Transfer of thermal energy — Paper 2 · IGCSE Sciences - Co-ordinated (Double) 0654

33 Bread can be cooked by placing it below a heating element. heating element bread Which process transfers thermal energy from the heating element to the bread? A conduction B convection C evaporation D radiation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/21 May/June 2017

34 Bread can be cooked by placing it below a heating element. heating element bread Which process transfers thermal energy from the heating element to the bread? A conduction B convection C evaporation D radiation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/22 May/June 2017

33 Bread can be cooked by placing it below a heating element. heating element bread Which process transfers thermal energy from the heating element to the bread? A conduction B convection C evaporation D radiation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/23 May/June 2017

33 A boy sits near a campfire. He holds an iron bar with one end in the fire. His hand becomes hot. iron bar In which ways does thermal energy (heat) from the fire reach his hand? A conduction and convection only B conduction and radiation only C convection and radiation only D conduction, convection and radiation

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0654/21 Oct/Nov 2017

33 Which statement describes why convection is the main method of heat transfer in liquids? A Heating a liquid decreases its density. B Heating a liquid decreases its thermal capacity. C Heating a liquid increases its density. D Heating a liquid increases its thermal capacity.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/22 Oct/Nov 2017

32 One type of double glazing consists of two panes of glass separated by a vacuum. glass glass vacuum Which methods of energy transfer are prevented by the vacuum? A conduction and convection only B conduction and radiation only C convection and radiation only D conduction, convection and radiation

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/23 Oct/Nov 2017

34 There is a vacuum between the double walls of a vacuum flask. Which types of heat transfer are reduced by the vacuum? A conduction, convection and radiation B conduction and convection only C conduction and radiation only D convection and radiation only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0654/21 Oct/Nov 2018

32 There is a vacuum between the double walls of a vacuum flask. Which types of heat transfer are reduced by the vacuum? A conduction, convection and radiation B conduction and convection only C conduction and radiation only D convection and radiation only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0654/22 Oct/Nov 2018

32 There is a vacuum between the double walls of a vacuum flask. Which types of heat transfer are reduced by the vacuum? A conduction, convection and radiation B conduction and convection only C conduction and radiation only D convection and radiation only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0654/23 Oct/Nov 2018

32 Two identical metal containers are painted. One is painted dull black and the other is painted shiny silver. They contain equal volumes of water and are placed outside on a sunny day. The temperature of the water in the black container increases more quickly than the temperature of the water in the silver container. Why does this happen? A The black container is the better absorber of radiation from the Sun. B The black container is the better conductor of heat. C The black container is the better emitter of radiation. D The black container is the better reflector of radiation from the Sun.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/21 May/June 2019

37 The cooling unit in a refrigerator is fitted at the top in the position shown in the diagrams. Which diagram shows the convection current in the air in the refrigerator? A B cooling unit cooling unit C D cooling unit cooling unit

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/23 May/June 2019

32 Which statement describes the conduction of thermal energy through a metal bar? A Atoms at the hot end move to the cold end. B Atoms at the hot end vibrate and hit atoms at the cold end. C Free electrons move from the hot end and collide with atoms further along the rod. D Free electrons vibrate and pass energy on to their neighbours.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/22 Oct/Nov 2019

34 A hot water tank is fitted with two identical heaters P and Q. Heater P is fitted above heater Q as shown. The tank is full of cold water. heater P heater Q When only heater Q is switched on, it takes a long time to heat the tank of water to 60 C. What happens to the cold water when only heater P is switched on? A All the water reaches 60 C in less time. B All the water reaches 60 C in the same time. C The water below heater P reaches 60 C in less time. D The water above heater P reaches 60 C in less time.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/21 May/June 2020

31 A hot water tank is fitted with two identical heaters P and Q. Heater P is fitted above heater Q as shown. The tank is full of cold water. heater P heater Q When only heater Q is switched on, it takes a long time to heat the tank of water to 60 °C. What happens to the cold water when only heater P is switched on? A All the water reaches 60 °C in less time. B All the water reaches 60 °C in the same time. C The water below heater P reaches 60 °C in less time. D The water above heater P reaches 60 °C in less time.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/22 May/June 2020

32 A hot water tank is fitted with two identical heaters P and Q. Heater P is fitted above heater Q as shown. The tank is full of cold water. heater P heater Q When only heater Q is switched on, it takes a long time to heat the tank of water to 60 °C. What happens to the cold water when only heater P is switched on? A All the water reaches 60 °C in less time. B All the water reaches 60 °C in the same time. C The water below heater P reaches 60 °C in less time. D The water above heater P reaches 60 °C in less time.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/23 May/June 2020

33 Three identical metal cans X, Y and Z are painted. X is painted dull black, Y is painted dull white and Z is painted shiny silver. All three cans are filled with the same amount of water at 100 C. They are left in a cool room for the same amount of time. Which row shows possible temperatures of the water in each of the cans after this time? temperature of water in temperature of water in temperature of water in X / C Y / C Z / C A 35 39 42 B 35 42 39 C 42 39 35 D 42 35 39

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/21 Oct/Nov 2020

32 An electric kettle is switched on and the temperature of the water in it increases to 60 C. What is the main method of heat transfer within the water? A boiling B conduction C convection D radiation

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/22 Oct/Nov 2020

32 Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is often involved in thermal energy transfer by radiation? A infrared B radio C ultraviolet D X-rays

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/23 Oct/Nov 2020

31 In a room, hot air above a heater rises and is replaced by cool air that falls. What is the name of this process, and how does the density of the hot air compare with the density of the cool air? process density of hot air A conduction greater than cool air B conduction less than cool air C convection greater than cool air D convection less than cool air

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/22 Feb/March 2021

33 Which example of thermal conduction involves energy transfer by electrons? A A person’s feet become warm when walking on hot sand. B Chocolate becomes warm if it is held in a hand. C One end of a metal spoon becomes hot when the other end is placed in hot water. D The outside of a plastic mug filled with hot water becomes hot.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/21 May/June 2021

34 Which colour of outer clothing helps to keep the wearer cool on a hot, sunny day, and why is this clothing effective? colour of clothing why it is effective A black it is a good absorber of radiation from the Sun B black it is a poor absorber of radiation from the Sun C white it is a good absorber of radiation from the Sun D white it is a poor absorber of radiation from the Sun

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/21 May/June 2021

34 Four identical metal cans contain equal quantities of water at 80 C. The outer surfaces of two of the cans are dull and the outer surfaces of the other two cans are shiny. Lids are put on two of the cans, as shown. All the cans are allowed to cool. Which can cools the fastest? A B C D lid lid water water dull dull shiny shiny

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/22 May/June 2021

32 A solid metal transfers energy by thermal conduction. What causes this transfer? A molecular vibration and moving electrons B molecular vibration only C moving electrons only D neither molecular vibration nor moving electrons

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/23 May/June 2021

33 Thermal energy can be transferred through a solid metal by conduction. Which row describes how the molecules and free electrons in a solid metal behave during this process? molecules free electrons A move throughout the solid move throughout the solid B move throughout the solid vibrate about fixed positions C vibrate about fixed positions move throughout the solid D vibrate about fixed positions vibrate about fixed positions

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/23 Oct/Nov 2021

31 The diagram shows an object made partly of wood and partly of iron. Thermal energy is supplied in the position shown. Point P is marked at the bottom of the object. thermal energy wood iron P How does most thermal energy reach point P? A by conduction through the iron B by conduction through the wood C by convection through the iron D by convection through the wood

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/22 Feb/March 2022

33 Solid metals transfer thermal energy by conduction. Which conduction process occurs only in metals? A Atoms move freely through the solid and carry energy. B Atoms vibrate about fixed positions and pass energy to neighbouring atoms. C Electrons move freely through the solid and carry energy. D Electrons vibrate about fixed positions and pass energy to neighbouring electrons.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/22 May/June 2022

33 One cause of air movement in the atmosphere is convection. Which statement describes air that rises in the atmosphere due to convection? A It is cooler and less dense than the surrounding air. B It is cooler and more dense than the surrounding air. C It is warmer and less dense than the surrounding air. D It is warmer and more dense than the surrounding air.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/22 Oct/Nov 2022

31 Which statement about thermal radiation is correct? A A dull surface is a good absorber and a good reflector of thermal radiation. B A dull surface is a poor absorber and a poor reflector of thermal radiation. C A shiny surface is a good absorber but a poor reflector of thermal radiation. D A shiny surface is a poor absorber but a good reflector of thermal radiation.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/21 May/June 2023

33 Two methods of cooking are grilling under a red-hot heater and frying in a shallow metal pan. heater food shallow metal pan air food method 1: grilling method 2: frying How does thermal energy pass through the air to reach the food in method 1 and how does thermal energy pass through the bottom of the metal pan in method 2? method 1 method 2 A convection conduction B convection radiation C radiation conduction D radiation radiation

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/22 May/June 2023

33 A vacuum flask uses a vacuum between two shiny surfaces to keep a drink hot for a long time. glass walls with silvered surfaces hot drink vacuum How do the vacuum and the shiny surfaces help to keep the drink hot? vacuum shiny surfaces A prevents conduction and convection reduce conduction and radiation B prevents conduction and convection reduce radiation only C prevents radiation reduce conduction and convection D prevents radiation reduce convection only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0654/21 Oct/Nov 2023

33 Which statement explains why metals are better thermal conductors than non-metals? A Atoms in metals are fixed in a lattice by bonds. B Atoms in metals vibrate about fixed positions. C Metals contain free electrons. D Metals contain free protons.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/23 Oct/Nov 2023

32 In a room, hot air above a heater rises and is replaced by cool air that falls. What is the name of this process, and how does the density of the hot air compare with the density of the cool air? process density of hot air A conduction greater than cool air B conduction less than cool air C convection greater than cool air D convection less than cool air

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/21 May/June 2024

32 Which region of the electromagnetic spectrum is often involved in heat transfer by radiation? A infrared B radio C ultraviolet D X-rays

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/22 May/June 2024

32 Water in a metal pan is heated on a gas burner. What are the main methods by which heat is transferred through the metal pan to the water and throughout the water? A conduction through the metal pan and convection in the water B convection through the metal pan and conduction in the water C convection through the metal pan and radiation in the water D radiation through the metal pan and conduction in the water

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/22 Oct/Nov 2024

32 There is a vacuum in the space between the Sun and the Earth. How is thermal energy transferred from the Sun to the Earth? A by conduction only B by convection only C by radiation only D by convection and radiation

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/23 Oct/Nov 2024

32 Which method of thermal energy transfer occurs in a vacuum and which region of the electromagnetic spectrum is mainly involved in this type of thermal energy transfer? region of the method of thermal electromagnetic energy transfer spectrum A convection infrared B convection radio waves C radiation infrared D radiation radio waves

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/22 Feb/March 2025

33 Four rods have the same dimensions. They are made of four different metals and are all at room temperature. All the rods are heated equally at one end for the same time. The final temperature of the other end of each rod is shown in the table. Which rod is the worst conductor of heat? final temperature / °C A 50 B 62 C 70 D 82

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/22 Feb/March 2025

32 Some materials use atomic or molecular lattice vibrations and some materials use the movement of delocalised electrons for thermal conduction. Which row shows the correct materials? atomic or molecular movement of lattice vibrations delocalised electrons A metals only metals and plastics B plastics only metals and plastics C metals and plastics metals only D metals and plastics plastics only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/21 May/June 2025

33 Which surface is the best absorber of thermal radiation? A dull black B dull white C shiny black D shiny white

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/21 May/June 2025

31 Which surface reflects the most thermal radiation? A a black, dull surface B a black, shiny surface C a white, dull surface D a white, shiny surface

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/22 May/June 2025

30 Which material is a good thermal conductor? A aluminium B cardboard C rubber D wool

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0654/23 May/June 2025

31 At the coast on a hot day, the air above the land is warmer than the air above the sea. This causes a convection current. The convection current causes a gentle wind. warmer air cooler air land sea Which row describes the density of the air above the land and the direction of the wind? density of air above land direction of wind A greater than above sea from land to sea B greater than above sea from sea to land C less than above sea from land to sea D less than above sea from sea to land

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/23 May/June 2025

32 What is the main method of thermal energy transfer in liquid water? A boiling B conduction C convection D radiation

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0654/22 Oct/Nov 2025

32 Which row shows the colour of outer clothing that helps to keep the wearer cool on a hot, sunny day and the reason why this colour is effective? colour reason A black it is a good absorber of radiation from the Sun B black it is a bad absorber of radiation from the Sun C white it is a good absorber of radiation from the Sun D white it is a bad absorber of radiation from the Sun

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0654/23 Oct/Nov 2025