Similarities and trends in the properties of the Group 2 metals, magnesium to barium, and their compounds — Paper 1 · A Level Chemistry 9701

14 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question. A significant contribution to atmospheric carbon dioxide levels comes from the thermal decomposition of limestone, in the manufacture of cement and of lime for agricultural purposes. Cement works roast 1000 million tonnes of limestone per year and a further 200 million tonnes is roasted in kilns to make lime. What is the total annual mass output of carbon dioxide (in million tonnes) from these two processes? A 440 B 527 C 660 D 880

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2011

15 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question. A 5.00 g sample of an anhydrous Group II metal nitrate loses 3.29 g in mass when heated strongly. Which metal is present? A magnesium B calcium C strontium D barium

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2011

18 Total removal of the pollutant sulfur dioxide, SO2, is difficult, both for economic and technical reasons. The quantities emitted from furnace chimneys can be lowered by using desulfurisation plants. The gases are scrubbed (washed) with calcium hydroxide to remove the SO2. What is the main product formed initially? A Ca(HSO4)2 B CaS C CaSO3 D CaSO4

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2011

34 A farmer spreads lime on land which has already been treated with an ammonium nitrate fertiliser. Which reactions will occur in the treated soil? 1 Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4 +(aq) → Ca2+(aq) + 2NH3 + 2H2O 2 Ca(OH)2 + 2H+(aq) → Ca2+(aq) + 2H2O 3 Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2011

34 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question. Which properties would be expected for radium, 88Ra, or its compounds? 1 Radium carbonate would not decompose at the temperature of a Bunsen flame. 2 Radium hydroxide is very insoluble. 3 Radium does not react with cold water.

1 marks

This question in 9701/12 Oct/Nov 2011

14 A 0.005 mol sample of anhydrous calcium carbonate was completely thermally decomposed to give 100 cm3 of gas measured at a certain temperature and pressure. In a separate experiment carried out at the same temperature and pressure, a 0.005 mol sample of anhydrous calcium nitrate was completely thermally decomposed. The volume of gaseous products was measured. What total volume of gaseous products was produced from the calcium nitrate? A 50 cm3 B 100 cm3 C 200 cm3 D 250 cm3

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9701/12 May/June 2016

16 A solid, T, was placed in an excess of the liquid U. A colourless gas was given off and a white precipitate was seen. The precipitate was not T. What could be the identities of T and U? T U A BaCO3 H2O B Ca dilute H2SO4 C Mg dilute H2SO4 D SrCO3 dilute HCl

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/12 May/June 2016

35 The formula of a solid magnesium compound is Mg(NO3)2.6H2O. When the solid compound is heated in a hard-glass test-tube, one or more changes are observed. Which statements are correct? 1 Strong heating produces a basic residue. 2 Strong heating produces a brown gas. 3 Gentle heating produces colourless droplets of liquid on the upper parts of the test-tube.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9701/13 May/June 2017

5 Which mass of solid residue is obtained from the thermal decomposition of 4.10 g of anhydrous calcium nitrate? A 0.70 g B 1.00 g C 1.40 g D 2.25 g

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9701/12 Feb/March 2018

15 A solution contains both Mg2+(aq) and Sr2+(aq) at the same concentration. The solution is divided into two equal portions. Aqueous sodium hydroxide is added dropwise to one portion. Dilute sulfuric acid is added dropwise to the other portion. Which row is correct? precipitate seen first precipitate seen first when NaOH(aq) is added when H2SO4(aq) is added A magnesium hydroxide magnesium sulfate B magnesium hydroxide strontium sulfate C strontium hydroxide magnesium sulfate D strontium hydroxide strontium sulfate

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/12 Feb/March 2018

4 5.0 g samples of the carbonates of barium, copper, lithium and magnesium are decomposed to the metal oxides and carbon dioxide. For which compound is there the greatest loss in mass? A barium carbonate B copper(II) carbonate C lithium carbonate D magnesium carbonate

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2018

15 A sample of anhydrous calcium nitrate is placed in a test-tube and heated in a roaring Bunsen flame until it decomposes. The description of the gas in the test-tube is then noted. A glowing splint is then put into the test-tube and any changes are noted. Which observations are correct? description of the result of gas in the test-tube glowing splint test A brown the splint goes out B brown the splint relights C colourless the splint goes out D colourless the splint relights

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2018

18 Which statement explains the observation that magnesium hydroxide dissolves in aqueous ammonium chloride, but not in aqueous sodium chloride? A The ionic radius of the NH4 + ion is similar to that of Mg2+ but not that of Na+. B NH4Cl dissociates less fully than NaCl. C The Na+ and Mg2+ ions have the same number of electrons. D The NH4 + ion can donate a proton.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2018

35 Which reaction routes can be used to make a pure sample of barium sulfate? heat dilute dilute filter, wash 1 Ba metal product product 2 product 3 in O2 HCl H2SO4 and dry strong solid an excess dilute filter, wash 2 Ba(NO3)2 product 2 product 3 heat in air product of water H2SO4 and dry dilute dilute filter, wash 3 Ba(OH)2 product product 2 HNO3 H2SO4 and dry

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2018

36 Which properties increase from magnesium to barium? 1 ionic radius of the cation M2+ 2 screening of outermost electrons by inner shells 3 solubility of the hydroxides, M(OH)2, in water

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2018

13 Which row could refer to barium metal and barium hydroxide? colour seen pH of a saturated when the metal solution of is burnt in O2 the hydroxide A green flame 8 B green flame 13 C white flame 8 D white flame 13

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/12 Oct/Nov 2020

16 Due to their similar ionic radii, the reactions of lithium and magnesium and their corresponding compounds are very similar. Which statement about the reactions of lithium or its compounds can be predicted from this statement? A Lithium burns very slowly in oxygen. B Lithium carbonate decomposes on heating in a blue Bunsen burner flame, forming lithium oxide and carbon dioxide. C Lithium nitrate decomposes on heating, forming lithium nitrite, LiNO2, and oxygen. D Lithium reacts very violently with cold water, producing hydrogen.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/12 Oct/Nov 2020

35 Group 2 elements and their compounds show trends in their physical and chemical properties. Barium is above radium in Group 2 of the Periodic Table. Which statements are likely to be correct? 1 Barium hydroxide is less soluble than radium hydroxide. 2 Barium reacts less vigorously with water than radium does. 3 Barium sulfate is more soluble than radium sulfate.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9701/12 Oct/Nov 2020

14 In which list are all three compounds soluble in water? A barium chloride, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide B barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, strontium carbonate C barium chloride, barium hydroxide, magnesium sulfate D barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9701/13 Oct/Nov 2021

15 Anhydrous magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, decomposes when heated, giving a white solid and a mixture of two gases, X and Y. Y is oxygen. What is the ratio mass of X released ? mass of Y released A 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 0 . 174 0 . 267 0 . 348 3 . 43

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9701/13 Oct/Nov 2021

36 Which statements about calcium oxide are correct? 1 It can be reduced by heating with magnesium. 2 It is produced when calcium nitrate is heated. 3 It reacts with cold water.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9701/13 Oct/Nov 2021

20 Which row is correct? the temperature needed to the solubility of decompose Group 2 metal nitrates Group 2 sulfates A decreases down the group decreases down the group B decreases down the group increases down the group C increases down the group increases down the group D increases down the group decreases down the group

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2022

20 Which row is correct? the temperature needed to the solubility of decompose Group 2 metal nitrates Group 2 sulfates A decreases down the group decreases down the group B decreases down the group increases down the group C increases down the group increases down the group D increases down the group decreases down the group

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9701/13 Oct/Nov 2022

21 A sample containing 0.010mol of anhydrous calcium nitrate is heated strongly until it fully decomposes. All the gas produced is collected and its volume measured at room conditions. What is the volume of gas produced? A 120cm3 B 600cm3 C 720cm3 D 840cm3

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/12 Feb/March 2023

23 In Group 2 of the Periodic Table, the properties of the elements and their compounds show regular change down the group. Which property shows a decrease from magnesium to barium? A the decomposition temperature of the carbonates B the decomposition temperature of the nitrates C the solubility of the hydroxides D the solubility of the sulfates

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9701/12 Feb/March 2023

24 Four properties of beryllium, Be, or a beryllium compound are listed. Which property is different from the property of magnesium or the equivalent magnesium compound? A Be reacts with O2 when heated in air; Mg does not. B Be reacts with aqueous H2SO4 to form a metal sulfate and H2; Mg does not. C Be(NO3)2 decomposes on heating to form a metal oxide, NO2 and O2; Mg(NO3)2 does not. D BeCl 2 reacts with water to form fumes of HCl; MgCl 2 does not.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9701/12 Feb/March 2023

22 The table gives some data for compounds of two elements from Group 2 of the Periodic Table. decomposition solubility of sulfate solubility of hydroxide element temperature of in mol/100g in mol/100g carbonate/°C of water of water calcium 840 4.66 × 10–3 1.53 × 10–3 Z ? ? 2.00 × 10–5 What is the missing data for element Z? decomposition solubility of sulfate temperature of in mol/100g carbonate/°C of water A 350 1.83 × 10–1 B 350 7.11 × 10–5 C 1100 1.83 × 10–1 D 1100 7.11 × 10–5

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 9701/12 Oct/Nov 2023

23 Q is a mixture of two compounds of Group 2 elements. Q undergoes thermal decomposition to produce a white solid and only two gaseous products. One of the gaseous products relights a glowing splint. What could be the components of mixture Q? A MgCl 2 and CaCO3 B MgCO3 and Ca(NO3)2 C Mg(NO3)2 and Ca(NO3)2 D MgO and CaO

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9701/12 Oct/Nov 2023

19 Which statement about strontium and its compounds is correct? A Strontium hydroxide is more soluble than barium hydroxide. B Strontium sulfate is more soluble than magnesium sulfate. C Strontium nitrate has a lower thermal stability than calcium nitrate. D Strontium is a stronger reducing agent than magnesium.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9701/12 May/June 2025

23 1.0 g of each of four different compounds of Group 2 elements are thermally decomposed. The residue in each decomposition is the oxide of the Group 2 element. The volume of gas produced from each reaction is measured at room conditions. Which substance produces the greatest volume of gas? A calcium carbonate B calcium nitrate C strontium carbonate D strontium nitrate

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/12 May/June 2025

19 The trends seen in Group 2 can be used to predict the properties of radium and its compounds. Which statement is correct? A Radium has the highest second ionisation energy of the elements in Group 2. B Radium hydroxide is the least soluble of the hydroxides of the elements in Group 2. C Radium carbonate has the lowest thermal stability of the carbonates of the elements in Group 2. D Radium reacts faster with water than the other elements in Group 2.

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2025

20 Equal masses of CaCO3, Ca(NO3)2, BaCO3 and Ba(NO3)2 are thermally decomposed. The volume of gas produced in each experiment is measured under the same conditions. Which compound will produce the greatest volume of gas? A CaCO3 B Ca(NO3)2 C BaCO3 D Ba(NO3)2

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/11 Oct/Nov 2025

19 When heated, magnesium nitrate decomposes. Which equation for the thermal decomposition of magnesium nitrate is correct? A Mg(NO3)2  MgO + NO2 + NO + O2 B 2Mg(NO3)2  2MgO + 4NO + 3O2 C 2Mg(NO3)2  2MgO + 4NO2 + O2 D 3Mg(NO3)2  Mg2N3 + MgO + 3NO + 7O2

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 9701/12 Oct/Nov 2025

20 R is the aqueous solution of an ionic compound. ● A white precipitate is formed when R is added to Sr(NO3)2(aq). ● No visible reaction is seen when R is added to dilute HNO3(aq). What is the anion present in compound R? A Cl – B SO4 2– C HCO3 – D CO3 2–

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 9701/12 Oct/Nov 2025