Tourism — Paper 2 · IGCSE Geography 0460

1 Study the map extract, which is for Lillehammer, Norway. The scale is 1:50 000. Fig. 1 shows some of the features in the south-west part of the map extract. (a) Study Fig. 1 and the map extract and answer the questions below. 73 74 75 76 77 79 79 78 78 A 77 77 E B 76 76 D 75 75 C 74 74 73 73 72 72 73 74 75 76 77 Fig. 1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1: (i) feature A; … [1] (ii) feature B; … [1] (iii) feature C; … [1] (iv) the height of the land at D; … metres [1] (v) the type of building at E. … [1] (b) State three pieces of evidence that tourism is a main function of Vingnes. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (c) Describe the natural features of the lake Mjøsa between northing 78 and the southern edge of the map. … … … … … … … … [4] (d) Identify the feature at grid reference 815818. … [1] (e) Describe the distribution of the main settlements on the map extract. … … … … … … [3] (f) Fig. 2 shows northing 73 between the west shore of lake Mjøsa and the western edge of the map, divided into four sections, A, B, C and D. western west shore edge direction of movement of lake of map Mjøsa Brattberg D C B A northing 73 Fig. 2 The descriptions of relief are: gentle downhill slope, steep downhill slope, gentle uphill slope, steep uphill slope, deep valley, shallow valley Complete the table to describe the relief along the four sections of grid line 73, starting from the lake, moving from east to west. Choose one description from the list above for each section. Section Description A … … B … … C … … D … … [4] [Total: 20 marks]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) power line 1 1(a)(ii) Marsh 1 1(a)(iii) (marked prepared) ski trail 1 1(a)(iv) 673 1 1(a)(v) farm/farmhouse 1 1(b) swimming, 3 ski jump, sports park, (illuminated) ski trail, hotel/lodging, restaurant, nature reserve/nature conservation area, marked footpath, café, boatshed, Credit best three answers given. 1(c) variable width/widens to south/narrows to north, 4 island(s), 119–123 m, nature conservation area/nature reserve, river mouth(s)/tributary(ies), delta, bends/not straight, flow to south, 1(d) trigonometric point, 1 1(e) near lake/lake side/by Mjøsa, 3 both sides (of lake), more on east side, confluence (of rivers/valleys), on low(er)/avoids high(er), on gentle(r)/on flat(ter)/avoids steep(er), in valley(s), on/along roads, 1(f) A steep uphill slope, 4 B gentle uphill slope, C gentle downhill slope D shallow valley, If more information given, credit correct answers unless information is from more than one answer from the list.

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2017

2 Study Photographs A and B (Insert), which show areas important for tourism. (a) Describe the tourist attractions shown in Photographs A and B. Photograph A … … … … … … … … Photograph B … … … … … … … … [6] (b) Suggest two activities that tourists are likely to do in the area shown in Photograph A. 1 … … 2 … … [2] [Total: 8 marks]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a) Photograph A 6 scenery/view qualified, mountains, train/tram/railway, footpath/trail, snow, Photograph B architecture/monument/church/old buildings, old/attractive bridge, boats/boating, waterside walk, outside seating, stalls/market/canopies/shade, Max 4 on either photograph. 2(b) skiing/sledging/other snow-related activity, 2 climbing/walking, bird/wildlife watching, photography/painting, kite flying, train ride, sight-seeing, paragliding etc.,

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2017

1 Study the map extract for Åhus, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the area around the mouth of the Möllerännan river in the main settlement of Åhus. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 55 56 57 58 59 99 99 A river 98 98 B C D 97 97 sea 96 96 55 56 57 58 59 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the land use in each of the following areas shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) area A … [1] (ii) area B … [1] (iii) area C … [1] (iv) area D. … [1] (b) Look at the Möllerännan river in the south west of the map extract. Describe the human and physical features of the river. … … … … … … … … … [4] (c) Describe the shape of the coastline between the main settlement at Åhus and the north edge of the map. … … … … … … [2] (d) The location of the small settlement at Fårabäck is shown on Fig. 1.2. 58 59 60 61 62 03 03 Fårabäck 02 02 sea 01 01 58 59 60 61 62 Fig. 1.2 Give map evidence that suggests that Fårabäck is a tourist settlement. … … … … [2] (e) Find the small settlements of Nygård (6004) and Landön (6303) in the north east of the map extract. (i) Measure the distance along the public road from the north edge of the map at Nygård to the end of the road at Landön. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Give the compass direction from the end of the road at Nygård to the end of the road at Landön. … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the end of the road at Nygård to the end of the road at Landön. … degrees [1] (iv) What is the six-figure grid reference of the end of the public road at Landön? Tick one box below. Tick (✓) 031632 642042 632031 033634 632042 [2] (f) Fig. 1.3 shows the area of a military firing range in the centre of the map extract. The area is surrounded by a thick, dashed blue line. 54 55 56 57 58 59 6005 05 04 04 03 03 Skjutfält 02 02 01 01 sea 00 00 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Fig. 1.3 Describe the relief of the area of the firing range. … … … … … … … … [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) (other) major buildings 1 1(a)(ii) coniferous and mixed forest 1 1(a)(iii) marsh (liable to flooding) 1 1(a)(iv) low rise buildings 1 1(b) flows north east, 4 wide/200 m/at least 6 m wide, wider downstream/variable width, meanders, marsh/floods, bridges/roads crossing, marina, small forest stand, gentle gradient, delta/mouth/reaches sea, one tributary 1(c) straight at beginning/in south, 2 altered by human activity, headland(s), bay(s), stack/island(s) 1(d) coastal/near sea, 2 leisure homes/second homes, bathing, sheltered bay 1(e)(i) 3000–3200 m 1 1(e)(ii) south east 1 1(e)(iii) 127–131° 1 1(e)(iv) 632031 = 2 2 632042 = 1 1(f) flat/gentle, 3 low, 10 m, flat inland/north west, more hilly/higher/steeper in south east/along coast

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2019

1 Study the map extract for Kivik, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south west of the map extract around the settlement of Olof. 44 45 46 47 68 68 D E 67 67 C F 66 66 A B 65 65 44 45 46 47 Fig. 1.1 (a) Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the type of road at B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level at spot height D … metres [1] (v) the land use in area E … [1] (vi) the land use in area F. … [1] (b) Look at the coastal area from Kivik to the northern edge of the map extract. Give two pieces of map evidence which suggests that this area has a tourist industry. 1 … 2 … [2] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 69 from 490690 to the sea at 560690. Y coastline X Z 150 150 metres metres above above 100 100 sea sea level level 50 50 0 0 490690 560690 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify feature X. … [1] (ii) Name the settlement at Y. … [1] (iii) Using the map, complete the cross section on Fig. 1.2 between Z and the coastline. [1] (d) Look at the settlements of Olof and S Mellby. Find the churches in Olof and S Mellby, shown by this symbol: † (i) Measure the distance in a straight line between the church at Olof and the church at S Mellby. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Give the compass direction from the church at Olof to the church at S Mellby. … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing from the church at Olof to the church at S Mellby. … degrees [1] (iv) What is the six-figure grid reference of the church at S Mellby? Tick one box below. Tick (3) 688507 507688 507689 513691 507691 [2] (e) Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the north of the map extract. 47 48 49 50 73 73 Mölleån 72 72 71 71 47 48 49 50 Fig. 1.3 Describe the relief of this area. … … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) railway (any type) 1 1(a)(ii) public road (any type) 1 1(a)(iii) shooting range (any type) 1 1(a)(iv) 144 (metres) 1 1(a)(v) forest (any type) 1 1(a)(vi) arable (land) 1 1(b) camp site, 2 marina, bathing, ancient monument 1(c)(i) road 1 1(c)(ii) S Mellby 1 1(c)(iii) profile completed with ground rising (not over 100m) then falling to sea level 1 at the coastline 1(d)(i) 6600–6900 (metres) 1 1(d)(ii) NE / ENE 1 1(d)(iii) 62–65 (degrees) 1 1(d)(iv) 507688 = 2 2 507689 = 1 1(e) valley, 4 steep (sides), uniform slope, V-shaped, narrow, lowest 10–25 m, highest 110–120 m, north facing slope / slopes down to north

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2019

6 Figs. 6.1 and 6.2 (Insert) are photographs which show two sides of the same street in Cambridge, UK. (a) Describe the buildings seen in Fig. 6.1. … … … … … … … … … … … … [5] (b) Using evidence from Figs. 6.1 and 6.2 only, suggest why the street is a popular destination for tourists. … … … … … … [3] [Total: 8] Additional Pages If you use the following lined pages to complete the answer(s) to any question(s), the question number(s) must be clearly shown. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

8 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a) tall / narrow, 5 4 / 5 storeys, brick (allow blocks), shops / commercial on ground floor (allow 1st floor), joined to each other / close to each other, balconies, different designs / colours, large windows, chimneys, sloping roofs 6(b) shopping, 3 café / restaurant, history / culture / old, architecture / named building (e.g. palace, church, castle, university)

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2019

6 France, in north west Europe, is the most popular international tourist destination in the world, with over 80 million visitors a year. Fig. 6.1 shows where most visitors came from in 2016. 0 800 km N 2 7 1 3 USA FRANCE 5 5800 km 4 6 China 8200 km Key Countries with number of visitors to France per year (millions) 1 Germany (MEDC) 12.8 6 Spain (MEDC) 6.1 2 United Kingdom (MEDC) 11.8 7 Netherlands (MEDC) 5.5 3 Belgium (MEDC) 9.3 8 USA (MEDC) 3.2 4 Italy (MEDC) 7.5 9 China 1.7 5 Switzerland (MEDC) 6.2 Fig. 6.1 (a) Using evidence from Fig. 6.1, suggest why the location of France is an advantage for the development of the tourist industry. … … … … … … [3] (b) Fig. 6.2 shows some of the tourist features of France. Paris (the capital city) • some of the world’s largest and most famous museums, including the Louvre • landmarks such as the Eiffel Tower • the Palace of Versailles, the former palace of the kings of France Coastline • south east France has 300 days of sunshine per year • the Côte d’Azur has 115 km of coastline and beaches Rural France • castles of the Loire Valley, a World Heritage Site • wine producing areas such as Bordeaux • memorials to the First and Second World Wars in Normandy, Picardy and Vis-en-Artois The Alps and Pyrenees • high mountains • snow in winter Religious pilgrimages • e.g. Lourdes Theme Parks • Puy du Fou • Disneyland Paris Fig. 6.2 Using evidence from Fig. 6.2 only, explain how the physical landscape of France has helped the development of the tourist industry. … … … … … … [3] (c) Suggest two possible disadvantages of the tourist industry for the physical environment. … … … … [2] [Total: 8] Additional Pages If you use the following pages to complete the answer(s) to any question(s), the question number(s) must be clearly shown. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

8 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a) nearby MEDCs, 3 wealthy people can afford foreign holidays / spend more, (many) shared borders / neighbouring countries / surrounding countries / France between countries, (not just near) quantification of distance, (e.g. within 1000 km) travel by land / car / no air travel, coastal location for beach tourism / beaches, 6(b) Development of any of the following: 3 beaches, (e.g. swimming) mountains, (e.g. climbing / beautiful scenery) winter snow, (e.g. ski-ing) sunny climate, (e.g. all year / most days / sunbathing) 6(c) loss of fauna / flora/ecosystems/habitats/deforestation, 2 water pollution from sewage / litter/plastic etc., air pollution from motor vehicles etc., visual pollution from litter, buildings etc., erosion by walking,

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2019

1 Study the map extract for Degeberga, Sweden. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some features in the west of the map extract around the main settlement of Degeberga. 41 42 43 44 45 90 90 E A 89 89 Degeberga B 88 88 C 87 87 D E 86 86 41 42 43 44 45 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level at spot height D … metres [1] (v) the height above sea level of contour E. … metres [1] (b) Fig. 1.2A shows an area in the north west of the map extract and Fig. 1.2B shows an area in the south east of the map extract. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. 42 43 44 48 49 50 92 92 88 88 Råholmen 91 91 87 87 Sågverk 90 90 86 86 42 43 44 48 49 50 Fig. 1.2A Fig. 1.2B The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks in the correct five boxes. Use only one tick for each row. Area in Area in Both these Neither of Fig. 1.2A Fig. 1.2B areas these areas ✓ Example: motorway flat land steep land gentle slopes mostly forest mostly arable land [5] (c) Fig. 1.3 shows a cross section along northing 86 from 440860 to 510860. 125 125 level 100 100 level sea sea 75 75 coastline above 50 50 above 25 25metres metres 0 0 440860 510860 Fig. 1.3 (i) On Fig. 1.3, use labelled arrows and the letter shown to show the positions of: public road 19 (X) the Segesholmsån river (Y). [2] (ii) On Fig. 1.3, complete the cross section. [2] (d) Look at the coastal settlement around Nyehusen and Furuboda. Give map evidence that suggests that this is a tourist settlement. … … … … [2] (e) Find the following two triangulation points: the 22 m triangulation point south of Nyehusen the 129 m triangulation point near Norrlia, south of Degeberga. (i) Give the compass direction from the 129 m triangulation point to the 22 m triangulation point. … [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from the 129 m triangulation point to the 22 m triangulation point. … degrees [1] (iii) What is the six-figure grid reference of the 129 m triangulation point near Norrlia? … [2] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) public road, (ignore width) 1 1(a)(ii) church 1 1(a)(iii) mast 1 1(a)(iv) 33 (m) 1 1(a)(v) 100 (m) 1 1(b) 5 flat land 9 steep land 9 gentle slopes 9 mostly forest 9 mostly arable 9 land 1(c)(i) public road 28–32 mm from left hand margin, 2 river 97–101 mm from left hand margin 1(c)(ii) land continuously rising to the left hand margin, 2 highest point over 100 m but not more than 112 m 1(d) bathing, 2 leisure/second homes, camp site/camping, roads give access to sea, dunes, cycle path(s) 1(e)(i) ENE/NE 1 1(e)(ii) 63–67° 1 1(e)(iii) 438 855 = 2 2 43_85_ = (correct square) 1

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2019

6 The island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean has an important tourist industry. Table 6.1 shows the ten places with the most visitors to Mauritius in six months in 2016. Table 6.1 Place Number of visitors 1 France 141 814 2 Reunion 75 357 3 United Kingdom 58 766 4 Germany 47 713 5 South Africa 46 687 6 India 43 239 7 China 38 935 8 Switzerland 15 866 9 Italy 15 629 10 Russia 5983 (a) What type of graph would be best to use to show the information in Table 6.1? … [1] (b) Fig. 6.1 shows the location of Mauritius and the places named in Table 6.1. 10 3 4 1 9 7 8 6 5 2 Mauritius Fig. 6.1 Using Table 6.1 and Fig. 6.1, describe the distribution of the places with more than 45 000 visitors to Mauritius. … … … … [2] (c) Fig. 6.2 shows the average monthly temperatures for a place in Mauritius and a place in France, the country with most visitors to Mauritius. 30 25 20 average temperature (°C) 15 10 5 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D month Key Mauritius France Fig. 6.2 (i) Using Fig. 6.2, suggest why tourists visit Mauritius all year. … … [1] (ii) Using evidence from Figs. 6.1 and 6.2 only, suggest why Mauritius is a popular destination for tourists from the countries listed in Table 6.1. … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a) bar graph, 1 6(b) Europe, 2 northern hemisphere/north, southern Africa/South Africa and Reunion/nearby countries, 6(c)(i) hot/high temperatures (allow warm) all year/hotter than France all year, 1 6(b)(ii) Mauritius warm(er)/hot(ter)/other countries colder, 4 winter in the north/named country, France colder September to March, (allow months within range) nearness to Mauritius, (South Africa and Reunion) coastal tourism/beaches (island location), people from landlocked country, (Switzerland)

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2020

1 Study the map extract for Taormina, Italy. The scale is 1:50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around the settlement at Calatabiano in the south west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 19 20 21 22 88 88 E B 87 87 C A Calatabiano 86 86 A D 85 85 B 84 84 19 20 21 22 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) feature D … [1] (v) the name of river E … [1] (b) Using the map key, identify one tourist activity available within 2 km of the main settlement of Taormina. … [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross section along northing 90, through the settlement of Gaggi, from 180900 to 220900. X 400 400 300 300 metres above metres above sea level sea level 200 200 100 100 0 0 180900 220900 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify feature X. … [1] (ii) In Fig. 1.2, use a labelled arrow to show the position of the settlement of Gaggi. [1] (iii) The cross section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line in Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross section. [1] (d) Find Capo Taormina, on the coast near the settlement of Taormina. (i) What is the distance along the coastline from the end of Capo Taormina to the south edge of the map? Tick one box below. Tick (✓) 5500 metres 6500 metres 7500 metres 8500 metres 9500 metres [1] (ii) What is the compass bearing from the end of Capo Taormina, to the coastline at the south edge of the map? Tick one box below. Tick (✓) 38° 41° 44° 221° 225° [1] (e) Fig. 1.3 shows two areas, P in the south of the map extract and Q in the north east of the map extract. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. Area P Area Q 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 88 88 96 96 87 87 95 95 Gallodoro Capo Schisò 86 86 94 94 85 85 93 93 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 Fig. 1.3 The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks in the correct four boxes. Use only one tick (✓) for each row. Area P Area Q Both these Neither of areas these areas flat land land over 500 m a national main road plateau a mountain bike route [5] (f) Fig. 1.4 shows an area in the north west of the map extract. 18 19 20 21 96 96 95 95 94 94 Graniti 93 93 92 92 18 19 20 21 Fig. 1.4 Describe the relief of this area. … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) motorway, 1 1(a)(ii) railway, 1 1(a)(iii) funicular, 1 1(a)(iv) lava (flow), 1 1(a)(v) (T. S.) Venera, 1 1(b) nature reserve, 1 dive sites/diving, climbing, hang-gliding/paragliding, mountain biking, 1(c)(i) railway, 1 1(c)(ii) position of Gaggi shown with an arrow between 25 mm and 35 mm from the 1 left hand margin, 1(c)(iii) section completed with land rising in the east but not dropping below 200 m, 1 1(d)(i) 8500 metres, 1 1(d)(ii) 221° 1 1(e) 5 Neither of Both these Area P Area Q these areas areas flat land  land over 500 m  a national main road  plateau  a mountain bike route  1(f) high/hills/hilly/mountain, 4 valley, V shaped, narrow (valley), ridge/spur, 888 m/886 m/over 800 m/900 m, steep slopes, tributaries/dissected, lowest 150–200 m, higher in N/NW/NE/lower in S,

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2020

1 Study the map extract for Carnac, France. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features near Cité du Runell in the north of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below. 94 95 72 72 A C B C D 71 71 94 95 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) the leisure activity at B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) the land use at D. … [1] (b) The central point of the main settlement at Carnac is at 940700. Identify three services provided for tourists within 1 km of the centre of Carnac. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (c) Fig. 1.2 shows an area in the south west of the map at St-Colomban. Fig. 1.3 shows an area in the north east of the map near Kermario. Study the two areas and answer the questions below. 92 93 95 96 69 69 72 72 St-Colomban Kermario 68 68 71 71 92 93 95 96 Fig. 1.2 Fig. 1.3 The table below compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks (✓) in the correct four boxes. Use only one tick for each row. area in Fig. 1.2 area in Fig. 1.3 both these neither of feature at St-Colomban near Kermario areas these areas a dam land over 25 m above sea level a bathing place a railway [4] (d) Look at the part of the straight D781 road that runs between the settlements at Plouharnel and Carnac. (i) What is the distance along the straight part of the road? Tick (✓) one box below. tick (✓) 287 metres 387 metres 2875 metres 3875 metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction along the road from Plouharnel to Carnac? … [1] (iii) Measure the bearing along the road from Plouharnel to Carnac. … degrees [1] (iv) Find the roundabout (circle) part way along the road at Kergouillard. Give the six-figure grid reference of this roundabout (circle). … [1] (e) Describe the natural features of the coast shown on the map. … … … … … … … … … … [5] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) regional/main/D/D119, 1 1(a)(ii) tennis, 1 1(a)(iii) mixed forest, 1 1(a)(iv) open forest, 1 1(b) campsite, 3 museum/musée, tourist information centre, seaside resort, casino, hiking trail, notable monument/(diverse) place of interest, sports ground, 1(c) 4 Area in Area in Both Neither Fig. 1.2 at Fig. 1.3 these of these St- near areas areas Colomban Kermario a dam  land over 25 m above sea  level a bathing place  a railway  1(d)(i) 2875 metres, 1 1(d)(ii) SE/ESE, 1 1(d)(iii) 123–126°, 1 1(d)(iv) 932704/5, 1 1(e) bay/cove, 5 headland/point/promontory/peninsula/cape, spit, estuary/inlet/creek, beach/sand/mud, tidal mud flats, flat rock, lake/lagoon, island, intermittent water course, marsh, forest, tombolo,

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2021

5 (a) Figs. 5.1 and 5.2 (Insert) are photographs which show two different tourist locations in Thailand. Describe the attractions for tourists shown in Figs. 5.1 and 5.2. Fig. 5.1 … … … … … Fig. 5.2 … … … … … [5] (b) Suggest two reasons why the local population would welcome tourists. 1 … … 2 … … [2] (c) Suggest one problem caused by tourists. … … [1] [Total: 8] TURN PAGE FOR QUESTION 6

8 marks

Mark scheme: 5(a)(i) A: Reserve 1 mark 5 shops/markets/souvenirs/local crafts; restaurants/cafes/food and drink; historical/brightly painted/colourful/interesting buildings/architecture; street artists/art/paintings; brightly lit streets/night life/local/Thai culture; B: Reserve 1 mark (sandy) beaches; blue/calm/clear seas; blue sky/no cloud/sunshine; boat trips/fishing trips/sailing/traditional boats; (offshore) islands/rocks/visiting islands; 5(b) jobs/employment; 2 income/money/ increases local economy/selling to tourists/increases business; (development of) roads/railways/airports/sewerage/water/ telecommunications; cultural exchange/learn languages/understanding of/promotes local culture; preservation of historical/cultural sites; more facilities/services available for locals; 5(c) air/litter/waste/noise/water pollution/damage to habitats/footpath erosion; 1 traffic congestion/overcrowding of streets/services; seasonal/poorly paid jobs; use water resources/electricity; poor behaviour of tourists/don’t respect culture/inappropriate dress; loss/dilution of culture; higher prices; loss of privacy; risk of importing disease; increase in crime/drugs;

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2022

6 (a) Figs. 6.1 and 6.2 show information about tourism in Iceland. The Icelandic government wants a better approach to the sustainable development of tourism. In 2010 Iceland had less than 500 000 tourists but by 2017 it had reached 2 200 000, with most arriving in July and August. Tourist attractions include volcanoes, glaciers and whale watching. The capital city, Reykjavík and surrounding area receive most of the tourists. Fig. 6.1 N Vestfirðir Northwest Northeast West Egilsstaðir Reykjavík Keflavík East South 0 50 Atlantic Ocean km Key international airport Fig. 6.2 (i) What is meant by sustainable development ? … … … … [2] (ii) Using Fig. 6.1, identify one tourist attraction in Iceland. … [1] (iii) Describe the change in the number of tourists between 2010 and 2017. … … [2] (b) Suggest three solutions that Iceland’s government could use to reduce the number of tourists in the area around Reykjavík. 1 … … 2 … … 3 … … [3] [Total: 8] Additional pages If you use the following pages to complete the answer to any question, the question number must be clearly shown. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

8 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a)(i) Meets needs of present/allows development now; 2 Without compromising the needs of the future/don’t use up all the resources needed in the future/continues for a long time; OR Achieve economic development/maintain or improve people’s quality of life; Maintain the environment/don’t do damage to the environment. 6(a)(ii) Volcanoes/glaciers/whale watching/Reykjavik 1 6(a)(iii) Increased; 2 From (less than) 500 000 (in 2010) to 2 200 000 (in 2017) by 1.7 million/by 440%. 6(b) Limit number of flights/to Iceland; 3 Limit number/size of cruise ships to Iceland; Increase cost of holidays/tours/travel/flights/entrance fees/accommodation/tax on tourists; Decrease costs of holidays in low season; Increase number of flights to eastern Iceland/invest in new airport elsewhere; Advertise attractions outside Reykjavik; Increase tours/facilities/attractions in other parts of Iceland; Improve roads/methods of transport; Quotas/limits on number of tourists allowed in Reykjavik area; Building regulations/development controls.

This question in 0460/23 Oct/Nov 2022

6 Study Fig. 6.1, which shows a map of tourist attractions on the island of Jamaica. Content removed due to copyright restrictions. Fig. 6.1 (a) (i) Which part of Jamaica has the most tourist attractions? Circle your answer. north north-west south south-west [1] (ii) Identify two physical (natural) attractions shown in Fig. 6.1. 1 … 2 … [2] (b) Suggest two benefits of tourism for local residents. 1 … 2 … [2] (c) Suggest ways in which the Jamaican government can encourage sustainable development of tourism on the island. … … … … … … [3] [Total: 8] Additional pages If you use the following pages to complete the answer to any question, the question number must be clearly shown. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

8 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a)(i) North/north-west. 1 6(a)(ii)  Hills/mountains; 2  Caving;  Beaches/bays;  Safaris. 6(b)  Jobs/employment (or e.g., of tourist job); 2  Income/money/increase in the local economy/sales/profits/support for businesses;  Cultural exchange/learn languages/promotes local culture/cultural understanding;  Preserve traditions;  Development of roads/water supply/electricity/railways/ airports/ sewerage/telecommunications;  More facilities/services available for locals (or e.g., of tourist facility). 6(c)  Limit tourist numbers/limit number of flights to the island; 3  Strict controls on tourist developments;  Fines for littering/noise;  Clean beaches/litter pick up exercises;  Educating/advertising/campaigns for tourists e.g., not littering/not disturbing wildlife;  Grants for eco-tourist developments;  Promote cycling/more cycle paths/free public bikes;  Electric vehicles/vehicles with reduced CO2 emissions;  Develop public transport;  Use of renewable energy in tourist accommodation/attractions;  Nature reserves/conservation areas/national parks/marine parks;  Employ locals as tour guides;  Locals provide accommodation;  Limit water use/example of limiting water use;  Tourism tax.

This question in 0460/21 May/June 2023

1 Study the map extract for West Kilbride, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in West Kilbride. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract and answer the questions. 20 21 22 49 49 F B C 48 48 E D A 47 47 20 21 22 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the contour at D … metres [1] (v) the land use at E. … [1] (b) Study the railway line which runs north to south from the railway station at F shown on the map extract. (i) Give the six‑figure grid reference of the railway station at F shown on Fig. 1.1. … [1] (ii) What is the distance along the railway line from the railway station at F to the southern edge of the map extract? … km [1] (c) Fig. 1.2 is a cross‑section along northing 495 from 170495 to 200495. 80 X Y 80 60 60 metres metres above 40 40 above sea level sea level 20 20 sea 170495 200495 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross‑section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross‑section. [1] (d) Look at the coastline on the western side of the map extract. (i) Identify four tourist attractions along the coastline. 1 … 2 … 3 … 4 … [4] (ii) Describe the physical (natural) features of the coastline shown on the map extract. … … … … … … [3] (e) Describe how relief has affected the route of the railway line. … … … … … … [3] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) B road/secondary road/B7047. 1 1(a)(ii) Church/place of worship with spire/minaret/dome. 1 1(a)(iii) Mast. 1 1(a)(iv) 85 (metres). 1 1(a)(v) Non-coniferous trees/woods/forest/vegetation. 1 1(b)(i) 208/9483/4. 1 1(b)(ii) 2.53 (km) (accept 2.4–2.6 km or 2400–2600 m). 1 1(c)(i) (Carlung) farm/building(s)/other road/drive/track. 1 1(c)(ii) A road/A78/main road. 1 1(c)(iii) Rises to a hill at/just above 60 m above sea level (allow 55–64 m). 1 1(d)(i) Castle; 4 Pier; Picnic site; Golf Club/course; Coastal path/National Trail/Recreational route; Public house/pub; Hotel; Beach. 1(d)(ii) Island(s)/rocks (in sea)/offshore rocks/stack(s)/stump(s)/craig/crag; 3 Sand(y)/sand & shingle/beach(es); Loose rock(s)/boulders/(rock) outcrop/wave-cut platform; Headland; Bay; Raised beach; Cliff/vertical face; (Jenny’s) dyke/(Sandy’s) creek. 1(e) Follows/along/through valley/on valley floor; 3 (Height mark) keeps to low(er) land/base of hills/avoids high(er) land/curves around/along the side of/avoids hill(s); (Gradient mark) keeps to gentle gradient/flatter land/on flat land between Drummilling and Law Hill/curves around/avoids steep(er) slopes/parallel to slopes; Follows coastline in the south.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2023

1 Study the map extract for Cunninghame, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. 21 22 23 63 63 G A F E 62 62 C D FB B 61 61 21 22 23 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) feature B … [1] (iii) the land use at C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the spot height (survey height) at D. … metres above sea level [1] (v) the name of the settlement at E … [1] (vi) the name of the river at F. … [1] (b) Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. What is the six‑figure grid reference for the settlement of Craigton, shown as G on Fig. 1.1? … [1] (c) Identify two tourist facilities shown on the map extract. 1 … 2 … [2] (d) Study the map extract and Fig. 1.2 which shows an area in the east of the map. 24 25 26 65 65 64 64 Burn Burnt Hill Black Slanger Burn 63 63 24 25 26 Fig. 1.2 Which four of the following statements are true about the area? Tick (✓) four boxes. tick (✓) there are villages there are no settlements highest point is 489 metres above sea level highest point is 485 metres above sea level gradients are steep gradients are gentle there are waterfalls there is a flood plain no rivers flow above 475 metres above sea level many rivers flow above 475 metres above sea level (e) Look at the main river (Noddsdale Water) which flows in the west of the map extract. Describe the physical (natural) features of the river and its valley. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [7] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Road less than 4 m wide. 1 1(a)(ii) Footbridge. 1 1(a)(iii) Coniferous/non-coniferous trees/woodland/forest. 1 1(a)(iv) 288 (metres above sea level). 1 1(a)(v) Middleton. 1 1(a)(vi) Whitlie Burn. 1 1(b) 218626/5. 1 1(c) Fishing; 2 Parking: Picnic site; Recreational route. 1(d) There are no settlements; 4 Highest point is 489 metres above sea level; Gradients are steep; No rivers flow above 475 metres above sea level. 1(e) Flows SW/ then SSW/S OR SW/SSW (overall); or opposite e.g., from 7 NE; Steep gradient/variable gradient; Waterfall; River width varies/wider downstream/wider in S/SW/narrower in N/ NE; (Joined by) tributaries/confluences/affluents; More tributaries on western/north-western side; Meanders/curves/bends/zig-zags; Narrow valley floor/V shaped valley; Steep (sided) valley; Deep valley/gorge; Steeper on eastern/south-eastern side; Trees/woodland/forest; Bracken/heath/rough grassland. Note: Reserve 1 mark for each of valley and river.

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2023

6 Study Fig. 6.1 (Insert), which shows a tourist destination in the Caribbean, a group of islands between North and South America. (a) Using Fig. 6.1, describe three physical (natural) attractions of this tourist destination. 1 … … 2 … … 3 … … [3] (b) Fig. 6.2 shows the source of global carbon dioxide emissions produced by tourism. 0 % Key 90 10 transport goods food processing agriculture 80 20 services accommodation construction and mining 70 30 60 40 50 Fig. 6.2 (i) What percentage of carbon dioxide emissions is produced by agriculture? … % [1] (ii) Suggest another type of graph which could be used to show the information in Fig. 6.2. … [1] (c) Governments in the Caribbean wish to reduce the pollution produced by tourism. Suggest ways in which they could reduce the amount of carbon emissions produced by transport and agriculture. Transport … … … … … … Agriculture … … … … … … [3] [Total: 8] Additional pages If you use the following pages to complete the answer to any question, the question number must be clearly shown. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

8 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a)(i) Clear/clean/blue/calm sea/water; 3 Sand/ beach; Clear/blue skies/sunny; Palm/coconuts trees/tropical vegetation. 6(b)(i) 8(%) (allow 8.05/8.06/8.1% based on measurement of 29 degrees). 1 6(b)(ii) (Divided/compound) bar graph/chart/donut graph. 1 6(c) Transport: 3 Use animal power; Promote walking/cycling/more cycle paths/free public bikes; Electric vehicles; Restrict/ban vehicles on island; Develop public transport; Restrict visitor numbers/number of international flights/cruise ships to the island; Tax on car hire/increase tax on fuel/buying cars. Agriculture: Promote locally sourced food; Prohibit deforestation/burning woods; Reduce use of chemical fertilisers/use natural fertilisers; Discourage the use of machinery such as tractors; Encourage farmers to use renewable energy/solar power or wind turbines; Reduce rice production;(due to production of methane). Less animals raised (e.g., beef cattle)/more vegetables grown. 1 reserve for each category.

This question in 0460/23 May/June 2023

1 Study the map extract for Stewarton, Scotland. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features around Dunlop. 40 41 42 50 50 C B Sch E 49 49 D A 48 48 40 41 42 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) the type of road at A … [1] (ii) the land use at B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of the contour line at D. … metres [1] (b) Study Fig. 1.1 and the map extract. (i) Using the map extract, measure the distance along the railway line from the railway station at Dunlop (E) to the railway station at Stewarton. … kms [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the railway station at Dunlop (E) to the railway station at Stewarton? … [1] (iii) What is the six‑figure grid reference for the railway station at Stewarton? … [1] (c) Identify three tourist facilities shown on the map extract. 1 … 2 … 3 … [3] (d) Fig. 1.2 is a cross‑section along northing 475 from 400475 to 430475. X Y mast 160 160 metres metres 140 140above above sea sea level 120 120 level 100 100 400475 430475 Fig. 1.2 (i) Identify the feature at X. … [1] (ii) Identify the feature at Y. … [1] (iii) The cross‑section shown in Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross‑section. [1] (e) Describe and explain the pattern of rural settlement shown on the map extract. Do not refer to Dunlop and Stewarton. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [7] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) Road (generally) more than 4 m wide 1 1(a)(ii) Coniferous trees 1 1(a)(iii) School 1 1(a)(iv) 150 (metres) 1 1(b)(i) 3.7 kilometres (accept 3.6–3.8 km) 1 1(b)(ii) South-south-east / SSE 1 1(b)(iii) 417460 1 417461 418460 418461 1(c) • Picnic site; 3 • Walks / trails; • Recreation / leisure / sports centre; • Public house; • Hotel; • Castle (remains of). 1(d)(i) Railway / railway line / train track 1 1(d)(ii) Main road / A Road / A735 1 1(d)(iii) Land slopes down to approx. 105 m.a.s.l. (allow 101–109 m) 1 Line should touch the vertical axis. Note: At no point should it drop below 100 m. Line must not go above 135 m. 1(e) Settlements are / on / have: 7 • Sparsely distributed / scattered / dispersed / spread out / uneven distribution / pattern / buildings far from each other; • Found throughout the area (scattered in all areas = 2); • Denser / mainly / more in / denser west of Dunlop; • Low(er) number in the centre of the map; • Farm(s) / hamlet(s); • Have 3–7 buildings; (accept any number in between but must have a range.) • Isolated; • Along / around / near / next to road(s) / track(s); • To provide access to main town(s) / other settlement(s) / services / to buy goods; • Surrounded by / near / next to fields / farmland / agricultural land; • Agricultural land for crops / growing food / livestock / pastoral / for food; • On / near burn(s) / (small) river(s) / well(s) / water body(ies) / water source / spring(s): • To water crop(s) / animals / for source of water / water supply; (wells for water = 1) • (Most are) above 100 m; • On or near to gently / gentler sloping land / relatively flat / avoids steep(er) land / hilltop(s); • Gently sloping land so it’s easy to build / farm on; • Near / within woodland / forest / trees; • To provide wood for fuel / building.

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2023

6 The Dominican Republic is a popular tourist destination. Fig. 6.1 shows the top 10 countries with the most visitors to the Dominican Republic. origin of visitors number of visitors 1 United States 2 073 963 2 Canada 827 721 3 Germany 265 709 4 Russia 245 346 5 France 221 492 6 Argentina 182 170 7 Spain 177 993 8 United Kingdom 177 534 9 Puerto Rico 111 095 10 Venezuela 109 734 Fig. 6.1 (a) What type of graph would be most suitable to show the information in Fig. 6.1? … [1] Fig. 6.2 shows the location of the Dominican Republic and the countries named in Fig. 6.1. 4 2 NorthNorth AmericaAmerica 3 EuropeEurope AsiaAsia 8 5 1 7 Dominican Republic 9 AfricaAfrica 1010 SouthSouth AmericaAmerica AustralasiaAustralasia 6 Fig. 6.2 (b) Using Fig. 6.1 and Fig. 6.2, identify: (i) the continent that has the most countries in the top 10 of visitors to the Dominican Republic … [1] (ii) two continents that have no countries in the top 10 of visitors to the Dominican Republic. 1 … 2 … [2] (c) Suggest the advantages and disadvantages of increasing numbers of tourists for the people and economy of the Dominican Republic. advantages … … … … disadvantages … … … … [4] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 6(a) Pie chart / bar (chart) / pictogram / doughnut (graph). 1 6(b)(i) Europe 1 6(b)(ii) Africa 2 Australasia 6(c) Advantages: Reserve 2 4 • More / creates / provides jobs; • More / high(er) income / profit / money; • Taxes paid by tourists; • Increased / larger market for local goods; • Increased / high(er) / more GNP / GDP / GNI / foreign exchange; • More facilities / services available for locals; • Development of roads / railways / airports / sewerage / water / telecommunications; • Cultural exchange / learn languages / promotes local culture; • Preserves traditions. Disadvantages: Reserve 2 • Local people have to move / loss of land for tourist developments; • locals cannot access beaches; • Jobs are seasonal / low paid; • Best jobs go to foreign nationals; • Income goes to international companies / leakage; • Demands on water supply / electricity / road network; • Risk of importing disease; • Higher prices; • Loss of privacy; • Noise / air / visual / water pollution; • Loss / dilution of culture / cultural identity / destroys culture; • Traffic congestion / overcrowding; • Poor behaviour of tourists / don’t respect culture / inappropriate dress / racism; • Litter / vandalism / damage heritage sites; • Increase in specified crime e.g., pick pocketing.

This question in 0460/22 Oct/Nov 2023

4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows the number of domestic and foreign tourist arrivals in Goa, India, from 2012 to 2019. Domestic and foreign tourist arrivals in Goa, India, from 2012 to 2019 Content removed due to copyright restrictions. Fig. 4.1 Describe the trends in both domestic and foreign tourist arrivals. Do not use statistics. … … … … [2] (b) Table 4.1 shows tourist arrivals in Goa by cruise ship and by air from 2015 to 2019. Table 4.1 tourist arrivals tourist arrivals by cruise ship by air (Oct–May) (Oct–May) 2015–2016 28 316 158 779 2016–2017 45 985 232 679 2017–2018 43 475 247 365 2018–2019 51 397 21 776 Explain how you would draw a bar chart to show the data in Table 4.1. … … … … [2] (c) Suggest the economic benefits and problems resulting from the seasonal visit of large cruise ships to an area like Goa. … … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 4(a) foreign tourists – rapid/exponential increase or rapid then slow increase; 2 domestic tourists – some/slow/gradual/steady increase; both/tourists overall increase; domestic are fewer/foreign higher; increase is slower in domestic tourists; 2017–2019 both even out. Needs comment on both or comparison for 2 marks. ^ foreign tourists increase domestic tourists remained constant. 4(b) Bar chart 2 paired bars for each year/a divided bar for each of cruise ship and air/one divided bar for each year; date/year on the x-axis; number of people/tourists on the y-axis; different colour/shading for cruise ship and flights; suggested intervals for y-axis, e.g. 1 cm = 50 000 tourists; key for different shading/ship and air. If a divided bar is chosen allow amount of people to be on the x or y axis. 4(c) Benefits – Res. 1 4 (more) jobs/guides/employment; increases demand for services (such as taxi companies); increases/improves/boosts income (local people/businesses)/foreign exchange/the economy/GDP/GNP/GNI; (max. 1) increased investment by travel companies; souvenirs purchased from locals; entrance fees paid; harbour fees for landing; increase in tax revenue. ^ increases (local) businesses. =0 higher wages more hotels etc constructed. Problems – Res 1 money is spent on the ship/with tour companies/little money spent in towns/leakage; part time jobs/jobs seasonal/people become unemployed; jobs are often poorly paid; landings cancelled due to bad weather conditions so no revenue earned; increase in prices for locals; increase in ports/docks to accommodate cruise ships increases the national debt; income for businesses not for the whole year; ports unoccupied in off season.

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2024

4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows a sketch of a section of coast at Teignmouth in the UK. N river X sea Fig. 4.1 (i) Using Fig. 4.1, name and describe the feature marked X on the sketch map. name … description … … … … … [3] (ii) On Fig. 4.1, draw an arrow with a label to show each of: • the main wind and wave direction • the direction of longshore drift. [2] (b) Study Fig. 4.2 (Insert), a photograph of the same section of coast. Using evidence from Fig. 4.2, state three opportunities that this section of coast provides for human activities. Give evidence for each opportunity from Fig. 4.2. 1 … … 2 … … 3 … … [3] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 4(a)(i) Name 3 • a spit (Reserve 1) Description • finger shaped projection/long/narrow piece of land/extended/elongated section of land/extension of mainland; • stretches out into the sea/across the river/estuary; • tapered to a point. Allow correct description if feature named incorrectly – avoid ECF. = 0 curving inward /refraction = 0 (not shown in Fig. 4.1), no credit for processes of formation/sand/shingle. 4(a)(ii) Arrow pointing horizontally to the left (to the south) in an appropriate position 2 = longshore drift (1 mark). Arrow pointing obliquely towards the top left of the map/(to the SW) in an appropriate position = main wind/wave direction (1 mark) Must have an arrow to score. Arrows can be anywhere along the coast, but not in the river. Longshore drift arrow needs to be on the N side of the estuary. 4(b) activity evidence 3 swimming – river/beach/beach huts (for changing)/people in water; water sports – kayaks/canoes/sailing boats; recreation/leisure – walking on the sandy spit area/beach huts/picnics on sand/wind-breaks/motor boats/boat trip/hotels; tourism – beach/pier/hotels/parking; restaurants = ^ harbour/port – sheltered position behind the spit/beach/trade; fishing – presence of boats/port/river; industry – adjacent to port (to service boats); settlement/town/housing – sheltered by hills/coastal location (for trade)/flat land; sun-bathing – people lying on beach. children playing/building sand castles – beach Allow the same evidence only once. But evidence can be interchangeable between the activities. Allow trade as an activity. Allow ships for boats. = ^ boating due to boats, water sports since coast surrounded by water, hotels since building built near coast (TV), industries to use water for industrial purposes, boats for transport (too vague), ferries. = 0 infrastructure/employment/coast on their own (TV). shops.

This question in 0460/22 Feb/March 2025

1 Study the map extract for the Île d’Oléron, France. The scale is 1 : 50 000. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the north of the map extract. 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 84 84 B C D 83 P 83 A 82 82 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Fig. 1.1 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1: (i) feature A … [1] (ii) the type of road at B … [1] (iii) feature C … [1] (iv) the height above sea level of point D. … metres [1] (b) Give the six-figure grid reference of the crossroads at point D shown in Fig. 1.1. Tick (✓) one box. tick (✓) 370832 342828 832370 842371 [1] (c) Find the museum at le Château-d’Oléron in grid square 4083 and the museum at Saint-Trojan-les-Bains in grid square 3978. (i) What is the straight-line distance from the museum at le Château-d’Oléron to the museum at Saint-Trojan-les-Bains? … metres [1] (ii) What is the compass direction from the museum at le Château-d’Oléron to the museum at Saint-Trojan-les-Bains? … [1] (iii) Measure the compass bearing from the museum at le Château-d’Oléron to the museum Saint-Trojan-les-Bains. … degrees [1] (d) Study the map extract north of northing 82. Identify three different activities that can be done by tourists in this area and state the map evidence for each activity. One example has been done for you. activity map evidence e.g. cycling there is a cycle trail 1 2 3 [3] (e) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section across the Île d’Oléron along northing 78 from 360780 to 390780. 50 50 40 40 metres above metres above 30 30 sea level sea level 20 20 10 10 0 0 360780 390780 Fig. 1.2 (i) What is the main land-use along this cross-section? … [1] (ii) What is the maximum height of the land along the cross-section? … metres [1] (f) Identify three correct statements about the distribution of the settlements shown on the map extract. Tick (✓) three correct answers. tick (✓) mostly in the north evenly distributed linked by main roads more along the coast mostly in the east mostly on high land [3] (g) Describe the natural features of the west coast between Pointe de Gatseau in grid square 3773 and the northern edge of the map in grid square 3284. … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20]

20 marks

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a)(i) car park/parking/parking area 1 1(a)(ii) secondary (road)/D26 1 1(a)(iii) water tower 1 1(a)(iv) 5(m) 1 1(b) 370 832 1 1(c)(i) 4650(m) (tolerance 4400–4900) Allow 4.4–4.9 km (km must be stated) 1 1(c)(ii) SSW 1 1(c)(iii) 199° (tolerance 196–201°) 1 1(d) 3 Activity Map evidence Camping Campsite Horse riding Horseback riding centre Sunbathing/relaxing/picnicking/ Beach/sand/sand dunes/seaside resort/plage Swimming sea/body of water/seaside resort Walking/hiking Footpath/trails/woods Visiting/going to/studying Museum Visiting/going to/sightseeing Castle/castle walls Yachting/sailing/boating/water Harbour/port sports Fishing Harbour/port/river Learning about the city/area Tourist information centre Note: 1 mark per completed row. Candidates may interchange relevant map evidence with the activity. 1(e)(i) Wood/brushwood 1 1(e)(ii) 19–23 metres 1 1(f) • (1st) mostly in the north; 3 • (4th) more along the coast; • (5th) mostly in the east. 1(g) • beach(es); 4 • beaches are wide/widest in middle/have variable width/wider in S/narrower in N/wet sand wider in S/wet sand narrower in N; • beaches (largely) covered at high tide/more wet sand than dry sand (area)/mostly wet sand; • beach/sand/wet sand along the (entire length of) coastline/la Grande Plage/ beach is long; • sand dunes; • more dry sand/sand-dunes in the central part; • low lying; • flat/quite flat/relatively flat; • rocks/rocky/rock outcrops/wave cut platform/rock extending into the sea/(more) rock in the north; • coastline is slightly curved/sand has a recurved end (in the south)/spit. Note: allow reference to grid squares/named places instead of N/S and central.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2025

2 (a) Fig. 2.1 shows the development of a tourist resort in the UK between 1800 and 2000. Content removed due to copyright restrictions. Fig. 2.1 (i) How many tourists visited the resort at its peak in 1955? … million [1] (ii) For how many years did the number of tourists to the resort decrease? … years [1] (b) Using Fig. 2.1, identify four factors that helped explain the rise in the number of tourists. 1 … 2 … 3 … 4 … [2] (c) Using Fig. 2.1, suggest why the following factors resulted in fewer tourists visiting the resort. growth of package holidays … … … … resort now run down … … … … [4] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) 17.5 million (allow 17.3–17.7 million) 1 2(a)(ii) 45 years 1 2(b) • presence of beach/sea bathing; 2 • workers given annual holidays; • workers given holidays with pay; • the arrival/building of the railway; • the opening of/advertising of new attractions/the pier/tower/theme park (max 2). 3 or 4 correct = 2 marks 1 or 2 correct = 1 mark 2(c) Growth of package holidays (Reserve 1 mark) 4 • more people could afford to travel to other destinations/more disposable income; • cheap(er) to go abroad (than holiday in the UK)/cheap(er)/cheap(er) airlines/airfares; Need to know what is cheap(er). • attraction of places they had not been to before/new market/experience something new/different/want to go somewhere more exotic; • people could now access places with a warmer/tropical climate (than the UK); • booking package holidays was a lot easier (via travel agencies); • package holidays offered more activities than the resort; • more leisure time so could stay away for longer. Area now run down (Reserve 1 mark) • resort loses its appeal/unattractive to many tourists/area/resort lost its popularity/dated/old fashioned/neglected; • vandalism/graffiti/facilities damaged/closed; • noise pollution/many tourists looking for somewhere calmer/more peaceful; • less money coming in to spend on it; • resort had no new facilities/innovations; • its popularity for parties for the younger generation put off older people/families/give resort a bad reputation. Note: no double credit. Marks must be credited in the correct section.

This question in 0460/22 May/June 2025

5 (a) Study Figs. 5.1 and 5.2 (Insert), which show two different tourist locations in Spain, a country in Europe. Compare the two tourist locations. … … … … … … … … [4] (b) (i) Suggest two reasons why the local population would welcome tourists to the area shown in Fig. 5.1. 1 … … 2 … … [2] (ii) Suggest two ways that tourists could damage the natural environment in the area shown in Fig. 5.2. 1 … … 2 … … [2] [Total: 8]

8 marks

Mark scheme: 5(a) both mountainous 4 both beaches/sea/swimming Fig. 5.1 more high-rise/tall buildings Fig. 5.1 more crowded/populated/people/tourists Fig. 5.1 more sunbathing Fig. 5.1 more hotels/apartments Fig. 5.1 more shops/restaurants Fig. 5.2 more rocky Fig. 5.2 more trees/vegetation/green/natural (beauty) Fig. 5.1 has a promenade/Fig. 5.2 does not Credit opposite perspective. Must be comparative 5(b)(i) employment opportunities/increase income/increase tax revenue 2 business/sales opportunities new skills new languages named infrastructure improves e.g. roads, electricity, water, sanitation preserve local culture 5(b)(ii) destroy habitats/disturb wildlife 2 remove vegetation (for building) destruction of coral reefs footpath erosion water/air/noise pollution litter

This question in 0460/21 Oct/Nov 2025