footpath(s),

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2021

1 Study the map extract for Carnac, France. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features near Cité du Runell in the north of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 94 95 72 72 A C B C D 71 71 94 95 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) the leisure activity at B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) the land use at D. … [1] (b) The central point of the main settlement at Carnac is at 940700. Identify three services provided for tourists within 1 km of the centre of Carnac. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (c) Fig. 1.2 shows an area in the south west of the map at St-Colomban. Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the north east of the map near Kermario. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. 92 93 95 96 69 69 72 72 St-Colomban Kermario 68 68 71 71 92 93 95 96 Fig. 1.2 Fig. 1.3 The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks (✓) in the correct four boxes. Use only one tick for each row. area in Fig. 1.2 area in Fig. 1.3 both these neither of feature at St-Colomban near Kermario areas these areas a dam land over 25 m above sea level a bathing place a railway [4] (d) Look at the part of the straight D781 road that runs between the settlements at Plouharnel and Carnac. (i) What is the distance along the straight part of the road? Tick (✓) one box below. tick (✓) 287 metres 387 metres 2875 metres 3875 metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction along the road from Plouharnel to Carnac? … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing along the road from Plouharnel to Carnac. … degrees [1] (iv) Find the roundabout (circle) part way along the road at Kergouillard. Give the six-figure grid reference of this roundabout (circle). … [1] (e) Describe the natural features of the coast shown on the map. … … … … … … … … … … [5] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) regional/main/D/D119, 1 1(a)(ii) tennis, 1 1(a)(iii) mixed forest, 1 1(a)(iv) open forest, 1 1(b) campsite, 3 museum/musée, tourist information centre, seaside resort, casino, hiking trail, notable monument/(diverse) place of interest, sports ground, 1(c) 4 Area in Area in Both Neither Fig. 1.2 at Fig. 1.3 these of these St- near areas areas Colomban Kermario a dam  land over 25 m above sea  level a bathing place  a railway  1(d)(i) 2875 metres, 1 1(d)(ii) SE/ESE, 1 1(d)(iii) 123–126°, 1 1(d)(iv) 932704/5, 1 1(e) bay/cove, 5 headland/point/promontory/peninsula/cape, spit, estuary/inlet/creek, beach/sand/mud, tidal mud flats, flat rock, lake/lagoon, island, intermittent water course, marsh, forest, tombolo,

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2021

3 Table 3.1 shows the settlement hierarchy in County Tipperary, Ireland. Table 3.1 type of settlement number of settlements position in hierarchy regional town (RT) 1 high sub-regional town (SRT) 2 district town (DT) 6 service centre (SC) 35 local service centre (LSC) 26 small settlement (SS) 58 low (a) (i) Using information from Table 3.1, plot the number of district towns in Fig. 3.1 below. 60 50 40 number of 30 settlements 20 10 0 SS LSC SC DT SRT RT low high position in settlement hierarchy Fig. 3.1 [1] (ii) Describe the relationship between position in the settlement hierarchy and number of settlements as shown in Table 3.1 and Fig. 3.1. … … [1] (iii) What is unusual about the number of local service centres (LSCs) in Fig. 3.1? … … [1] (b) Fig. 3.2 shows the locations of settlements highest in the settlement hierarchy in County Tipperary. N Key regional town sub-regional town district town main road Roscrea county boundary Nenagh Templemore Thurles Cashel Tipperary Cahir Clonmel Carrick 0 20 km Fig. 3.2 Describe the distribution of settlements shown in Fig. 3.2. … … … … [2] (c) (i) Using evidence from Fig. 3.2, suggest why Templemore has not grown into a larger settlement. … … [1] (ii) Using evidence from Fig. 3.2, suggest why Cahir has grown into an important settlement. … … [1] (iii) Using evidence from Fig. 3.2, suggest a disadvantage of the location of Clonmel as the regional town (highest in the settlement hierarchy) of County Tipperary. … … [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a)(i) correct plot of 6 district towns, (should be above DT label) 1 3(a)(ii) negative/inverse relationship, 1 lower number higher in hierarchy, higher number lower in hierarchy, 3(a)(iii) lower than expected/lower than the number of service centres (SCs), 1 3(b) even distribution/spread out/well-spaced, 2 more in south, along roads, close to boundaries, Each of the above points should refer to more than one settlement. 3(c)(i) no road/transport route, 1 isolated/remote, 3(c)(ii) road junction/route centre/nodal point/intersection, 1 radial roads/several roads coming in/roads from all sides, 3(c)(iii) isolated from rest of county, 1 Allow various expressions, e.g. at one end of county, on border, not in centre,

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2021

1 Study the map extract for Bois de Grandval, France. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around the Puy de la Belle-Viste. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 83 84 85 86 88 88 D C 87 87 E B 86 86 A 85 85 83 84 85 86 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the name of river D … [1] (v) the height above sea level at the triangulation station (trigonometric point) at E. … metres [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 875 from 810875 to 840875. X 1700 1700 1600 1600 metres metres 1500 1500above above sea sea 1400 1400 level level 1300 1300 1200 1200 810875 840875 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the features at X. … [1] (ii) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of Puy Gerbel. [1] (iii) The cross-section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [2] (c) Describe the distribution of the woodland across the area of the map extract. … … … … … … … [4] (d) Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the south east of the map extract. 82 83 84 85 86 85 85 la Griffoul le Bourguet Lustrande 84 84 83 83 82 83 84 85 86 Fig. 1.3 (i) Give the six-figure grid reference of the cemetery which lies between Lustrande and le Bourguet. [1] (ii) How many bridges does the D39 road cross from the cemetery which lies between Lustrande and le Bourguet and the village of la Griffoul? [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the cemetery which lies between Lustrande and le Bourguet and the spot height of 1229 metres above sea level at la Griffoul. …………………. degrees [1] (iv) Describe and explain the route of the D39 road between Lustrande and la Griffoul. … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20] TURN PAGE FOR QUESTION 2

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) road/D39, 1 1(a)(ii) hang-gliding area, 1 1(a)(iii) rock escarpment, 1 1(a)(iv) l’Epie, 1 1(a)(v) 1543 (metres), 1 1(b)(i) cart track (allow footpath), 1 1(b)(ii) Puy Gerbel 66–72 mm from left hand margin, 1 1(b)(iii) valley, 2 starting below 1500 m and above 1400 m in west, 1(c) in all areas/3 named compass directions, 4 less in E/NE/more in W, more/large area in centre, on steep slopes, on valley sides, not on valley floors, none on (some) summits, 1(d)(i) 826/7842, 1 1(d)(ii) 3/4, 1 1(d)(iii) 80–86°, 1 1(d)(iv) overall E/ENE/W/WSW direction, 4 goes NW then SE (ESE) then NNE (N or NE), keeps as level as possible/across slope/parallel to slope/around mountain/around valley, hairpin bends/sharp bends, 900 m (approx) – 1229 m/change 300 m (approx), crosses two valleys, EXAMINER: PLEASE USE TICKS FOR THIS PART OF THE QUESTION

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2021

1 Study the map extract for Pluneret, France. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 00 01 02 EE 81 81 AA CC FF DD 80 80 BB 7900 01 0279 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the type of road at B … [1] (iii) the height above sea level of the contour at C … metres [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the land use at E. … [1] (b) Give the six-figure grid reference of the traffic roundabout (circle) at F, shown in Fig. 1.1. … [1] (c) Identify two services provided for tourists within 1 km of the centre of Ste-Anne-d’Auray. 1 … 2 … [2] (d) Look at the part of the D19 road that runs from the north edge of the map extract to the junction with the D102 road at Ste-Anne-d’Auray (032834). (i) What is the distance along this section of road? Tick (3) one box below. tick (3) 2250 metres 2450 metres 2650 metres 2850 metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the point where the D19 road meets the north edge of the map to the junction with the D102 road at Ste-Anne-d’Auray? … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the point where the D19 road meets the north edge of the map to the junction with the D102 road at Ste-Anne-d’Auray. … degrees [1] (e) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 82 from 000820 to 020820. X Y 50 50 40 40 metres above metres above 30 30 sea level sea level 20 20 10 10 0 0 000820 020820 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross-section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [1] (f) Look at the main river which crosses the map extract and passes through the town of Pluneret. Describe the physical (natural) features of the river and its valley. Do not refer to land use beside the river. River … … … … … … … … … Valley … … … … … … [6] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) railway, 1 1(a)(ii) regional/D road/D765, 1 1(a)(iii) 25 (metres), 1 1(a)(iv) hospital, 1 1(a)(v) moor, 1 1(b) 004802, 1 1(c) tourist information centre, 2 campsite, place of interest, hiking route, (notable) monument, 1(d)(i) 2 650 metres, 1 1(d)(ii) south east, 1 1(d)(iii) 127–130 °C, 1 1(e)(i) road/secondary road, 1 1(e) (ii) river/boundary/Le Loch, 1 1(e) (iii) land rising to between 25 and 40 m, 1 1(f) River 6 flows south/from north, variable width, meanders, tributaries/confluence, island, tidal/mud flats, lake, Valley steep (sides), narrow(er) in north/upper course/wide(r) in centre/middle course, flat (floor)/flood plain, winding, spurs, V shaped, Reserve 1 mark for each part. Allow points for each part anywhere in the answer.

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2021

1 Study the map extract for St-Paul-de-Salers, France. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around the settlement of St-Paul-de-Salers in the west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 61 62 63 64 65 99 99 St-Paul-de- Salers 98 98 D A 97 97 B C E 96 96 61 62 63 64 65 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) features at B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the hazard at D … [1] (v) the height above sea level of the triangulation station (trigonometric point) at E. … metres [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along easting 65 from 650010 to 650980. North South 1300 1300 level 1200 1200 level sea sea 1100 1100 above above 1000 1000 900 900metres metres 800 800 650010 650980 Fig. 1.2 (i) On Fig. 1.2, use labelled arrows to show the position of: • the D680 road • the river Maronne. [2] (ii) The cross-section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [2] (c) Fig. 1.3 shows two areas, A and B, in the central part of the map extract. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. 65 66 98 98 A 97 97 B Malrieu 96 96 65 66 Fig. 1.3 The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks in the correct five boxes. Use only one tick (3) for each row. both of neither of feature area A area B these areas these areas river flowing from south to north steep slopes land above 1300 metres plateau south-facing slopes [5] (d) Look at the D37 road in the eastern area of the map that runs from the road junction in Col de Néronne (6700) to the refuge hut in Récusset (6898). (i) What is the distance along the road from the cross roads in Col de Néronne to the refuge hut in Récusset? … metres [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from the cross roads in Col de Néronne to the refuge hut in Récusset. … degrees [1] (e) Look at the settlement at St-Paul-de-Salers (6198 and 6298) in the west of the map extract. Describe the site and suggest reasons for the growth of the settlement. … … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) church, 1 1(a)(ii) place of interest, 1 1(a)(iii) road/D135, 1 1(a)(iv) (area liable to) flooding, 1 1(a)(v) 1081(m), 1 1(b)(i) D680 21–24 mm from left, 2 River Maronne 49–52 mm from left, 1(b)(ii) rising then falling 2 summit 1250–1280 m, 1(c) 5 Both Neither of Feature Area A Area B these these areas areas river flowing from south to  north steep slopes  land above 13 00 metres  plateau  south facing slopes  1(d)(i) 3000–3350 (metres), 1 1(d)(ii) 165–170 (°), 1 1(e) valley/low, 4 bridging point, road junction, above river/flooding, river/lake for water supply, woods for construction/fuel, monument/place of interest for tourism, quarry, north west facing, churches therefore religious centre,

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2021

1 Study the map extract for Troon, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 32 33 34 35 32 32 B E 31 31 Cemy C F A D 30 30 32 33 34 35 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the type of road at B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the contour at D … metres [1] (v) feature E. … [1] (b) Look at the railway line which runs north from the railway station at F shown on Fig. 1.1. (i) Give the six‑figure grid reference of the railway station at F shown on Fig. 1.1. … [1] (ii) What is the distance along the railway line from the railway station at F to the next railway station to the north? Tick (✓) one box below. tick (✓) 1150 metres 1850 metres 2150 metres 2400 metres [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the railway station at F to the next railway station to the north. … degrees [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross‑section along northing 325 from 340325 to 365325. X 200 200 150 150 metres above metres above sea level 100 100 sea level 50 50 0 0 340325 365325 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the location of the Ayrshire coastal path. [1] (iii) The cross‑section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [2] (d) Look at the coastline on the western side of the map extract. (i) Identify three tourist attractions along the coastline of South Bay. … … … … … … [3] (ii) Describe the physical (natural) features of the coastline shown on the map extract. … … … … … … … … … … [5] [Total: 20] TURN PAGE FOR QUESTION 2

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) cemetery, 1 1(a)(ii) A/main/dual carriageway, 1 1(a)(iii) coniferous trees/scrub, 1 1(a)(iv) 15, 1 1(a)(v) path/route/trail, 1 1(b)(i) 325308, (Allow 324308) 1 1(b)(ii) 2150 m, 1 1(b)(iii) 8–12°, 1 1(c)(i) (secondary/>4m) road, 1 1(c)(ii) path labelled 12–15 mm from left margin, 1 1(c)(iii) land rising then falling, 2 summit 140–150 m, 1(d)(i) golf, 3 club house, (sandy) beach, hotel, war memorial, parking path/walking route/trail, public toilet, cycle route, viewpoint, picnic site, lighthouse, marina, 1(d)(ii) sand/beach, 5 wide beach, rocks/boulders/outcrop, (scree = 0) wave cut platform, flat/gentle, low/5m, headland/point/promontory/cape, Extract from place names throughout. bay, lake/lagoon/pond/pool, island/stack/stump, spring, cliffs at Port Ronnald/headland,

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2022

1 Study the map extract for Lochwinnoch, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 31 32 33 34 35 61 61 60 60 B FB C 59 59 Garpel E Bridge Glenlora Bridge A D 58 58 31 32 33 34 35 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) the name of settlement D … [1] (v) the height above sea level of the spot height (survey height) at E. … metres [1] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows the locations of Glenlora Bridge and Garpel Bridge. (i) Using the map extract, measure how far it is along the road from Glenlora Bridge to Garpel Bridge. … metres [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from Glenlora Bridge to Garpel Bridge. … degrees [1] (c) Using the map extract, describe the drainage in the area shown in Fig. 1.1. … … … … … … … … … … [5] (d) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 615 from 380615 to 410615. Crossflat 100 Hill X 100 75 75 metres metres above above 50 50sea level sea level 25 25 0 0 380615 410615 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the main road. [1] (iii) The cross-section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [1] (e) Find the settlement of Howwood in the east of the map extract. Using map evidence suggest reasons for the growth of the settlement. … … … … … … … … … … [5] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) road/main road 1 1(a)(ii) footbridge 1 1(a)(iii) coniferous trees/bracken/heath/rough grassland 1 1(a)(iv) Gavilmoss 1 1(a)(v) 202 (metres) 1 1(b)(i) 1500–1600 (metres) 1 1(b)(ii) 72–78 (degrees) 1 1(c) large/main river Calder; 5 river Calder flows SE; river Calder meanders/bends; (many) small rivers/tributaries/streams/affluents/burns; flow E/SE (from W/NW)/flow S (from N/NE); waterfalls; springs; ponds/lakes; V-shaped valley; 1(d)(i) traffic-free cycle route 1 1(d)(ii) 105–109 mm from left hand margin or 11–15 mm from right hand margin 1 1(d)(iii) hill rising to between 87 m to  100 m then dropping 1 1(e) gentle slope; 5 defensive site (castle remains); sheltered in valley; bridging point; railway (station) for travel/transport/commuting; road/river for travel/transport/goods; river for tourism/fishing/water source/water supply/drinking/washing/wet- point site; well for water source/water supply/drinking/washing river/floodplain creating fertile land for agriculture; wood for timber/building materials;

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2022

1 Study the map extract for Uplawmoor, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 41 42 43 44 58 58 Plymuir E B 57 57 A C 56 56 D Loch Braco Libo 55 55 41 42 43 44 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the vegetation at B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the spot height (survey height) at D … metres [1] (v) the land use at E. … [1] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows the location of Braco, Plymuir and Loch Libo. (i) Using the map extract measure the straight-line distance between Braco and Plymuir. … metres [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from Braco to Plymuir. … degrees [1] (iii) Estimate the area of Loch Libo. Tick (✓) one box below. tick (✓) 50 000 m2 100 000 m2 150 000 m2 200 000 m2 [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 546 from 410546 to 440546. Ram’s X Head 200 200 175 175 metres metres above 150 150 above sea level sea level 125 125 100 100 410546 440546 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the land use at X. … [1] (ii) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the A736. [1] (iii) The cross-section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [2] (d) Describe the relief of the land to the north of the main road (A736) on the map extract. … … … … … … … … [4] (e) Describe the distribution of settlement to the south of the main road (A736) on the map extract. … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20] TURN PAGE FOR QUESTION 2

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) B/secondary road/Muirhouse Farm/farm/well 1 1(a)(ii) bracken/heath/rough grassland 1 1(a)(iii) mast 1 1(a)(iv) 198 (metres) 1 1(a)(v) coniferous/non-coniferous woodland/mixed woodland/scrub 1 1(b)(i) 2425–2650 metres 1 1(b)(ii) 47–53 (degrees) 1 1(b)(iii) 100 000 (metres²) 1 1(c)(i) golf course/golf club/golf links 1 1(c)(ii) 59-63mm from left hand margin or 57–61 mm from right hand margin + 1 arrow/line without arrowhead 1(c)(iii) relatively flat/flatter line at first then steeper = 1 (plateaus at 160 m so 2 shouldn’t go over 165 m in the first part – allow a decline before a rise) line to 165–175 m on right hand margin = 1 1(d) steep (near road); 4 highest point 259 m (Corkindale Law); lowest point 85–120 m; If neither of highest or lowest given: rises 139–174 m; height declines to the N/NW / further from road gentle(r)/flatter slopes to the N/NW / further from road; small valleys; steepest/cliffs NW/N of Loch Libo/Caldwell Law/4255/4355; side of valley/escarpment; SE facing slope/slopes parallel to A736; circular/rounded hill(s)/knoll(s); 1(e) uneven distribution; 4 scattered/dispersed/spread out (settlements); large(r/st) settlements are 3/4 km apart; large(r/st) settlement(s) clustered/nucleated; Uplawmoor/2nd largest settlement is linear; large(r/st) settlement(s) close to/<1 km from A/main road / roads >4 m wide; large(r/st) settlement in NE/E / large settlement in SW/W/S; smaller settlements are away from A/main road/to S/SE; smaller settlements are on minor/small roads/tracks/roads <4 m wide; smaller settlements are isolated; Accept ‘hamlets/farms/buildings/houses’ instead of ‘smaller settlements’. Accept ‘Uplawmoor’, ‘Neilston’, ‘in SW/W/S’, ‘NE/E’, ‘4355’, ‘4756/57’ instead of ‘large(r/st)’. Also accept ‘south of Loch Libo’ for Uplawmoor.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2022

1 Study the map extract for Irvine, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around Irvine. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions that follow. 31 32 33 34 40 40 D A 39 39 B C E G F 38 38 31 32 33 34 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the contour line at D. … metres [1] (b) Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. (i) Using the map extract, measure the distance along the railway line from the railway station at E (317386) to the southern edge of the map extract. … metres [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from the railway station at E to feature C. … degrees [1] (iii) Using map evidence, describe the housing and street pattern in Fullarton (3138 and 3238), area F on Fig. 1.1. … … … … … … [3] (iv) Using map evidence, suggest reasons for the location of the industrial estate (3338), area G on Fig. 1.1. … … … … … … [3] (c) Describe the human and physical (natural) features of the River Garnock which flows in the west of the map extract. Human features … … … … … … … … … … Physical features … … … … … … … … … … [8] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) A78/main road/dual carriageway/by-pass 1 1(a)(ii) Museum 1 1(a)(iii) Hotel/building (if using key alone) 1 1(a)(iv) 20 (metres) 1 1(b)(i) 1530–1580 metres 1 1(b)(ii) 87–93 (degrees) 1 1(b)(iii) detached/separate; 3 semi-detached/joined/rows/terraced/blocks(of houses); dense/compact/clustered/nucleated; back gardens/yards/large plots; curved roads/streets/crescents/oval/circular; cul-de-sac/dead end roads; housing 1 mark reserve street pattern 1 mark reserve 1(b)(iv) large area/room for expansion; 3 flat/gentle land; near road junction, access to main road/dual carriageway; near town/housing/Irvine for labour; near town/housing/Irvine for market; industrial estates nearby for components/exchange of ideas; river for water supply/cleaning or dumping waste; cheaper land on edge of urban area/flooding; 1(c) Human: 8 weirs; bridges; footbridge; straightened; jetty/dock/quay; physical: tidal; estuary; meanders/bends/curves (or description); mud/sand/shingle/deposition; mouth at Irvine Bay/Bar; bar (mouth at Irvine Bar = 2); overall flow to S/SE/SSE or from N/NW/NNW or SW then SE then SW; braided channel/splits and rejoins /island /eyot; tributaries/confluence (or description e.g., rivers joining); flows on gentle/low/flat land/channel gradient; variable width; levee/embankment (allow as either a human or physical feature) 2 mark reserve for human/physical

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2022

1 Study the map extract for Beith, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south-west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 55 55 D C 54 54 A B 53 53 32 33 34 35 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the spot height (survey height) at D. … metres [1] (b) Study the map extract and answer the questions that follow. (i) Estimate the area of Kilbirnie Loch in the south of the map extract. Tick (✓) one box below. tick (✓) 1 km2 1.5 km2 2 km2 2.5 km2 [1] (ii) Identify three tourist attractions shown on the map extract. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 557 from 320557 to 350557. 80 80 road metres 60 60 metres above above sea 40 40 sea level level 20 20 320557 350557 Fig. 1.2 (i) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the A760. [1] (ii) The cross-section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [2] (d) Describe the distribution of settlement to the west of the A760 main road. … … … … … … … … … … [5] (e) Describe the site of the settlement of Beith. … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20] TURN PAGE FOR QUESTION 2

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (Current or former) place of worship/church with tower 1 1(a)(ii) Multiple track railway; 1 Warehouses. 1(a)(iii) Road more than 4 m wide; 1 Beith. 1(a)(iv) 71 (metres) 1 1(b)(i) 1 km² 1 1(b)(ii) Fishing; 3 Nature reserve; Visitor centre; Parking; Public house; Golf club or links; Castle; Loch. 1(c)(i) 45 mm (43–47 mm) from left hand axis 1 Use the ruler device to measure distance. Arrows should end within 1 cm of the cross-section. Measure to the point that the arrow projects to. The arrow should project to the profile and not the base line. There should be no ambiguity. 1(c)(ii) Rises to 75–85 (metres); 2 Falls on west to 60–65 (metres). 1(d) Sparsely populated; 5 Dispersed/scattered/spread out; Hamlets; Farms/isolated dwellings/isolated buildings; On higher land/top of hills; More than 50 (metres) above sea level; On gentle(r) slopes; No settlements along Dipple Burn; Along roads/linked by roads. 1(e) On gentle(r) slopes; 4 On higher land; 50–110 (metres); NW facing; At meeting point/junction/intersection of roads/route centre; Near streams/rivers/burns; Overlooking/1 km to the Loch.

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2022

1 Study the map extract for Largs, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 22 23 24 25 58 58 B FB A 57 57 C E D 56 56 22 23 24 25 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the name of river C … [1] (iv) the land use at D … [1] (v) the height above sea level of the spot height (survey height) at E. … metres [1] (b) Study the map extract. (i) Using the map extract, measure the distance along the A760 from the parking in grid square 2158 to the parking in grid square 2357. … metres [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from the parking in grid square 2158 to the parking in grid square 2357. … degrees [1] (iii) Describe the distribution of trees to the south of the A760. … … … … … … [3] (c) Using the map extract identify three services provided for the population of the town of Largs. Do not include tourist attractions. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (d) Find the main river, the Gogo Water, in the north of the map. Describe the physical features of the river and its valley. River … … … … … … … … Valley … … … … … … … … [7] [Total: 20] TURN PAGE FOR QUESTION 2

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) A760/main road 1 1(a)(ii) Footbridge/building(s)/non–coniferous trees/Fechan/Fechan Bridge. 1 1(a)(iii) Kel Burn 1 1(a)(iv) Coniferous trees/coniferous forest 1 1(a)(v) 344 (metres) 1 1(b)(i) 3000–3200 metres 1 1(b)(ii) 97–103 (degrees) 1 1(b)(iii) Uneven distribution/no pattern/not evenly distributed; 3 More/dense/large amount in W/SW/less/sparse/small amount in E/SE; On steep (area/slope(s))/less/widely dispersed/scattered on flat(ter) land/gentle(r) (area/slope(s)); Along slopes/linear; Mostly below 200 m (accept <100 m for lower value)/very little above 200m; Along/near rivers/tributaries/valleys/glens/burns/valley sides; Parallel/close to coast in SW/grid square 2156; Lower slopes of Ward Hill; Along A760/the road; East of castle (Kelburn)/in Kelburn Glen/River/largest area around Kelburn Glen/grid square 2256. 1(c) School/academy; 3 Hospital; Place of worship/place of worship with spire/minaret/dome; (allow specific type of place of worship) Police station; Fire station; Library; Public conveniences/toilets; Club house/golf club/golf course; (Railway) station; Parking; Cemetery; Marina; Recreational route/National Trail; Ferry. 1(d) River: 7 Source in NE/E/mouth in W/NW; Flows to W/from NE/E; (Many, small) tributaries/confluences/affluents (or description e.g., rivers joining); Variable width/gets wider/narrower/widens; 25–35m wide (at its widest); Steep gradient; Meanders/bends/curves/zigzags/winds; Straight(ened) (channel) to the west/as it goes through Largs; Flows across the beach/sand/shingle (at mouth); Waterfall(s). Valley: Steep valley/sides/gorge; Gentle(r)(est) (valley side) in the west/in Largs/lower course/flat in Largs/steeper(est) in middle/upper course; Narrow (valley) floor/bottom; Narrower (valley) in east/upper course/wider in west/lower course; V shaped; Interlocking spurs; Streams running down (valley) sides/tributary valleys/source of tributaries/joins another valley; Meanders/bends/curves/zigzags/winds; Steeper north facing slope; Outcrops/scree/vertical face/cliff.

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2022

3 (a) Study Fig. 3.1 (Insert), which is a photograph which shows a rural settlement in Spain (an MEDC in Europe). (i) Describe the housing shown in Fig. 3.1. … … … … [2] (ii) Suggest reasons for the original site and growth of the settlement in Fig. 3.1. … … … … … … [3] (b) Many rural areas in MEDCs, such as Spain, have a declining population. Suggest three different reasons for this. 1 … … 2 … … 3 … … [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a)(i) Clustered/close together/dense/nucleated/crowded; 2 Terraced/joined together/in rows; (Most are) two/three/multi storey; Large; Small windows/windows in roof/skylight; Sloping roofs; Red/brown/tiled roofs; Old(er)/traditional; Similar design. 3(a)(ii) River/wet point for washing/fishing/transport/water (supply); 3 Roads meet/crossroads/nodal point/route focus/road network for access/trade; Flat(ter) land/gentle(r) gradient/terraces for building/farming/construction; Grassland/pastures for (grazing) animals; Above valley floor to avoid flooding/dry point site; On valley sides/below slope for shelter (from winds); Trees for fuel/building; Space/unused/available land for expansion/building/farming/grazing animals. 3(b) Low/declining BR/fewer children; 3 Rural to urban migration/move to urban area/town/city; Lack of/low paying jobs/career/poverty/pull towards jobs/lack of money; Lack of/pull towards services/services close/or example (e.g., (food) shops/health care/education); Lack of/poor/pull towards transport services/electricity/internet/services/communications/sanitation/water supply; Poor roads/remote/long distance to nearby town/city; Decline in demand for labourers/mechanisation/consolidation of farms/exhaustion of soils; Lack of/pull towards high quality/affordable housing/low-cost housing; Lack of/pull towards bright lights/night life/entertainment.

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2022

1 Study the map extract for Saltcoats, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract to answer the questions below. 23 24 25 26 45 45 D Sorbie B F 44 44 A G Sch E C 43 43 23 24 25 26 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the land use at B … [1] (iii) the feature at C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the spot height (survey height) at D … metres [1] (v) the name of the river at E. … [1] (b) Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. (i) Using the map extract measure the distance between roundabouts F and G travelling on the main road (A78) shown on Fig. 1.1. … metres [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from roundabout F to G. … degrees [1] (iii) Using map evidence suggest reasons for the location of the small settlement of Sorbie (2444). … … … … … … [3] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 445 from 230445 to 260445. 150 150 Mill Farm metres metres above 100 100 above sea level sea level 50 50 230445 260445 Fig. 1.2 (i) On Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of Sorbie Road. [1] (ii) The cross-section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [1] (d) (i) Identify three human features of the coastline shown on the map extract. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (ii) Describe the physical features of the coastline shown on the map extract. … … … … … … … … … … [5] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) B(714)/secondary road/(ground survey/spot height) 94 (m) 1 1(a)(ii) Coniferous and non-coniferous trees/mixed woodland/forest 1 1(a)(iii) School/important building/school building 1 1(a)(iv) 66 (metres) 1 1(a)(v) Stanley Burn 1 1(b)(i) 2280–2380 (metres) 1 1(b)(ii) 107–113(°) 1 1(b)(iii) South-west aspect for growing crops/shelter; 3 Gently sloping since easy to build/use of machines; On a stream/river for water supply; Woodland for fuel/building; Along a road/track/drive for access/to coast/town; On a slope to avoid flooding; Fields for agriculture; Elevated/high for defence/view; Away from town since less noise/air pollution/peaceful. 1(c)(i) Arrow 63–67 mm from the left-hand margin (accept if no label). 1 Use the ruler devise to measure distance. Arrows should end within 1cm of the cross-section. Measure to the point that the arrow projects to. The arrow should project to the profile and not the base line. There should be no ambiguity. 1(c)(ii) Land descends to 75–88 (metres) above sea level (needs to meet axis). 1 1(d)(i) Ferry/ferry terminal; 3 Harbour; Marina; Groynes; Breakwater; Coast path/national trail/recreational route; (Traffic free) cycle route; Picnic site; Nature reserve; Lighthouse; Parking; Public toilets; Pools (Saltcoats); Slipway. 1(d)(ii) Sand/beach; 5 Rocky/outcrops/wave-cut platform/(loose)rocks/boulders; Dunes/bracken/heath/rough grassland; Headland; Pools/lakes/lagoon; Bay/curved coastline/cove; Island(s)/stacks/stumps; River mouth; Natural harbour; Flat/gentle slope.

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2022

1 Study the map extract for Southannan Sands, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features toward the north of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 21 22 23 55 55 FB B E A 54 54 D C 53 53 21 22 23 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the name of the river at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the spot height (triangulation pillar) at D. … metres [1] (b) Look at the railway line which runs to the south from the railway station at E shown on Fig. 1.1. (i) Give the six-figure grid reference of the railway station at E shown on Fig. 1.1. … [1] (ii) What is the distance along the railway line from the railway station at E to the southern edge of the map extract? … kilometres [1] (iii) What is the bearing from the railway station at E to the end of the railway line at the southern edge of the map extract? … degrees [1] (c) Identify three tourist attractions shown on the map extract. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (d) Describe the types and distribution of vegetation shown on the map extract. … … … … … … … … [4] (e) Describe the drainage pattern east of easting 21 shown on the map extract. … … … … … … … … … … … … [6] [Total: 20] TURN PAGE FOR QUESTION 2

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Southannan Burn 1 1(a)(ii) Footbridge 1 1(a)(iii) Coniferous trees and non-coniferous trees/vegetation/woods /mixed woods. 1 1(a)(iv) 387 (metres) 1 1(b)(i) 210546 1 1(b)(ii) 3.88 (kilometres) Accept 3.75–3.95 (kilometres). 1 Allow 3750–3950 m providing metres is clearly stated. 1(b)(iii) 190 (degrees) Accept 187–193 (degrees) 1 1(c) Picnic site; 3 Walks/trails/(Ayrshire) coastal path/recreational route/national trail; Fishing/reservoirs/dam; Waterfalls; Castle (remains); Toilets/public conveniences; Southannan Sands/beach; Pier; Cup and Ring-marked Rock. Credit any 3 correct responses. 1(d) Trees/woodland/coniferous/non-coniferous; 4 FOUND: To the west/western facing slopes/less to the east; On steep slopes; At base of slope/ between A78 road and railway/along A78/along railway; Below 150 m (allow any figure between 140 m and 160 m); In flat(ter) area in SW/SSW / near Hunterston House/Castle; Along river valley(s); Orchards/most non coniferous trees in SSW/SW/west of A78/railway; Coniferous trees east of A78/railway; Scrub/bracken/heath/rough grassland; FOUND: Throughout the area/across the whole map/to the east/centre; Above 75–80 m/on high land/hilly/mountainous areas; Near Hunterston House/Castle. Vegetation types alone max. 2; Distribution max. 3. and must refer to a vegetation type. Can be 3 marks for one vegetation type. 1(e) Small/narrow rivers/streams/burns; 6 (Many) tributaries/confluences/affluents/join small rivers/burns; Meanders; (Streams have) steep gradients; Radial pattern; Dendritic pattern; Waterfalls; Flowing into/have mouth at reservoirs; Large(r) stream/river flows out of the reservoir (Knockendon); Bogs; Generally drains to the S/SSW/SW/SSE/SE/flow to southern edge of map/drain from the north; Except in the N, where drains to W/WNW.

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2023

2 Study Fig. 2.1, which shows an area surrounding a city. Key city town village 0 5 10 15 20 hamlet km Fig. 2.1 (a) (i) Using Fig. 2.1, complete the table below: settlement type number of settlements city 1 town village hamlet 10 [2] (ii) Using Fig. 2.1, find the distance between the towns. … kilometres [1] (b) What is meant by the following terms? (i) sphere of influence … … [1] (ii) threshold population … … [1] (c) Fig. 2.2 shows the relationship between population size and the number of services provided by a settlement. cities Y large towns number of small towns services villages hamlets population size Fig. 2.2 (i) Using Fig. 2.2, describe the relationship between population size and number of services. … … [2] (ii) Settlement Y has a large number of services compared to its population size. Circle the correct answer below to show what function the settlement might have. capital city dormitory settlement manufacturing mining tourism [1] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) Town: 2 2 Village: 8 2(a)(ii) 37.5 (km) (Allow 35.5–39.5 km) 1 2(b)(i) Area from which people travel (to use a service)/the catchment area of a 1 service/the area served by a settlement. No credit for: area influenced by a service. 2(b)(ii) The (minimum) number of people required to make a service profitable/to 1 support a service. 2(c)(i) Positive (correlation)/direct relationship/linear; 2 As population increases the number of services increases; Fairly strong/strong (relationship)/there is an anomaly. 2(c)(ii) Tourism 1

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2023

1 Study the map extract for Kilmarnock, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around Kilmaurs. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 40 41 42 42 42 A E D F 41 41 B C 40 40 40 41 42 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the height above sea level of the contour line at E. … metres [1] (b) Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. (i) Using the map extract, measure the distance along the railway line from the railway station at Kilmaurs (F) to the railway station at Kilmarnock. … km [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from the railway station at Kilmaurs (F) to the railway station at Kilmarnock. … degrees [1] (iii) What is the six-figure grid reference for the railway station at Kilmarnock? … [1] (c) Annanhill Golf Course (4137) is in the south-west of the map extract. (i) Which two of the following statements are true about the location of Annanhill Golf Course? Tick (3) two boxes below. tick (3) it has a north-west-facing slope it has a south-east-facing slope it has a south-west-facing slope it is in the CBD it is in the rural-urban fringe it is in the countryside [2] (ii) Using map evidence, suggest reasons for the location of the large leisure facility, Annanhill Golf Course. … … … … … … [3] (d) Describe the human and physical (natural) features of the River Irvine, which flows in the south of the map extract. Human features … … … … … … … … … … Physical features … … … … … … … … … … [7] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) A735/A road/main road. 1 1(a)(ii) Place of worship/church with tower. 1 1(a)(iii) Non-coniferous trees/coppice/scrub/plantation/Long walk plantation. 1 1(a)(iv) Mast. 1 1(a)(v) 80 (metres). 1 1(b)(i) 3.6 kilometres (accept 3.5–3.7 km). 1 1(b)(ii) 146 (degrees) (accept 144−147). 1 1(b)(iii) 426382/427382. 1 1(c)(i) It has a South-east facing slope; 2 It is in the rural-urban fringe. 1(c)(ii)  (Large area of) open land/space/not many buildings around; 3  Cheaper land on outskirts/rural-urban fringe;  Flatter/gently sloping relief (suits golf);  Lowland;  Close to settlement for customers/market/supplies;  Near to a road. 1(d) Human: 7  Weirs;  Bridges/footbridge;  Cutting/embankments/levees;  Path. Note: can also credit levees under physical for reserve mark. Physical (natural):  Meanders;  Overall flow to west/west-south-west;  Confluence(s)/tributary(s);  Gentle gradient;  Widens/variable width;  Wide/20−30 m wide;  Straighter in west/south-west of map extract / more meanders in east/south-east of map extract. Note: 1 mark reserve for human/physical (natural).

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2023

1 Study the map extract for West Kilbride, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in West Kilbride. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions. 20 21 22 49 49 F B C 48 48 E D A 47 47 20 21 22 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the contour at D … metres [1] (v) the land use at E. … [1] (b) Study the railway line which runs north to south from the railway station at F shown on the map extract. (i) Give the six‑figure grid reference of the railway station at F shown on Fig. 1.1. … [1] (ii) What is the distance along the railway line from the railway station at F to the southern edge of the map extract? … km [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross‑section along northing 495 from 170495 to 200495. 80 X Y 80 60 60 metres metres above 40 40 above sea level sea level 20 20 sea 170495 200495 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross‑section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross‑section. [1] (d) Look at the coastline on the western side of the map extract. (i) Identify four tourist attractions along the coastline. 1 … 2 … 3 … 4 … [4] (ii) Describe the physical (natural) features of the coastline shown on the map extract. … … … … … … [3] (e) Describe how relief has affected the route of the railway line. … … … … … … [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) B road/secondary road/B7047. 1 1(a)(ii) Church/place of worship with spire/minaret/dome. 1 1(a)(iii) Mast. 1 1(a)(iv) 85 (metres). 1 1(a)(v) Non-coniferous trees/woods/forest/vegetation. 1 1(b)(i) 208/9483/4. 1 1(b)(ii) 2.53 (km) (accept 2.4–2.6 km or 2400–2600 m). 1 1(c)(i) (Carlung) farm/building(s)/other road/drive/track. 1 1(c)(ii) A road/A78/main road. 1 1(c)(iii) Rises to a hill at/just above 60 m above sea level (allow 55–64 m). 1 1(d)(i) Castle; 4 Pier; Picnic site; Golf Club/course; Coastal path/National Trail/Recreational route; Public house/pub; Hotel; Beach. 1(d)(ii) Island(s)/rocks (in sea)/offshore rocks/stack(s)/stump(s)/craig/crag; 3 Sand(y)/sand & shingle/beach(es); Loose rock(s)/boulders/(rock) outcrop/wave-cut platform; Headland; Bay; Raised beach; Cliff/vertical face; (Jenny’s) dyke/(Sandy’s) creek. 1(e) Follows/along/through valley/on valley floor; 3 (Height mark) keeps to low(er) land/base of hills/avoids high(er) land/curves around/along the side of/avoids hill(s); (Gradient mark) keeps to gentle gradient/flatter land/on flat land between Drummilling and Law Hill/curves around/avoids steep(er) slopes/parallel to slopes; Follows coastline in the south.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2023

3 Fig. 3.1 (Insert), is an aerial view of a river port in Germany. (a) Describe how the land is being used in the river port. … … … … … … … … … … [5] (b) Using evidence from Fig. 3.1 (Insert), suggest why this river port is a good location for manufacturing industry. … … … … … … [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) Warehousing/buildings for storage; 5 Factories/industry/manufacturing; Containers/container storage/storage units/crates; Wharves/docks/docking/piers/quays/jetties/berths for ships/loading areas/unloading areas; (Lorry/car/vehicle) parking; Road(s); Housing/offices; Trees (adjacent to road); Bridge; Vacant/derelict land/free/open space; Cranes. 3(b) Flat land so easier to build; 3 Rural land so cheaper/land available for building since empty; Warehousing present for storage of materials; Large area of land for wide berths/large buildings/factories/expansion/storage/car parks; Wide/large river/canal/area of water so easy to navigate/for large ships; River/canal provides access to transport (raw) materials/products/goods/water for manufacturing processes; Roads provide access to transport (raw) materials/products/goods/for worker access; Road/river for transportation/for accessibility; Constant arrival of ships makes it easy to receive materials; Low cost of transportation.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2023

1 Study the map extract for Cunninghame, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. 21 22 23 63 63 G A F E 62 62 C D FB B 61 61 21 22 23 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the spot height (survey height) at D. … metres above sea level [1] (v) the name of the settlement at E … [1] (vi) the name of the river at F. … [1] (b) Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. What is the six‑figure grid reference for the settlement of Craigton, shown as G on Fig. 1.1? … [1] (c) Identify two tourist facilities shown on the map extract. 1 … 2 … [2] (d) Study the map extract and Fig. 1.2 which shows an area in the east of the map. 24 25 26 65 65 64 64 Burn Burnt Hill Black Slanger Burn 63 63 24 25 26 Fig. 1.2 Which four of the following statements are true about the area? Tick (✓) four boxes. tick (✓) there are villages there are no settlements highest point is 489 metres above sea level highest point is 485 metres above sea level gradients are steep gradients are gentle there are waterfalls there is a flood plain no rivers flow above 475 metres above sea level many rivers flow above 475 metres above sea level (e) Look at the main river (Noddsdale Water) which flows in the west of the map extract. Describe the physical (natural) features of the river and its valley. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [7] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Road less than 4 m wide. 1 1(a)(ii) Footbridge. 1 1(a)(iii) Coniferous/non-coniferous trees/woodland/forest. 1 1(a)(iv) 288 (metres above sea level). 1 1(a)(v) Middleton. 1 1(a)(vi) Whitlie Burn. 1 1(b) 218626/5. 1 1(c) Fishing; 2 Parking: Picnic site; Recreational route. 1(d) There are no settlements; 4 Highest point is 489 metres above sea level; Gradients are steep; No rivers flow above 475 metres above sea level. 1(e) Flows SW/ then SSW/S OR SW/SSW (overall); or opposite e.g., from 7 NE; Steep gradient/variable gradient; Waterfall; River width varies/wider downstream/wider in S/SW/narrower in N/ NE; (Joined by) tributaries/confluences/affluents; More tributaries on western/north-western side; Meanders/curves/bends/zig-zags; Narrow valley floor/V shaped valley; Steep (sided) valley; Deep valley/gorge; Steeper on eastern/south-eastern side; Trees/woodland/forest; Bracken/heath/rough grassland. Note: Reserve 1 mark for each of valley and river.

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2023

1 Study the map extract for Gourock, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around Spango in the map extract. 23 24 25 76 76 Schs B E C G D 75 75 A F 74 74 23 24 25 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the land use at D … [1] (v) the height above sea level of the spot height (survey height) at E. … metres [1] (b) Study the railway line which runs north-east from the railway station at F shown on Fig. 1.1. (i) Give the six-figure grid reference of the railway station at IBM station, shown as F on Fig. 1.1. … [1] (ii) What is the distance along the railway line from the railway station at IBM station F to the next railway station located to the north-east at Branchton, shown as G on Fig. 1.1? … metres [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the railway station at IBM station F to the next railway station located to the north-east at Branchton, shown as G on Fig. 1.1. … degrees [1] (c) Look again at the railway line on the map extract. Describe the relief to the south-east of the railway line. … … … … … … … … … … [5] (d) Describe the physical (natural) and human features of the coastline shown on the map extract. physical features … … … … … … … human features … … … … … … … [7] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) A78/A road/main road/dual carriageway 1 1(a)(ii) School(s) 1 1(a)(iii) Recreation/leisure/sports centre 1 1(a)(iv) Scrub/bracken/heath/rough grassland 1 1(a)(v) 159 (metres) 1 1(b)(i) 234742 1 234743 235742 235743 1(b)(ii) 1950 (metres) accept 1900–2000 1 1(b)(iii) 53 (accept 51–54) degrees 1 1(c) Hilly/hill(s)/accept 2 named hills; 5 Highest point 274–280m; Highest in south/furthest from railway/increase in height with distance from railway; Rounded/knolls; Steep slopes; Steepest in west/north-west/nearest railway/decrease in steepness with distance from railway; North-west facing slopes (near railway)/south-east/south facing slopes near lake/water body; V-shaped valley(s). 1(d) Physical: 7 Bay(s); Headland(s)/point(s); Sand/shingle/beach(es); Rocks/rocky; Mud; Scree/loose rock(s)/boulders/outcrop; Human: Jetty; Lighthouse; Pier; Beacon; Slipway; Landing stage; Dock(s)/quay(s)/port(s). Note: Reserve 3 marks for physical/human. Response must be in correct section.

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2023

1 Study the map extract for Stewarton, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around Dunlop. 40 41 42 50 50 C B Sch E 49 49 D A 48 48 40 41 42 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) the land use at B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the contour line at D. … metres [1] (b) Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. (i) Using the map extract, measure the distance along the railway line from the railway station at Dunlop (E) to the railway station at Stewarton. … kms [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the railway station at Dunlop (E) to the railway station at Stewarton? … [1] (iii) What is the six‑figure grid reference for the railway station at Stewarton? … [1] (c) Identify three tourist facilities shown on the map extract. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (d) Fig. 1.2 is a cross‑section along northing 475 from 400475 to 430475. X Y mast 160 160 metres metres 140 140above above sea sea level 120 120 level 100 100 400475 430475 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross‑section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross‑section. [1] (e) Describe and explain the pattern of rural settlement shown on the map extract. Do not refer to Dunlop and Stewarton. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [7] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Road (generally) more than 4 m wide 1 1(a)(ii) Coniferous trees 1 1(a)(iii) School 1 1(a)(iv) 150 (metres) 1 1(b)(i) 3.7 kilometres (accept 3.6–3.8 km) 1 1(b)(ii) South-south-east / SSE 1 1(b)(iii) 417460 1 417461 418460 418461 1(c) • Picnic site; 3 • Walks / trails; • Recreation / leisure / sports centre; • Public house; • Hotel; • Castle (remains of). 1(d)(i) Railway / railway line / train track 1 1(d)(ii) Main road / A Road / A735 1 1(d)(iii) Land slopes down to approx. 105 m.a.s.l. (allow 101–109 m) 1 Line should touch the vertical axis. Note: At no point should it drop below 100 m. Line must not go above 135 m. 1(e) Settlements are / on / have: 7 • Sparsely distributed / scattered / dispersed / spread out / uneven distribution / pattern / buildings far from each other; • Found throughout the area (scattered in all areas = 2); • Denser / mainly / more in / denser west of Dunlop; • Low(er) number in the centre of the map; • Farm(s) / hamlet(s); • Have 3–7 buildings; (accept any number in between but must have a range.) • Isolated; • Along / around / near / next to road(s) / track(s); • To provide access to main town(s) / other settlement(s) / services / to buy goods; • Surrounded by / near / next to fields / farmland / agricultural land; • Agricultural land for crops / growing food / livestock / pastoral / for food; • On / near burn(s) / (small) river(s) / well(s) / water body(ies) / water source / spring(s): • To water crop(s) / animals / for source of water / water supply; (wells for water = 1) • (Most are) above 100 m; • On or near to gently / gentler sloping land / relatively flat / avoids steep(er) land / hilltop(s); • Gently sloping land so it’s easy to build / farm on; • Near / within woodland / forest / trees; • To provide wood for fuel / building.

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2023

3 (a) (i) Fig. 3.1 (Insert) shows a new shopping centre. Using evidence from Fig. 3.1 only, suggest four advantages of shopping there. 1 … … 2 … … 3 … … 4 … … [4] (ii) Fig. 3.2 (Insert) shows a local neighbourhood clothing shop. State how this shop will differ from a clothing shop in Fig. 3.1 using the headings below. range of goods … … threshold population … … [2] (b) Suggest two advantages of people shopping in their local area. 1 … … 2 … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a)(i) • Modern; 4 • Light / well lit; • (Large) variety of shops / range of goods / consumers have a wide choice / shops all in one place / under one roof / comparison shops / shops close together / not far / short distance between shops; • Designer / luxury / high order goods / well-known brands / (high) quality products; • Escalators (to access different floors): • Undercover / has a roof; • Wide pavements / (more)spacious / open space; • Three floors / multi-storey / large area (for shopping); • Concrete surfaces / flat surfaces; • Eating places / places for drinks / refreshments / bars / seating available; • Clean / dustbins. 3(a)(ii) Neighbourhood clothing shop has: 2 Range of goods • Lower / smaller / limited; Threshold population • Lower / smaller (population). Note: If not stated assume the answer refers to the local clothing shop. Accept converse if stated i.e. the clothing shop in the shopping centre; 3(b) • Less time travelling / easier access / close / more convenient / 2 no long-distance travel / can walk / no need for vehicles; • Reduces / low(er) transportation costs; • Less air pollution; • Fewer traffic jams; • Less fuel burned / saves petrol; • Creates demand for local jobs; • Prevents money flowing out of the community / brings income into the local area; • Supports businesses / ensures they stay open; • Familiarity with goods and services offered / buyer and seller / easier to return goods.

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2023

1 Study the map extract for Kilwinning, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Study Fig. 1.1, which shows some of the features in Kilwinning. 28 29 30 45 45 D W B 44 44 E P+R C A 43 43 28 29 30 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1, part of the town of Kilwinning: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the contour line at D. … metres [1] (b) Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. (i) Using the map extract, measure the distance along the railway line from the railway station at Kilwinning (E) to the northern edge of the map extract. … km [1] (ii) What is the six-figure grid reference for the railway station at Kilwinning? … [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 455 from 260455 to 290455. X 120 120 Y 100 100 road less than 4 m wide 80 80metres metres above above 60 60sea level sea level 40 40 20 20 260455 290455 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross-section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [2] (d) Describe the distribution of the trees (woodland) on the map extract. … … … … … … [3] (e) Using map evidence, describe the site and functions of the settlement of Kilwinning. site … … … … … … … functions … … … … … … … [7] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Main road/A road/A738 1 1(a)(ii) Well 1 1(a)(iii) Park & ride (all year/seasonal) 1 1(a)(iv) 40 (m) 1 1(b)(i) 3.35 – 3.45 (km) 1 1(b)(ii) 296436 1 1(c)(i) Smithstone plantation/coniferous trees/non–coniferous trees/woodland 1 Accept bracken, heath or rough grassland 1(c)(ii) Quarry/other pit/other pit or quarry (disused) 1 1(c)(iii) Rises to hill topping between 101 and 109 m; 2 Ends at 91 – 99 m in west. 1(d) Uneven; 3 Isolated/sparse/scattered/dispersed; East/south-east/to the east of Kilwinning/Corsehillmuir Wood Nature Reserve; Edge/border of the built-up area (of Kilwinning)/south-west/west of Kilwinning; Clusters/stands/pockets/strips; Some areas in north-west/north/north-east/south-west; Along/next to/near railways/roads; Along/next to/near river/Lugton Water; In valley; In quarry. 1(e) Site: 7 Low(er) land; Gently sloping; Next to river/river flowing through/water supply/Lugton Water; Bridging point/bridge; Defensive site; Nodal point/route centre/junction of main roads/junction of railways. Function: Residential/housing; Education/schools/academy; Market town/trading Industry/industrial estate; (Formerly) mining/(disused) mine; Recreation/leisure/sports; Tourism; Cultural/religious/history; Transport/park and ride/rail station. Note: 2 marks reserve for site or function.

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2023

1 Study the map extract for the Puy de Dôme, France. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the centre of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 99 00 71 71 A 70 70 C B C C Puy de Couleyras F 69 69 D E 68 68 99 00 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the type of road at E. … [1] (b) Give the six-figure grid reference of the peak of the Puy de Couleyras at F, shown on Fig. 1.1. Tick (3) one box below. Tick (3) 690991 691990 692990 991690 993690 [1] (c) Locate the Puy de Dôme (972687) in the south-west of the map. Using evidence from the map, identify two ways that tourists could descend from its peak. 1 … 2 … [2] (d) There are two other peaks in the north-west of the map: le Cliersou (968712) and Puy Pariou (977714). (i) What is the compass direction from the peak of the Puy de Dôme to the peak of le Cliersou? … [1] (ii) What is the distance between the peaks of the Puy de Dôme and the Puy Pariou? … metres [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the peak of the Puy de Dôme to the peak of the Puy Pariou. … degrees [1] (e) Describe the relief of the Puy de Dôme. … … … … … [2] (f) Fig. 1.2 shows an area in the north of the map. 01 02 03 72 72 A B 71 71 01 02 03 Fig. 1.2 The table lists some of the features of the two grid squares, A and B, in Fig. 1.2. Complete the table by putting ticks (3) in the correct four boxes. Use one tick only for each row. feature grid square grid square both neither A B grid squares grid square a Christian religious building land over 800 m above sea level a fountain a temporary water course [4] (g) Describe the site of the settlement of Royat in the south-east of the map. … … … … … … … … [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) golf (course). 1 1(a)(ii) power line/electricity line. 1 1(a)(iii) deciduous forest. 1 1(a)(iv) entrance to underground excavation/cave entrance museum/musée. 1 =0 Cave. 1(a)(v) regional road/D68. 1 =0 Main road. For question (a) credit first answer given in each part. 1(b) 991690. 1 1(c) footpath/walking; 2 paragliding/hang-gliding; (accept hand-gliding) tourist train (train touristic)/by train/railway; using the road (other road)/driving. =0 main road bridle path /signposted trail cycle track skiing cable car. 1(d)(i) N/NNW. NW = 0 1 1(d)(ii) 2750(m) (tolerance 2550–2850 m). 1 1(d)(iii) 12° (tolerance 9–16°). 1 For question (d) credit first answer given in each part. 1(e) conical/cone-shaped; 2 steep; concave sides (or description); 1465 m high; mountain/mountainous/hill(s)/hilly rocky; gentler/less steep to north / steeper to south; flatter on top. ^ 1465. =0 High. 1(f) 4 grid grid both neither feature square square grid grid A B squares square a Christian religious building ✓ land >800 m above sea level ✓ a fountain ✓ a temporary water course ✓ 1(g) in a valley/on valley floor/built between hills; 3 narrow (valley); steep sides (valley); grown up more than one valley/at confluence (of two valleys)/route focus/ nodal point/many roads connect at Royat; linear; follows/along/next to/near/close to road(s)/(D68); follows/along/next to/near/close to river/la Tinetaine; sloping (gradient) (ignore steep/gentle, e.g. on steep/gentle slopes =1); below 600 m/at approximately 500 m/accept any figure between 500 and 600 m. ^ U/V shaped located in a hilly area many road connections (TV) river/road goes through/present around a road river flows in the settlement. =0 on a steep area (needs reference to slope) on highland/on lowland temporary watercourse.

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2024

1 Study the map extract for Panzendorf, in the Tyrol region of Europe. The scale is 1 : 25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south-east of the map extract. 06 07 08 79 79 A D B C 78 78 E 77 77 06 07 08 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) the name of the river at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the height above sea level of the spot height at E. … metres [1] (b) Find the settlements of Tassenbach and Tessenberg in the central part of the map extract. (i) Compare the height above sea level and slopes of the two settlements. Tassenbach Tessenberg height … … above sea level … … … … slopes … … [2] (ii) Compare the transport infrastructure of the two settlements. … … … … [2] (c) Find main road 100, which passes through the main settlement at Panzendorf. (i) Measure the distance along the road from where it meets the western edge of the map to the main road junction in Tassenbach. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the point where main road 100 meets the western edge of the map to the main road junction in Tassenbach? … [1] (iii) Measure the compass bearing from the point where main road 100 meets the western edge of the map to the main road junction in Tassenbach. … degrees [1] (iv) Give the six-figure grid reference of the main road junction in Tassenbach. … [1] (d) Study the relief and drainage of the area north of northing 81. Which five of the following statements describe the relief and drainage of this area? Tick only five boxes. tick (✔) There is a flood plain. There are north-facing slopes. There is land over 1400 m. There is a plateau. There are steep slopes. There are V-shaped valleys. Rivers flow east. Rivers flow north. Rivers flow south. There are small rivers. [5] (e) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 78 from 040780 to 070780. 1700 1700 1600 1600 metres metres 1500 1500above above sea sea 1400 1400 level level 1300 1300 0 0 040780 070780 Fig. 1.2 The cross-section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [2] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Gailbach 1 1(a)(ii) Spring 1 1(a)(iii) Path (with signs) 1 1(a)(iv) Refreshment point/Schöne Aussicht 1 1(a)(v) 1660 (metres) 1 1(b)(i) Height 2 Tassenbach low and Tessenberg high; Tassenbach 1079 m and Tessenberg 1340 m; (allow 1050–1100/1250–1350.) Tassenbach lower/Tessenberg higher; Slopes Tassenbach gentle/flat and Tessenberg steep; Tassenbach gentler/flat/Tessenberg steeper. Must be comparative Reserve 1 mark for height and 1 mark for slopes 1(b)(ii) 2 Tassenbach Tessenberg Main road Minor road/no main road Both have minor roads/other roads Both have junctions Tassenbach has a main road junction vs. Tessenberg has a minor road junction = 2 marks Railway/line/station No railway/line/station Bus stop(s) No bus stop(s) Larger river(s) Smaller river(s) Allow both have rivers Allow both have rivers Cycle track No cycle track No mountain bike route Mountain bike route 1(c)(i) 2450 m 1 (allow tolerance 2350–2550 m.) 1(c)(ii) East/E 1 1(c)(iii) 94°–96° 1 1(c)(iv) 063803 1 063804 064803 064804 1(d) There is land over 1400 m; 5 There are steep slopes; There are V-shaped valleys; Rivers flow south; There are small rivers. 1(e) One mark for higher valley (left side), one mark for lower valley (right side), 2 with ridge in middle.

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2024

3 Table 3.1 shows the settlement hierarchy of a district in Antrim, Northern Ireland. Table 3.1 position in settlement type of settlement number of settlements hierarchy main town (MT) 3 high small town (ST) 5 village (V) 10 small settlement (SS) 17 low (a) (i) Use information from Table 3.1 to complete Fig. 3.1 by plotting the number of small towns. [1] Content removed due to copyright restrictions. Fig. 3.1 (ii) Describe the relationship between the number of settlements and their position in the settlement hierarchy. … … [1] (b) Table 3.2 shows population size, type of settlement and its position in the settlement hierarchy for selected settlements. Table 3.2 type of position in name of settlement population size settlement hierarchy Ballymena 29 500 high Carrickfergus 28 000 main town Larne 18 700 Ahoghill 3 400 Broughshane 2 900 Cullybackey 2 500 small town Greenisland 5 500 Whitehead 3 800 Ballycarry 981 Ballygalley 821 Ballystrudder 992 Cargan 588 Carnlough 1 512 village Clough 220 Glenarm 568 Kells and Connor 2 053 Martinstown 345 Portglenone 1 174 low (i) Using Table 3.2, describe the relationship between position in the settlement hierarchy and population size. … … [1] (ii) What is unusual about the population size of the village of Kells and Connor? … … [1] (c) Fig. 3.2 shows the locations of the settlements in Table 3.2. Content removed due to copyright restrictions. Fig. 3.2 (i) The town of Ballymena has the largest sphere of influence of all the settlements shown. Using evidence from Fig. 3.2 and Table 3.2 only, suggest two reasons for this. 1 … … 2 … … [2] (ii) Large areas of the district shown in Fig. 3.2 have no settlements. Suggest two reasons for this. 1 … … 2 … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a)(i) Correct plot of 5 small towns. 1 3(a)(ii) Inverse/negative relationship; 1 The higher the number of settlements the lower in the hierarchy/the lower the number of settlements the higher in the hierarchy. 3(b)(i) (Weak) positive relationship; 1 The higher in the hierarchy the more the population/the lower in the hierarchy the less the population. 3(b)(ii) Larger population (than expected); 1 High population but low in hierarchy. 3(c)(i) Largest population/therefore (more) services/businesses; 2 Central position; Surrounded by (several) small towns/villages/small settlements; Route focus (allow junction of several main roads)/6 roads/(main) roads/road junctions/can reach from all directions. 3(c)(ii) Few/no roads/inaccessible/remote; 2 Highland/mountains/steep slopes; Poor soils/agriculture; Important land for agriculture; (Note: allow agriculture only once.) Low-lying land subject to flooding; Lack of water (supply)/sewage/sanitation/electricity/gas; Marshland/swamps.

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2024

1 Study the map extract for Toblach Dobbiaco, Italy. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north‑east of the map extract. 87 88 89 81 81 Wahlen Valle S. Silvestro D A 80 80 B C 79 79 87 88 89 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) the name of river A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the spot height at D. … metres [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows an area in the west of the map at Graubőden. Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the east of the map at Toblacher Felder. Study both areas and answer the following questions. 85 86 88 89 80 80 79 79 T O B L ACHER FEL D E R EN GRAUBŐD 79 79 78 78 85 86 88 89 Fig. 1.2 Fig. 1.3 The following table compares the features of both areas. Complete the table by putting ticks (3) in the correct five boxes. Use only one tick for each row. area in Fig. 1.2 area in Fig. 1.3 at both of neither of at Graubőden Toblacher Felder these areas these areas parking camping main road mostly flat mostly gently sloping [5] (c) Find the railway which runs across the map from west to east. (i) What is the distance along the railway from the western edge of the map to Toblach Dobbiaco railway station (879783)? Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from where the railway meets the western edge of the map to Toblach Dobbiaco railway station (879783). … degrees [1] (iii) Give the six‑figure grid reference of the place where main road 51 passes over the railway, 300 m west of the station. … [1] (d) Fig. 1.4 is a cross‑section along northing 76 from 860760 to 890760, through the Toblacher See / L. di Dobbiaco lake. 2000 2000 X 1800 1800 1600 1600 metres above metres above sea level 1400 1400 sea level 1200 1200 1000 1000 0 0 860760 890760 Fig. 1.4 (i) Identify the vegetation at X. … [1] (ii) The cross‑section shown in Fig. 1.4 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.4 to complete the cross-section. Label the lake on your cross‑section. [2] (e) Look at the main settlement at Toblach Dobbiaco (8779, 8879). (i) Which one of the following has helped the settlement to grow? Tick (3) one box. tick (3) fishing north facing slopes motorway road junction [1] (ii) Which one of the following has not helped the settlement to grow? Tick (3) one box. tick (3) meeting of valleys mining south facing slopes tourism [1] (f) Study the area in the south‑west of the map shown in Fig. 1.5. 85 86 87 77 77 76 76 75 75 85 86 87 Fig. 1.5 Which three of the following statements describe the relief and drainage of the area shown in Fig. 1.5? Tick (3) only three boxes. tick (3) Some land is over 2000 m. Most land is below 1000 m. There are cliffs and very steep slopes. There is a plateau. There is a flood plain. There are large rivers. There are small streams. There are meanders. There is a delta. [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (R. S.) Silvestro 1 1(a)(ii) Mule-track or wide easy path with signs 1 1(a)(iii) Minor road 1 1(a)(iv) 1468 (m) 1 Note: also allow 1458 (m) 1(b) 5 Area in Fig. Area in Fig. 1.3 Both of Neither of 1.2 Graubőden Toblacher Felder these areas these areas parking  camping  main  road mostly  flat mostly gently  sloping 1(c)(i) 3150–3350 (metres) 1 Note: Allow 3.15–3.35 km 1(c)(ii) 113–115 (degrees) 1 1(c)(iii) 876784 1 877784 1(d)(i) Wood 1 1(d)(ii) Valley with lowest point 1150–1300 m to include the bottom of the lake. 2 Note: no part of the drawn section should rise above 1400 m. Lake/lake name labelled with arrow OR flat area for lake if no label; Note: must be between 49–53 and 59–63 mm from western edge of cross section. Note: The lake’s edges must be clearly defined if no label and each side must fall within the measurements given (49–63 mm). 1(e)(i) Road junction 1 1(e)(ii) Mining 1 1(f) Land over 2000 m; 3 Cliffs and very steep slopes; Small streams.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2024

3 Study Figs. 3.1 and 3.2 (Insert), which show settlements in two rural areas. (a) Identify the type of settlement pattern shown in each photograph. Fig. 3.1 … Fig. 3.2 … [2] (b) Describe the houses shown in Fig. 3.1. … … … … … … … … [4] (c) Using Figs. 3.1 and 3.2, give evidence which suggests that farming is taking place in areas of steep relief. … … … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) Fig. 3.1 linear. 2 Fig. 3.2 dispersed/isolated/scattered. 3(b) 2/3/4/5 storeys/multiple stories/floors/more than one storey/tall/high; 4 Apartments/flats; Similar (design or size); Concrete/cement; Different colours/bright/colourful/red/blue/white/yellow/ green/brown; Rectangular/cubic/square; Flat /pitched/slanting/terracotta/tiled/mixed types of roofs; Terraced houses/some detached; Balconies/terraces; Gardens; Many windows. 3(c) Contour ploughing; 2 Terracing/(farming) in layers/different levels/steps; Grass strips/rows; Banks/walls to support plots/retain water/use of bunds.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2024

1 Study the map extract for the Badia de Roses, Spain. The scale is 1 : 25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north-west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. 10 11 12 13 81 81 A B F C P D E 80 80 10 11 12 13 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the height of the land at B … metres [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the type of road at E. … [1] (b) Identify the six-figure grid reference of the car park at F on Fig. 1.1. Tick (✓) one box. tick (✓) 128804 128805 803127 808124 [1] (c) Study the area to the east of easting 14. Using evidence from the map, identify three features which show this area is of historical importance. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (d) Fig. 1.2 shows four roundabouts on the C260 National Road before it enters Roses. Locate these on the map extract. 11 12 13 14 80 80 1 2 C260 3 4 79 79 11 12 13 14 Fig. 1.2 (i) What is the compass direction from roundabout 2 to roundabout 4? … [1] (ii) What is the distance along the C260 road between roundabout 1 and roundabout 4? … metres [1] (iii) Measure the compass bearing from roundabout 1 to roundabout 4. … degrees [1] (e) Study Figs. 1.3 and 1.4. Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the south-west of the map at Empuriabrava. Fig. 1.4 shows an area near the centre of the map at Santa Margarida. 10 11 12 13 78 78 80 80 Empuriabrava Santa Margarida 77 77 79 79 10 11 12 13 Fig. 1.3 Fig. 1.4 Table 1.1 compares the features of both areas. Complete the table by putting ticks (✓) in the correct four boxes. Use only one tick for each row. Table 1.1 feature area in area in both of these neither of Fig. 1.3 Fig. 1.4 areas these areas at Empuriabrava at Santa Margarida campsite hotel museum petrol station [4] (f) Study the coastline to the west of easting 14 and to the east of easting 15. Compare the natural features of the two coastal areas. … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Rural tourism house 1 La Torre 1(a)(ii) 39 (m) 1 1(a)(iii) Marsh/swamp/pond 1 1(a)(iv) Town limit 1 1(a)(v) Regional/local 1 1(b) 128804 1 1(c) Archaeological remains; 3 Castle; Closed quarry; Dolmen/menhir; Historical set; Ruined church; Vil. La Romana/Roman villa/village/settlement. 1(d)(i) East-south-east/ESE 1 1(d)(ii) 2500 m (tolerance 2400 – 2600 m) 1 1(d)(iii) 105° (tolerance 103–107°) 1 1(e) 4 feature grid square grid square Both grid neither 1077 1279 squares grid square Campsite  hotel  museum  petrol station  1(f) More beaches/sand/mud/deposition to west/less to east; 4 Wide(r)/large(r)/(long(er) beach(es) to the west v narrow(er)/small(er)/short(er) to the east; Beaches face south-east in west v face south-west in east OR west coast is south-west to north-east v east coast is north-west to south-east; Straight(er)/smooth(er)/(gently) curved coastline to the west v jagged/indented/ more curved to the east; Flat(ter) land to the west v steep(er) land to the east; Coast low(er) to the west v high(er) to the east; Shallow(er) sea in the west v deep(er) sea in the east; River(s) enter the sea in the west v no rivers in the east; Wide(r)/large(r) bay in west v small(er) bays/coves to east; Spit(s) in west v none in east; No headlands/cliffs in the west v headlands/cliffs in the east; No islands/stacks/stumps/reefs in west v there are…in east; No rocks to the west v rocky to the east; West has more ponds/small lakes v none in the east; West is constructive/depositional v east is destructive/erosional. Note: Mark as it comes – answers may be in separate paragraphs but use LNK symbol. Must be comparative. Credit only features of the coastal area.

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2024

1 Study the map extract for Wimereux, France. The scale is 1 : 25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the west of the map extract. 02 03 04 05 26 26 E A 25 25 B F 24 24 D C 23 23 02 03 04 05 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the height above sea level of the spot height at C … metres [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the land use at E. … [1] (b) Give the six‑figure grid reference of the spring F shown in Fig. 1.1. … [1] (c) Identify three tourist services along the coastline. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (d) Study the coastline on the western edge of the map extract. (i) What is the distance (in metres) along the coastline between Pointe aux Oies and Pointe de la Rochette? Tick (✓) one box. tick (✓) 550 m 1150 m 1550 m 2050 m [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from Pointe aux Oies to the leisure area in grid square 0224? … [1] (e) Fig. 1.2 is a cross‑section along easting 07 from 070240 in the south to 070260 in the north. X Y south north 120 120 100 100 80 80 metres above sea level 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 0 070240 070260 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross‑section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross‑section. [1] (f) Study the settlement of Wimereux. Describe the site of the settlement and give reasons for its growth. … … … … … … … … … … … … [6] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Motorway 1 1(a)(ii) River 1 1(a)(iii) 54 m 1 1(a)(iv) Mont Rouge/(deciduous) wood/woodland/forest 1 1(a)(v) Industrial 1 1(b) 046247 1 046248 1(c) Tourist information centre; 3 Water sports; Bathing place; Seaside resort/resort with tourist interest. 1(d)(i) 1150 m 1 1(d)(ii) SE/SSE 1 1(e)(i) Secondary road/D242 1 1(e)(ii) Signposted route of hiking/GR de Pays/Tour du Boulonnais/other road 1 1(e)(iii) Correct plot to 55 m 1 (NOTE allow 50–59 m) 1(f) Low relief; 6 Gently sloping land; Easy to build/agriculture; Coastal; Trade/fishing/tourism; Jobs; River/wet point site; Source of water/trade/agriculture/fertile soil; Road/rail links; Trade/transport/access/communication; Forest/wood; Fuel/heating/building material; Fort; Defence; Industry; Jobs; NOTE Reserve 2 marks for reasons for growth. Allow trade/jobs only once.

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2024

1 Study the map extract for Olang Valdaora, Italy. The scale is 1 : 25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north-west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. 71 72 73 86 86 B D 85 85 C A 84 84 71 72 73 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the name of river A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the spot height at D. … metres [1] (b) Find the railway which crosses the map. Describe the route of the railway. … … … … … … [3] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 83 from 710830 to 740830. 1500 1500 1400 1400 1300 X Y 1300 metres metres above 1200 1200 above sea sea 1100 1100level level 1000 1000 900 900 0 0 710830 740830 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Name the settlement at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross-section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [1] (d) Find minor road 44, shown in yellow in the north-east of the map extract. (i) Measure the distance along the road from the junction with the main road at Wegmacher to where it meets the east edge of the map at 749857. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Measure the compass bearing from the junction with the main road at Wegmacher to where the road meets the east edge of the map at 749857. … degrees [1] (iii) Give the compass direction from the junction with the main road at Wegmacher to where the road meets the east edge of the map at 749857. … [1] (iv) Give the six-figure grid reference of the junction with the main road at Wegmacher. … [1] (e) Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the south of the map extract. Describe the relief and drainage of this area. 72 73 74 82 82 81 81 80 80 72 73 74 Fig. 1.3 relief … … … … … … drainage … … … … … … [6] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (F.) Rienza 1 1(a)(ii) Main road/49 1 1(a)(iii) Path with signs 1 1(a)(iv) 1412 (metres) 1 1(b) North-west – south-east/east or vice-versa OR travels NW/SE/E/ESE; (NOTE 3 where a series of directions are given take the first and last. If only one direction given, it must be the direction it is going to.) Winding/bends/zigzag/curves/meanders; In valley; On lowland/avoids hills; On flatter/gentle(r)/avoids steep(er) land; Passes Niederolang/passes through/by/goes to Niederolang/a settlement in 7283/passes by/near/to the north of Olang Valdaora/Mitterolang; Crosses/goes above/under/through bridges OR goes over/under roads/over rivers; Follows course of river/along/near river/S/SW of river. 1(c)(i) River or stream/Rio Furcia/Furkelbach/other road/path/minor road 1 1(c)(ii) Mitterolang/Valdaora di mezzo/Moar/Tharer or Maier Moar Tharer 1 1(c)(iii) Land rising steadily to above 1350 m but below 1450 m; 1 (NOTE should touch the left-hand axis. Allow a slight hump/dip.) 1(d)(i) 1750–2000(metres) 1 1(d)(ii) 28–30 (degrees) 1 1(d)(iii) North north-east 1 1(d)(iv) 741 841 1 1(e) Relief 6 High/upland/mountain/hilly; (NOTE allow hill/mountainous) Steep OR gentle(r) to the north/steep(er) to the south; Spur(s); V-shaped valleys/small valleys; Highest point 1780–1799 m; Lowest point 1100–1108 m; Lower in north/higher in south/descending to north; North facing; Cliff. Drainage Small river(s)/stream(s); Tributary(ies)/confluence(s) Flow N/NE; Spring(s); Intermittent stream(s). NOTE Reserve 2 marks for relief and 2 marks for drainage.

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2024

3 Table 3.1 shows the settlement hierarchy of Copeland District in northern England. Table 3.1 Content removed due to copyright restrictions. (a) Describe the relationship between: (i) rank and population size … … [1] (ii) rank and amount of settlements. … … [1] (b) Identify one service found in the small towns but not in the villages. … … [1] (c) Fig. 3.1 shows the distribution of the settlements listed in Table 3.1. N 9 13 1.Whitehaven 15 5 10 12 14 2.Cleator Moor 7 8 17 3.Egremont 18 6 16 Irish Sea Key 0 10 km district boundary main road principal town and key centres 11 4.Millom4.Millom 16 village Fig. 3.1 (i) Describe the distribution of settlements shown in Fig. 3.1. … … … … … … [3] (ii) Suggest reasons for the distribution of settlements shown in Fig. 3.1. … … … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a)(i) Positive relationship; 1 Directly proportional; High(er) rank = high(er) population/low(er) rank = low(er) population. 3(a)(ii) Negative relationship; 1 Inversely proportional; High(er) rank = low(er) number/low(er) rank = high(er) number, 3(b) Comparison shops; 1 Secondary school. NOTE Only credit services named in Table 3.1. 3(c)(i) Uneven distribution; 3 In N/NW/WNW/more in N than S; In W/near the coast;(close to coast needs more than one settlement) Large areas with no settlement/centre has no settlements; Isolated area/few/one town/Millom/two settlements/one village in S/SE some/many inland; On/along/at the side of/near the (main) road/main towns at junction of (main) roads; Around/surrounding/close to/near Whitehaven. NOTE. Allow town/principal town and key centre as interchangeable. 3(c)(ii) Mineral wealth/mining or named mineral; 2 Water supply; Flat/gently sloping land/low land/avoiding highland/steep slopes; Better/fertile soils; Manufacturing industry by main road for accessibility to services/markets/ports/for trade/schools/transfer of goods/hospitals; Whitehaven/St Bees/Seascale/on coast/access to sea for trade/exports/imports/transfer of goods/shipping routes/fishing/ ports/harbours; Tourism; By principal towns/key centres/Whitehaven for the availability of services/schools/hospitals/large shops/high(er) order shops/range of goods/employment. NOTE Do not double credit e.g. for services/named services/trade.

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2024

1 Study the map extract for Sabbio Chiese, Italy. The scale is 1 : 25 000. (a) Study Fig. 1.1, which shows some of the features in the north of the map extract. 11 12 13 14 60 60 E A 59 59 C 58 58 F D B 57 57 11 12 13 14 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) the name of the river at B … [1] (iii) the height above sea level of the spot height at C … metres [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the name of the settlement at E. … [1] (b) Give the six-figure grid reference of the trigonometric point, F, shown in Fig. 1.1. … [1] (c) Find the settlement of Pavone in grid square 1156. (i) What is the settlement pattern of Pavone? Tick (✓) one box below. tick (✓) linear nucleated dispersed [1] (ii) Give a reason for this settlement pattern. … … [1] (d) Find the yellow provincial road 237 in the north-west of the map extract. (i) What is the distance in metres along the yellow provincial road 237 between the roundabout (circle) in grid square 0958 and the northern edge of the map extract? Tick (✓) one box below. tick (✓) 1000 m 1400 m 1800 m 2200 m [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the roundabout (circle) in grid square 0958 to the parking in Sabbio Chiese? … [1] (e) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 58 from 090580 to 110580. X Y 450 450 400 400 350 350 metres metres above 300 300 above sea level sea level 250 250 200 200 0 0 090580 110580 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross-section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [2] (f) Study the river flowing between Barghe and Sabbio Chiese. Describe the physical (natural) features of the river and its valley. Do not refer to land use beside the river. river … … … … … … … valley … … … … … … … [6] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Tarred road 1 1(a)(ii) Sibla 1 1(a)(iii) 560 1 1(a)(iv) Path with signs 1 1(a)(v) Mastanico 1 1(b) 121 575 1 1(c)(i) Linear 1 1(c)(ii) Along/on/next to/in/by the road/river/valley 1 Between river and steep slopes 1(d)(i) 1800 m 1 1(d)(ii) SE/SSE 1 1(e)(i) River/F Chiese/difficult path/boundary of the municipality 1 1(e)(ii) Main road (with 2 and 4 lanes) 1 1(e)(iii) Peak at 450 m (440–460m) 2 Meets left axis at 300–350m 1(f) River: 6 Flowing S/SSE/SE or from N/NNW/NW; Variable width; Islands/splits and rejoins/eyot; Tributaries/confluence; Meandering; Straight sections. Valley: Steep (sides); Flat (floor/in the valley)/flat land on (both) sides of river; Flood plain; U-shaped; Narrow; Variable width; N/NNW/NW – S/SSE/SE direction; NOTE Reserve 2 marks for each

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2024

3 Study Fig. 3.1 (Insert), which shows a rural settlement in France, Europe. (a) Using Fig. 3.1, explain the factors that may have influenced the site of this rural settlement. … … … … … … … … [4] (b) Study Fig. 3.2, which shows the relationship between size of population and the number of services within each settlement. capitalcapital citycity regionalregional centrecentre largelarge towntown number of services smallsmall towntown villagevillage hamlethamlet size of population Fig. 3.2 Using Fig. 3.2, describe the relationship between size of population and the number of services within each settlement. … … [1] (c) Low-order services are found in rural settlements. (i) Which of the following is a low-order service. Tick (✓) one box below. tick (✓) hospital shoe shop primary school [1] (ii) Explain why low-order services have a small sphere of influence … … have a low threshold population. … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 3(a) (Relief) – gently sloping land easier to build on/farm; 4 (Aspect) – sunny side of the valley; (Shelter) – within the valley and sheltered from wind/rain; (Defence) – high land/cliff from which to defend settlement; Stone useful for building/jobs in quarrying/mining; Wood useful for building/fuel; Road can be used for transport/communication/access/trade. 3(b) Positive (correlation); 1 Higher population, the more services/lower population, the fewer services; High population has high services and low population has low services. 3(c)(i) Primary school 1 3(c)(ii) Small sphere of influence – people not prepared to travel far for low order 2 services / there are lots of them/low-cost items/used frequently don’t merit travel; Low threshold population – few people needed to justify the provision of low order services/used frequently so need less customer/small number of people/income provides business with enough profit.

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2024

1 Study the map extract for Lysefjorden, Norway. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north-west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions. 30 31 32 33 36 36 E A B 35 35 C D 34 34 33 33 30 31 32 33 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the land use at B … [1] (iii) the type of road at C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the trigonometric point at D. … [1] (b) Give the six-figure grid reference of the swimming place at E, shown on Fig. 1.1. Tick (3) one box. You should use the middle of the symbol to make your judgement. tick (3) 309358 308356 317558 358307 [1] (c) Locate the trigonometric points at 597 m in grid square 3128 and at 440 m in grid square 3430 in the south-west of the map extract. (i) What is the compass direction from the trigonometric point at 597 m to the trigonometric point at 440 m? … [1] (ii) What is the distance between the trigonometric point at 597 m to the trigonometric point at 440 m? … kilometres [1] (iii) What is the compass bearing from the trigonometric point at 597 m to the trigonometric point at 440 m? … degrees [1] (d) Study the map extract west of easting 33. Identify three services used by tourists. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (e) The table compares the settlements of Oanes in grid square 3133 and also Forsand and Rettedal, which are near the centre of the map. (i) Complete the table for Oanes by putting a tick (3) or a cross (x) in each box. settlement Oanes Forsand Rettedal dominant building 3 x farm house 3 3 dwelling house 3 3 [2] (ii) Look again at the map extract. Which of the three settlements is the most important in the settlement hierarchy? … [1] (f) Study the River Espedalsåna from 406323 to 357280 in the south-east of the map. Describe the physical features of the river. … … … … … … [3] (g) Describe the route of the 491 road from grid square 3232 to grid square 4031. You should only refer to relief in your answer. 3232 to 3531 … … … 3530 to 3528 … … … 3628 to 4031 … … … [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (marked) footpath. 1 1(a)(ii) cultivated area/farming/cultivation. 1 1(a)(iii) Euroroute/national road/County road. 1 1(a)(iv) 147 m. 1 For (a)--(iv) credit first answer given. 1(b) 308356. 1 1(c)(i) NE. 1 1(c)(ii) 3.5 km (tolerance 3.4–3.6 km). 1 If answer is given in metres, km must be crossed out and replaced with metres. 1(c)(iii) 40 ° (tolerance 39 °–42 °). 1 1(d) information; 3 (car) ferry; car park/parking; camping cabins/camp site cabins; caravan site/camp site = 0 nature reserve/conservation area; swimming (place/pool); marked footpath; viewpoint. Allow any 3 correct answers. = 0 hotel. 1(e)(i) 2 settlement Oanes Forsand Rettedal dominant building x ✓ x farm house ✓ ✓ ✓ dwelling house ✓ ✓ ✓ All 3 correct for 2 marks. 2 or 1 correct for 1 mark. 1(e)(ii) Forsand (has a dominant building and a church). 1 1(f) • meanders/bends/curves/winds/zig-zags; 3 • islands/eyots/braiding; • flows from NE/to SW/mouth is to the SW; • variable width/gets wider/narrower/widens; • enters lake/Hogsfjorden/sea (near Helle); • tributaries/confluences. = ^ tributaries towards the SE/flow SE. = 0 oxbow lakes, joining The Helle. 1(g) 3232 to 3531 on flat(ter)/plain/gentle land/on/between gentle gradient/on 3 lowland/between hills/in/on valley floor; avoids steep slopes = 0 3530 to 3528 along/through valley/ between/avoids hills / by the lake side/ on flatter land (next to steep areas) /along the coast/on gentler land; between the valleys = 0; towards/meets the coast / gentle slope = ^ 3628 to 4031 at the base of steep slopes/follows/along/follows (river) valley/valley floor/parallel/to river/ flat(ter)/plain land next to steep areas/flat(ter)/plain land to its SE/E/on gentle gradient/on low(er) land; near/river/lake/water body/N of Espedals lake = 0 No credit for reference to the direction the road takes. Allow flatter land (near to steep areas) only twice. Reserve 1 for each section.

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2025

1 Study the map extract for Kungsbacka, Sweden. The scale is 1 : 50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north-east of the map extract. 27 28 29 30 82 82 A C F 81 81 B 80 80 G E D 79 79 27 28 29 30 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) type of road at D … [1] (v) the land use at E … [1] (vi) the height above sea level of the spot height at F. … metres [1] (b) Give the six-figure grid reference of the road junction G, shown in Fig. 1.1. Tick (3) one box. tick (3) 280815 803265 275793 795273 [1] (c) Study the settlement of Kungsbacka. Suggest reasons for its growth. … … … … … … … … … … [5] (d) Identify three services provided for locals in Kungsbacka. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (e) Find the river Kungsbackaån. Describe the features of the river Kungsbackaån. … … … … … … [3] (f) Study the settlement of Anneberg in the north of the map extract. (i) What is the distance (in kilometres) along the railway line between the station in Anneberg and the station in grid square 2578? … kilometres [1] (ii) What is the compass bearing from the railway station in Anneberg to the railway station in grid square 2578? … [1] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Parish church 1 1(a)(ii) River/Lillan 1 1(a)(iii) Hiking trail 1 1(a)(iv) Private road with barrier 1 1(a)(v) Marsh/peat cutting 1 1(a)(vi) 27 (metres) 1 1(b) 275793 1 1(c) • Lowland/below 35m; 5 • Gentle(r)/flatter slopes; • River (Kungsbackan) (accept Söderan river); • Coast(al)/close/access to sea/marina/port/dock/edge of lake; • Motorway; • Many roads (in centre)/route focus/road junction; • Railway/train station; • Forest; • Arable/crop land; • Space for industry/industrial area; • Valley floor/confluence of valleys. 1(d) • (Parish/other) church; 3 • Sports ground; • Football ground; • Trotting track; • Marina; • Railway/train station; • Cemetery; • Golf course. 1(e) • Flowing south; 3 • Tributaries/confluences; • Meanders (in north); • Straight (in south/Kungsbacka); • Bridged; • Variable width/widens; • Mouth/enters sea/lake at Svinholmen. 1(f)(i) 3.1 km (allow 3.0–3.2) 1 1(f)(ii) 201° (allow 200–203°) 1

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2025

1 Study the map extract for the Île d’Oléron, France. The scale is 1 : 50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north of the map extract. 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 84 84 B C D 83 P 83 A 82 82 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the type of road at B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of point D. … metres [1] (b) Give the six-figure grid reference of the crossroads at point D shown in Fig. 1.1. Tick (✓) one box. tick (✓) 370832 342828 832370 842371 [1] (c) Find the museum at le Château-d’Oléron in grid square 4083 and the museum at Saint-Trojan-les-Bains in grid square 3978. (i) What is the straight-line distance from the museum at le Château-d’Oléron to the museum at Saint-Trojan-les-Bains? … metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the museum at le Château-d’Oléron to the museum at Saint-Trojan-les-Bains? … [1] (iii) Measure the compass bearing from the museum at le Château-d’Oléron to the museum Saint-Trojan-les-Bains. … degrees [1] (d) Study the map extract north of northing 82. Identify three different activities that can be done by tourists in this area and state the map evidence for each activity. One example has been done for you. activity map evidence e.g. cycling there is a cycle trail 1 2 3 [3] (e) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section across the Île d’Oléron along northing 78 from 360780 to 390780. 50 50 40 40 metres above metres above 30 30 sea level sea level 20 20 10 10 0 0 360780 390780 Fig. 1.2 (i) What is the main land-use along this cross-section? … [1] (ii) What is the maximum height of the land along the cross-section? … metres [1] (f) Identify three correct statements about the distribution of the settlements shown on the map extract. Tick (✓) three correct answers. tick (✓) mostly in the north evenly distributed linked by main roads more along the coast mostly in the east mostly on high land [3] (g) Describe the natural features of the west coast between Pointe de Gatseau in grid square 3773 and the northern edge of the map in grid square 3284. … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) car park/parking/parking area 1 1(a)(ii) secondary (road)/D26 1 1(a)(iii) water tower 1 1(a)(iv) 5(m) 1 1(b) 370 832 1 1(c)(i) 4650(m) (tolerance 4400–4900) Allow 4.4–4.9 km (km must be stated) 1 1(c)(ii) SSW 1 1(c)(iii) 199° (tolerance 196–201°) 1 1(d) 3 Activity Map evidence Camping Campsite Horse riding Horseback riding centre Sunbathing/relaxing/picnicking/ Beach/sand/sand dunes/seaside resort/plage Swimming sea/body of water/seaside resort Walking/hiking Footpath/trails/woods Visiting/going to/studying Museum Visiting/going to/sightseeing Castle/castle walls Yachting/sailing/boating/water Harbour/port sports Fishing Harbour/port/river Learning about the city/area Tourist information centre Note: 1 mark per completed row. Candidates may interchange relevant map evidence with the activity. 1(e)(i) Wood/brushwood 1 1(e)(ii) 19–23 metres 1 1(f) • (1st) mostly in the north; 3 • (4th) more along the coast; • (5th) mostly in the east. 1(g) • beach(es); 4 • beaches are wide/widest in middle/have variable width/wider in S/narrower in N/wet sand wider in S/wet sand narrower in N; • beaches (largely) covered at high tide/more wet sand than dry sand (area)/mostly wet sand; • beach/sand/wet sand along the (entire length of) coastline/la Grande Plage/ beach is long; • sand dunes; • more dry sand/sand-dunes in the central part; • low lying; • flat/quite flat/relatively flat; • rocks/rocky/rock outcrops/wave cut platform/rock extending into the sea/(more) rock in the north; • coastline is slightly curved/sand has a recurved end (in the south)/spit. Note: allow reference to grid squares/named places instead of N/S and central.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2025

1 Study the map extract for Pont-l’Abbé, France. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north-west of the map extract. 07 08 09 10 11 32 32 A F 31 31 B 30 30 D E 29 29 C 28 28 07 08 09 10 11 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) type of road at A … [1] (ii) settlement at B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the land use at D … [1] (v) feature E … [1] (vi) the height above sea level of the spot height at F. … metres [1] (b) What is the settlement pattern of Pont-l’Abbé? … [1] (c) Describe the site of the settlement at Pont-l’Abbé. … … … … … … [3] (d) Fig. 1.2 shows two areas, A and B, in the centre of the map extract. Study areas A and B. 09 10 11 28 27 A Pont-l’Abbé 26 26 la Palue B 25 24 11 12 13 Fig. 1.2 The table compares the features of areas A and B. Complete the table by putting ticks (✓) in the correct six boxes. Use only one tick for each row. area A area B both areas neither area harbour beacon signposted hiking trail museum notable site golf course [6] (e) Describe the drainage and water features to the south-east of Pont-l’Abbé. … … … … [2] (f) Study the area in the north of the map extract. (i) What is the distance (in kilometres) along the motorway from the northern edge of the map extract to the end of the motorway where it meets the main road? … kilometres [1] (ii) Give the six-figure grid reference of the junction where the motorway meets the main road. Tick (✓) one box. tick (✓) 107289 091273 099277 279097 [1] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Secondary road 1 1(a)(ii) Tremeoc/Tremeog 1 1(a)(iii) (Signposted) hiking trail/GR 34 (H) 1 1(a)(iv) (Perennial) body of water/lake/reservoir/dam/storage of water/water resources 1 1(a)(v) (Notable) chapel 1 1(a)(vi) 52 1 1(b) Nuclear/nucleated/clustered/radial 1 1(c) River/watercourse/body of water/lake/reservoir/water supply; 3 Gentle slope/(relatively) flat; Low land; (Nearby) forest/wood; Limited (to the east) by land liable to flood/tidal area/wet sand; Bridging point; Defensive; Many roads (in centre)/route focus/road junction; Harbour/anchorage/access to sea/port. 1(d) 6 Feature Area A Area B Both areas Neither area harbour √ beacon √ signposted hiking trail √ museum √ notable site √ golf course √ 1(e) Wet sand/marshland/tidal area; 2 Main river/De Pont-L’Abbé flows S/SE; Watercourses/intermittent streams/tributaries/confluences/underground canal; High drainage density; Estuary/delta/(river) mouth/flows to/links to sea; Body of water/lake/reservoir/etang; Water tower; Font; Harbour/anchorage. 1(f)(i) 4.9–5.2 1 1(f)(ii) 099277 1

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2025

1 Study the map extract for Dungarvan (Dún Garbhán), Ireland. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north of the map extract. 20 21 22 23 98 98 D 97 97 C B 96 96 A E 95 95 20 21 22 23 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the height above sea level of the triangulation pillar at C … metres [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the land use at E. … [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows two areas, A and B, in the north of the map extract. 24 25 98 98 A 97 97 B 96 96 24 25 Fig. 1.2 The following table compares the features of areas A and B. Complete the table by putting ticks in the correct six boxes. Use only one tick (3) for each row. both of these neither of area A area B areas these areas church land above 170 m stream track regional road electricity transmission line [6] (c) Identify the settlement pattern shown in grid square 2292. … [1] (d) Find the junction of the national secondary road with the national primary road close to the eastern edge of the map. (i) What is the six-figure grid reference of the junction? Tick (3) one box. tick (3) 276954 957278 278957 267968 [1] (ii) Measure the distance along the national secondary road from the junction to the western edge of the map. … km [1] (iii) Give the compass direction from the junction to where the road meets the western edge of the map. … [1] (e) (i) Locate the River Brickey (An Bhroice) in the south of the map. Describe the features of the river. … … … … … … [3] (ii) Describe the relief to the south of the river. … … … … [2] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (national) secondary 1 1(a)(ii) (Colligan) river 1 1(a)(iii) 176 1 1(a)(iv) parking 1 1(a)(v) coniferous/plantation 1 1(b) 6 area A area B both of neither of these these areas areas church ✓ land above 170 m ✓ stream ✓ track ✓ regional road ✓ electricity transmission ✓ line 1(c) linear 1 1(d)(i) 278 957 1 1(d)(ii) 8.9–9.2 1 1(d)(iii) west 1 1(e)(i) flows south-east 3 flat / gentle gradient tributary/confluence/another river joins straight sections/partly straight/relatively straight/straight in the west meandering river mouth/flows into an estuary/lake/bay/sea/body of water 1(e)(ii) hills/high/mountain(ous) 2 top/peak/summit steep N/NE/NNE facing slopes valley(s) saddle/col flat flood plain/next to river minimum height 0–10 m maximum height 240–263 m (allow any height within ranges)

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2025