Kinetic particle model of matter — Paper 2 · IGCSE Physics 0625

14 Gases can be compressed, but liquids cannot. Which statement explains this difference? A Each molecule in a gas is more compressible than each molecule in a liquid. B Molecules in a gas are further apart than molecules in a liquid. C Molecules in a gas attract each other more strongly than molecules in a liquid. D Molecules in a gas move more slowly than molecules in a liquid.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2016

15 The diagram shows a quantity of gas trapped in a cylinder. The piston is pushed in slowly and the gas is compressed. The temperature of the gas does not change. gas piston pushed in piston Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure and the volume of the gas? A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2016

18 In an experiment, a liquid is heated at a constant rate. The temperature of the liquid increases and eventually becomes constant. Which statement about the experiment is correct? A Boiling occurs at all temperatures but only on the liquid surface. B Boiling occurs throughout the liquid but only at the constant temperature. C Evaporation occurs throughout the liquid and at all temperatures. D Evaporation occurs only at the constant temperature and only on the liquid surface.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2016

5 A cup contains hot liquid. Some of the liquid evaporates. What happens to the mass and what happens to the weight of the liquid in the cup? mass weight A decreases decreases B decreases stays the same C stays the same decreases D stays the same stays the same

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2016

12 A diver under water uses breathing apparatus at a depth where the pressure is 1.25 × 105 Pa. A bubble of gas breathed out by the diver has a volume of 20 cm3 when it is released. The bubble moves upwards to the surface of the water. At the surface of the water, the atmospheric pressure is 1.00 × 105 Pa. The temperature of the water is the same at all depths. What is the volume of this bubble when it reaches the surface? A 15 cm3 B 16 cm3 C 20 cm3 D 25 cm3

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2016

14 Which statement about evaporation is correct? A Evaporation causes the temperature of the remaining liquid to decrease. B Evaporation does not occur from a cold liquid near its freezing point. C Evaporation does not occur from a dense liquid, such as mercury. D Evaporation occurs from all parts of a liquid.

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Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2016

16 A substance loses thermal energy (heat) to the surroundings at a steady rate. The graph shows how the temperature of the substance changes with time. temperature P Q 0 0 time What could the portion PQ of the graph represent? A gas condensing B gas cooling C liquid cooling D liquid solidifying

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2016

12 A diver under water uses breathing apparatus at a depth where the pressure is 1.25 × 105 Pa. A bubble of gas breathed out by the diver has a volume of 20 cm3 when it is released. The bubble moves upwards to the surface of the water. At the surface of the water, the atmospheric pressure is 1.00 × 105 Pa. The temperature of the water is the same at all depths. What is the volume of this bubble when it reaches the surface? A 15 cm3 B 16 cm3 C 20 cm3 D 25 cm3

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2016

14 Which statement describes what happens as ice at 0 °C starts to melt to become water? A Energy is absorbed and the temperature remains constant. B Energy is absorbed and the temperature rises. C Energy is released and the temperature remains constant. D Energy is released and the temperature rises.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2016

15 Smoke particles, illuminated by a bright light, are seen through a microscope. They move about randomly. What causes this motion? A attraction between the smoke particles and the molecules of the air B collisions between the smoke particles and the molecules of the air C evaporation of the faster-moving smoke particles D warming of the smoke particles by the lamp

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Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2016

16 A liquid is at a temperature below its boiling point. The liquid is then heated so that it becomes a gas at a temperature above its boiling point. Which row correctly compares the liquid with the gas? average distance average speed between the particles of the particles A greater in the liquid greater in the liquid B greater in the liquid smaller in the liquid C smaller in the liquid greater in the liquid D smaller in the liquid smaller in the liquid

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Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2016

17 A beaker of liquid is left on a laboratory bench. There is an electric fan in the laboratory causing a draught over the liquid. The liquid evaporates. Which row shows two changes that will both cause the liquid to evaporate more quickly? change to change to surface area speed of fan of the liquid A decrease decrease B decrease increase C increase decrease D increase increase

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2016

4 A cup contains hot liquid. Some of the liquid evaporates. What happens to the mass and what happens to the weight of the liquid in the cup? mass weight A decreases decreases B decreases stays the same C stays the same decreases D stays the same stays the same

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2016

8 A gas molecule strikes the wall of a container. The molecule rebounds with the same speed. wall wall gas molecule gas molecule before hitting the wall after hitting the wall What happens to the kinetic energy and what happens to the momentum of the molecule? kinetic energy momentum A changes changes B changes stays the same C stays the same changes D stays the same stays the same

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2016

12 A diver under water uses breathing apparatus at a depth where the pressure is 1.25 × 105 Pa. A bubble of gas breathed out by the diver has a volume of 20 cm3 when it is released. The bubble moves upwards to the surface of the water. At the surface of the water, the atmospheric pressure is 1.00 × 105 Pa. The temperature of the water is the same at all depths. What is the volume of this bubble when it reaches the surface? A 15 cm3 B 16 cm3 C 20 cm3 D 25 cm3

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2016

14 What causes the random, zig-zag movement (Brownian motion) of smoke particles suspended in air? A air molecules colliding with smoke particles B convection currents as the hot smoke rises C smoke particles colliding with each other D smoke particles reacting with oxygen molecules in the air

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2016

15 A sealed bottle of constant volume contains air. The air in the bottle is heated by the Sun. What is the effect on the average speed of the air molecules in the bottle, and the average distance between them? average distance average speed between air of air molecules molecules A decreases decreases B decreases stays the same C increases increases D increases stays the same

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Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2016

13 Air is trapped in a cylinder by a piston. The original volume of the trapped air is V and the original pressure of the trapped air is P. The piston is pushed to the left. The temperature of the gas does not change. before piston is pushed in after piston is pushed in piston cylinder 25 50 25 50 trapped air trapped air What is the new volume and what is the new pressure of the trapped air? new volume new pressure P A 2V 2 B 2V 2P V P C 2 2 V D 2P 2

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2016

14 When a liquid evaporates, some of its molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid changes. Which row describes the escaping molecules and the change in temperature of the liquid? temperature of escaping molecules the liquid A less energetic goes down B less energetic goes up C more energetic goes down D more energetic goes up

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2016

15 A gas at a constant temperature is in a container of fixed volume. The gas exerts a pressure on the walls of the container. The pressure is caused by the gas molecules striking the walls. Which statement about the gas molecules when they strike the walls is correct? A The average kinetic energy of the gas molecules changes. B The average momentum of the gas molecules changes. C The average speed of the gas molecules changes. D The chemical energy of the gas molecules changes.

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Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2016

14 The diagram shows a gas that is trapped in a cylinder by a piston. The volume of the gas is 120 cm3 and the pressure of the gas is P. gas piston The piston is moved slowly to the left so that the volume of the gas is reduced to 30 cm3. The temperature of the gas does not change. What is the new pressure of the trapped gas? P P A B C P D 4P 4 2

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Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2016

16 A puddle of water is formed after a rain shower on a windy day. Which statement explains the effect of the wind on the rate of evaporation of the water in the puddle? A The wind gives molecules in the water extra kinetic energy and so increases the rate of evaporation. B The wind removes evaporated water from near the surface and so decreases the rate of evaporation. C The wind removes evaporated water from near the surface and so increases the rate of evaporation. D The wind takes energy from molecules near the surface and so decreases the rate of evaporation.

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Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2016

14 Which diagram best represents the movement of a smoke particle displaying Brownian motion? A B smoke smoke particle particle C D smoke particle smoke particle

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2016

15 The volume of a gas is measured at different pressures. The pressure p and the volume V of the gas are found to be related by the equation: pV = constant. Which quantities are kept constant and which quantities change? density of gas mass of gas temperature of gas A v v x key B v x v ¥ = constant Cc x v v X = changed D x x Jv

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2016

13 Very small pollen grains are suspended in water. A bright light shines from the side. When looked at through a microscope, small specks of light are seen to be moving in a random, jerky manner. eye microscope bright light pollen grains in water What are the moving specks of light? A pollen grains being hit by other pollen grains B pollen grains being hit by water molecules C water molecules being hit by other water molecules D water molecules being hit by pollen grains

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Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2017

14 At –39 °C, liquid mercury solidifies without a change of temperature. Which row shows whether the mercury absorbs or releases energy and what happens to the bonds between the mercury atoms? bonds between energy atoms A absorbed stronger B absorbed weaker C released stronger D released weaker

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Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2017

14 Brownian motion is observed when using a microscope to look at smoke particles in air. What causes the smoke particles to move at random? A Smoke particles are hit by air molecules. B Smoke particles are moved by convection currents in the air. C Smoke particles have different weights and fall at different speeds. D Smoke particles hit the walls of the container.

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Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2017

15 Gas molecules striking a container wall cause a pressure to be exerted on the wall. Which statement explains this? A When a molecule rebounds there must be a change in its energy. B When a molecule rebounds there must be a change in its momentum. C When a molecule rebounds there must be a change in its speed. D When a molecule rebounds there must be a change in its temperature.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2017

14 Brownian motion is observed when using a microscope to look at smoke particles in air. What causes the smoke particles to move at random? A Smoke particles are hit by air molecules. B Smoke particles are moved by convection currents in the air. C Smoke particles have different weights and fall at different speeds. D Smoke particles hit the walls of the container.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2017

14 Brownian motion is observed when using a microscope to look at smoke particles in air. What causes the smoke particles to move at random? A Smoke particles are hit by air molecules. B Smoke particles are moved by convection currents in the air. C Smoke particles have different weights and fall at different speeds. D Smoke particles hit the walls of the container.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2017

15 The diagrams show four open dishes. Each dish contains water at the same temperature. The dishes are different shapes and a draught blows over two of them. From which container does the water evaporate at the greatest rate? A B C D draught draught no draught no draught

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2017

15 A pollen grain in a beaker of still water is viewed through a microscope. Which diagram shows the most likely movement of the pollen grain? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2017

16 The diagram shows an air-filled rubber toy. A child sits on the toy and its volume decreases. The temperature of the air in the toy does not change. How does the air pressure in the toy change and why? pressure reason A decreases air molecules move more slowly B decreases air molecules strike the rubber less frequently C increases air molecules move more quickly D increases air molecules strike the rubber more frequently

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2017

14 A pollen grain in a beaker of still water is viewed through a microscope. Which diagram shows the most likely movement of the pollen grain? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2017

15 The diagram shows an air-filled rubber toy. A child sits on the toy and its volume decreases. The temperature of the air in the toy does not change. How does the air pressure in the toy change and why? pressure reason A decreases air molecules move more slowly B decreases air molecules strike the rubber less frequently C increases air molecules move more quickly D increases air molecules strike the rubber more frequently

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2017

16 The diagram shows a glass flask, sealed with a small volume of mercury in a glass tube. When the flask is gently warmed the mercury rises up the tube. glass tube mercury air water What is the main cause of the movement of the mercury? A expansion of air in the flask B expansion of the glass flask C expansion of the glass tube D expansion of the mercury

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2017

26 The speed of sound is different in different states of matter. The speed of sound in water is 1500 m / s. Which row correctly compares the speed of sound in ice and the speed of sound in steam with the speed of sound in water? speed of sound in ice speed of sound in steam m / s m / s A less than 1500 less than 1500 B less than 1500 more than 1500 C more than 1500 less than 1500 D more than 1500 more than 1500

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2017

14 A pollen grain in a beaker of still water is viewed through a microscope. Which diagram shows the most likely movement of the pollen grain? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2017

15 The diagram shows an air-filled rubber toy. A child sits on the toy and its volume decreases. The temperature of the air in the toy does not change. How does the air pressure in the toy change and why? pressure reason A decreases air molecules move more slowly B decreases air molecules strike the rubber less frequently C increases air molecules move more quickly D increases air molecules strike the rubber more frequently

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2017

23 A sound wave travels from a medium in one state into the same medium but in another state. This causes the speed of the wave to change from approximately 300 m / s to approximately 3000 m / s. Between which two states is the sound wave travelling? A gas to solid B liquid to gas C liquid to solid D solid to liquid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2017

15 When molecules of a gas rebound from a wall of a container, the wall experiences a pressure. What is the cause of this pressure? A the change in energy of the molecules B the change in momentum of the molecules C the change in power of the molecules D the change in speed of the molecules

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2018

17 Which statements about boiling and about evaporation are both correct? boiling evaporation A takes place only at the surface takes place only at the surface B takes place only at the surface takes place throughout the liquid C takes place throughout the liquid takes place only at the surface D takes place throughout the liquid takes place throughout the liquid

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2018

15 When molecules of a gas rebound from a wall of a container, the wall experiences a pressure. What is the cause of this pressure? A the change in energy of the molecules B the change in momentum of the molecules C the change in power of the molecules D the change in speed of the molecules

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2018

15 When molecules of a gas rebound from a wall of a container, the wall experiences a pressure. What is the cause of this pressure? A the change in energy of the molecules B the change in momentum of the molecules C the change in power of the molecules D the change in speed of the molecules

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2018

14 Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles. Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly. diagram 1 diagram 2 eye random movement microscope air molecules light and smoke particles Why do the smoke particles move randomly? A They are hit by air molecules. B They are less dense than air. C They are moved by convection currents. D They gain energy from the light.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2018

15 The gas in a sealed container is compressed at constant temperature. Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes with its volume? A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2018

14 Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles. Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly. diagram 1 diagram 2 eye random movement microscope air molecules light and smoke particles Why do the smoke particles move randomly? A They are hit by air molecules. B They are less dense than air. C They are moved by convection currents. D They gain energy from the light.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2018

15 A closed container of gas is heated. The pressure of the gas increases. Which statement explains this increase in pressure? A The changes in the momentum of the gas molecules striking the walls of the container increase. B The forces of attraction between the gas molecules and the walls of the container increase. C The gas molecules collide with each other more frequently. D The gas molecules lose more energy when they strike the walls of the container.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2018

14 Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles. Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly. diagram 1 diagram 2 eye random movement microscope air molecules light and smoke particles Why do the smoke particles move randomly? A They are hit by air molecules. B They are less dense than air. C They are moved by convection currents. D They gain energy from the light.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2018

15 A bubble of air has a volume of 2.0 cm3 at the bottom of a lake where the total pressure is 4.0 × 105 Pa. The temperature of the water in the lake is constant. The atmospheric pressure at the surface is 1.0 × 105 Pa. What is the volume of the bubble when it rises to the surface? A 0.13 cm3 B 0.17 cm3 C 6.0 cm3 D 8.0 cm3

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2018

16 Gas molecules exert a pressure when they collide with the walls of a container. Which statement is correct? A They experience a change in force which exerts a pressure equal to momentum × area on the walls. momentum on the B They experience a change in force which exerts a pressure equal to area walls. C They experience a change in momentum which exerts a pressure equal to force × area on the walls. force on the D They experience a change in momentum which exerts a pressure equal to area walls.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2019

14 A stationary smoke particle is hit by a fast-moving nitrogen molecule. Which row describes the motion of the smoke particle and of the nitrogen molecule after the collision? smoke particle nitrogen molecule A moves rebounds B moves stops C remains stationary rebounds D remains stationary stops

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2019

14 At room temperature, iron is difficult to compress. At the same temperature, oxygen is much easier to compress. Which comparison of the structures of iron and oxygen explains this? A The iron particles are closer together. B The iron particles have a greater mass. C The iron particles can be magnetised. D The iron particles have less average kinetic energy.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2019

17 The handle of a metal saucepan is made of plastic. As the saucepan heats up, the handle gets warmer. Which statement explains this? A Molecules of the plastic radiate their energy to other molecules. B Molecules of the plastic vibrate more and pass on their energy to nearby molecules. C The free electrons in the plastic transfer the thermal energy along the handle. D The heated molecules very slowly move along the plastic handle.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2019

14 Water in a beaker evaporates when it is left on a bench for a period of time. Increasing the surface area and increasing the temperature of the water each change the rate of evaporation. Which row is correct? increasing the surface area increasing the temperature A rate of evaporation decreases rate of evaporation decreases B rate of evaporation decreases rate of evaporation increases C rate of evaporation increases rate of evaporation decreases D rate of evaporation increases rate of evaporation increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2019

17 Why does a metal rod conduct thermal energy much better than a similar-sized plastic rod? A The molecules in the plastic are much closer together than the atoms in the metal. B The molecules in the plastic are much larger than the atoms in the metal. C The molecules in the plastic are much more tightly held together than the atoms in the metal. D The molecular structure in the plastic contains no free electrons, but the metal has free electrons.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2019

15 Which statement about the evaporation of a liquid is correct? A The least energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid decreases. B The least energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid increases. C The most energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid decreases. D The most energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid increases.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2019

16 A bubble of gas is formed deep under water. The bubble has a volume of 40 cm3 and the pressure inside the bubble is P. The bubble rises up through the water. The volume of the bubble increases to 56 cm3 and the pressure becomes 100 kPa. The temperature of the gas does not change. What is the initial pressure P ? A 71 Pa B 71 kPa C 140 Pa D 140 kPa

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2019

18 A liquid turns into a gas. This occurs only at one particular temperature, and the change happens throughout the liquid. What is this process called? A boiling B condensation C evaporation D fusion

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2019

19 One end of a rod of copper is placed in hot water. Thermal energy travels along the rod to make the other end warmer. What is the behaviour of the copper at an atomic level that accounts for most of the transfer of thermal energy from one end to the other? A Atoms at the hot end gain kinetic energy and move towards the other end. B Atoms at the hot end expand, colliding with other atoms and transferring energy. C Free electrons at the hot end gain energy and move towards the other end, colliding with atoms along the rod. D Free electrons at the hot end gain energy from the hot water and move directly to the other end.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2019

16 Which row describes the arrangement and the motion of the molecules in a gas? arrangement motion A far apart move freely B far apart vibrate only C tightly packed move freely D tightly packed vibrate only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2019

17 A bubble of air of volume 3.0 mm3 is under water. The bubble is at a depth where the pressure of the air inside the bubble is four times atmospheric pressure. The temperature of the air in the bubble stays the same as it rises to the surface. What is the volume of the air in the bubble as it reaches the surface? A 3.0 mm3 B 9.0 mm3 C 12 mm3 D 15 mm3

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2019

19 A liquid turns into a gas. This occurs only at one particular temperature, and the change happens throughout the liquid. What is this process called? A boiling B condensation C evaporation D fusion

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2019

15 Which row compares the separation and the motion of the molecules of a hot gas with those of a cool liquid? (Both the gas and the liquid are at the same pressure.) separation motion A greater for a gas faster for a gas B greater for a gas slower for a gas C smaller for a gas faster for a gas D smaller for a gas slower for a gas

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2019

16 A fixed mass of gas has a volume of 25 cm3. The pressure of the gas is 100 kPa. The volume of the gas is slowly decreased by 15 cm3 at constant temperature. What is the change in pressure of the gas? A 67 kPa B 150 kPa C 170 kPa D 250 kPa

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2019

17 A liquid turns into a gas. This occurs only at one particular temperature, and the change happens throughout the liquid. What is this process called? A boiling B condensation C evaporation D fusion

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2019

25 Which row gives a possible set of values for the speed of sound in ice, in water and in steam? speed of sound speed of sound speed of sound in ice in water in steam m/s m/s m/s A 500 1500 4000 B 1500 4000 500 C 4000 500 1500 D 4000 1500 500

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2019

16 When pollen grains in water are viewed through a microscope, they are seen to be in continuous, rapid random motion. What causes a pollen grain to move in this way? A convection currents in the water B bombardment by a single molecule of water C uneven bombardment on different sides by water molecules D collision with another pollen grain due to their kinetic energies

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2020

17 A student measures the mass of warm water in an open container over two minutes. The container is kept at a constant temperature. The results are in the table. time / minutes mass / g 0.0 33.9 0.5 30.6 1.0 27.6 1.5 24.9 2.0 22.5 Why does the mass of the water change? A The water evaporates. B The water freezes. C The water condenses. D The water boils.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2020

22 A boy jumps into an indoor swimming pool. He notices that the water appears to get colder as he goes deeper underwater. This is due to convection. Which statement is correct? A Cold water is more dense than warm water so it sinks to the bottom of the pool. B Warm water is more dense than cold water so it rises to the surface of the pool. C The molecules in cold water have more kinetic energy than the molecules in warm water so they move to the bottom of the pool faster. D The molecules in warm water are closer together than the molecules in cold water so they rise to the surface of the pool.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2020

28 The diagram shows compressions and rarefactions in air as a sound wave moves from left to right. rarefaction compression A quieter sound of the same frequency is made. What will happen to the number of particles in a region of rarefaction and in a region of compression? number of particles in number of particles in region of rarefaction region of compression A decrease decrease B decrease increase C increase decrease D increase increase

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2020

14 A gas is heated in a sealed container. The volume of the container does not change. What happens to the molecules of the gas? A The average distance between molecules increases. B The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases. C The mass of each molecule increases. D The volume of each molecule increases.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2020

15 Water in a beaker evaporates when left on a bench for a period of time. Which three factors all affect the rate of evaporation of the water? A wind speed, surface area, temperature B wind speed, temperature, volume C wind speed, surface area, volume D surface area, temperature, volume

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2020

14 Which row describes the forces between the molecules and the motion of the molecules in a solid? forces between motion molecules of molecules A strong move freely B strong vibrate only C weak move freely D weak vibrate only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2020

15 Wet clothes are hanging outside to dry. Which condition decreases the rate of evaporation of the water from the clothes? A folded clothes B higher temperature C wetter clothes D windy day

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2020

14 When a molecule rebounds from a wall, a force is exerted on the wall. What causes this force? A the kinetic energy gained by the molecule B the kinetic energy lost by the molecule C the change of momentum of the molecule D the change of speed of the molecule

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2020

15 The relationship between pressure p and volume V of a gas is given as pV = constant. Under which conditions for the mass of a gas and for its temperature does the equation hold? mass temperature A changing changing B changing constant C constant changing D constant constant

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2020

25 Which row gives possible values for the speed of sound? speed in gas speed in liquid speed in solid m / s m / s m / s A 972 1450 3560 B 972 3560 1450 C 1450 3560 972 D 3560 972 1450

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2020

15 A student splashes water on to her face. Here are three statements about the effects. P The water uses energy to evaporate. Q The water gains energy from the student. R The face of the student cools. Which statements are correct? A P and Q only B P and R only C Q and R only D P, Q and R

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2020

15 A student splashes water on to her face. Here are three statements about the effects. P The water uses energy to evaporate. Q The water gains energy from the student. R The face of the student cools. Which statements are correct? A P and Q only B P and R only C Q and R only D P, Q and R

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2020

16 Equal volumes of solids and liquids experience different changes of volume when they are heated through the same temperature range. What is the reason for this? A The average increase in separation of the particles in a liquid is greater than the average increase in separation of those in a solid. B The average increase in separation of the particles in a liquid is less than the average increase in separation of those in a solid. C The particles in liquids expand by less than those in solids. D The particles in liquids expand by more than those in solids.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2020

19 The diagram shows the view of a room heated by a radiator. The arrowed line from X to Y is the path of the convection current in the air. ceiling X Y radiator floor Which row about the air temperature and the air density at X and at Y is correct? air temperature air density A higher at X higher at X B higher at X higher at Y C higher at Y higher at Y D higher at Y higher at X

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2020

14 Air in a sealed syringe is slowly compressed by moving the piston. The temperature of the air stays the same. air syringe piston Which statement about the air is correct? A The pressure of the air decreases because its molecules now travel more slowly. B The pressure of the air decreases because the area of the syringe walls is now smaller. C The pressure of the air increases because its molecules now hit the syringe walls more frequently. D The pressure of the air increases because its molecules now travel more quickly.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2021

15 In an experiment, smoke particles are suspended in air and viewed through a microscope. The smoke particles move about with short random movements. Which of the following statements is correct? A Air particles have large masses compared to smoke particles and they move in one direction only. B Air particles have large masses compared to smoke particles and they move in random directions. C Air particles move at high speeds compared to smoke particles and they move in one direction only. D Air particles move at high speeds compared to smoke particles and they move in random directions.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2021

27 The speed of sound is different in different states of matter. The speed of sound in liquid water is 1500 m / s. Which row correctly compares the speed of sound in ice and the speed of sound in water vapour with the speed of sound in water? speed of sound in ice speed of sound in steam m / s m / s A less than 1500 less than 1500 B less than 1500 more than 1500 C more than 1500 less than 1500 D more than 1500 more than 1500

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2021

14 Which row describes the forces between the molecules and the motion of the molecules in a gas? forces between motion molecules of molecules A strong move freely B strong vibrate only C weak move freely D weak vibrate only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2021

15 Very small pollen grains are suspended in water. A bright light shines from the side. When looked at through a microscope, small specks of light are seen to be moving in a random, jerky manner. eye microscope bright light pollen grains in water What are the moving specks of light? A pollen grains being hit by other pollen grains B pollen grains being hit by water molecules C water molecules being hit by other water molecules D water molecules being hit by pollen grains

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2021

12 A liquid is evaporating. The liquid is not boiling. Which statement about the liquid is correct at an instant in time? A Any molecule can escape, and from any part of the liquid. B Any molecule can escape, but only from the liquid’s surface. C Only molecules with enough energy can escape, and only from the liquid’s surface. D Only molecules with enough energy can escape, but from any part of the liquid.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2021

13 The diagram shows two cylinders connected by a narrow tube fitted with a tap. tap 80 cm3 20 cm3 One cylinder contains 80 cm3 of gas at a pressure of 2.0  105 Pa. The other cylinder contains a vacuum. The volume of the evacuated cylinder is 20 cm3. The tap is opened so that the gas can flow to fill both cylinders. The temperature of the gas remains constant. What is the new pressure of the gas? A 0.50  105 Pa B 1.6  105 Pa C 2.5  105 Pa D 8.0  105 Pa

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2021

12 A liquid is evaporating. The liquid is not boiling. Which statement about the liquid is correct at an instant in time? A Any molecule can escape, and from any part of the liquid. B Any molecule can escape, but only from the liquid’s surface. C Only molecules with enough energy can escape, and only from the liquid’s surface. D Only molecules with enough energy can escape, but from any part of the liquid.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2021

13 A gas is contained in a sealed container in a laboratory. The temperature of the gas increases. What happens to the average speed and what happens to the total kinetic energy of the gas molecules? average speed total kinetic energy A does not change does not change B does not change increases C increases does not change D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2021

12 A liquid is evaporating. The liquid is not boiling. Which statement about the liquid is correct at an instant in time? A Any molecule can escape, and from any part of the liquid. B Any molecule can escape, but only from the liquid’s surface. C Only molecules with enough energy can escape, and only from the liquid’s surface. D Only molecules with enough energy can escape, but from any part of the liquid.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2021

13 The same mass of a gas is trapped in four identical cylinders by a piston that can move. The diagrams show the samples of gas in different conditions of volume and temperature. 1 2 3 4 piston 20 °C 40 °C 40 °C 50 °C Which list gives the pressure of the gas in order from lowest to highest? A 1  2  3  4 B 1  3  2  4 C 4  2  3  1 D 4  3  2  1

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2021

15 A solid and a gas are each given the same increase in temperature. The gas is kept at a constant pressure. Which row is correct? the one which the reason expands most A the gas molecules in the gas each expand more than the solid molecules B the gas the molecules in the solid are held strongly together C the solid molecules in the solid each expand more than the gas molecules D the solid all the molecules in the gas are separate from one another

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2021

15 Smoke particles, illuminated by a bright lamp, are seen through a microscope. They move about randomly. What causes this motion? A attraction between the smoke particles and the molecules of the air B collisions between the smoke particles and the molecules of the air C evaporation of the faster-moving smoke particles D warming of the smoke particles by the lamp

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2022

14 A sealed rigid container has a fixed volume. The container is filled with air. The container is placed in a freezer cabinet and the temperature of the air in the container decreases. Which row correctly describes what happens to the air in the container? average distance average speed between air particles of air particles A decreases increases B decreases decreases C no change increases D no change decreases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2022

15 Two open containers are filled with water at room temperature. The containers have different shapes. container 1 container 2 From which container does the water evaporate at the greater rate and how can the rate of evaporation be increased? container with the greater how the rate of rate of evaporation evaporation can be increased A 1 decrease the water temperature B 1 increase the water temperature C 2 decrease the water temperature D 2 increase the water temperature

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2022

18 A glass contains an iced drink on a warm and humid day. Water starts to form on the outside of the glass. What is the name of the effect by which the water forms? A condensation B conduction C convection D evaporation

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2022

14 The conditions of a sample of gas change in two stages. stage 1 increase of temperature at constant volume stage 2 increase of volume with no further change of temperature Which row about the pressure after each stage is correct? stage 1 stage 2 pressure compared pressure compared to to original pressure pressure after stage 1 A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2022

15 Small pollen particles are suspended in water. When viewed with a microscope, the pollen particles can be seen to be moving about irregularly. What causes this movement? A The pollen particles are being bombarded by the heavier particles of the water. B The pollen particles are being bombarded by the lighter particles of the water. C The temperature of the water is higher than that of the pollen particles. D The temperature of the water is lower than that of the pollen particles.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2022

18 A glass contains an iced drink on a warm and humid day. Water starts to form on the outside of the glass. What is the name of the effect by which the water forms? A condensation B conduction C convection D evaporation

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2022

14 The diagram shows gas particles hitting the wall of a container. The system is at room temperature. Why do the gas particles exert a pressure on the wall? A When the particles hit the wall, their momentum changes, which causes a force. B When the particles hit the wall, their average kinetic energy increases. C The particles expand when they hit the wall. D The particles collide with each other.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2022

15 A gas in a container is cooled but the volume of the gas does not change. Which row describes the changes in the pressure of the gas and the kinetic energy of the gas particles? kinetic energy pressure of gas of gas particles A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2022

12 A fixed mass of gas is trapped in a container. The temperature of the gas is increased but the volume of the gas is kept constant. fixed mass of gas How does this change affect the average kinetic energy of the molecules and the pressure on the walls of the container? average pressure kinetic energy A increases increases B stays the same increases C increases decreases D decreases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2022

13 Which row correctly describes boiling and evaporation of water? boiling evaporation A bubbles seen occurs at surface only B bubbles seen occurs throughout the water C no bubbles occurs at surface only D no bubbles occurs throughout the water

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2022

12 The pressure of a fixed mass of gas in a cylinder is measured. The volume of the gas in the cylinder is slowly decreased. The temperature of the gas does not change. Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes during this process? A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 time 0 time C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 time 0 time

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2022

13 Wet clothes are hanging outside to dry. What are the best conditions for the clothes to dry most quickly? wind speed temperature A high high B high low C low high D low low

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2022

12 The pressure of a fixed mass of gas in a cylinder is measured. The volume of the gas in the cylinder is slowly decreased. The temperature of the gas does not change. Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes during this process? A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 time 0 time C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 time 0 time

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2022

13 Which statement about evaporation is correct? A A body in contact with an evaporating liquid loses thermal energy. B A decrease in the surface area of an evaporating liquid increases the rate of evaporation. C A wind over a liquid decreases the rate of evaporation. D It is necessary to provide an external source of thermal energy to a liquid for it to evaporate.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2022

15 A sample of gas is trapped in a rigid container. As the temperature of the gas is increased, the pressure increases. Which statement is not correct? A The gas molecules have greater kinetic energy. B The gas molecules hit the walls of the container harder. C The gas molecules hit the walls of the container more frequently. D The gas molecules move further apart.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2023

14 A student uses a microscope to observe pollen moving on the surface of water. Which statement describes the reason for this movement? A Water molecules are moved by microscopic pollen particles. B Water molecules are moved by pollen molecules. C Microscopic pollen particles are moved by water molecules. D Pollen molecules are moved by water molecules.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2023

14 Four students describe the phrase ‘absolute zero’ during a lesson on the particle model. Which student is correct? A This is the lowest possible temperature. B Particles in a solid start vibrating. C Particles do not have any weight. D Particles have the least gravitational potential energy.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2023

15 Four students are asked to state and explain the relative magnitudes of the thermal expansion of solids and gases. Which student is correct? A Gases expand more than solids because the molecules in a gas are in random motion. B Gases expand more than solids because the attractive forces between molecules are much weaker in gases. C Solids expand more than gases because the molecules are closer together in solids. D Solids expand more than gases because the molecules in a solid are in a regular pattern.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2023

15 Which statement about the particles of a substance after condensation is correct? A They are close to each other and slide over each other. B They are close to each other and vibrate about fixed points. C They are far apart from each other and vibrate about fixed points. D They are far apart from each other and move freely within the container.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2023

12 Why can a gas be compressed easily into a smaller volume? A The particles are far apart. B The particles do not attract each other. C The particles move randomly. D The volume of each particle can be reduced.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2023

13 A gas is contained in a cylinder by a movable piston. gas cylinder piston The gas is heated so that it expands at constant pressure. How is the force of each collision of a gas particle with the piston affected and how does the frequency of collisions between the gas particles and the piston change? force frequency A increases decreases B increases increases C stays the same decreases D stays the same increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2023

14 On a warm day, a carton of fresh milk is covered with a wet cloth. Why does this help to reduce the temperature of the milk? A Some water evaporates from the cloth so the remaining water becomes cooler. B The water has a very high specific heat capacity. C The water insulates the milk from the warm air around it. D Water is always colder than the air around it.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2023

23 The element mercury exists as a solid, a liquid or a gas. Which row gives a possible set of values of the speeds of sound through mercury? speed of sound in speed of sound in speed of sound in frozen mercury liquid mercury mercury vapour m / s m / s m / s A 250 1500 2500 B 250 2500 1500 C 1500 250 2500 D 2500 1500 250

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2023

12 Brownian motion is the random motion of particles. In which states of matter is Brownian motion observed? A gases, liquids and solids B gases and liquids only C gases and solids only D liquids and solids only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2023

13 The volume of a fixed mass of gas is varied. The temperature remains constant. Which graph shows how the pressure p of the gas varies with volume V ? A B C D p p p p 0 0 0 0 0 V 0 V 0 1 0 1 V V

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2023

14 Liquid evaporates from a beaker. What happens to the temperature of the remaining liquid and how does this temperature change affect the rate of evaporation? rate of temperature evaporation A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2023

12 A sealed bottle of constant volume contains air. The air in the bottle is heated by the Sun. What is the effect on the average speed of the air particles in the bottle and the average distance between them? average distance average speed between air of air particles particles A decreases decreases B decreases stays the same C increases increases D increases stays the same

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2023

13 In an experiment to investigate the relationship between the volume of a sample of air and its pressure, the volume of the sample is decreased and its pressure is measured continuously. Curve X on the graph shows the results that would be expected for a fixed mass of air at constant temperature. Curve Y shows the results that are obtained in this particular experiment. X pressure Y 0 0 volume Which row shows two possible reasons why curve Y is different from curve X? 1 2 A the temperature of the air increases air leaks into the container as the volume is decreased as the volume is decreased B the temperature of the air increases air leaks out of the container as the volume is decreased as the volume is decreased C the temperature of the air decreases air leaks into the container as the volume is decreased as the volume is decreased D the temperature of the air decreases air leaks out of the container as the volume is decreased as the volume is decreased

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2023

15 Four containers each contain water. More water at the same temperature is added to each container. From which container does water now evaporate more slowly than it did before? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2023

9 Which statement correctly describes a change of state? A A gas condenses to form a liquid. B A liquid melts to form a solid. C A solid condenses to form a liquid. D A solid boils to form a gas.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2024

12 When pollen grains in water are viewed through a microscope, they are seen to be in continuous, rapid, random motion. What causes a pollen grain to move in this way? A convection currents in the water B bombardment by a single molecule of water C uneven bombardment on different sides by water molecules D collision with another pollen grain

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2024

13 A circular, flat-bottomed dish contains 100 cm3 of water. Students are asked how to increase the rate at which the water evaporates. Their suggestions are listed. student 1 Pour the water into a flat-bottomed dish of larger diameter. student 2 Cool the dish and water. student 3 Create a current of air over the dish with a fan. Which suggestions will increase the rate of evaporation? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2024

14 Matter consists of very small particles in a continual state of motion. Which row describes the behaviour of particles in a liquid? force motion of particles between particles A strong move randomly at high speed B strong vibrate, but change positions C weak vibrate in fixed positions D weak move randomly at high speed

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2024

9 A man puts some ice into a glass of water on a warm day. After a short time, he notices that the ice disappears and that water droplets appear on the outside of the glass. ice droplets of water Which two changes of state are taking place? A condensation and freezing B condensation and melting C boiling and melting D freezing and evaporation

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2024

10 Gas of volume 200 cm3 is trapped inside a container by a piston. The piston is pushed to the right and the volume of the gas decreases to 100 cm3. The temperature of the gas remains constant. trapped gas piston container Which row states the effect that this has on the kinetic energy of the gas particles and the force per unit area exerted by the particles colliding with the inside walls of the container? kinetic energy force per unit area A doubles doubles B doubles stays the same C stays the same doubles D stays the same stays the same

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2024

11 Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature? A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2024

12 During evaporation of a liquid, the most energetic particles escape. The temperature of the remaining liquid changes. Which row identifies where these particles escape from and describes the temperature change? place from which temperature of the particles escape remaining liquid A body of the liquid decreases B body of the liquid increases C surface of the liquid decreases D surface of the liquid increases

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2024

13 Wet clothes are put out on a line to allow the water in the clothes to evaporate. Which type of weather would cause the water to evaporate most quickly? A a cold day with no wind B a cold day with wind C a hot day with no wind D a hot day with wind

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2024

9 What are the correct terms for each change of state? liquid to solid liquid to gas A solidification condensation B melting condensation C solidification evaporation D melting evaporation

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2024

10 Extremely small pollen grains in water are viewed through a microscope. The grains are seen to move continually and randomly. What is the reason for this random movement? A The grains are moved by randomly moving water molecules. B The grains are moved by random convection currents in the water. C The grains are moved by random rays of light reflecting off them. D The grains are moved by the random motion of their own atoms.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2024

11 Which graph shows how the volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature varies with its pressure? A B volume volume 0 0 0 pressure 0 pressure C D volume volume 0 0 0 pressure 0 pressure

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2024

14 An ice cube is placed in a beaker and is heated. The ice melts to form water, which evaporates at first and then boils. The steam condenses on a cold window in the room. Which process involves a transfer of energy from the ice, water or steam to the surroundings? A melting B evaporating C boiling D condensing

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2024

9 A piece of solid metal melts to become a liquid. How do the particles of metal or their behaviour change? A They increase in size. B They move around each other. C They move much further apart. D They vibrate more about their fixed positions.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2024

10 Brownian motion of particles is observed. Which statements describe the movement of the particles? 1 The particles all travel along a curved path. 2 The particles move randomly. 3 The particles all travel in the same direction. A 1 and 3 B 1 only C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2024

11 A fixed mass of air in a cylinder is compressed by a piston so that the volume of the air decreases at constant temperature. How do the air particles now collide with the cylinder walls? A less often with a greater velocity B less often with the same velocity C more often with a greater velocity D more often with the same velocity

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2024

12 The diagram shows a quantity of gas trapped in a cylinder. The piston is pushed in slowly and the gas is compressed. The temperature of the gas does not change. gas piston pushed in piston Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure and the volume of the gas? A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2024

12 Some air is trapped inside a metal container with a tightly fitting lid. tightly fitting lid metal container air heat The container is heated strongly behind a safety screen. The lid is blown off by the increased pressure of the air inside the container. What causes the increase in pressure of the air inside the container? A Each air particle expands and takes up more room. B The air particles move more quickly. C The number of particles inside the container increases. D The volume occupied by the air decreases.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2024

14 A student measures the mass of water in an open container over two hours. The container is kept in a warm room. The results are in the table. time / hours mass of water / g 0.0 33.9 0.5 30.6 1.0 27.6 1.5 24.9 2.0 22.5 Why does the mass of the water change? A The water evaporates. B The water freezes. C The water condenses. D The water boils.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2024

12 Water can exist in three states: solid (ice), liquid (liquid water) and gas (steam). In which states is the motion of the water particles only vibrational? A liquid water and ice B liquid water only C ice only D steam only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2024

13 A cube has sides 2.0 m long. The cube contains a gas at a pressure of 8000 N / m2. 2.0 m gas A second cube has sides 4.0 m long. This cube contains the same mass of the same gas as the first cube, at the same temperature. 4.0 m gas What is the pressure of the gas in the second cube? A 1000 N / m2 B 4000 N / m2 C 16 000 N / m2 D 64 000 N / m2

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2024

14 Which row gives the correct name for each change of state shown? gas to liquid liquid to solid solid to liquid A condensation melting solidification B condensation solidification melting C evaporation melting solidification D evaporation solidification melting

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2024

12 A gas is heated in a sealed container. The volume of the container does not change. What happens to the particles of the gas? A The average distance between particles increases. B The average kinetic energy of the particles increases. C The mass of each particle increases. D The volume of each particle increases.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2024

13 Air in a sealed syringe is slowly compressed by moving the piston. The temperature of the air stays the same. air syringe piston Which statement about the air is correct? A The pressure of the air decreases because its particles now travel more slowly. B The pressure of the air decreases because the area of the syringe walls is now smaller. C The pressure of the air increases because its particles now hit the syringe walls more frequently. D The pressure of the air increases because its particles now travel more quickly.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2024

14 Which statement about the evaporation of a liquid is correct? A The least energetic particles escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid decreases. B The least energetic particles escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid increases. C The most energetic particles escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid decreases. D The most energetic particles escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid increases.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2024

13 A sample of gas is sealed inside a container of fixed volume. The temperature of the gas is increased. Which statement explains why the pressure of the gas increases? A The gas particles collide with the walls of the container more frequently. B The mass of the gas particles increases. C The number of gas particles in the container increases. D The time between collisions of the gas particles increases.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2025

15 A metal block is left overnight in a cool, shady room. In the morning, the metal block is moved into warm surroundings. Which statement about the metal block is correct in the morning? A The internal energy of the metal block increases. B The temperature of the metal block decreases. C Convection transfers energy throughout the metal block. D The metal contracts slightly.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2025

16 A fixed mass of gas is contained within a sealed syringe at a pressure of 100 kPa. The plunger is slowly moved until the pressure is 80 kPa. The final volume of the gas is 50 cm3. The temperature of the gas does not change. What is the volume of the gas before the plunger is moved? A 0.25 cm3 B 40 cm3 C 63 cm3 D 160 cm3

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2025

17 The diagram shows the more energetic water molecules escaping from the surface of liquid water. key = water molecule water What is this process called? A Brownian motion B condensation C evaporation D conduction

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 Feb/March 2025

10 A hot gas and a cool liquid are at the same pressure. Which row describes the separation and the motion of the particles of a hot gas compared to those of a cool liquid? separation of gas particles motion of gas particles A greater than a cool liquid faster than a cool liquid B greater than a cool liquid slower than a cool liquid C less than a cool liquid faster than a cool liquid D less than a cool liquid slower than a cool liquid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2025

13 When water evaporates, what escapes from the surface of the water? A individual atoms B individual molecules C individual protons D tiny drops of water

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2025

14 A sealed container of gas is heated. The pressure of the gas increases. Which statement explains this increase in pressure? A The forces of the gas particles striking the walls of the container increase. B The forces of attraction between the gas particles and the walls of the container increase. C The gas particles collide with each other more frequently. D The gas particles lose more energy when they strike the walls of the container.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 May/June 2025

10 A sample of a substance has a shape that is determined by its container. What are the possible states of this sample? A gas, liquid and solid B gas and liquid only C gas and solid only D solid and liquid only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2025

11 A stationary smoke particle is hit by a fast-moving nitrogen molecule. Which row describes the motion of the smoke particle and of the nitrogen molecule after the collision? smoke particle nitrogen molecule A moves rebounds B moves stops C remains stationary rebounds D remains stationary stops

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2025

12 A bubble of gas rises from the bottom of a lake to the top. The table shows readings of the gas pressure inside the bubble and the volume of the bubble. The temperature of the water in the lake is constant. The values in three rows of the table are correct and one row is not correct. Which row is not correct? pressure / kPa volume / cm3 A 360 2.4 B 270 3.2 C 160 4.6 D 120 7.2

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/22 May/June 2025

10 Which row describes the particle structure of a gas? distance between motion of the particles the particles A close together vibrating B close together random C far apart vibrating D far apart random

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2025

11 The particles of a gas in a container of fixed volume gain energy in the kinetic store. Which effect does this have on the gas? A Both the pressure and the temperature of the gas increase. B Only the temperature of the gas increases. C Neither the pressure nor the temperature of the gas increases. D Only the pressure of the gas increases.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2025

12 Gas particles exert a pressure when they collide with the walls of a container. Which statement about the gas particles is correct? A They experience a change in force, which results in a pressure equal to momentum  area. momentum . B They experience a change in force, which results in a pressure equal to area C They experience a change in momentum, which results in a pressure equal to force  area. force . D They experience a change in momentum, which results in a pressure equal to area

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/23 May/June 2025

10 A flask with a tight-fitting stopper contains a gas. The gas and flask are initially at room temperature. tight-fitting stopper gas The gas and flask are cooled. Which row describes the average speed of the gas particles and the pressure of the gas as the temperature decreases? average speed of pressure of the gas particles the gas A decreases decreases B decreases stays the same C increases increases D increases stays the same

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2025

11 Brownian motion is the random movement of microscopic particles in a liquid or gas. Which statement about Brownian motion is correct? A Brownian motion only occurs when the liquid or gas is heated. B Much heavier fast-moving particles that cannot be seen collide with the microscopic particles. C Much lighter fast-moving particles that cannot be seen collide with the microscopic particles. D The microscopic particles move to avoid the fast-moving liquid or gas molecules.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0625/21 Oct/Nov 2025

10 The pressure of the air in a car tyre rises after a long journey. This is caused by a change in the average speed of the air particles and a change in the temperature of the air in the tyre. Which row describes the changes that have caused the air pressure in the tyre to rise? average speed of temperature the air particles of the air A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0625/22 Oct/Nov 2025

11 A football is inflated in a warm room and then taken outside where the temperature is much lower. The pressure and temperature inside the ball both decrease. The volume of the ball is unchanged. Which row explains the decrease in pressure in terms of the movement of air particles? frequency of collisions kinetic energy between air particles and of air particles inside surface of ball A decreased decreased B decreased unchanged C unchanged decreased D unchanged unchanged

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2025

14 The diagram shows four labelled changes of state, P, Q, R and S, between solid, liquid and gas. P Q solid liquid gas S R Which changes need an energy input? A P and Q B Q and R C R and S D S and P

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0625/23 Oct/Nov 2025