Thermal properties and temperature — Paper 2 · IGCSE Physics 0625

16 Which quantity gives the thermal capacity of a solid object? A the energy lost by radiation from the object in 1.0 s B the energy needed to melt the object C the energy needed to raise the temperature of the object by 1.0 °C D the total amount of thermal energy in the object

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2016

17 To mark a temperature scale on a thermometer, standard temperatures known as fixed points are needed. Which of these is a fixed point on the Celsius scale? A room temperature B the temperature inside a freezer C the temperature of pure melting ice D the temperature of pure warm water

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2016

18 In an experiment, a liquid is heated at a constant rate. The temperature of the liquid increases and eventually becomes constant. Which statement about the experiment is correct? A Boiling occurs at all temperatures but only on the liquid surface. B Boiling occurs throughout the liquid but only at the constant temperature. C Evaporation occurs throughout the liquid and at all temperatures. D Evaporation occurs only at the constant temperature and only on the liquid surface.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2016

15 A beaker contains 0.500 kg of water at a temperature of 3.0 °C. The beaker is heated, and the internal energy of the water increases by 21.0 kJ. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C). What is the temperature of the water after it has been heated? A 5.5 °C B 10.0 °C C 13.0 °C D 31.5 °C

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2016

16 A substance loses thermal energy (heat) to the surroundings at a steady rate. The graph shows how the temperature of the substance changes with time. temperature P Q 0 0 time What could the portion PQ of the graph represent? A gas condensing B gas cooling C liquid cooling D liquid solidifying

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2016

17 A student wishes to check the upper and the lower fixed points on a Celsius scale thermometer. –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 °C She has four beakers P, Q, R and S. Beaker P contains a mixture of ice and salt. Beaker Q contains a mixture of ice and water. Beaker R contains boiling salt solution. Beaker S contains boiling water. Which two beakers should she use to check the fixed points? A P and R B P and S C Q and R D Q and S

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2016

14 Which statement describes what happens as ice at 0 °C starts to melt to become water? A Energy is absorbed and the temperature remains constant. B Energy is absorbed and the temperature rises. C Energy is released and the temperature remains constant. D Energy is released and the temperature rises.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2016

20 5.0 g of water at 25 °C is dropped onto a large block of ice at 0 °C. The water cools to 0 °C and some of the ice melts. Assume that all the energy lost by the water is gained by the ice. What is the mass of ice that melts? The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J / (g °C). The specific latent heat of fusion of ice is 340 J / g. A 0.062 g B 0.087 g C 1.5 g D 10 g

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2016

16 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. glass bulb tube stem °C –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 liquid liquid thread How can the thermometer be made more sensitive? A increase the internal diameter of the tube containing the liquid thread B increase the internal volume of the glass bulb and the volume of the liquid C increase the length of the tube and stem D increase the thickness of the glass in the glass bulb

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2016

17 In an experiment to measure specific heat capacity, a block of aluminium is heated and its rise in temperature is measured. The amount of energy gained by the block is E. The mass of the block is m. The rise in temperature of the block is ∆T. Which expression gives the specific heat capacity of aluminium? m m∆ T E E ∆ T A B C D E ∆ T E m ∆ T m

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2016

14 When a liquid evaporates, some of its molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid changes. Which row describes the escaping molecules and the change in temperature of the liquid? temperature of escaping molecules the liquid A less energetic goes down B less energetic goes up C more energetic goes down D more energetic goes up

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2016

16 A piece of melting ice at 0 °C and a beaker of boiling water are both in a laboratory. The laboratory is at 20 °C. boiling water melting ice Bunsen burner heating water What is happening to the temperature of the melting ice and what is happening to the temperature of the boiling water? temperature of temperature of melting ice boiling water A constant constant B constant increasing C increasing constant D increasing increasing

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2016

17 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. glass bulb tube stem °C –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 liquid liquid thread Which feature would give a thermometer with an increased range? A a smaller internal diameter of the tube containing the liquid thread B a thinner glass bulb C a larger length of the tube and stem D a larger volume of the liquid

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2016

18 A copper container of mass 0.20 kg contains 0.10 kg of water. The specific heat capacity of copper is 385 J / (kg °C) and the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C). How much energy, in joules, is needed to raise the temperature of the copper container and the water by 10 °C? A (0.20 × 385 × 10) – (0.10 × 4200 × 10) B (0.20 × 385 × 10) + (0.10 × 4200 × 10)  4200 + 385  C (0.10 + 0.20) ×   × 10  2  D (0.10 + 0.20) × (4200 + 385) × 10

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2016

15 A piece of melting ice at 0 °C and a beaker of boiling water are both in a laboratory. The laboratory is at 20 °C. boiling water melting ice Bunsen burner heating water What is happening to the temperature of the melting ice and what is happening to the temperature of the boiling water? temperature of temperature of melting ice boiling water A constant constant B constant increasing C increasing constant D increasing increasing

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2016

17 A copper container of mass 0.20 kg contains 0.10 kg of water. The specific heat capacity of copper is 385 J / (kg °C) and the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C). How much energy, in joules, is needed to raise the temperature of the copper container and the water by 10 °C? A (0.20 × 385 × 10) – (0.10 × 4200 × 10) B (0.20 × 385 × 10) + (0.10 × 4200 × 10)  4200 + 385  C (0.10 + 0.20) ×   × 10  2  D (0.10 + 0.20) × (4200 + 385) × 10

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2016

16 A piece of melting ice at 0 °C and a beaker of boiling water are both in a laboratory. The laboratory is at 20 °C. boiling water melting ice Bunsen burner heating water What is happening to the temperature of the melting ice and what is happening to the temperature of the boiling water? temperature of temperature of melting ice boiling water A constant constant B constant increasing C increasing constant D increasing increasing

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2016

17 A scientist has two thermometers available: a liquid-in-glass thermometer and a thermocouple thermometer. Which thermometer is better for measuring a very high temperature, and which thermometer is better for measuring a rapidly varying temperature? very high temperature rapidly varying temperature A liquid-in-glass liquid-in-glass B liquid-in-glass thermocouple C thermocouple liquid-in-glass D thermocouple thermocouple

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2016

18 A copper container of mass 0.20 kg contains 0.10 kg of water. The specific heat capacity of copper is 385 J / (kg °C) and the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C). How much energy, in joules, is needed to raise the temperature of the copper container and the water by 10 °C? A (0.20 × 385 × 10) – (0.10 × 4200 × 10) B (0.20 × 385 × 10) + (0.10 × 4200 × 10)  4200 + 385  C (0.10 + 0.20) ×   × 10  2  D (0.10 + 0.20) × (4200 + 385) × 10

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2016

14 At –39 °C, liquid mercury solidifies without a change of temperature. Which row shows whether the mercury absorbs or releases energy and what happens to the bonds between the mercury atoms? bonds between energy atoms A absorbed stronger B absorbed weaker C released stronger D released weaker

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2017

15 A model thermometer consists of a flask of coloured water and a stopper with a glass tube passing through it, as shown. glass tube temperature scale stopper flask coloured water The model thermometer can be changed in one of two ways. ● The flask can be replaced with a larger one full of coloured water. ● The glass tube can be replaced with one with a larger internal diameter. Which statement is correct? A Only using a larger flask increases the sensitivity. B Only using a wider tube increases the sensitivity. C Using a larger flask increases the sensitivity and using a wider tube increases the sensitivity. D Neither using a larger flask nor using a wider tube increases the sensitivity.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2017

16 A metal has a specific heat capacity of 360 J / (kg °C). An object made of this metal has a mass of 2.0 kg. What is the thermal capacity (heat capacity) of the object? A 180 J / °C B 180 J / kg C 720 J / °C D 720 J / kg

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2017

16 Equal masses of two different liquids are put into identical beakers. Liquid 1 is heated for 100 s and liquid 2 is heated for 200 s by heaters of the same power. Each liquid has the same rise in temperature. different liquids of same mass liquid 1 liquid 2 heating time = 100 s heating time = 200 s Which statement is correct? A Each beaker of liquid has the same thermal capacity. B Each beaker of liquid receives the same energy. C Liquid 1 receives more energy than liquid 2. D The thermal capacity of liquid 1 is less than the thermal capacity of liquid 2.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2017

17 Water of mass 100 g at a temperature of 100 °C is converted into steam at 100 °C. The specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is 2300 J / g. How much thermal energy is absorbed by the water? A 23 J B 230 J C 230 000 J D 23 000 000 J

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2017

15 A student blows air through a liquid using a straw. This causes the liquid to evaporate quickly and therefore to cool. Which statement explains why the remaining liquid cools? A Slower-moving molecules are carried away by the air bubbles. B The air molecules conduct heat from the liquid. C The air sets up convection currents in the liquid. D The molecules with most energy leave the liquid.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2017

16 What is meant by the specific latent heat of fusion of ice? A the energy needed to change unit mass of ice into water at constant temperature B the energy needed to change unit volume of ice into water at constant temperature C the energy needed to produce unit temperature increase of unit mass of ice D the energy needed to produce unit temperature increase of unit volume of ice

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2017

17 Equal masses of two different liquids are put into identical beakers. Liquid 1 is heated for 100 s and liquid 2 is heated for 200 s by heaters of the same power. Each liquid has the same rise in temperature. different liquids of same mass liquid 1 liquid 2 heating time = 100 s heating time = 200 s Which statement is correct? A Each beaker of liquid has the same thermal capacity. B Each beaker of liquid receives the same energy. C Liquid 1 receives more energy than liquid 2. D The thermal capacity of liquid 1 is less than the thermal capacity of liquid 2.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2017

16 Equal masses of two different liquids are put into identical beakers. Liquid 1 is heated for 100 s and liquid 2 is heated for 200 s by heaters of the same power. Each liquid has the same rise in temperature. different liquids of same mass liquid 1 liquid 2 heating time = 100 s heating time = 200 s Which statement is correct? A Each beaker of liquid has the same thermal capacity. B Each beaker of liquid receives the same energy. C Liquid 1 receives more energy than liquid 2. D The thermal capacity of liquid 1 is less than the thermal capacity of liquid 2.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2017

17 A block of ice at –20 °C is heated until it turns to steam. The graph of temperature against thermal energy absorbed is shown. The latent heat of fusion of ice is 340 kJ / kg. 100 temperature °C 80 60 40 20 0 –20 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 126 kJ 1146 kJ thermal energy 2406 kJ absorbed / kJ What is the mass of the ice? A 1.0 kg B 2.0 kg C 3.0 kg D 4.0 kg

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2017

14 The diagram shows a glass flask, sealed with a small volume of mercury in a glass tube. When the flask is gently warmed the mercury rises up the tube. glass tube mercury air water What is the main cause of the movement of the mercury? A expansion of air in the flask B expansion of the glass flask C expansion of the glass tube D expansion of the mercury

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2017

17 A strip of iron and a strip of brass are firmly attached to each other along their entire length. This combination is a bimetallic strip. iron strip brass strip This bimetallic strip is heated and it bends as shown. iron fixed support brass The bimetallic strip is now cooled and becomes straight again. What causes the bimetallic strip to become straight again? A The brass contracts more than the iron. B The brass expands more than the iron. C The iron contracts more than the brass. D The iron expands more than the brass.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2017

18 An aluminium block has a mass of 200 g. The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J / (kg °C). How much energy is needed to raise the temperature of the block from 20 °C to 110 °C? A 2.0 J B 200 J C 16 200 J D 16 200 000 J

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2017

16 The diagram shows a glass flask, sealed with a small volume of mercury in a glass tube. When the flask is gently warmed the mercury rises up the tube. glass tube mercury air water What is the main cause of the movement of the mercury? A expansion of air in the flask B expansion of the glass flask C expansion of the glass tube D expansion of the mercury

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2017

17 Which row identifies the fixed points on the Celsius scale? lower fixed point upper fixed point A boiling point of mercury melting point of pure ice B boiling point of pure water melting point of pure ice C melting point of mercury boiling point of pure water D melting point of pure ice boiling point of pure water

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2017

18 Aluminium has a specific heat capacity of 900 J / (kg °C). The internal energy of a 2.0 kg block of aluminium increases by 13 500 J. By how much does the temperature of the block increase? A 0.067 °C B 0.13 °C C 7.5 °C D 15 °C

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2017

16 The diagram shows a glass flask, sealed with a small volume of mercury in a glass tube. When the flask is gently warmed the mercury rises up the tube. glass tube mercury air water What is the main cause of the movement of the mercury? A expansion of air in the flask B expansion of the glass flask C expansion of the glass tube D expansion of the mercury

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2017

17 Which property cannot be used for the measurement of temperature? A half-life of a radioactive isotope B length of a solid metal bar C pressure of a gas D volume of a liquid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2017

18 A student uses an immersion heater to heat some water in a beaker. The water is heated from 20 °C to 80 °C. The energy supplied to the water is 60.0 kJ. What is the thermal capacity of the water? (Ignore any heat loss.) A 667 J / °C B 750 J / °C C 1000 J / °C D 3000 J / °C

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2017

16 A student wishes to calibrate a mercury-in-glass thermometer with a °C scale. Which values should she use for the lower fixed point and for the upper fixed point? lower fixed point upper fixed point A melting point of ice boiling point of mercury B melting point of ice boiling point of water C melting point of mercury boiling point of mercury D melting point of mercury boiling point of water

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2018

17 Which statements about boiling and about evaporation are both correct? boiling evaporation A takes place only at the surface takes place only at the surface B takes place only at the surface takes place throughout the liquid C takes place throughout the liquid takes place only at the surface D takes place throughout the liquid takes place throughout the liquid

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2018

16 A student wishes to calibrate a mercury-in-glass thermometer with a °C scale. Which values should she use for the lower fixed point and for the upper fixed point? lower fixed point upper fixed point A melting point of ice boiling point of mercury B melting point of ice boiling point of water C melting point of mercury boiling point of mercury D melting point of mercury boiling point of water

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2018

17 In an experiment, an object is heated. The data from the experiment is shown. ● The energy transferred to the object is 3.0 kJ. ● The mass of the object is 2.0 kg. ● The rise in temperature of the object is 10 °C. ● The specific heat capacity of the object is 150 J / (kg °C). What is the thermal capacity of the object? A 30 J / °C B 300 J / °C C 3000 J / °C D 9000 J / °C

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2018

16 Two liquid-in-glass thermometers P and Q contain the same volume of mercury and have capillary tubes of the same length. Thermometer P has a capillary tube with a smaller diameter than thermometer Q. Which thermometer has the greater range and which has the greater sensitivity? greater greater range sensitivity A P P B P Q C Q P D Q Q

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2018

17 A student wishes to calibrate a mercury-in-glass thermometer with a °C scale. Which values should she use for the lower fixed point and for the upper fixed point? lower fixed point upper fixed point A melting point of ice boiling point of mercury B melting point of ice boiling point of water C melting point of mercury boiling point of mercury D melting point of mercury boiling point of water

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2018

16 The distance between two electricity pylons is 60 m. An engineer fits a cable of length 62 m between the pylons. Why does the engineer choose a cable that is longer than the distance between the two pylons? A to allow for contraction of the cable in cold weather B to create a slope in the cable for electrons to flow down C to keep the current low and the voltage high D to reduce magnetic fields around the cable

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2018

17 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. bulb capillary tube Which change increases the sensitivity of the thermometer? A a narrower capillary tube B a wider capillary tube C thicker glass around the bulb D thinner glass around the bulb

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2018

18 An object of mass 800 g and specific heat capacity 250 J / (kg °C) is heated. It absorbs 5300 J of energy. What is the increase in temperature of the object? A 0.027 °C B 17 °C C 27 °C D 17 000 °C

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2018

16 The metal lid on a glass jar is difficult to unscrew. The jar is placed in a warm oven until the jar and the lid reach the same temperature. The lid is now easily unscrewed. Which property accounts for this? A thermal capacity of the jar B thermal capacity of the lid C thermal conduction D thermal expansion

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2018

17 A block of iron of mass M is heated and gains 10 kJ of internal energy. The temperature of the block rises by θ °C. A second block of iron of mass 2M is heated and gains 5.0 kJ of internal energy. What is the temperature rise of the second block in °C? θ θ A B C 2θ D 4θ 4 2

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2018

18 Which factors affect the sensitivity of a thermometer? 1 the diameter of the bore of the tube 2 the length of the capillary tube 3 the thickness of the bulb wall A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2018

16 Which row shows the relative order of thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases? most expansion least expansion A solids liquids gases B solids gases liquids C gases solids liquids D gases liquids solids

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2018

17 A block of ice is at a temperature of –100 °C. Energy is supplied at a constant rate. The graph shows how its temperature changes. 200 temperature / °C 3 100 4 1 0 2 –100 time At which points has the ice completely changed state to water and all the water completely changed state to steam? completely completely changed to water changed to steam A 1 3 B 1 4 C 2 3 D 2 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2018

18 The temperature of the water at the bottom of a waterfall is greater than the temperature of the water at the top. The gravitational potential energy of the water at the top is transferred to thermal energy at the bottom. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C). What is the temperature difference for a waterfall of height 21 m? A 0.005 °C B 0.05 °C C 20 °C D 200 °C

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2018

17 A thermometer has graduations which start at –10 °C and end at 110 °C. –10 0 100 110 °C What is the lower fixed point and what is the upper fixed point of the Celsius scale? lower fixed point upper fixed point / °C / °C A –10 100 B –10 110 C 0 100 D 0 110

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2019

18 A 1 kg block of aluminium requires more thermal energy to raise its temperature by 1 °C than a 1 kg block of copper requires. Why is this? A Aluminium is a better conductor of thermal energy than copper. B Aluminium is a poorer conductor of thermal energy than copper. C Aluminium has a higher specific heat capacity than copper. D Aluminium has a lower specific heat capacity than copper.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2019

15 A night storage heater contains a large block of material that is heated electrically during the night. During the day the block cools down, releasing thermal energy into the room. Which thermal capacity and which night-time temperature increase will cause the most energy to be stored by the block? thermal capacity night-time of block temperature increase A large large B large small C small large D small small

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2019

16 100 g of water at 25 °C is poured into an insulating cup. 50 g of ice at 0 °C is added to the water. The water is stirred until the temperature of the water has fallen to 0 °C. 18 g of ice remains unmelted. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J / g °C. Which value does this experiment give for the specific latent heat of fusion of ice? A 210 J / g B 330 J / g C 580 J / g D 770 J / g

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2019

15 A night storage heater contains a large block of material that is heated electrically during the night. During the day the block cools down, releasing thermal energy into the room. Which thermal capacity and which night-time temperature increase will cause the most energy to be stored by the block? thermal capacity night-time of block temperature increase A large large B large small C small large D small small

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2019

16 100 g of water at 25 °C is poured into an insulated cup. 50 g of ice at 0 °C is added to the water. The water is stirred until the temperature of the water has fallen to 0 °C. 18 g of ice remains unmelted. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J / g °C. Which value does this experiment give for the specific latent heat of fusion of ice? A 210 J / g B 330 J / g C 580 J / g D 770 J / g

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2019

14 Water in a beaker evaporates when it is left on a bench for a period of time. Increasing the surface area and increasing the temperature of the water each change the rate of evaporation. Which row is correct? increasing the surface area increasing the temperature A rate of evaporation decreases rate of evaporation decreases B rate of evaporation decreases rate of evaporation increases C rate of evaporation increases rate of evaporation decreases D rate of evaporation increases rate of evaporation increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2019

15 A night storage heater contains a large block of material that is heated electrically during the night. During the day the block cools down, releasing thermal energy into the room. Which thermal capacity and which night-time temperature increase will cause the most energy to be stored by the block? thermal capacity night-time of block temperature increase A large large B large small C small large D small small

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2019

16 100 g of water at 25 °C is poured into an insulating cup. 50 g of ice at 0 °C is added to the water. The water is stirred until the temperature of the water has fallen to 0 °C. 18 g of ice remains unmelted. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J / g °C. Which value does this experiment give for the specific latent heat of fusion of ice? A 210 J / g B 330 J / g C 580 J / g D 770 J / g

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2019

15 Which statement about the evaporation of a liquid is correct? A The least energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid decreases. B The least energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid increases. C The most energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid decreases. D The most energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid increases.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2019

17 Which change in the design of a liquid-in-glass thermometer makes it more sensitive? A a larger liquid reservoir B a longer tube C a smaller liquid reservoir D a wider tube

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2019

18 A liquid turns into a gas. This occurs only at one particular temperature, and the change happens throughout the liquid. What is this process called? A boiling B condensation C evaporation D fusion

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2019

18 The same quantity of thermal energy is supplied to each of four blocks. Each block is made from a different material. Which block has the greatest thermal capacity? A B C D temperature temperature temperature temperature increase is increase is increase is increase is 1 °C 4 °C 2 °C 3 °C

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2019

19 A liquid turns into a gas. This occurs only at one particular temperature, and the change happens throughout the liquid. What is this process called? A boiling B condensation C evaporation D fusion

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2019

20 In a cold country, a bicycle has been left outside all night. The cyclist finds the plastic hand grips feel less cold to the touch than the steel handlebars. Which row correctly describes the temperature and the property of the two materials? the temperature of the two materials the property of the two materials A the temperature of the steel is the plastic is a better thermal much lower than that of the plastic conductor than the steel B the temperature of the steel is the steel is a better thermal much lower than that of the plastic conductor than the plastic C the steel and the plastic are the plastic is a better thermal both at the same temperature conductor than the steel D the steel and the plastic are the steel is a better thermal both at the same temperature conductor than the plastic

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2019

17 A liquid turns into a gas. This occurs only at one particular temperature, and the change happens throughout the liquid. What is this process called? A boiling B condensation C evaporation D fusion

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2019

18 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. liquid thread 110 °C –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 When the temperature of the thermometer rises, the changes produced cause the liquid thread to move to the right. Why does this happen when the temperature of the thermometer rises? A Gases contract and liquids expand. B Gases contract and solids expand. C Liquids expand more than gases. D Liquids expand more than solids.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2019

17 A student measures the mass of warm water in an open container over two minutes. The container is kept at a constant temperature. The results are in the table. time / minutes mass / g 0.0 33.9 0.5 30.6 1.0 27.6 1.5 24.9 2.0 22.5 Why does the mass of the water change? A The water evaporates. B The water freezes. C The water condenses. D The water boils.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2020

18 Which points are the fixed points of the liquid-in-glass thermometer shown? –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 °C A the beginning and end points of the column of liquid B the points marked –10 °C and 110 °C C the points marked 0 °C and 100 °C D the top and bottom points of the thermometer bulb

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2020

19 The specific heat capacities of aluminium, iron, ethanol and water are given. specific heat capacity substance J / kg °C aluminium 900 iron 450 ethanol 2400 water 4200 1 kg of each metal is put into 5 kg of each liquid. The starting temperature of each metal is 60 °C. The starting temperature of each liquid is 10 °C. Which example has the highest final temperature? metal liquid A aluminium ethanol B iron ethanol C aluminium water D iron water

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2020

14 A gas is heated in a sealed container. The volume of the container does not change. What happens to the molecules of the gas? A The average distance between molecules increases. B The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases. C The mass of each molecule increases. D The volume of each molecule increases.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2020

16 A solid is heated causing it to expand. What effect does this have on its mass and on its density? mass density A decreases decreases B decreases stays constant C stays constant decreases D stays constant stays constant

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2020

17 The diagrams show four blocks of steel. The blocks are all drawn to the same scale. The same quantity of thermal energy is given to each block. Which block shows the greatest rise in temperature? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2020

16 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. glass bulb stem capillary tube –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 liquid The design of this thermometer includes the following features. 1 a liquid which expands linearly when it is heated 2 a glass bulb which has a thick glass wall 3 a capillary tube with a very small diameter Which features increase the sensitivity of the thermometer? A 1 only B 1 and 2 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2020

17 The diagrams show four blocks of steel. The blocks are all drawn to the same scale. The same quantity of thermal energy is given to each block. Which block shows the greatest rise in temperature? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2020

16 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. X Y Which row gives the correct labels for the thermometer? X Y A water narrow tube of uniform diameter B alcohol narrow tube of uniform diameter C water this end immersed in substance to be measured D alcohol this end immersed in substance to be measured

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2020

17 The diagrams show four blocks of steel. The blocks are all drawn to the same scale. The same quantity of thermal energy is given to each block. Which block shows the greatest rise in temperature? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2020

15 A student splashes water on to her face. Here are three statements about the effects. P The water uses energy to evaporate. Q The water gains energy from the student. R The face of the student cools. Which statements are correct? A P and Q only B P and R only C Q and R only D P, Q and R

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2020

16 When a bridge is built, a gap is left between each concrete slab. Why are these gaps left? A Concrete expands on warm days. B Concrete contracts on warm days. C The gaps expand on warm days. D The gaps contract on cold days.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2020

17 The specific heat capacity of solid P is greater than that of solid Q. What does this statement mean? A Less energy is needed to raise the temperature by 1 C of unit mass of solid P than unit mass of solid Q. B Less energy is needed to melt unit mass of solid P than unit mass of solid Q. C More energy is needed to raise the temperature by 1 C of unit mass of solid P than unit mass of solid Q. D More energy is needed to melt unit mass of solid P than unit mass of solid Q.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2020

18 A student placed a number of ice cubes in a container with a hole in the base. He left them to melt so that the water dripped into a beaker placed on a balance. The student recorded the initial mass of the beaker and the final mass of the beaker and water after five minutes. ice in a container with a hole in the base beaker balance 0.05 kg 0.16 kg before after The specific latent heat of fusion for water is 334 J / g. How much energy was absorbed from the surroundings in order to melt the ice? A 37 J B 54 J C 37 000 J D 54 000 J

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2020

15 A student splashes water on to her face. Here are three statements about the effects. P The water uses energy to evaporate. Q The water gains energy from the student. R The face of the student cools. Which statements are correct? A P and Q only B P and R only C Q and R only D P, Q and R

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2020

16 A bimetallic strip is used to control the temperature of electrical appliances. It is made of two different metals fixed together. The diagram shows the shape of the bimetallic strip before and after heating. metal P metal Q before heating after heating Which statement is correct? A Metal P contracts more than metal Q on heating. B Metal Q contracts more than metal P on heating. C Metal P expands more than metal Q on heating. D Metal Q expands more than metal P on heating.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2020

17 A student writes three statements about thermocouples. 1 They have a small thermal capacity. 2 They respond very slowly to temperature changes. 3 They can measure temperatures above 500 C. Which statements are correct? A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 3 D 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2020

18 Four blocks are made from different metals. Each block is heated for five minutes with an identical heater. Assume there is no energy loss from the blocks. The table gives the masses of the blocks and the temperature rises. Which metal has the highest specific heat capacity? mass of block / kg temperature rise / C A 2.0 5.0 B 2.0 9.0 C 4.0 5.0 D 4.0 9.0

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2020

15 A student splashes water on to her face. Here are three statements about the effects. P The water uses energy to evaporate. Q The water gains energy from the student. R The face of the student cools. Which statements are correct? A P and Q only B P and R only C Q and R only D P, Q and R

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2020

16 Equal volumes of solids and liquids experience different changes of volume when they are heated through the same temperature range. What is the reason for this? A The average increase in separation of the particles in a liquid is greater than the average increase in separation of those in a solid. B The average increase in separation of the particles in a liquid is less than the average increase in separation of those in a solid. C The particles in liquids expand by less than those in solids. D The particles in liquids expand by more than those in solids.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2020

17 Which physical property changes when temperature is measured with a liquid-in-glass thermometer? A electromotive force B pressure C resistance D volume

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2020

18 The diagram shows steam being passed into water to raise the temperature of the water. steam from steam generator water The specific latent heat of steam is 2200 J / g. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J / (g C). The mass of water being heated is 490 g. Which mass of steam must be passed into the water to raise the water temperature from 19 C to 100 C? A 19 g B 76 g C 80 g D 95 g

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2020

16 The graph shows how the internal energy of 1.0 kg of a metal changes with temperature. 835 830 internal energy 825 / kJ 820 815 810 805 800 795 0 20 40 60 80 100 temperature / °C What is the increase in the internal energy of a block of the same metal of mass 0.25 kg when its temperature rises from 40 C to 50 C? A 30 J B 300 J C 750 J D 1200 J

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2021

17 A piece of melting ice at 0 C and a beaker of boiling water are both in a laboratory. The laboratory is at 20 C. boiling water Bunsen burner melting ice heating water What is happening to the temperature of the melting ice and what is happening to the temperature of the boiling water? temperature of temperature of melting ice boiling water A constant constant B constant increasing C increasing constant D increasing increasing

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2021

16 A hole is drilled in a metal plate. What happens to the length of the plate and to the diameter of the hole when the plate is cooled? length of plate diameter of hole A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2021

17 Which statement describes a sensitive liquid-in-glass thermometer? A a thermometer which can be used to measure very high and very low values of temperature B a thermometer which gives the same increase in length of the liquid column for each degree of temperature rise C a thermometer which is accurate because it has been calibrated D a thermometer which gives a large increase in the length of the liquid column for each degree of temperature rise

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2021

18 A block of aluminium of mass 2.0 kg has an initial temperature of 20 C. It absorbs 7300 J of thermal energy. The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 913 J / (kg C). What is the final temperature of the aluminium block? A 4.0 C B 8.0 C C 24 C D 28 C

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2021

14 An aluminium block has a mass of 200 g. The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J / (kg C). How much energy is needed to increase the temperature of the block from 20 C to 110 C? A 2.0 J B 2000 J C 16 200 J D 16 200 000 J

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2021

15 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. liquid capillary tube bulb scale Which change to the design would result in a more sensitive thermometer? A Increase the density of the liquid. B Increase the diameter of the capillary tube. C Increase the number of scale markings. D Increase the volume of the bulb.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2021

12 A liquid is evaporating. The liquid is not boiling. Which statement about the liquid is correct at an instant in time? A Any molecule can escape, and from any part of the liquid. B Any molecule can escape, but only from the liquid’s surface. C Only molecules with enough energy can escape, and only from the liquid’s surface. D Only molecules with enough energy can escape, but from any part of the liquid.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2021

13 A gas is contained in a sealed container in a laboratory. The temperature of the gas increases. What happens to the average speed and what happens to the total kinetic energy of the gas molecules? average speed total kinetic energy A does not change does not change B does not change increases C increases does not change D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2021

14 An aluminium block has a mass of 200 g. The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J / (kg C). How much energy is needed to increase the temperature of the block from 20 C to 110 C? A 2.0 J B 2000 J C 16 200 J D 16 200 000 J

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2021

15 The diagram shows the apparatus used to measure the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water. 2 kW heater water After the water begins to boil, 110 g of water is converted to steam in 120 s. Using these results, what is the value of the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water? A 1.8 J / kg B 1800 J / kg C 2200 J / kg D 2 200 000 J / kg

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2021

14 An aluminium block has a mass of 200 g. The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J / (kg C). How much energy is needed to increase the temperature of the block from 20 C to 110 C? A 2.0 J B 2000 J C 16 200 J D 16 200 000 J

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2021

15 A solid and a gas are each given the same increase in temperature. The gas is kept at a constant pressure. Which row is correct? the one which the reason expands most A the gas molecules in the gas each expand more than the solid molecules B the gas the molecules in the solid are held strongly together C the solid molecules in the solid each expand more than the gas molecules D the solid all the molecules in the gas are separate from one another

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2021

16 Ether is a liquid that evaporates easily at room temperature. The rate at which ether evaporates can be increased by bubbling air through it. The diagram shows this process. air air bubbles ether Students give three suggestions why the rate of evaporation increases when air is bubbled through. Student 1 suggests that the temperature of the ether is decreased. Student 2 suggests that the surface area of the ether is increased. Student 3 suggests that evaporated molecules are removed at a greater rate. Which students are correct? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2022

17 Some ice is slowly heated and its temperature is measured. A graph is plotted of temperature against time. 100 temperature /°C «xX , 0 —10 time Which row describes what happens to the thermal energy and to the temperature in section X? thermal energy temperature of ice A gained by ice rises B gained by ice stays the same Cc not gained by ice rises D not gained by ice stays the same

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2022

18 The diagram shows the apparatus needed for an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of the material from which an object is made. thermometer A heater object V stop-clock balance Which piece of apparatus could be omitted if the purpose of the experiment is to determine the thermal capacity of the object? A ammeter B balance C stop-clock D thermometer

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2022

19 Both boiling and evaporation involve a change of state from liquid to gas. Which row gives the correct difference between boiling and evaporation? boiling evaporation A no bubbles are formed bubbles are formed B occurs at all temperatures occurs at a definite temperature C occurs throughout the liquid occurs at the surface only D the temperature falls the temperature remains constant

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2022

15 Two open containers are filled with water at room temperature. The containers have different shapes. container 1 container 2 From which container does the water evaporate at the greater rate and how can the rate of evaporation be increased? container with the greater how the rate of rate of evaporation evaporation can be increased A 1 decrease the water temperature B 1 increase the water temperature C 2 decrease the water temperature D 2 increase the water temperature

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2022

16 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. °C –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 A student wishes to check the marking of the upper fixed point on this thermometer. What should she do? A Put the bulb in a beaker of boiling sea water. B Put the bulb in a beaker of boiling pure water. C Put the bulb in a beaker of ice and salt. D Put the bulb in a beaker of pure melting ice.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2022

17 Water in a beaker gains thermal energy at a rate of 3000 W. The water is at its boiling point. The specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is 2260 J / g. How long does it take for 250 g of the water to vaporise? A 12 s B 188 s C 332 s D 750 s

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2022

16 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Which physical property of the thermometer is used to measure temperature? A expansion of glass B expansion of liquid C mass of glass D mass of liquid

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2022

17 A block of lead of mass 500 g is at its melting point. The specific latent heat of fusion of lead = 23 kJ / kg. How much energy is required to completely melt the block? A 46 J B 12 000 J C 46 000 J D 12 000 000 J

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2022

15 A gas in a container is cooled but the volume of the gas does not change. Which row describes the changes in the pressure of the gas and the kinetic energy of the gas particles? kinetic energy pressure of gas of gas particles A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2022

16 The iron cylinder of an engine is to be fitted into a piece of aluminium. The outside diameter M of the iron cylinder is slightly larger than the diameter N of the hole in the aluminium. iron cylinder M aluminium N What is the best action to fit the cylinder into the aluminium? A Cool the aluminium and cool the iron. B Cool the aluminium and heat the iron. C Heat the aluminium and cool the iron. D Heat the aluminium and heat the iron.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2022

17 Four metal blocks at a temperature of 200 °C are left to cool down to the same temperature. The table gives the mass of each block and the energy it transfers to the surroundings as it cools. block mass / g energy transferred / J 1 100 16 200 2 150 16 200 3 200 32 400 4 200 8 100 Which two blocks are made of the same metal? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 1 and 4 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2022

14 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. bulb capillary tube Which change increases the sensitivity of the thermometer? A a narrower capillary tube B a wider capillary tube C thicker glass around the bulb D thinner glass around the bulb

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2022

15 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer with a uniform capillary tube. liquid capillary tube NOT TO SCALE '8 mm! 64mm ! i - 88mm Which temperature is indicated by the thermometer? A 73°C B 80°C C 82°C D 90°C

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2022

13 Wet clothes are hanging outside to dry. What are the best conditions for the clothes to dry most quickly? wind speed temperature A high high B high low C low high D low low

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2022

14 Which change in the design of a liquid-in-glass thermometer makes it more sensitive? A a larger liquid reservoir B a longer tube C a smaller liquid reservoir D a wider tube

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2022

15 A scientist is determining the specific latent heat of vaporisation of a liquid. He puts the liquid in a vacuum flask and heats it with a 100 W heater. The mass of liquid in the vacuum flask when it starts to boil is 300 g. He continues to heat the liquid for a further 12 minutes after which the mass of the remaining liquid is 100 g. What is the specific latent heat of vaporisation of the liquid? (Assume that all the thermal energy from the heater is used to vaporise the liquid.) A 6000 J / kg B 240 000 J / kg C 360 000 J / g D 360 000 J / kg

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2022

14 Which change in the design of a liquid-in-glass thermometer makes it more sensitive? A a larger liquid reservoir B a longer tube C a smaller liquid reservoir D a wider tube

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2022

15 An ice cube of mass 12 g at 0 C absorbs thermal energy from the surroundings at a rate of 3 J / s. The specific latent heat of fusion of ice is 330 J / g. How long will it take for the ice cube to melt? A 82.5 s B 1320 s C 3960 s D 11 880 s

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2022

16 What happens when the temperature of a liquid increases? A The mass of the liquid increases, making the liquid less dense. B The mass of the liquid increases, making the liquid more dense. C The volume of the liquid increases, making the liquid less dense. D The volume of the liquid increases, making the liquid more dense.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2023

15 Which statements about evaporation of water are correct? 1 Evaporation causes the remaining liquid to cool. 2 During evaporation, the more energetic particles escape from the surface of the liquid. 3 Evaporation only happens at 100 C. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2023

14 Four students describe the phrase ‘absolute zero’ during a lesson on the particle model. Which student is correct? A This is the lowest possible temperature. B Particles in a solid start vibrating. C Particles do not have any weight. D Particles have the least gravitational potential energy.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2023

15 Four students are asked to state and explain the relative magnitudes of the thermal expansion of solids and gases. Which student is correct? A Gases expand more than solids because the molecules in a gas are in random motion. B Gases expand more than solids because the attractive forces between molecules are much weaker in gases. C Solids expand more than gases because the molecules are closer together in solids. D Solids expand more than gases because the molecules in a solid are in a regular pattern.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2023

14 What is the lowest possible temperature (absolute zero) and what happens to the energy of particles at this temperature? lowest possible particle energy temperature / C A –273 particles have least kinetic energy B –273 particles have zero gravitational potential energy C 0 particles have least kinetic energy D 0 particles have zero gravitational potential energy

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2023

14 On a warm day, a carton of fresh milk is covered with a wet cloth. Why does this help to reduce the temperature of the milk? A Some water evaporates from the cloth so the remaining water becomes cooler. B The water has a very high specific heat capacity. C The water insulates the milk from the warm air around it. D Water is always colder than the air around it.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2023

15 A chef heats some water in a pan on a hotplate. The temperature of the water rises by 10 C in time t. She then puts the same volume of oil in an identical pan on the same hotplate. The specific heat capacity of water is 2.5 times that of oil and water is 1.1 times denser than oil. What is the time for the temperature of the oil to rise by 10 C? A 0.36t B 0.44t C 2.3t D 2.8t

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2023

14 Liquid evaporates from a beaker. What happens to the temperature of the remaining liquid and how does this temperature change affect the rate of evaporation? rate of temperature evaporation A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2023

15 Thermal energy E is supplied to an object of mass m which does not change its state during the heating process. The temperature of the object rises by T. What is the specific heat capacity of the object?  E m  T  E T  E m A B C D m  T  E m  T

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2023

12 A sealed bottle of constant volume contains air. The air in the bottle is heated by the Sun. What is the effect on the average speed of the air particles in the bottle and the average distance between them? average distance average speed between air of air particles particles A decreases decreases B decreases stays the same C increases increases D increases stays the same

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2023

13 In an experiment to investigate the relationship between the volume of a sample of air and its pressure, the volume of the sample is decreased and its pressure is measured continuously. Curve X on the graph shows the results that would be expected for a fixed mass of air at constant temperature. Curve Y shows the results that are obtained in this particular experiment. X pressure Y 0 0 volume Which row shows two possible reasons why curve Y is different from curve X? 1 2 A the temperature of the air increases air leaks into the container as the volume is decreased as the volume is decreased B the temperature of the air increases air leaks out of the container as the volume is decreased as the volume is decreased C the temperature of the air decreases air leaks into the container as the volume is decreased as the volume is decreased D the temperature of the air decreases air leaks out of the container as the volume is decreased as the volume is decreased

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2023

14 A student splashes water on to her face. Here are three statements about the effects. P The water uses energy to evaporate. Q The water gains energy from the student. R The face of the student cools. Which statements are correct? A P and Q only B P and R only C Q and R only D P, Q and R

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2023

15 Four containers each contain water. More water at the same temperature is added to each container. From which container does water now evaporate more slowly than it did before? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2023

10 The diagram shows a pan used for cooking food. handle of pan base of pan Which row is correct for the materials used to make the base of the pan and the handle of the pan? base of pan handle of pan A good thermal conductor good thermal conductor B good thermal conductor poor thermal conductor C poor thermal conductor good thermal conductor D poor thermal conductor poor thermal conductor

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2024

15 The diagram shows the equipment used in an experiment on the heating of aluminium. to power V A thermometer supply insulated heater aluminium block The table gives the results for the experiment. mass of block 0.80 kg voltmeter reading 12 V ammeter reading 5.0 A time 300 s The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J / (kg C). What is the maximum possible temperature rise in the block? A 9 C B 20 C C 25 C D 225 C

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2024

12 During evaporation of a liquid, the most energetic particles escape. The temperature of the remaining liquid changes. Which row identifies where these particles escape from and describes the temperature change? place from which temperature of the particles escape remaining liquid A body of the liquid decreases B body of the liquid increases C surface of the liquid decreases D surface of the liquid increases

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2024

12 Which effect is caused by thermal expansion? A a metal surface heating up in direct sunlight B ice-cream melting on a hot day C a railway track buckling on a hot day D ice forming on a pond on a cold day

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2024

13 The temperature of the water at the bottom of a waterfall is greater than the temperature of the water at the top. The energy in the gravitational potential store of the water at the top is transferred to the thermal store at the bottom. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg C). What is the temperature difference for a waterfall of height 21 m? A 0.0050 C B 0.049 C C 20 C D 200 C

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2024

14 An ice cube is placed in a beaker and is heated. The ice melts to form water, which evaporates at first and then boils. The steam condenses on a cold window in the room. Which process involves a transfer of energy from the ice, water or steam to the surroundings? A melting B evaporating C boiling D condensing

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2024

16 Two samples of the same material have the same mass but different surface areas. Each sample is heated to the same temperature and then left to cool to room temperature. Each sample is allowed to cool to the same final temperature. X Y small surface area large surface area Which row correctly compares the decrease in internal energy and the initial rate of cooling for each sample? decrease in internal energy initial rate of cooling A X loses more internal energy than Y X cools down faster than Y B Y loses more internal energy than X Y cools down faster than X C X and Y lose the same quantity of energy X cools down faster than Y D X and Y lose the same quantity of energy Y cools down faster than X

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2024

13 The liquid level in a thermometer rises when the thermometer is placed in hot water. What causes this? A The liquid contracts. B The liquid evaporates. C The liquid expands. D The liquid freezes.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2024

14 Which statement describes what happens as ice at 0 C melts to become water? A Energy is absorbed and the temperature remains constant. B Energy is absorbed and the temperature rises. C Energy is released and the temperature remains constant. D Energy is released and the temperature rises.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2024

15 Which row explains how increasing the surface area of a fixed volume of liquid water and blowing air over the surface speeds up evaporation? increasing the surface area blowing air over the surface A increases the total number increases the energy in the of water molecules present kinetic store of the liquid water B increases the total number removes water molecules from of water molecules present above the surface of the water C increases the number of water increases the energy in the molecules close to the surface kinetic store of the liquid water D increases the number of water removes water molecules from molecules close to the surface above the surface of the water

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2024

13 A very hot mug of coffee is near a large unheated swimming pool holding 2.0  106 kg of water. Which statement is correct? A If the mug of coffee is tipped in the pool, the coffee will lose much more internal energy than the water in the pool gains. B The internal energy of a substance depends only on its temperature. C The internal energy of the water in the pool is lower than the internal energy of the mug of coffee. D When the temperature of the mug of coffee falls, its internal energy will decrease.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2024

15 A 1 kg block of aluminium requires more thermal energy to raise its temperature by 1 C than a 1 kg block of copper requires. Why is this? A Aluminium is a better conductor of thermal energy than copper. B Aluminium is a poorer conductor of thermal energy than copper. C Aluminium has a higher specific heat capacity than copper. D Aluminium has a lower specific heat capacity than copper.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2024

16 A block of ice is at a temperature of -100°C. Energy is supplied at a constant rate. The graph shows how its temperature changes. 200 temperature /°C 100 —100 time At which points have the ice completely changed state to water and all the water completely changed state to steam? completely completely changed to water | changed to steam 3 4 3 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2024

15 In an experiment to measure specific heat capacity, a block of aluminium is heated and its rise in temperature is measured. The internal energy gained by the block is E. The mass of the block is m. The rise in temperature of the block is T. Which expression gives the specific heat capacity of aluminium? m m  T  E  E T A B C D  E  T  E m  T m

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2024

12 A gas is heated in a sealed container. The volume of the container does not change. What happens to the particles of the gas? A The average distance between particles increases. B The average kinetic energy of the particles increases. C The mass of each particle increases. D The volume of each particle increases.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2024

14 Which statement about the evaporation of a liquid is correct? A The least energetic particles escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid decreases. B The least energetic particles escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid increases. C The most energetic particles escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid decreases. D The most energetic particles escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid increases.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2024

15 A solid is heated causing it to expand. Which effect does this have on its mass and on its density? mass density A decreases decreases B decreases stays constant C stays constant decreases D stays constant stays constant

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2024

13 A sample of gas is sealed inside a container of fixed volume. The temperature of the gas is increased. Which statement explains why the pressure of the gas increases? A The gas particles collide with the walls of the container more frequently. B The mass of the gas particles increases. C The number of gas particles in the container increases. D The time between collisions of the gas particles increases.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2025

14 A student does an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal block. She records the following measurements. energy supplied = 12 kJ initial temperature = 20 °C final temperature = 45 °C mass of metal block = 600 g What is the specific heat capacity of the metal block? A 8.0  10– 4 J / (kg °C) B 0.80 J / (kg °C) C 180 J / (kg °C) D 800 J / (kg °C)

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2025

15 A metal block is left overnight in a cool, shady room. In the morning, the metal block is moved into warm surroundings. Which statement about the metal block is correct in the morning? A The internal energy of the metal block increases. B The temperature of the metal block decreases. C Convection transfers energy throughout the metal block. D The metal contracts slightly.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2025

12 The specific heat capacity of solid P is greater than that of solid Q. What does this statement mean? A Less energy is needed to raise the temperature by 1 °C of unit mass of solid P than unit mass of solid Q. B Less energy is needed to melt unit mass of solid P than unit mass of solid Q. C More energy is needed to raise the temperature by 1 °C of unit mass of solid P than unit mass of solid Q. D More energy is needed to melt unit mass of solid P than unit mass of solid Q.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2025

13 The diagram shows a glass flask sealed with a small volume of mercury in a glass tube. When the flask is gently warmed, the mercury rises up the tube. glass tube mercury air What is the main cause of the movement of the mercury? A expansion of air in the flask B expansion of the glass flask C expansion of the glass tube D expansion of the mercury

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2025

14 The diagram shows the equipment used in an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal. In the experiment, a heater is switched on for t s and the increase in temperature  of a block of the metal is measured in °C. to power thermometer supply heater of insulated power P W metal block of mass m kg Which equation gives the specific heat capacity of the metal? P P t tm   m   A c = B c = C c = D c = tm   m   P P t

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2025

11 The particles of a gas in a container of fixed volume gain energy in the kinetic store. Which effect does this have on the gas? A Both the pressure and the temperature of the gas increase. B Only the temperature of the gas increases. C Neither the pressure nor the temperature of the gas increases. D Only the pressure of the gas increases.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2025

13 A solid changes into a liquid. Which term describes this change in state? A boiling B condensation C freezing D melting

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2025

14 The diagram shows some of the apparatus used to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal block. A thermometer metal block Which additional pieces of apparatus are required to find the specific heat capacity? A stop-watch, voltmeter and balance B resistor, stop-watch and ruler C ruler, balance and force meter D voltmeter, thermistor and insulation

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2025

12 The distance between two electricity pylons is 60 m. The cable that connects the two pylons is 62 m in length. Why is the cable longer than the distance between the two pylons? A to allow for contraction of the cable in cold weather B to create a slope in the cable for electrons to flow down C to keep the current low and the voltage high D to reduce magnetic fields around the cable

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2025

13 A glass beaker contains a mass of 0.20 kg of water at a temperature of 20 °C. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C). A brass block of mass 0.15 kg is at a temperature of 170 °C. The block is carefully lowered into the beaker of water. The final temperature of both the water and brass is 30 °C. What is the specific heat capacity of the brass? (Assume that no water is lost and no thermal energy has been transferred to the beaker or the surroundings.) A 400 J / (kg °C) B 660 J / (kg °C) C 1200 J / (kg °C) D 5600 J / (kg °C)

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2025

11 In which range of temperatures is water a liquid? A 0 K to 100 K B 0 K to 273 K C 100 K to 373 K D 273 K to 373 K

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2025

12 The diagram represents the particle arrangements in samples of three different substances, P, Q and R. substance P substance Q substance R The samples have equal volumes and the same temperature. The samples are heated. The temperature increase of each sample is the same and no changes of state take place. Which row shows possible percentage increases in volume for the three samples? sample of sample of sample of substance P substance Q substance R / % / % / % A 0.066 1.9 7.2 B 0.066 7.2 1.9 C 1.9 0.066 7.2 D 1.9 7.2 0.066

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2025

13 A cup contains 0.25 kg of water at 60 °C. Some time later, the water has cooled to 20 °C. How much energy has been transferred from the water to the surroundings? (The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C).) A 21 000 J B 42 000 J C 63 000 J D 84 000 J

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2025

14 A pure substance is heated slowly. The temperature of the substance is measured as it starts to melt and when it finishes melting. Which statement is correct? A The temperature decreases slightly as the substance melts. B The temperature fluctuates as the substance melts. C The temperature increases as the substance melts. D The temperature stays the same as the substance melts.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2025

13 The specific heat capacity of ice is 2000 J / kg °C. Which thermal energy is required to raise the temperature of 100 g of ice by 5 °C? A 40 J B 100 J C 1000 J D 4000 J

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2025