Fundamental particles — Paper 1 · A Level Physics 9702

38 Which statement describes β– decay in terms of a simple quark model? A A down quark changes to an up quark and emits an electron and an electron antineutrino. B A down quark changes to an up quark and emits a positron and an electron neutrino. C An up quark changes to a down quark and emits an electron and an electron antineutrino. D An up quark changes to a down quark and emits a positron and an electron neutrino.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2016

39 Which row gives the correct classification of protons, electrons and neutrinos? protons electrons neutrinos A hadrons leptons hadrons B hadrons leptons leptons C leptons hadrons hadrons D leptons hadrons leptons

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2016

38 A nitrogen-13 nucleus 13 N undergoes beta decay. 7 In the equations below, ν and represent a neutrino and antineutrino respectively and γ represents a photon of gamma radiation. Which equation represents this decay? A 13 N → 13 C + β– + + γ 7 6 B 13 N → 13 C + β– + ν + γ 7 6 C 13 N → 13 C + β+ + + γ 7 6 D 13 N → 13 C + β+ + ν + γ 7 6

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2016

40 The magnitude of the charge on the proton may be regarded as +1 unit. On this basis, the charges on the up (u) quark, down (d) quark and their antiquarks (u and d) are not whole units. Which row in the table shows the correct values for the charges on the u, d, u and d quarks? u d u d + 3 2 – 3 1 + 3 2 – 3 1 A – 3 2 + 3 1 + 3 2 – 3 1 B + 3 2 – 3 1 – 3 2 + 3 1 C – 3 2 + 3 1 – 3 2 + 3 1 D

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2016

38 What is a proton? A a hadron B a particle consisting of two down quarks and one up quark C a positive fundamental particle D a positive lepton

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2016

38 What is a proton? A a hadron B a particle consisting of two down quarks and one up quark C a positive fundamental particle D a positive lepton

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2016

39 A nucleus of sodium-21, 21 Na , decays to form a new nucleus containing 10 protons 11 and 11 neutrons. Which leptons are emitted from the sodium-21 nucleus during the decay? A a positron and an antineutrino B a positron and a neutrino C an electron and an antineutrino D an electron and a neutrino

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2017

40 A neutron decays to form a proton. Which particle is not involved in the decay process? A antineutrino B down quark C positron D up quark

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2017

40 What are the structures of the proton and of the neutron in terms of quarks? proton neutron up quark down quark up quark down quark A 1 1 2 2 B 1 2 2 1 C 2 1 1 2 D 2 2 1 1

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2017

40 During β– decay, which change takes place to the quark composition of the nucleus that emits the β– particle, and which other particle is emitted? other particle quark change emitted A down to up antineutrino B down to up neutrino C up to down antineutrino D up to down neutrino

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2017

40 Which particle is a fundamental particle? A electron B hadron C neutron D proton

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2017

40 What is the quark composition of a hydrogen-3 nucleus, H 3 ? 1 number of quarks up down A 4 5 B 5 4 C 5 7 D 7 5

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2017

40 Which combination of up (u) and down (d) quarks forms a neutron? A u u u B u u d C u d d D d d d

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2017

40 Which combination of up (u) and down (d) quarks forms a proton? A u u u B u u d C u d d D d d d

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2017

40 An isolated neutron decays to produce a proton, a β– particle and an antineutrino. Which row gives the quark composition of the neutron and the proton and the type of force that gives rise to this reaction? quark composition type of force neutron proton A down, down, up down, up, up strong interaction B down, down, up down, up, up weak interaction C down, up, up down, down, up strong interaction D down, up, up down, down, up weak interaction

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2018

38 Which elementary particle is a lepton? A proton B neutron C electron D quark

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2018

39 How many down quarks are in a nucleus of hydrogen-3, H 3 ? 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2018

40 What is the correct equation for β+ decay? A neutron → proton + electron + electron antineutrino B neutron → proton + electron + electron neutrino C proton → neutron + positron + electron antineutrino D proton → neutron + positron + electron neutrino

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2018

40 A neutron is composed of one up (u) quark and two down (d) quarks. When the neutron decays to a proton, there is β-emission. What is the change in the quark structure of the neutron due to the β-emission? (The symbol for a neutrino is νe and for an antineutrino is ν .) e A d → u + β– + νe B d → u + β– + ν e C u → d + β+ + νe D u → d + β+ + ν e

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2018

40 Which list contains only leptons? A electron, neutrino, positron B electron, neutrino, proton C electron, proton, neutron D neutrino, neutron, positron

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2018

40 How many up quarks and how many down quarks are in a nucleus of the nuclide 37 C l ? 17 up quarks down quarks A 51 60 B 54 57 C 57 54 D 60 51

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2018

40 A certain type of hadron has zero charge. It is composed of a down quark, a strange quark and one other quark. What could be the other quark? A up B down C strange D anti-strange

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2018

40 In β– decay, a neutron inside a nucleus changes to a proton. Which statement describes the quark composition of the nucleus during the decay? A The number of down quarks decreases by one. B The number of down quarks increases by one. C The number of down quarks stays the same. D The number of up quarks stays the same.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2018

40 Which word equation represents β+ decay? A proton → neutron + electron + electron antineutrino B proton → neutron + electron + electron neutrino C proton → neutron + positron + electron antineutrino D proton → neutron + positron + electron neutrino

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2019

40 Some particles are a combination of three quarks. Which combination of quarks would not result in a particle with a charge of either +1.6 × 10–19 C or zero? A up, down, down B up, strange, strange C up, up, down D up, up, up

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2019

39 Which equation describes the changes to the quark composition of a nucleus and the lepton emission during the process of β+ decay? A down → up + positron + electron neutrino B down → up + positron + electron antineutrino C up → down + positron + electron neutrino D up → down + positron + electron antineutrino

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2019

40 There are protons, neutrons and electrons in the simple model of an atom. To which class (group), hadron or lepton, do these particles belong? hadron lepton A electron proton and neutron B neutron proton and electron C proton and electron neutron D proton and neutron electron

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2019

40 Which statement describes β– decay in terms of a simple quark model? A A down quark changes to an up quark, and an electron and an electron antineutrino are emitted. B A down quark changes to an up quark, and a positron and an electron neutrino are emitted. C An up quark changes to a down quark, and an electron and an electron antineutrino are emitted. D An up quark changes to a down quark, and a positron and an electron neutrino are emitted.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2019

40 The diagrams show the quark composition of four different hadrons. One of the hadrons is a Σ+ particle. It has a charge of +e, where e is the elementary charge. Which hadron could be the Σ+ particle? A B C D key u = up quark d s d s u s u s d = down quark s = strange quark d s s u

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2019

39 What is not a fundamental particle? A electron B neutrino C neutron D positron

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2019

40 An unstable nucleus decays and emits a β– particle. Which changes, if any, occur to the quark composition of the nucleus? quark changes up quarks down quarks A +1 0 B +1 –1 C –1 +1 D 0 +1

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2019

40 Which statement is correct? A Electrons and neutrinos are fundamental particles. B Electrons and neutrinos are hadrons. C Protons and neutrons are leptons. D Protons and neutrons are quarks.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2019

40 Which row gives the correct type and quark composition for the named particle? particle type quark composition A neutron hadron u u d key B neutron lepton u d d u = up quark C proton hadron u u d d = down quark D proton lepton u d d

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2020

40 A hadron has a charge +e, where e is the elementary charge. Which combination of up (u) and down (d) quarks could form this hadron? A ddd B udd C uud D uuu

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2020

40 A hadron has a charge of –e and is composed of three quarks. What could be the quark composition of the hadron? A B C D key s s u s u s u u u = up quark s = strange quark s s u u

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2020

40 Which equation describes the process of β+ decay? key: u = up quark d = down quark ν = (electron) neutrino ν = (electron) antineutrino A ddu → uud + β+ + ν B ddu → uud + β+ + ν C uud → ddu + β+ + ν D uud → ddu + β+ + ν

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2020

40 Which diagram represents the quark composition of an antineutron? A B key u u u up quark d u d down quark d d u up antiquark d down antiquark C D u u d d d u

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2020

40 Which particle is a hadron? A electron B neutrino C positron D proton

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2020

40 Which particle is a fundamental particle? A alpha-particle B electron C neutron D proton

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2020

40 The nuclei of common isotopes of hydrogen, helium, lithium and beryllium are shown. Which nucleus contains equal numbers of up and down quarks? A 1 1H B 4 2He C 7 3Li D 9 4Be

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2021

40 Which particle is a fundamental particle? A electron B hadron C neutron D proton

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2021

40 A hadron is composed of three quarks. The hadron has a charge. What is a possible quark composition of the hadron? A down, down, up B down, up, strange C up, strange, strange D up, up, strange

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2021

40 Which combination of up (u) and down (d) quarks forms a proton? A u u u B u u d C u d d D d d d

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2021

40 Which combination of quarks could not be the quark composition of the hadron shown? p = proton n = neutron – = sigma particle of charge –e + = sigma particle of charge +e u = up quark d = down quark s = strange quark quark hadron composition A – dds B + uds C p uud D n udd

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2021

40 A positively charged meson consists of a quark and an antiquark. What could be the quark and antiquark? A charm and antiup B down and antitop C strange and antibottom D up and antistrange

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2022

40 How many hadrons, baryons and mesons are there in a nucleus of Be? 9 4 hadrons baryons mesons A 9 4 5 B 9 5 4 C 9 9 0 D 13 9 0

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2022

40 A neutron is composed of one up (u) quark and two down (d) quarks. When a neutron decays to a proton, a beta-particle is emitted. What is the change in the quark structure of the neutron due to the emission of the beta-particle? (The symbol for a neutrino is e and for an antineutrino is .) e A d  u + – + e B d  u + – +  e C u  d + + + e D u  d + + +  e

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2022

40 Which list of particles contains only fundamental particles? A antineutrino, beta, meson B baryon, neutrino, positron C electron, neutrino, alpha D lepton, quark, positron

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2022

39 Which two particles have opposite charges? A alpha-particle and helium nucleus B antiproton and beta-plus particle C beta-minus particle and electron D positron and proton

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2022

40 Which particle is a lepton? A meson B positron C proton D quark

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2022

39 A nucleus X undergoes + decay. The products are a nucleus Y with proton number Z, a + particle and another particle P. X  ZY + + + P What is particle P and what is the proton number of nucleus X? proton number P of nucleus X A antineutrino Z – 1 B antineutrino Z + 1 C neutrino Z – 1 D neutrino Z + 1

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2022

40 A particle consists of two up quarks and a charm quark. What is the charge of this particle, expressed in terms of the elementary charge e? A –2e B –e C +e D +2e

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2022

40 A top quark has a charge of + 2 e where e is the elementary charge. , 3 What is the charge of an anti top quark? A – 2 e B – 1 e C + 1 e D + 2 e 3 3 3 3

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2023

38 A proton has mass mp and charge +e. What are the mass and charge of an antiproton? mass charge A –mp +e B –mp –e C mp +e D mp –e

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2023

40 Which statement about a proton is correct? A A proton is a baryon but not a meson. B A proton is a meson but not a hadron. C A proton is both a hadron and a meson. D A proton is both a meson and a baryon.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2023

40 A + meson has a charge of +e, where e is the elementary charge. It consists of an up quark and one other quark. What could be the other quark in the + meson? A anti-down B anti-up C bottom D charm

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2023

40 What is the quark composition of a hydrogen-3 nucleus, H? 3 1 number of quarks up down A 4 5 B 5 4 C 5 7 D 7 5

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2023

40 Which combination of up (u) and down (d) quarks forms a neutron? A u u u B u u d C u d d D d d d

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2023

30 What could not be used to create an electric current? A alpha-particles B beta-particles C neutrons D protons

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2023

40 Some particles are a combination of three quarks. Which combination of quarks does not result in a particle with a charge of either +1.6  10–19 C or zero? A up, down, down B up, strange, strange C up, up, down D up, up, up

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2023

38 Which flavours of quark have charge + $e? 0 0O WwW D> charm ~ « strange \ \ x top ~~ Kh bottom \ \ x key / = has charge +Ze X = does not have charge +2e

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2024

40 A nucleus of carbon-10, 10 6C, decays by beta-emission to form a nucleus of boron-10, 10 5B. For this decay process, what is the change to a nucleon and what is the change in the quark composition of the nucleon? change in change to nucleon quark composition A proton to neutron down becomes up B proton to neutron up becomes down C neutron to proton down becomes up D neutron to proton up becomes down

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2024

39 Which particle is not a fundamental particle? A electron B neutrino C neutron D top quark

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2024

40 What is the charge of an anti-top quark? 2 1 1 2 A – e B – e C + e D + e 3 3 3 3

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2024

37 Nuclide X with proton number Z undergoes + decay to form nuclide Y. The decay may be represented by the equation shown. X  Y + + + W What is the proton number of Y and which particle is represented by the symbol W? proton number particle of Y represented by W A Z – 1 antineutrino B Z – 1 neutrino C Z + 1 antineutrino D Z + 1 neutrino

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2024

38 Which fundamental particles form a hadron? A leptons B nucleons C photons D quarks

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2024

39 The diagrams show the quark composition of four different hadrons. One of the hadrons is a + particle. It has a charge of +e, where e is the elementary charge. Which hadron could be the + particle? A B C D key u = up quark d s d s u s u s d = down quark s = strange quark d s s u

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2024

40 Which type of particle is comprised of the most quarks? A antiquark B baryon C lepton D meson

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2024

38 Which particle is not a fundamental particle? A charm quark B electron C neutrino D neutron

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2024

40 Which statement is correct? A A baryon is a hadron and consists of 2 quarks. B A meson is a hadron and consists of 3 quarks. C An electron is a fundamental particle and is a lepton. D A neutrino is a fundamental particle and is a hadron.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2024

38 What is not a quark flavour? A charm B meson C strange D up

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2024

39 How many down quarks are in a nucleus of hydrogen-3, H? 3 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2024

38 What is the rest mass of a beta-particle? A 0 B 9.11  10–31 kg C 1.66  10–27 kg D 1.67  10–27 kg

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2024

39 What is the name of the group (class) of particles containing mesons, and the name of the group (class) of particles containing baryons? group (class) of group (class) of particles containing particles containing mesons baryons A hadrons hadrons B hadrons leptons C leptons hadrons D leptons leptons

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2024

37 What is a general description of a baryon? A It consists of three quarks that must all be the same flavour. B It consists of three quarks that do not need to be the same flavour. C It consists of two quarks that must both be the same flavour. D It consists of two quarks that do not need to be the same flavour.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2025

39 What is the change to the quark composition of a nucleus that takes place during + decay? A down to antiup B down to up C up to antidown D up to down

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2025

40 What is the charge, in terms of the elementary charge e, on a charm quark? 2 e 1 e 1 e 2 e A – B – C + D + 3 3 3 3

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/12 Feb/March 2025

38 Which list contains only fundamental particles? A antineutrinos, baryons, neutrons, electrons B mesons, electrons, neutrinos, protons C positrons, quarks, hadrons, protons D quarks, positrons, neutrinos, leptons

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2025

40 A hadron consists of antiquarks that are all identical. What is a possible value, in terms of the elementary charge e, for the charge on the hadron? A 0e B +1e C +2e D +3e

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/11 May/June 2025

39 What is the composition of a meson? A 1 quark and 1 antiquark B 1 quark and 2 antiquarks C 2 quarks and 1 antiquark D 3 quarks

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2025

40 A nucleus of carbon-11 contains 6 protons and 5 neutrons. The nucleus of carbon-11 decays by + emission. What is the total number of up and down quarks in the product of the decay of this nucleus? up quarks down quarks A 15 18 B 16 17 C 17 16 D 18 15

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/12 May/June 2025

39 What are the charges on an antidown quark and on an antistrange quark? antidown quark antistrange quark 1 1 A + e + e 3 3 1 1 B + e – e 3 3 1 1 C – e + e 3 3 1 1 D – e – e 3 3

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9702/13 May/June 2025

39 Which particle is not a lepton? A electron B neutrino C neutron D positron

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/14 May/June 2025

40 How many flavours (types) of antiquark are there? A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/14 May/June 2025

40 Which particle is a lepton? A meson B positron C proton D quark

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/11 Oct/Nov 2025

38 An up quark in a hadron changes to a down quark. The elementary charge is e. What is the magnitude of the change in the charge of the hadron? A 1 e B 2 e C e D zero 3 3

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9702/12 Oct/Nov 2025

40 Which particle is a lepton? A meson B positron C proton D quark

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9702/13 Oct/Nov 2025

40 Which combination of three quarks has no overall charge? A down, strange, strange B up, charm, strange C up, charm, top D up, down, strange

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9702/14 Oct/Nov 2025