Water — Paper 1 · A Level Biology 9700

11 Certain insects are able to stand on the surface of ponds. Which property of water allows them to do this? A adhesion with other molecules B cohesion between water molecules C low viscosity D maximum density at 4 oC

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2004

12 The movement of water through the vascular tissue in plants relies on which property of water? A changes in density with temperature B good solvent for ions and polar molecules C high specific heat capacity D strong cohesive forces between molecules

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2006

11 As a frozen lake warms after a cold winter, mineral nutrients are brought to the surface. Which properties of water contribute to this process? 1 its greatest density is at 4 °C 2 it has high specific heat capacity 3 it is a solvent 4 its molecules form hydrogen bonds A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2006

11 As a frozen lake warms after a cold winter, mineral nutrients are brought to the surface. Which properties of water contribute to this process? 1 Its greatest density is at 4 °C. 2 It has high specific heat capacity. 3 It is a solvent. 4 Its molecules form hydrogen bonds. A 1 and 3 only B 1 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2010

31 As a frozen lake warms after a cold winter, mineral nutrients are brought to the surface. Which properties of water contribute to this process? 1 Its greatest density is at 4 °C. 2 It has high specific heat capacity. 3 It is a solvent. 4 Its molecules form hydrogen bonds. A 1 and 3 only B 1 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2010

37 As a frozen lake warms after a cold winter, mineral nutrients are brought to the surface. Which properties of water contribute to this process? 1 Its greatest density is at 4 °C. 2 It has high specific heat capacity. 3 It is a solvent. 4 Its molecules form hydrogen bonds. A 1 and 3 only B 1 and 4 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2010

10 Water is important to living organisms because it A acts as an excellent solvent for transport of dissolved glucose and urea. B becomes more dense in its solid form, ice, than its liquid state. C is used in condensation reactions to synthesise macromolecules. D requires a small increase in heat energy to raise its temperature.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2010

11 Which property of water makes it most suitable for transport in eukaryotic organisms? A density B ionisation C latent heat of vaporisation D solvent properties

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

17 Which property of water makes it most suitable for transport in eukaryotic organisms? A density B ionisation C latent heat of vaporisation D solvent properties

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

11 Which molecules have properties that are dependent on hydrogen bonds? 1 cellulose 2 glycogen 3 haemoglobin 4 water A 1, 2 and 3 only B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 2, 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2013

13 Why may fish living in ponds survive temperatures below 0 °C in winter? A Fish body tissues produce an enzyme which prevents blood from freezing. B The ice on the pond surface insulates the water in the pond. C The plants in the pond help to keep the water temperature above 0 °C. D The rocks in the pond warm up during the day and heat the water.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2013

13 Which feature of water is least likely to affect the life of an animal in a tropical rain forest? A adhesion with other molecules B cohesion between water molecules C low viscosity D maximum density at 4 °C

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2013

11 Which molecule has properties that are not dependent on hydrogen bonds? A cellulose B glycogen C haemoglobin D water

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2013

13 When the ice on the surface of a pond melts, which changes benefit the ecosystem in the pond? 1 The melted water sinks to the bottom of the pond. 2 The water from the bottom of the pond brings dissolved minerals to the surface. 3 Warmer water dissolves more oxygen for the aerobic organisms. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2013

22 The statements describe some of the properties of water. 1 requires a lot of heat energy to evaporate 2 retains a lot of heat energy 3 is able to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules 4 is able to form hydrogen bonds with other polar and non-polar molecules Which properties are important for transport in xylem? A 1, 2 and 3 only B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1 and 3 only D 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2013

12 The statements are about the properties of water. 1 It requires a lot of heat to evaporate. 2 It retains a lot of heat. 3 It is able to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. 4 It is able to form hydrogen bonds with other polar and non-polar molecules. Which properties are important in transpiring plants to prevent enzymes in leaves from being denatured? A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2014

12 Polar molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other. Which properties of water result from its molecules being polar? 1 good solvent 2 high specific heat capacity 3 high surface tension 4 cohesive A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 3 only C 1, 2 and 4 only D 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2015

9 The statements are about the properties of water. 1 ability to form hydrogen bonds with other molecules 2 less dense when frozen 3 able to hold a lot of heat What allows a small insect to rest on the surface of a pond? A 1 and 2 B 2 and 3 C 1 only D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2015

10 Which properties of water are a result of only cohesion? 1 The water has a high surface tension. 2 Water moves up xylem vessels. 3 Water is an excellent solvent. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 only D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2015

23 Which force holds water molecules on the surface of cell walls? A adhesion B capillarity C cohesion D surface tension

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2015

24 The statements are about the properties of water. 1 requires a lot of heat to evaporate 2 holds a lot of heat 3 is able to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules 4 is able to form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules Which properties are important for translocation in phloem? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2015

11 When a lake begins to freeze, which properties of water are needed for fish to survive? 1 2 3 4 — Water has a high surface tension. Water has a high latent heat of vaporisation. Water has a high thermal capacity. Water has its maximum density at 4°C. 0 0O WwW D> x «KS key / = needed X = not needed S << & & [a ~*~ QL €® LI N €& NN fe

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2015

11 As a frozen lake warms after a cold winter, mineral nutrients are brought to the surface. Which properties of water contribute to this process? 1 Its greatest density is at 4 °C. 2 It has high specific heat capacity. 3 It is a solvent. 4 Its molecules form hydrogen bonds. A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2015

29 Which properties of water are important for transport in xylem? 1 cohesion 2 adhesion 3 high energy requirement for evaporation 4 good solvent properties A 1, 2 and 4 B 1 and 4 only C 2, 3 and 4 D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2018

12 Which statement about the properties of water is correct? A Bonds between hydrogen atoms cause water to have a high specific heat capacity. B The high latent heat of vaporisation of water is due to the presence of hydrogen bonds. C The high specific heat capacity of water causes cooling during evaporation. D Water can dissolve amylopectin as it has hydrophilic side chains.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2018

28 Which of the processes involved in water movement through xylem vessels depends on hydrogen bonding between water molecules? A adhesion B cohesion C evaporation D hydrostatic pressure

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2018

8 Which pair of statements are correct? A Carbon and oxygen occur in a ratio of 2 : 1 in carbohydrates. Triglycerides are soluble in water. B Glycolipids are found in all cell surface membranes. Carbohydrates are stored as starch in plants. C Phospholipids all have two saturated hydrocarbon chains. Polysaccharides are polymers. D Water is released during the formation of a glycosidic bond. Phospholipids all have three ester bonds.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2018

18 When red blood cells are put into pure water they burst (haemolysis). Which statements explain this haemolysis? 1 The water potential of the surrounding liquid is lower than the water potential of the contents of the red blood cell. 2 The cell surface membranes of red blood cells are not supported by cell walls. 3 More water moves into the red blood cells by osmosis than leaves the cells. 4 Water enters the red blood cells by osmosis but does not leave the cells. A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2018

26 Which properties of water molecules are important in the upward flow of water through xylem? 1 Water molecules are attracted to each other by hydrogen bonding. 2 Water molecules are attracted to cellulose by adhesion. 3 Water molecules have high cohesion in water columns. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2018

13 Which diagram correctly shows hydrogen bonding between water molecules? The symbol δ indicates the partial charge on an atom in the water molecule. A B C D δ+ δ+ δ– δ– O H O H δ– δ– δ– δ– δ+ δ+ δ– δ+ H H O O H H O O δ+ δ+ δ– δ– O H O H δ– δ– δ– δ– δ+ δ+ δ– δ+ H H O O H H O O

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2018

17 Which statements about the movement of water in and out of cells are correct? 1 Water moves from regions of more negative water potential to regions of less negative water potential. 2 Water can cross cell membranes by passing through channel proteins. 3 Water can pass through cellulose cell walls. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2019

9 Which molecules have properties that are dependent on hydrogen bonds? 1 cellulose 2 glycogen 3 haemoglobin 4 water A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2019

13 A student wrote four statements about water. 1 Water has a high specific heat capacity which maintains the temperature of water within cells. Mammals rely on water having a relatively low latent heat of vapourisation to keep them cool. When a negatively charged ion is added to water, the 5° charge on the hydrogen atom is attracted to the ion. When surrounded by water, non-polar molecules tend to be pushed apart from one another. Which statements are correct? 0 0O WwW D> x KOK key JY = correct X = not correct \ <x x x «KX x K & &

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2019

12 Hydrogen bonding explains many of the properties of water, including the high latent heat of vapourisation and high specific heat capacity. For which processes in plants is hydrogen bonding in water important on hot sunny days? 1 preventing denaturation of enzymes in leaves 2 reducing water loss by evaporation 3 allowing leaves to cool down quickly at night 4 holding the column of water in xylem vessels together A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2020

27 Which arrangement of four molecules of water shows how water may cohere when moving up a xylem vessel? A B key oxygen atom hydrogen atom hydrogen bond C D

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2020

12 The diagram represents roles of water in living organisms. 1 carries dissolved substances role of water in living organisms 2 3 provides a constant temperature control environment for due to evaporation aquatic organisms Which roles are dependent upon hydrogen bonds between water molecules? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2020

12 Which properties of water reduce temperature changes inside cells? 1 cohesion 2 latent heat of vaporisation 3 specific heat capacity A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2020

24 Which properties of water molecules are important in the upward flow of water through the xylem? 1 Water molecules are attracted to each other by hydrogen bonding. 2 Water molecules are attracted to cellulose by adhesion. 3 Water molecules have high cohesion in water columns. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2021

9 Which properties of phospholipids explain why single layers of phospholipids added to water immediately form bilayers? 1 The hydrophobic fatty acid chains repel water molecules so the tails pack together. 2 The non-polar fatty acid chains are attracted to each other by hydrophobic interactions. 3 Hydrogen bonds form between the phosphate groups and water. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2021

26 Water molecules are attracted to each other. This property is important in the upward movement of water in xylem. Which term is used to describe the attraction of water molecules to each other? A adhesion B cohesion C hydrophilic D polar

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2021

13 Which properties of water are the result of hydrogen bonding between water molecules? 1 solvent action 2 specific heat capacity 3 latent heat of vapourisation A 1 and 3 B 1 only C 2 and 3 D 2 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2021

7 Which have properties that are dependent on hydrogen bonds? 1 cellulose 2 a molecule of haemoglobin 3 water A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2022

10 A student wrote four statements about water. 1 Water has a high specific heat capacity which maintains the temperature of water within cells. Mammals rely on water having a relatively low latent heat of vaporisation to keep them cool. When a negatively charged ion is added to water, the 5° charge on the hydrogen atom is attracted to the ion. When surrounded by water, non-polar molecules tend to be pushed apart from one another. Which statements are correct? 1 2 3 4 A Jv x Jv J key B v x v Xx ¥ = correct Cc x v x v X = not correct D x Jv x x

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2022

26 Which molecules form hydrogen bonds with water during transpiration? 1 cellulose in the xylem wall 2 suberin in the xylem wall 3 other water molecules in the xylem A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2022

14 Batrachotoxin is a poison found in frogs in the Colombian jungle. The poison is used to produce poison darts. The poison works by increasing the permeability of the cell surface membrane of nerve and muscle cells to sodium ions, which move out of the cells. Four students made statements about how the poison affects the cells. 1 Water leaves the cells by osmosis, causing the cells to shrink. 2 Water enters the cells by osmosis, causing the cells to burst. 3 When the sodium ions move out of the cells the intracellular fluid has a more positive water potential than the extracellular fluid. 4 When the sodium ions move out of the cells the extracellular fluid has a more positive water potential than the intracellular fluid. Which statements are correct for the cells affected by batrachotoxin? A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2022

27 The statements describe some of the properties of water. 1 requires a lot of heat energy to evaporate 2 retains a lot of heat energy 3 is able to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules 4 is able to form hydrogen bonds with other polar and non-polar molecules Which properties are also important for transport in xylem? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1 and 3 only D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2022

13 Which diagram correctly shows hydrogen bonding between two water molecules? A B C D + + δ+ +δ δ– –δ – – H H H H H H H H O H O O H O O H O O H O – + – δ– δ+ δ– δ+ δ– δ+ + – + H H H H + δ+ δ– –

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2023

11 Which statement correctly explains why blood plasma can be maintained at a stable temperature? A It has a low specific heat capacity. B It has a high specific heat capacity. C It has a low latent heat of vaporisation. D It has a high latent heat of vaporisation.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2023

24 What is the correct term to describe intermolecular hydrogen bonding between water molecules? A adhesion B cohesion C osmosis D diffusion

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2023

12 What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds that can form between two single water molecules? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2023

32 Which properties of water are essential for its role in the transport of blood in mammals? high latent heat solvent for polar of vaporisation substances A v x key B x v ¥ = essential Cc v v X = not essential D x x

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2023

12 Hydrogen bonding explains many of the properties of water, including the high latent heat of vaporisation and high specific heat capacity. For which processes in plants is hydrogen bonding in water important on hot sunny days? 1 preventing denaturation of enzymes in leaves 2 reducing water loss by evaporation 3 allowing leaves to cool down quickly at night 4 holding the column of water in xylem vessels together A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2023

33 Which property of water, related to its role in blood and tissue fluid, is correctly described? A Water is a solvent for all biological molecules. B Water is a solvent for most non-polar molecules. C Water requires little energy to increase its temperature because it has a high specific heat capacity. D Water cools down slowly because it has a high specific heat capacity.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Feb/March 2024

5 What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds that can form between a single water molecule and other water molecules? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2024

5 What causes the phosphate heads of phospholipids to become polar? A The phosphate heads are joined to water molecules by hydrogen bonds. B The phosphate heads are insoluble in water. C The phosphate heads become ionised in water. D The phosphate heads are joined to water molecules by covalent bonds.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2024

25 Which properties of water are dependent on hydrogen bonding between water molecules? cohesion high latent heat solvent high specific of vaporisation action heat capacity A v v v x B v v x v Cc v x v v D x v v v key Jv = dependent X = not dependent

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2024

9 Which statements are correct reasons for how animals cool down in hot environments using latent heat of vaporisation of water? 1 Some animals lie down and roll in wet soil. 2 Fish move into deeper water. 3 Some animals lick their fur to make it wet. 4 Some animals breathe quickly with a wet tongue hanging out of their mouth. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2024

10 Which property of water enables sweating to be an efficient means of losing heat from the body? A The latent heat of vaporisation of water is high. B The specific heat capacity of water is high. C Each water molecule can form a hydrogen bond with four water molecules. D The forces of cohesion and adhesion on water molecules are very high.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2025

19 The graph shows the results of an osmosis investigation using potato tissue. 20 15 10 5 percentage change 0 in mass 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 –5 concentration of sodium chloride / mol dm–3 concentration of sodium chloride concentration of sodium chloride / mol mol dm dm–3 –3 –10 –15 –20 What is the concentration of sodium chloride solution that has the equivalent water potential to this potato tissue and what is correct about the movement of water at that point? A 0.37 mol dm–3 and no net movement of water B 17 mol dm–3 and net movement of water out of the potato tissue C 0 mol dm–3 and no net movement of water D 0.9 mol dm–3 and net movement of water into the potato tissue

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2025

14 Which property of water means that there are relatively small changes in the temperature of the oceans and of the cytoplasm within cells? A the high latent heat of vaporisation of water B the high specific heat capacity of water C the low specific heat capacity of water D the low latent heat of vaporisation of water

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2025

28 The diagram shows a bond between two molecules transported in a xylem vessel. δ– O bond R δ+ δ+ H H δ– O δ+ δ+ H H Which row correctly names bond R and states the role of the bond between these molecules for their transport in a xylem vessel? role of the bond between name of bond R these molecules for their transport in a xylem vessel A hydrogen adhesion of the molecules to the wall of the xylem vessel B hydrogen cohesion of the molecules in the lumen of the xylem vessel C ionic adhesion of the molecules to the wall of the xylem vessel D ionic cohesion of the molecules in the lumen of the xylem vessel

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2025

12 Which diagram shows where a hydrogen bond occurs between two water molecules? A B δ– δ– O O δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ H H H H δ– δ+ δ+ O H H δ+ δ+ H H O δ– key C D hydrogen bond δ+ δ+ O O δ– δ– δ– δ– H H H H δ– δ– δ+ H H O δ– δ– O H H δ+

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/14 May/June 2025

13 Some detergents disrupt hydrogen bonds between water molecules. Which row shows the correct effects of detergent on the specific heat capacity and latent heat of vaporisation of water? specific heat latent heat of capacity vaporisation A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/14 May/June 2025

24 The diagram represents a molecule of ATP. J K L What are the components of ATP labelled J, K and L? J K L A adenine deoxyribose phosphates B adenosine pentose a phosphate group C adenosine ribose phosphorus D purine pentose phosphates

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2025