Biodiversity — Paper 1 · A Level Biology 9700

40 What name is given to all the organisms of different species living in an area? A community B ecosystem C niche D population

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2004

38 A tree carries out photosynthesis and provides organic compounds for other organisms in a forest. It takes carbon dioxide from and returns oxygen to the atmosphere. It takes water from the soil into its roots and its leaves lose water to the atmosphere. Many other organisms live in the tree. Which of these terms applies to the description of the tree? A community B ecosystem C habitat D niche

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2006

39 Which box contains only the parts of an ecosystem which are classed as a food web? A B C secondary consumers primary consumers decomposers D energy from primary producers sunlight inorganic minerals inorganic minerals

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2006

40 Which process does not make nitrogen-containing compounds available to plants? A ammonification by decomposers B denitrification by denitrifying bacteria C nitrogen fixation in plant root nodules D nitrogen fixation by soil bacteria

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2006

38 The diagram shows a food web. seagull starfish herbivorous molluscs sea urchin barnacles crustaceans zooplankton algae detritus How many trophic levels are represented in the food web? A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2006

38 Which statement explains why two species cannot permanently occupy the same ecological niche? A The two species could not interbreed. B The two species may be part of separate food webs. C The two species would compete for the same resources. D The two species would have different nutritional requirements.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2007

39 The diagram shows some chemical conversions during the nitrogen cycle. nitrogen gas in air organic nitrogen in organic nitrogen leguminous plants in soil Which conversions involve microorganisms? nitrates in the soil stage P Q R A J x x key B v v v ¥ = involves microorganisms Cc x v v X = does not involve microorganisms D x x x

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2008

40 What is the correct match of example to ecological term? community ecosystem population niche A all lake organisms freshwater lake freshwater shrimps pond weed as primary producer B freshwater shrimps all lake organisms pond weed as freshwater lake primary producer C freshwater lake pond weed as freshwater shrimps all lake organisms primary producer D freshwater shrimps freshwater lake all lake organisms pond weed as primary producer

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2008

38 The diagram shows a simplified nitrogen cycle. During which stage does nitrification take place? nitrogen in atmosphere A plant animal proteins proteins D death and decay B ammonium compounds C nitrites nitrates

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

39 Grasshoppers eat only the leaves of grass. Grasshoppers are eaten by carnivorous beetles. What does this description of grasshoppers give us sufficient information to define? 1 habitat 2 niche 3 trophic level A 2 only B 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

40 Of the prey consumed by the lion, into which box does the largest amount of energy go? B C energy used in growth, energy lost as repair and reproduction heat from A respiration energy lost in urine energy assimilated energy consumed energy consumed energy lost in faeces D

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2008

38 The diagram shows an arctic ecosystem. polar bear glaucous gull ringed seal little auk arctic cod squid amphipods shrimps herbivorous copepods phytoplankton sunlight How many trophic levels are represented? A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

39 A tree carries out photosynthesis and provides organic compounds for other organisms in a forest. It takes carbon dioxide from and returns oxygen to the atmosphere. It takes water from the soil into its roots and its leaves lose water to the atmosphere. Many other organisms live in the tree. Which term applies to the description of the tree? A ecosystem B habitat C niche D trophic level

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2009

39 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle. nitrogen gas 2 1 reduction nitrate ions (NO3) – ammonium ions (NH4) + reduction 4 ammonium ions (NH4) + proteins 3 Which sequence of numbers correctly shows the roles of different types of microorganism in the nitrogen cycle? decomposing denitrifying nitrifying (putrefying) bacteria bacteria bacteria A 2 4 3 B 3 1 2 C 3 1 4 D 4 2 1

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2010

40 Two species of animal are found in the same area of forest and grassland. In the spring and summer they eat the same plant food. However, in the autumn and winter one eats nuts in the forest and the other eats roots on the grassland. Both species are preyed upon by the same predator. Numbers of root-eating animals are reduced most by this, but they recover faster since they reproduce faster. What can be concluded about these two species of animals? 1 They are part of the same community. 2 They are at different trophic levels. 3 They occupy different habitats. 4 They have different niches. A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 4 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 1, 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2010

10 Two species of animal are found in the same area of forest and grassland. In the spring and summer they eat the same plant food. However, in the autumn and winter one eats nuts in the forest and the other eats roots on the grassland. Both species are preyed upon by the same predator. Numbers of root-eating animals are reduced most by this, but they recover faster since they reproduce faster. What can be concluded about these two species of animals? 1 They are part of the same community. 2 They are at different trophic levels. 3 They occupy different habitats. 4 They have different niches. A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 4 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 1, 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2010

11 The diagram shows a tropical ocean food chain with 10 % efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels. herbivorous carnivorous phytoplankton small fish tuna zooplankton zooplankton Net primary production of phytoplankton is 1300 g m–3 yr –1. What is the net primary production per year for the carnivorous zooplankton and the tuna? net primary production of net primary production of tuna carnivorous zooplankton / g m–3 yr –1 / g m–3 yr–1 A 1.3 × 101 1.3 × 10–1 B 1.3 × 100 1.3 × 10–2 C 1.3 × 10–1 1.3 × 10–2 D 1.3 × 10–2 1.3 × 10–4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2010

29 The diagram shows a tropical ocean food chain with 10 % efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels. herbivorous carnivorous phytoplankton small fish tuna zooplankton zooplankton Net primary production of phytoplankton is 1300 g m–3 yr –1. What is the net primary production per year for the carnivorous zooplankton and the tuna? net primary production of net primary production of tuna carnivorous zooplankton / g m–3 yr –1 / g m–3 yr–1 A 1.3 × 101 1.3 × 10–1 B 1.3 × 100 1.3 × 10–2 C 1.3 × 10–1 1.3 × 10–2 D 1.3 × 10–2 1.3 × 10–4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2010

30 Two species of animal are found in the same area of forest and grassland. In the spring and summer they eat the same plant food. However, in the autumn and winter one eats nuts in the forest and the other eats roots on the grassland. Both species are preyed upon by the same predator. Numbers of root-eating animals are reduced most by this, but they recover faster since they reproduce faster. What can be concluded about these two species of animals? 1 They are part of the same community. 2 They are at different trophic levels. 3 They occupy different habitats. 4 They have different niches. A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 4 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 1, 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2010

39 The diagram represents part of the nitrogen cycle. Which process is carried out by nitrifying bacteria? nitrogen in atmosphere A D ammonia C B nitrogen compounds nitrogen compounds nitrogen compounds in soil in plants in animals

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2010

40 The diagram shows the flow of energy between organisms in an ecosystem. 1 2 3 4 Which correctly identifies each organism in the ecosystem? 1 2 3 4 A primary decomposers secondary producers consumers consumers B primary secondary producers decomposers consumers consumers C secondary decomposers producers primary consumers consumers D secondary primary decomposers producers consumers consumers

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2010

40 Which process does not involve making nitrogen available to plants? A ammonification B denitrification C nitrification D nitrogen fixation

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2011

39 What name is given to all the organisms in an area and their interactions with their environment? A community B ecosystem C habitat D niche

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2011

19 Which process does not involve making nitrogen available to plants? A ammonification B denitrification C nitrification D nitrogen fixation

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2011

38 Which group could be a population? A all the animals and plants on an isolated island B all the birds counted in one day in a garden C all the bacteria in a colony of Bacillus subtilis D all the insects occupying three hectares of farmland

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

39 Which box contains only the parts of an ecosystem which are classed as a food web? A B C secondary consumers primary consumers decomposers D primary producers energy from inorganic sunlight minerals

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

40 The graph shows the annual changes of the following factors in a lake. intensity of light per day numbers of producers numbers of primary consumers quantity of nutrients Which curve represents the numbers of primary consumers? A A increasing quantity B B C C D D winter summer winter time of year

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2011

1 Which group could be a population? A all the animals and plants on an isolated island B all the birds counted in one day in a garden C all the bacteria in a colony of Bacillus subtilis D all the insects occupying three hectares of farmland

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

2 The graph shows the annual changes of the following factors in a lake. intensity of light per day numbers of producers numbers of primary consumers quantity of nutrients Which curve represents the numbers of primary consumers? A A increasing quantity B B C C D D winter summer winter time of year

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

3 Which box contains only the parts of an ecosystem which are classed as a food web? A B C secondary consumers primary consumers decomposers D primary producers energy from inorganic sunlight minerals

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2011

38 What is the ecological definition of the term community? A all the food webs in an ecosystem B all the individuals of one species in an area C all the organisms in an area D the living organisms and their non-living environment

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2012

39 The table shows the results of a field study of four species in a food chain in an area of woodland. number of biomass of one individual energy value per unit species individuals / arbitrary units mass / arbitrary units R 10 000 0.1 1.0 S 5 10.0 2.0 T 500 0.002 1.8 U 3 300 000.0 0.5 What is the energy flow in the food chain? from to A R T S U B S T R U C U R S T D U S T R

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2012

40 The diagram shows the flow of energy through an ecosystem. Photosynthesis is the gross productivity. Producers lose some energy in respiration and the energy left is the net productivity. This can also be expressed as an equation: net productivity = gross productivity – respiration Some of the net productivity passes to herbivores. energy from sunlight photosynthesis 96 % producers gross productivity 4.0 % 2.3 % lost in respiration net productivity 1.8 % 1.0 % to decomposers 0.75 % primary consumers 0.28 % to 0.40 % lost in respiration decomposers 0.075 % secondary consumers 0.069 % to 0.060 % lost in respiration decomposers Which calculation gives the proportion of net productivity passing to herbivores? 0 . 075 0 . 75 0 . 75 ( 0 . 75 + 0 . 075 ) A B C D 1 . 8 1 . 8 4 . 0 1 . 8

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2012

38 The diagram shows a food web. seagull starfish herbivorous molluscs sea urchin barnacles crustaceans zooplankton algae detritus How many trophic levels are represented in the food web? A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2012

39 What is the role of decomposers in the nitrogen cycle? A They convert proteins to ammonium compounds. B They fix atmospheric nitrogen. C They oxidise ammonium compounds to nitrites. D They oxidise nitrites to nitrates.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2012

1 What is the ecological definition of the term community? A all the food webs in an ecosystem B all the individuals of one species in an area C all the organisms in an area D the living organisms and their non-living environment

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2012

38 Which box encloses a community? A sunlight B organisms C soil D weather

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2012

39 The diagram shows a simplified nitrogen cycle. Which arrow represents the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria? nitrogen in atmosphere A plant animal proteins proteins D death and decay B ammonium compounds nitrites C nitrates

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2012

40 The diagram shows some values for gross primary productivity (GPP) and energy flow in an ecosystem, measured in kJ m–2 y–1. solar energy first trophic level 23 000 8000 second trophic level 10 500 third trophic level 4200 What percentage of GPP in the producers can be transferred to the tertiary consumers? A 1.3 % B 6.7 % C 18.3 % D 19.6 %

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2012

38 A primary consumer, X, is removed from a community due to a lethal viral infection. After a time, the size of the populations of some of the organisms shown in the food web changed. Which population of organisms increased? A B C D primary consumer X primary producer

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2012

39 The diagram shows a simplified nitrogen cycle. During which stage does nitrification take place? nitrogen in atmosphere A plant animal proteins proteins D death and decay B ammonium compounds C nitrites nitrates

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2012

38 The diagram shows some of the processes that are involved in the cycling of nitrogen in an ecosystem. atmospheric nitrogen nitrate X ammonium plant compounds protein Which type of bacterium is found at X? A decomposing B denitrifying C nitrifying D nitrogen fixing

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2012

40 A tree carries out photosynthesis and provides organic compounds for other organisms in a forest. It takes carbon dioxide from and returns oxygen to the atmosphere. It takes water from the soil into its roots and its leaves lose water to the atmosphere. Many other organisms live in the tree. Which term describes the tree? A niche B community C ecosystem D trophic level

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2012

38 Termites are insects that build large nests that contain millions of termites of the same species. These nests are common in tropical savanna, which typically consists of grasses with widely spaced trees. Here, the termites feed on wood and other dead plant material. Which statement is correct? A The termites in the nest form a community, the savanna is the ecosystem and they feed as decomposers. B The termites in the nest form a community, the savanna is the ecosystem and they feed as primary consumers. C The termites in the nest form a population, the savanna is both the ecosystem and the habitat and they feed as primary consumers. D The termites in the nest form a population, the savanna is their habitat and they feed as decomposers.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2013

39 During the nitrogen cycle, microorganisms are involved in nitrogen fixation, nitrification and denitrification. What are the correct soil conditions for each process? nitrogen fixation nitrification denitrification A aerobic aerobic anaerobic B aerobic anaerobic aerobic C anaerobic anaerobic aerobic D anaerobic aerobic anaerobic

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2013

40 Which processes are essential in making nitrogen in dead plant material available to growing plants? 1 ammonification 2 deamination 3 nitrification 4 nitrogen fixation A 1, 2 and 3 only B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 2, 3 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2013

38 The diagram shows a simplified nitrogen cycle. nitrate P legume R Q ammonia S nitrogen nitrogen in primary consumers Which row shows the correct labels for P, Q, R and S? P Q R S A denitrification nitrogen decay of leaf ammonification by anaerobic fixation by tissue by by saprotrophic bacteria nitrifying saprotrophic fungi bacteria bacteria B lightning nitrogen decomposition decomposition action on soil fixation by using by root nodule nitrates nitrogen fixing nitrogenase bacteria bacteria enzyme C nitrification nitrification decay of leaf assimilation of by anaerobic using tissue by organic bacteria nitrogenase saprotrophic nitrogen enzyme fungi D reduction by nitrogen decomposition decay of urea anaerobic fixation by of organic by saprotrophic bacteria root nodule nitrogen bacteria bacteria

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2013

39 Which statements about energy flow in ecosystems are correct? 1 All energy eventually leaves ecosystems in the form of heat. 2 The average energy transfer between trophic levels is 10 %. 3 The energy stored and lost from an ecosystem is equal to the energy input from the Sun. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2013

40 In many freshwater ecosystems, the availability of inorganic nitrogen compounds is a limiting factor for growth. This means that producers cannot grow as quickly as they could even though no other factor is limiting. Which statements about these ecosystems are correct? 1 Transfer of energy to higher trophic levels is also limited by availability of these nitrogen compounds. 2 Addition of excess nitrate compounds will benefit all organisms in the ecosystem. 3 The percentage of energy lost between trophic levels will be the same whether nitrogen compounds are limiting or not. 4 Addition of ammonium compounds will cause an increase in the numbers of nitrifying bacteria. A 1, 3 and 4 only B 1 and 3 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 2 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2013

39 Two different ecosystems, X and Y, were compared. Both ecosystems are the same size and both have the same climate. The results of the comparison are shown in the table below. ecosystem X ecosystem Y greater number of trophic levels fewer number of trophic levels lower proportion of decomposers higher proportion of decomposers dominant producer is smaller dominant producer is larger and non-woody and woody has a smaller fluctuation has a larger fluctuation in environmental temperature in environmental temperature has less oxygen has more oxygen Using the information in the table, which statements are a valid suggestion concerning X and Y? 1 A greater percentage of primary producers are likely to be consumed by primary consumers in X than in Y. 2 X could be a marine aquatic ecosystem and Y could be a terrestrial ecosystem. 3 Energy losses between trophic levels are likely to be lower for X than for Y. 4 There is likely to be a higher rate of photosynthesis and production of organic matter in X than in Y. A 2 and 4 only B 1, 2 and 3 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2013

40 The diagram shows the flow of energy in a food web. Which represents the decomposers? A D B C

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2013

38 The graph shows the annual changes of the following factors in a lake. intensity of light per day numbers of producers numbers of primary consumers quantity of nutrients Which curve represents the numbers of producers? A A increasing quantity B B C C D D winter summer winter time of year

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2013

39 Which events can occur in the nitrogen cycle? 1 Inorganic nitrogen in the atmosphere undergoes denitrification by specific prokaryotes. 2 Nitrate concentrations in the soil are increased by nitrifying bacteria in waterlogged soil. 3 Organic nitrogen in legumes passes into the soil where deamination and ammonification occurs. 4 Saprotrophic fungi living in the soil decompose organic nitrogen in faeces. A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 4 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2013

40 Two different ecosystems of the same size, X and Y, were compared. Both ecosystems have the same climate. The results of the comparison are shown. ecosystem X ecosystem Y greater number of trophic levels fewer number of trophic levels lower proportion of decomposers higher proportion of decomposers dominant producer is smaller dominant producer is larger and non-woody and woody has smaller fluctuation has larger fluctuation in environmental temperature in environmental temperature has less oxygen has more oxygen Using the information in the table, which statement is not a valid suggestion concerning X and Y? A A greater percentage of primary producers are likely to be consumed by primary consumers in X than in Y. B X could be a marine aquatic ecosystem and Y could be a terrestrial ecosystem. C Energy losses between trophic levels are likely to be lower for X than for Y. D There is likely to be a higher rate of photosynthesis and production of organic matter in X than in Y.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 Oct/Nov 2013

39 In a mangrove ecosystem, leaves from the grey mangrove plants fall into the water and sink to the mud below. They are then broken down by bacteria and fungi. Invertebrates such as crabs, prawns, and molluscs live in the mud and feed on the dead leaves. The bullseye fish feeds on the invertebrates. Humans eat prawns, crabs and fish. Herons and other wading birds live and breed in the mangroves. These birds feed on invertebrates and fish. What is correct about this ecosystem? A Bacteria, fungi, crabs, prawns and molluscs form the community in the mud. B Bullseye fish are at the second trophic level in the food web. C Fungi in the water are the main producers in the ecosystem. D Grey mangroves are the ecological niche of herons.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

40 Two species of birds feed on different insects living on the same tree and so do not compete for food. Which statement describes these two species of birds? A They occupy different habitats in the same ecosystem. B They occupy the same habitat in the same ecosystem. C They occupy different niches in the same habitat. D They occupy the same niche in the same habitat.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2013

38 The flow of nutrients in an ecosystem is shown in the diagram. Which letter represents decomposers? producers D A C B

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2014

39 An insect eats only the leaves of grass. This insect is eaten by carnivorous beetles. Which ecological terms are described in this information about the insect? 1 habitat 2 niche 3 trophic level A 1, 2 and 3 B 2 and 3 only C 2 only D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/12 May/June 2014

38 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle. Which process is carried out by denitrifying bacteria? nitrogen in the air A B D herbivore dead organic matter C bean plant with root nodules nitrates

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2014

39 The graph shows the annual changes of the following factors in a lake. • intensity of light per day • numbers of producers • numbers of primary consumers • quantity of nutrients Which curve represents the numbers of primary consumers? A A increasing quantity B B C C D D winter summer winter time of year

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2014

40 Two species of animal are found in the same area of forest and grassland. In the spring and summer they eat the same plant food. However, in the autumn and winter one eats nuts in the forest and the other eats roots on the grassland. Both species are preyed upon by the same predator. Numbers of root-eating animals are reduced most by this, but they recover faster since they reproduce faster. What can be concluded about these two species of animals? 1 They are part of the same community. 2 They are at different trophic levels. 3 They occupy different habitats. 4 They have different niches. A 1, 2 and 4 B 2, 3 and 4 C 1 and 2 only D 1 and 4 only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/11 May/June 2015

38 The diagram represents part of the nitrogen cycle. Which process is carried out by nitrifying bacteria? nitrogen in atmosphere A D ammonia C B nitrogen compounds nitrogen compounds nitrogen compounds in soil in plants in animals

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2015

39 A primary consumer, X, is lost from a community due to a lethal viral infection. After a time, the size of the populations of some of the organisms shown in the food web changed. Which population of organisms increased? A B C D primary consumer X primary producer

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2015

40 The table shows the results of a field study of four species in a food chain in an area of woodland. energy value per number of biomass of one species unit mass individuals individual / arbitrary units / arbitrary units P 10 000 0.100 1.0 Q 5 10.000 2.0 R 500 0.002 1.8 S 3 300 000.000 0.5 Which is the correct pyramid of energy from these data? A B R S Q Q P R S P C D S R P P R Q Q S

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 May/June 2015

39 The diagram shows the flow of energy through a food chain. Figures are in kJ m–2 year–1. reflection and respiration respiration, excretion respiration, excretion transmission and defecation and defecation 5000 1000 60 990 000 1200 80 20 light energy green plants herbivore carnivore 1 000 000 other herbivores other carnivores and death of plants and death of herbivores What percentage of light energy is available to the herbivore? A 0.12 % B 0.38 % C 0.50 % D 1.00 %

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/11 Oct/Nov 2015

38 What name is given to all the organisms of the same species living in an area? A community B ecosystem C niche D population

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2015

39 The table shows the results of a field study of four species in a food chain in an area of woodland. number of biomass of one individual energy value per unit species individuals / arbitrary units mass / arbitrary units R 10 000 0.1 1.0 S 5 10.0 2.0 T 500 0.002 1.8 U 3 300 000.0 0.5 What is the energy flow in the food chain? from to A R T S U B S T R U C U R S T D U S T R

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2015

40 The diagram shows a simplified nitrogen cycle. Which arrow represents the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria? nitrogen in atmosphere A plant animal proteins proteins D death and decay B ammonium compounds nitrites C nitrates

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9700/13 Oct/Nov 2015