Solids, liquids and gases — Paper 1 · IGCSE Chemistry (9-1) 0971

1 The diagrams show particles in a container. 1 2 3 Which two diagrams show the process of evaporation? A 1 → 2 B 1 → 3 C 2 → 3 D 3 → 1

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2018

3 The melting points and boiling points of pure substances W, X and Y are shown. W X Y melting point / °C –114 115 –101 boiling point / °C 78 445 –34 The substances are chlorine, ethanol and sulfur. Which row identifies W, X and Y? W X Y A chlorine ethanol sulfur B ethanol sulfur chlorine C sulfur chlorine ethanol D sulfur ethanol chlorine

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2018

1 Sodium chloride is a liquid at 900 °C. How are the particles arranged and how do the particles move in sodium chloride at 900 °C? arrangement of particles motion of particles A regular vibrate about a fixed point B regular move randomly C random vibrate about a fixed point D random move randomly

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2019

1 The diagram shows a cup of hot tea. Which row describes the water particles in the air above the cup compared with the water particles in the cup? moving faster closer together v x 0 0O WwW > v v x x x v

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2019

1 Nitrogen is heated in a balloon, which expands slightly. Which statements about the molecules of nitrogen are correct? 1 They move further apart. 2 They move more quickly. 3 They remain the same distance apart. 4 Their speed remains unchanged. A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2020

1 Each rectangle shows the arrangement of particles in each of the three states of matter. X, Y and Z represent the processes needed to change from one state to another. X Y Z What are the processes X, Y and Z? X Y Z A evaporating subliming condensing B evaporating subliming freezing C subliming evaporating condensing D subliming evaporating freezing

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2020

2 Oxygen melts at –219 C and boils at –183 C. At which temperature is oxygen a liquid? A –225 C B –189 C C –175 C D 25 C

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2020

1 Which row describes the arrangement and movement of particles in a liquid? arrangement of particles movement of particles A touching and regular vibrating B touching and random moving around each other C touching and regular moving around each other D touching and random moving very fast

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2021

1 Which row describes what happens to the particles in solid iodine when it is heated and turned into a gas? separation speed of particles of particles A closer together faster B closer together slower C further apart faster D further apart slower

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2021

1 Diagrams of the three states of matter for carbon dioxide are shown. 1 2 3 Which two diagrams show the states of matter before and after the sublimation of carbon dioxide? A 2 to 1 B 2 to 3 C 3 to 1 D 3 to 2

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2022

1 Substances change state when their temperature is changed. Which changes of state take place when the temperature of a substance is lowered? 1 boiling 2 condensation 3 freezing 4 melting A 1 and 4 B 2, 3 and 4 C 2 and 3 only D 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2022

1 Which statement describes the particles in a liquid? A They are close together but have no regular arrangement. B They are densely packed in a regular order. C They move freely at high speed and are widely spaced. D They vibrate but do not move from a fixed position.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2022

12 Some properties of four fuels are shown. Which fuel is a gas at room temperature and makes two products when it burns in a plentiful supply of air? melting point boiling point fuel formula / C / C A hydrogen H2 –259 –253 B methane CH4 –182 –164 C octane C8H18 –57 126 D wax C31H64 60 400

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2022

1. The diagram shows the result of dropping a purple crystal into water. after water five hours —__ > purple purple solution crystal Which processes take place in this experiment? chemical reaction diffusing dissolving 0 OO WwW PY x « & Ke O&K << & x

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2023

1 Four physical changes of ethanol are listed. 1 condensation 2 evaporation 3 freezing 4 boiling In which changes do the particles move further apart? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2023

1 The melting points and boiling points of four elements are shown. melting boiling element point / °C point / °C W –7 60 X –101 –34 Y 114 184 Z 39 688 In which elements do the particles vibrate about fixed positions at 0 °C? A W and X B W and Z C X and Y D Y and Z

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2023

1 The boiling point of sodium is 890 °C. What happens to sodium atoms as the temperature of a sample of sodium changes from 950 °C to 900 °C? A The atoms move more quickly and bonds are formed. B The atoms move more quickly and bonds are neither broken nor formed. C The atoms move more slowly and bonds are formed. D The atoms move more slowly and bonds are neither broken nor formed.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2024

2 Which row shows the conditions for the particles of a gas colliding most frequently? pressure temperature A high high B high low C low high D low low

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/11 May/June 2024

1 Which statement about gases is correct? A Gases are difficult to compress when pressure is applied. B The particles in gases are close together. C The particles in gases have a random arrangement. D The particles in gases move slowly past each other.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2024

2 A sample of argon gas is heated in a closed container. Which row describes what happens to the pressure and the size of the argon atoms? pressure size A decreases increases B decreases stays the same C increases increases D increases stays the same

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2024

1 The table shows some information about the three states of matter. particle particle type of motion separation arrangement 1 touching with some particles random slide past each having spaces between them other at low speed 2 particles are far apart random rapid motion in straight lines 3 touching with very little regular vibration only space between the particles Which row is correct? 1 2 3 A gas liquid solid B liquid solid gas C liquid gas solid D solid gas liquid

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2024

2 Which arrow represents evaporation? A B solid liquid gas C D

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2024

1 Substance L melts at –7 °C and is a brown liquid at room temperature. What is the boiling point of pure L? A –77 °C B –7 °C to +7 °C C 59 °C D 107 °C to 117 °C

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2025

2 Which row describes how the volume of a gas changes when its temperature is increased at constant pressure and when its pressure is increased at constant temperature? temperature is increased pressure is increased at constant pressure at constant temperature A volume decreases volume decreases B volume decreases volume increases C volume increases volume decreases D volume increases volume increases

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/12 May/June 2025

1 Water exists as solid ice, liquid water and steam. In which states can water easily be compressed to half its original volume? A ice, liquid water and steam B liquid water and steam only C liquid water only D steam only

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2025

2 The melting point of sulfur is 113 °C. Which row describes the arrangement and movement of sulfur particles at 25 °C? arrangement of particles movement of particles A regular vibrate about fixed positions B regular random C random vibrate about fixed positions D random random

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/12 Oct/Nov 2025