Kinetic particle model of matter — Paper 1 · IGCSE Sciences - Co-ordinated (Double) 0654

33 A measured mass of gas is placed in a cylinder at atmospheric pressure and is then slowly compressed. piston gas piston pushed in The temperature of the gas does not change. What happens to the pressure of the gas? A It drops to zero. B It decreases, but not to zero. C It stays the same. D It increases.

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Answer: D

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2005

14 When water is heated to 100 °C, it changes to steam. The steam has a larger volume than the water. Which change on heating explains this increase in volume? A The bonds between hydrogen and oxygen break. B The molecules become lighter. C The spacing between the molecules increases. D The water molecules expand.

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Answer: C

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2007

32 Some gas in a sealed plastic bag is cooled. How do the gas molecules behave when this happens? A They move more quickly and become closer together. B They move more quickly and become further apart. C They move more slowly and become closer together. D They move more slowly and become further apart.

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Answer: C

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2007

33 The pressure of a fixed mass of gas in a cylinder is measured. The volume of the cylinder is then slowly decreased. Which graph could show the change of pressure of the gas during this process? A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 time 0 time C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 time 0 time

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Answer: C

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2008

32 A piston traps a certain mass of gas inside a cylinder. Initially the piston is halfway along the length of the cylinder. The piston is now moved towards the open end of the cylinder. The temperature of the gas remains constant. initial position final position How are the density and the pressure of the gas affected by moving the piston? density pressure A decreases decreases B decreases unchanged C increases decreases D increases unchanged

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Answer: A

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2009

26 The graph shows the changes in temperature when a substance is cooled. X temperature / °C Y 00 time Which row in the table describes X and Y? X Y A boiling freezing B boiling melting C condensing freezing D condensing melting

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Answer: C

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2010

21 The three states of matter are represented by diagrams X, Y and Z. X Y Z Which change occurs during condensation? A X to Y B X to Z C Y to X D Z to X

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Answer: C

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2010

14 The graph shows the changes in temperature when a substance is cooled. X temperature / °C Y 0 0 time Which describes the processes occurring at X and Y? X Y A boiling melting B condensing freezing C freezing condensing D melting boiling

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Answer: B

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2011

31 On a warm day, a driver checks the air pressure in a car tyre. Overnight the temperature drops and the air pressure in the tyre falls. There are no air leaks in the tyre. Why does the pressure fall? A The air molecules in the tyre move more slowly. B The air molecules in the tyre stop moving. C The volume of the air in the tyre decreases. D The volume of the air in the tyre increases.

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Answer: A

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2012

31 A glass bottle containing air is sealed with a screw cap and then cooled in cold water. cap cold water air The contraction of the glass bottle can be ignored. What remains the same during the cooling? A the air pressure inside the bottle B the energy of the air molecules in the bottle C the force on the cap made by the air molecules in the bottle D the volume of air inside the bottle

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2012

31 A glass bottle containing air is sealed with a screw cap and then cooled in cold water. cap cold water air The contraction of the glass bottle can be ignored. What remains the same during the cooling? A the air pressure inside the bottle B the energy of the air molecules in the bottle C the force on the cap made by the air molecules in the bottle D the volume of air inside the bottle

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/13 May/June 2012

31 A beaker of cool liquid stands in a warm room. The temperature of the liquid is falling because molecules are escaping from the surface of the liquid. Which row gives the name of this process, and also shows which molecules are escaping from the liquid? molecules that name of process are escaping A condensation least energetic B condensation most energetic C evaporation least energetic D evaporation most energetic

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2013

31 Gas is contained in a cylinder and exerts a pressure on the cylinder. The speed of the gas molecules is reduced. Which row shows what happens to the temperature of the gas and to the pressure exerted by the gas on the cylinder? temperature pressure A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2013

32 A substance is a gas when its temperature is 65 °C. How do the boiling point and the melting point of this substance compare with 65 °C? boiling point melting point A above 65 °C above 65 °C B above 65 °C below 65 °C C below 65 °C above 65 °C D below 65 °C below 65 °C

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2013

30 A beaker of cool liquid stands in a warm room. The temperature of the liquid is falling because molecules are escaping from the surface of the liquid. Which row gives the name of this process, and also shows which molecules are escaping from the liquid? molecules that name of process are escaping A condensation least energetic B condensation most energetic C evaporation least energetic D evaporation most energetic

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/13 May/June 2013

31 Liquid in a beaker evaporates quickly. Which row shows what happens to the mass and to the temperature of the liquid in the beaker? mass temperature A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2013

31 A sample of liquid is allowed to cool for 20 minutes. Its temperature is recorded every two minutes. The results are shown in the table. time / minutes 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 temperature / °C 90.8 80.9 74.1 67.4 61.9 57.0 53.0 50.2 48.5 47.3 46.1 How should the sample be described at the end of the 20 minutes? A all liquid B all solid C in the process of boiling D in the process of solidifying

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2013

32 Liquid in a beaker evaporates quickly. Which row shows what happens to the mass and to the temperature of the liquid in the beaker? mass temperature A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2013

31 Liquid in a beaker evaporates quickly. Which row shows what happens to the mass and to the temperature of the liquid in the beaker? mass temperature A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2013

31 A person wearing wet clothes can feel cold even on a warm day. Why does he feel cold? A Water gives out heat as it evaporates. B Water takes in heat as it evaporates. C Water vapour gives heat out as it condenses. D Water vapour takes heat in as it condenses.

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Answer: B

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2014

31 A motorist inflates a tyre with an air pump. The temperature of the air in the tyre remains constant. What has changed? A The air molecules hitting the inside of the tyre are moving more quickly. B The air molecules hitting the inside of the tyre are moving more slowly. C There are fewer molecules hitting the inside of the tyre. D There are more molecules hitting the inside of the tyre.

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Answer: D

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2014

17 Which statement describes the particles in a gas? A As the particles move quicker the pressure of the gas decreases. B The movement of the particles is unaffected by temperature. C The particles are in random motion. D The particles are ordered.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2014

18 Which statement describes the particles in a gas? A As the particles move quicker the pressure of the gas decreases. B The movement of the particles is unaffected by temperature. C The particles are in random motion. D The particles are ordered.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2014

30 The diagram represents two states of a substance. molecules Which states are represented? A liquid and gas B liquid and solid C solid and gas D solid and liquid

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Answer: C

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2014

32 Which is the best description of the molecules in a solid at 0 °C? A close together and moving from one position to another and changing places with other molecules B close together and vibrating about a fixed position C far apart and moving from one position to another and changing places with other molecules D far apart and not moving at all

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Answer: B

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2015

32 Which row describes the molecules of a solid at 0 °C, a liquid at 0 °C and a gas at 0 °C? solid liquid gas A stationary stationary stationary B stationary stationary moving C stationary moving moving D moving moving moving

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Answer: D

This question in 0654/13 May/June 2015

32 Some air is trapped inside a metal can with a tightly-fitting lid. tightly-fitting lid metal can air heat The can is heated strongly behind a safety screen. The lid is blown off by the increased pressure of the air inside the can. What causes the increase in pressure of the air inside the can? A The air molecules expand and take up more room. B The air molecules move more quickly. C The number of molecules inside the can increases. D The volume occupied by the molecules decreases.

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Answer: B

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2015

32 Evaporation occurs when molecules escape from a liquid surface into the air above it. During this process the temperature of the liquid falls. Why does the temperature of the liquid fall? A The molecules in the vapour expand because the pressure is less. B The molecules left in the liquid have more space to move around. C The molecules move more slowly when they escape into the air. D The molecules with the highest energies escape into the air.

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Answer: D

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2015

32 On a warm day, a swimmer climbs out of a swimming pool into the open air and water evaporates from his skin. As the water evaporates, which molecules escape into the air first and what happens to the average speed of the remaining water molecules? first molecules average speed of the to escape remaining molecules A least energetic decreases B least energetic increases C most energetic decreases D most energetic increases

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2015

31 Which statement describes the properties of a liquid? A It has a definite shape and has a definite volume. B It has a definite shape but no definite volume. C It has no definite shape and no definite volume. D It has no definite shape but has a definite volume.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2016

32 A substance is a gas when its temperature is 65 °C. How do the boiling point and the melting point of this substance compare with 65 °C? boiling point melting point A above 65 °C above 65 °C B above 65 °C below 65 °C C below 65 °C above 65 °C D below 65 °C below 65 °C

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2016

31 The air in a room exerts a pressure on the walls of the room. What causes this pressure? A the air molecules being very close to each other B the air molecules colliding with each other C the air molecules colliding with the walls D the air molecules expanding

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2016

32 A substance is a gas when its temperature is 65 °C. How do the boiling point and the melting point of this substance compare with 65 °C? boiling point melting point A above 65 °C above 65 °C B above 65 °C below 65 °C C below 65 °C above 65 °C D below 65 °C below 65 °C

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2016

31 A gas is trapped in a metal cylinder of constant volume. The gas is heated. Which row describes the changes produced? average pressure speed of gas of gas molecules A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/13 May/June 2016

31 A liquid in an open container is evaporating, but not boiling. Which molecules escape as the liquid evaporates, and from where do they escape? A Any of the molecules escape but only from the surface. B Any of the molecules escape and from any part of the liquid. C Only molecules with enough energy escape and only from the surface. D Only molecules with enough energy escape but from any part of the liquid.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2016

32 Thermal energy is supplied to a gas at constant pressure. What happens to the volume of the gas and what happens to the temperature of the gas? volume temperature A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2016

31 When a liquid evaporates, molecules escape from the surface. Which row shows which molecules escape and the average energy of the remaining molecules? average energy of molecules escaping remaining molecules A the less energetic molecules decreases B the less energetic molecules stays the same C the more energetic molecules decreases D the more energetic molecules stays the same

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2016

32 Which labelled arrow on the diagram represents condensation? A liquid gas B C D solid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2016

31 A closed flask of gas is placed in a bath of cold water. thermometer cold water gas As the flask cools, the temperature of the gas decreases. What happens to the molecules of the gas? A They contract. B They expand. C They move more quickly. D They move more slowly.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2017

29 A metal block is heated until it is completely melted. None of the melted metal evaporates. The metal now solidifies. What happens to the mass of the metal during the changes of state? mass during mass during melting solidification A decreases increases B increases decreases C increases stays constant D stays constant stays constant

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2017

32 A gas is contained in a cylinder of constant volume. The gas is cooled and this causes its pressure to change. What happens to the speed of the molecules of the gas, and what happens to the pressure of the gas? speed of pressure molecules of gas A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2017

31 Which statement about gas molecules is not correct? A Increasing the temperature decreases the pressure of the gas at constant volume. B Increasing the temperature makes the molecules move faster. C Molecules of a gas are in constant random motion. D The pressure of the gas is caused by the collision of molecules with the container.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2017

32 Two substances X and Y are in different states. Substance X has a definite shape and has a definite volume. Substance Y has no definite shape but has a definite volume. Which row gives the state of each substance? substance X substance Y A solid liquid B solid gas C liquid solid D liquid gas

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2018

31 Which statement describes molecules in a solid? A They are close together and vibrate about fixed positions. B They do not vibrate but move at high speeds in straight lines. C They do not vibrate but can change places with each other. D They vibrate and can change places with each other.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2018

31 A gas is trapped in a container of constant volume. The temperature of the gas increases. What happens to the speed of the molecules, and what happens to the pressure of the gas? speed of pressure molecules A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2018

30 When evaporation occurs, molecules escape from the surface of a liquid. Which molecules escape, and what happens to the average speed of the molecules remaining in the liquid? average speed of escaping molecules remaining molecules A less energetic decreases B less energetic increases C more energetic decreases D more energetic increases

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2019

32 The more energetic molecules of a liquid are escaping from its surface, causing the liquid to cool. What is happening to the liquid? A It is boiling. B It is condensing. C It is evaporating. D It is melting.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2019

33 A substance is a gas when its temperature is 65 °C. How do the boiling point and the melting point of this substance compare with 65 °C? boiling point melting point A above 65 °C above 65 °C B above 65 °C below 65 °C C below 65 °C above 65 °C D below 65 °C below 65 °C

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2019

32 A substance is a gas when its temperature is 65 °C. How do the boiling point and the melting point of this substance compare with 65 °C? boiling point melting point A above 65 °C above 65 °C B above 65 °C below 65 °C C below 65 °C above 65 °C D below 65 °C below 65 °C

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2019

32 A substance is a gas when its temperature is 65 °C. How do the boiling point and the melting point of this substance compare with 65 °C? boiling point melting point A above 65 °C above 65 °C B above 65 °C below 65 °C C below 65 °C above 65 °C D below 65 °C below 65 °C

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2019

30 A liquid starts to evaporate. Which molecules escape, and what happens to the temperature of the remaining liquid? temperature of the molecules that escape remaining liquid A less energetic decreases B less energetic increases C more energetic decreases D more energetic increases

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/13 May/June 2020

32 Which labelled arrow on the diagram represents condensation? A liquid gas B C D solid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2021

32 Which labelled arrow on the diagram represents condensation? A liquid gas B C D solid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2021

32 Which labelled arrow on the diagram represents condensation? A liquid gas B C D solid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2021

32 The diagram shows the change in the arrangement of the atoms in a substance that is changing state. changes to What is the change of state? A boiling B condensation C melting D solidification

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/12 Feb/March 2022

33 What happens to the temperature of a substance as it is melting and as it is boiling? melting boiling A decreases increases B decreases no change C increases increases D no change no change

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2022

33 What happens to the temperature of a substance as it is melting and as it is boiling? melting boiling A decreases increases B decreases no change C increases increases D no change no change

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/13 May/June 2022

32 A bowl of water is placed on a balance outside where it is sunny and windy. The reading on the balance is recorded. After some time, the reading on the balance is less than the original reading. Which statement explains why the reading is less? A The water has become cooler. B The water has become warmer. C The water has condensed. D The water has evaporated.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2022

33 Which term describes a gas changing into a liquid? A boiling B condensation C evaporation D melting

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0654/11 May/June 2023

31 Which statement about gas particles is not correct? A Increasing the temperature of a gas makes the gas particles move more slowly. B The gas particles are in constant random motion. C The pressure of a gas is caused by the collision of gas particles with the container. D Very small particles suspended in a gas are in constant random motion.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2023

31 Which statement about gas particles is not correct? A Increasing the temperature of a gas makes the gas particles move more slowly. B The gas particles are in constant random motion. C The pressure of a gas is caused by the collision of gas particles with the container. D Very small particles suspended in a gas are in constant random motion.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/13 May/June 2023

32 Someone wearing wet clothes can feel cold even on a warm day. Why do they feel cold? A Water gives out heat as it evaporates. B Water takes in heat as it evaporates. C Water vapour gives out heat as it condenses. D Water vapour takes in heat as it condenses.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2023

32 A gas is contained in a cylinder of constant volume. The gas is cooled. What happens to the speed of the molecules of the gas and to the pressure of the gas? speed of pressure molecules of gas A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2023

31 A sample of liquid cools for 20 minutes. Its temperature is recorded every 2 minutes. The results are shown. time / minutes 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 temperature / C 90.8 80.9 74.1 67.4 61.9 57.0 53.0 50.2 48.5 47.3 46.1 How should the sample be described at the end of 18 minutes? A all liquid B all solid C in the process of boiling D in the process of solidifying

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2023

32 What are the names for the changes of state between solids, liquids and gases? solid to liquid liquid to gas A melting condensation B melting evaporation C solidification condensation D solidification evaporation

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2024

32 What are the names for the changes of state between solids, liquids and gases? solid to liquid liquid to gas A melting condensation B melting evaporation C solidification condensation D solidification evaporation

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2024

31 Liquid in a beaker evaporates quickly. Which row shows what happens to the mass and to the temperature of the liquid remaining in the beaker? mass temperature A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 May/June 2025

31 Liquid in a beaker evaporates quickly. Which row shows what happens to the mass and to the temperature of the liquid remaining in the beaker? mass temperature A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/13 May/June 2025

31 Which labelled arrow on the diagram represents condensation? A liquid gas B D C solid

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/11 Oct/Nov 2025

31 Which statement describes the behaviour of particles during the evaporation of a liquid? A Only the more energetic particles escape. B Particles bond together. C Particles move closer together. D The least energetic particles escape first.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/12 Oct/Nov 2025

31 Which statement describes the behaviour of particles during the evaporation of a liquid? A Only the more energetic particles escape. B Particles bond together. C Particles move closer together. D The least energetic particles escape first.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/13 Oct/Nov 2025