Separation and purification — Paper 1 · IGCSE Chemistry (9-1) 0971

3 Rock salt is a mixture of sand and sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is soluble in water but not in hexane. Sand is insoluble in both water and hexane. What is required to separate the sand from the sodium chloride? 1 filter paper 2 fractionating column 3 hexane 4 water A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2019

3 Petroleum is a mixture. Which method is used to separate petroleum? A chromatography B cracking C filtration D fractional distillation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2019

4 Magnesium hydroxide can be obtained from sea water as shown. calcium reaction sea water containing hydroxide vessel magnesium ions solution separation aqueous stage calcium chloride solid magnesium hydroxide Which process is used in the separation stage to separate solid magnesium hydroxide from the mixture? A crystallisation B filtration C distillation D chromatography

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2019

35 Some fractions obtained from petroleum are listed. position collected fraction use in the fractionating column 1 gasoline waxes and polishes below refinery gas 2 bitumen making roads above kerosene 3 kerosene jet fuel below gasoline 4 refinery gas heating and cooking above gasoline Which rows are correct? A 1, 3 and 4 B 2, 3 and 4 C 3 and 4 only D 4 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2019

3 Which method of separation is used to separate a soluble solid from its solution? A chromatography B condensation C crystallisation D filtration

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2020

3 Which process is used to produce drinking water from sea water? A crystallisation B distillation C filtration D chlorination

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2020

35 Which list shows the fractions obtained from distilling petroleum, in order of increasing boiling point? A bitumen → diesel oil → fuel oil → lubricating oil B diesel oil → gasoline → naphtha → kerosene C gasoline → naphtha → kerosene → diesel oil D kerosene → lubricating oil → naphtha → refinery gas

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2020

5 Different methods of separation rely on substances having different properties. Which property does distillation make use of? A boiling point B colour C particle size D solubility in different solvents

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2020

24 A student carries out an experiment to prepare pure magnesium sulfate crystals. The diagram shows the first stage of the preparation. stirrer magnesium carbonate dilute sulfuric acid He adds magnesium carbonate until no more reacts. Which process should he use for the next stage? A crystallisation B evaporation C filtration D neutralisation

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2020

36 Petroleum is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. Separation occurs in a fractionating column. Some properties of three of these fractions are shown. number of boiling point fraction carbon atoms in range / C the molecules 1 5 –10 2 320–350 16–24 3 120–210 Which statement is correct? A Fraction 1 has a higher boiling point range than fraction 2. B Fraction 2 is removed from a higher point in the fractionating column than fraction 1. C Molecules in fraction 3 have shorter chains than those in fraction 2. D None of the fractions are liquid at room temperature.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2020

2 A mixture is separated using the apparatus shown. mixture funnel filter paper What is the mixture? A aqueous copper(II) sulfate and aqueous sodium chloride B aqueous copper(II) sulfate and copper C copper and sulfur D ethanol and ethanoic acid

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2021

19 Copper(II) sulfate is prepared by adding excess copper(II) oxide to warm dilute sulfuric acid. Which purification methods are used to obtain pure solid copper(II) sulfate from the reaction mixture? 1 crystallisation 2 filtration 3 chromatography 4 distillation A 1 and 4 B 1 and 2 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2021

3 A student separates sugar from pieces of broken glass by dissolving the sugar in water and filtering off the broken glass. filtrate What is the filtrate? A broken glass only B broken glass and sugar solution C pure water D sugar solution

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2021

3 Which method is used to separate a mixture of the following liquids? liquid boiling point / C methanol 64.5 ethanol 78.5 propan-1-ol 97.2 butan-1-ol 117.0 A crystallisation B evaporation C filtration D fractional distillation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2022

19 An acid is neutralised by adding an excess of an insoluble solid base. A soluble salt is formed. How is the pure salt obtained from the reaction mixture? A crystallisation  evaporation  filtration B evaporation  crystallisation  filtration C filtration  crystallisation  evaporation D filtration  evaporation  crystallisation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2022

3 Which method is used to separate a mixture of the following liquids? liquid boiling point / C methanol 64.5 ethanol 78.5 propan-1-ol 97.2 butan-1-ol 117.0 A crystallisation B evaporation C filtration D fractional distillation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2022

19 An acid is neutralised by adding an excess of an insoluble solid base. A soluble salt is formed. How is the pure salt obtained from the reaction mixture? A crystallisation  evaporation  filtration B evaporation  crystallisation  filtration C filtration  crystallisation  evaporation D filtration  evaporation  crystallisation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2022

33 Petroleum is separated into useful fractions by fractional distillation. Which fraction is used as a fuel for jet aeroplanes? A fuel oil B gasoline C naphtha D kerosene / paraffin

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2022

3 Filtration is used to separate mixtures. Which type of mixture is separated by filtration? A an insoluble solid from a liquid B a liquid solvent from a solution C a dissolved solid from a solution D a liquid from a mixture of liquids

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2022

28 The diagram shows a stage in the purification of dirty water. dirty water sand pot with holes fine gravel in bottom coarse gravel Which process does this apparatus show? A chlorination B condensation C distillation D filtration

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2022

17 A student makes aqueous copper(II) chloride by adding excess copper(II) carbonate to dilute hydrochloric acid. What is the next step in the method in the formation of solid copper(II) chloride? A crystallisation B evaporation C filtration D titration

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2023

33 The fractional distillation of petroleum is shown. Which fraction contains hydrocarbons with the longest chain length? fuel gas A B C D petroleum bitumen

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2023

39 Which process is used to produce drinking water from sea water? A crystallisation B distillation C filtration D chlorination

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2023

37 Rock salt is a mixture of salt and sand. The method used to separate the sand from the salt is listed. step 1 Crush the rock salt, add to warm water and stir. step 2 Pour the mixture through a filter paper held in a funnel. step 3 Evaporate the water to crystallise the salt. Which statement about the method is correct? A The filtrate in step 2 is pure water. B The residue in step 2 is pure crystals of salt. C The solute is salt. D The solvent is a mixture of salt and water.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2023

39 A fractionating column is used to separate the hydrocarbon fractions in petroleum by fractional distillation. Which row describes the properties of the fractions that condense at the top of the fractionating column? size of molecule boiling point A large high B large low C small high D small low

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2023

31 The flow chart shows stages in the treatment of river water to produce drinking water. river sedimentation stage stage drinking water tank J K water What occurs at stages J and K? J K A distillation chlorination B distillation filtration C filtration chlorination D filtration distillation

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2023

33 What are the main substances produced by the fractional distillation of liquid air? A oxygen and carbon dioxide B oxygen and nitrogen C helium and nitrogen D hydrogen and oxygen

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2023

39 The apparatus shown is used to separate a mixture. heat What is the mixture? A anhydrous copper(II) sulfate and hydrated copper(II) sulfate B sodium chloride and sand C ethanol and methanol D iron and steel

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2023

39 Copper is insoluble in water. Copper(II) oxide is a solid that is insoluble in water but reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. Which method is used to separate copper from a mixture of copper and copper(II) oxide? A dissolve the mixture in water then filter B dissolve the mixture in water then crystallise C react the mixture with dilute hydrochloric acid then filter D react the mixture with dilute hydrochloric acid then crystallise

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2024

35 Petroleum is a mixture. Which method is used to separate petroleum into its components? A chromatography B cracking C filtration D fractional distillation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2024

38 Sea water contains dissolved sodium chloride. Which method is used to obtain pure water from sea water? A chromatography B distillation C evaporation D filtration Which piece of apparatus is used to measure exactly 21.4cm3 of water?

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2024

23 The following steps are done to prepare solid magnesium sulfate. 1 filtration 2 measurement of 20 cm3 of dilute sulfuric acid using a measuring cylinder 3 evaporation 4 addition of an excess of solid magnesium carbonate to dilute sulfuric acid What is the correct order for these steps? A 2  4  3  1 B 2  4  1  3 C 4  2  1  3 D 4  2  3  1

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2024

37 Four different organic compounds are separated by a fractionating column. The table shows the boiling points of the compounds. The diagram shows the position in the fractionating column where they are separated. compound boiling point / C Q 69 R 196 S 90 T 125 fraction 1 fraction 2 fraction 3 fraction 4 mixture of organic compounds Which row identifies the compound in each fraction? fraction 1 fraction 2 fraction 3 fraction 4 A Q S T R B Q T S R C R T S Q D R S T Q

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2024

40 Sample M contains calcium carbonate and sodium nitrate. The result of adding water to M, stirring and filtering is shown. No chemical reaction occurs. calcium carbonate aqueous sodium nitrate Which terms describe M, calcium carbonate and aqueous sodium nitrate? calcium aqueous sample M carbonate sodium nitrate A compound filtrate residue B compound residue filtrate C mixture filtrate residue D mixture residue filtrate

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2024

39 Excess solid magnesium oxide is added to dilute nitric acid. Which separation technique is used to remove the excess solid magnesium oxide after the reaction finishes? A chromatography B crystallisation C distillation D filtration

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2025

39 Which process is used to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points? A dissolving B crystallisation C filtration D fractional distillation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2025

21 Which mixture of solids is separated by adding water, stirring, and then using filtration? A ammonium chloride and silver chloride B barium sulfate and calcium sulfate C copper(II) hydroxide and iron(III) hydroxide D potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2025