Preparation of salts — Paper 2 · IGCSE Chemistry (9-1) 0971

19 A student mixes silver nitrate and barium chloride to form a white precipitate of silver chloride. The equation is shown. 2AgNO3 + BaCl 2 → 2AgCl + Ba(NO3)2 Which row describes the solubility of the salts? soluble insoluble A silver nitrate barium chloride, barium nitrate and silver chloride B silver nitrate and barium chloride barium nitrate and silver chloride C silver nitrate, barium chloride silver chloride and barium nitrate D silver nitrate, barium chloride barium nitrate and silver chloride

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/21 May/June 2018

20 Which methods are suitable for preparing both zinc sulfate and copper(II) sulfate? 1 reacting the metal oxide with warm dilute aqueous sulfuric acid 2 reacting the metal with dilute aqueous sulfuric acid 3 reacting the metal carbonate with dilute aqueous sulfuric acid A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/21 May/June 2018

20 Some general rules for the solubility of salts in water are listed. ● Carbonates are insoluble (except ammonium carbonate, potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate). ● Chlorides are soluble (except lead(II) chloride and silver chloride). ● Nitrates are soluble. ● Sulfates are soluble (except barium sulfate, calcium sulfate and lead(II) sulfate). Which substances produce an insoluble salt when aqueous solutions of them are mixed? A barium chloride and magnesium nitrate B calcium chloride and ammonium nitrate C silver nitrate and zinc chloride D sodium carbonate and potassium sulfate

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/22 Oct/Nov 2018

21 A method used to make copper(II) sulfate crystals is shown. 1 Place dilute sulfuric acid in a beaker. 2 Warm the acid. 3 Add copper(II) oxide until it is in excess. 4 Filter the mixture. 5 Evaporate the filtrate until crystals start to form. 6 Leave the filtrate to cool. What are the purposes of step 3 and step 4? step 3 step 4 A to ensure all of the acid has reacted to obtain solid copper(II) sulfate B to ensure all of the acid has reacted to remove the excess of copper(II) oxide C to speed up the reaction to obtain solid copper(II) sulfate D to speed up the reaction to remove the excess of copper(II) oxide

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/22 Oct/Nov 2019

22 Lead(II) sulfate is an insoluble salt. Which reaction produces a mixture from which lead(II) sulfate is obtained by filtration? A adding solid lead(II) carbonate to dilute sulfuric acid B adding solid lead(II) hydroxide to dilute sulfuric acid C adding metallic lead to dilute sulfuric acid D adding aqueous lead(II) nitrate to dilute sulfuric acid

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/22 Oct/Nov 2019

8 A solution of iron(III) sulfate reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide to form a red–brown precipitate. What is the balanced equation, including state symbols, for the reaction? A FeSO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Fe(OH)2(s) + Na2SO4(aq) B FeSO4(l) + 2NaOH(l) → Fe(OH)2(s) + Na2SO4(l) C Fe2(SO4)3(aq) + 6NaOH(aq) → 2Fe(OH)3(s) + 3Na2SO4(aq) D Fe2(SO4)3(l) + 6NaOH(aq) → 2Fe(OH)3(s) + 3Na2SO4(l)

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/21 May/June 2020

20 The apparatus shown is used to prepare aqueous copper(II) sulfate. filter paper stirrer excess of solid X solid X Y aqueous copper(II) sulfate heat What are X and Y? X Y A copper aqueous iron(II) sulfate B copper(II) chloride dilute sulfuric acid C copper(II) oxide dilute sulfuric acid D sulfur aqueous copper(II) chloride

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/21 May/June 2020

21 Lead(II) sulfate is an insoluble salt. Which method is suitable for obtaining solid lead(II) sulfate? A Mix aqueous lead(II) nitrate and aqueous potassium sulfate, heat to evaporate all of the water, collect the solid and then wash and dry it. B Mix aqueous lead(II) nitrate and aqueous potassium sulfate, filter, collect the filtrate, crystallise, then wash and dry the crystals. C Mix aqueous lead(II) nitrate and dilute sulfuric acid, filter, then wash and dry the residue. D Titrate aqueous lead(II) hydroxide with dilute sulfuric acid, crystallise, then wash and dry the crystals.

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/21 May/June 2020

20 The apparatus shown is used to prepare aqueous copper(II) sulfate. filter paper stirrer excess of solid X solid X Y aqueous copper(II) sulfate heat What are X and Y? X Y A copper aqueous iron(II) sulfate B copper(II) chloride dilute sulfuric acid C copper(II) oxide dilute sulfuric acid D sulfur aqueous copper(II) chloride

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/22 May/June 2020

21 Which process is not used in the preparation of an insoluble salt? A filtration B washing C crystallisation D drying

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/22 May/June 2020

22 The equations for three reactions are shown. 1 Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2KI(aq)  PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq) 2 2AgNO3(aq) + CuI2(aq)  Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2AgI(s) 3 CuO(s) + H2SO4(aq)  CuSO4(aq) + H2O(l) Which reactions are suitable for making a salt by precipitation? A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/22 Oct/Nov 2020

24 A student carries out an experiment to prepare pure magnesium sulfate crystals. The diagram shows the first stage of the preparation. stirrer magnesium carbonate dilute sulfuric acid He adds magnesium carbonate until no more reacts. Which process should he use for the next stage? A crystallisation B evaporation C filtration D neutralisation

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/22 Oct/Nov 2020

19 Copper(II) sulfate is prepared by adding excess copper(II) oxide to warm dilute sulfuric acid. Which purification methods are used to obtain pure solid copper(II) sulfate from the reaction mixture? 1 crystallisation 2 filtration 3 chromatography 4 distillation A 1 and 4 B 1 and 2 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/21 May/June 2021

19 Information about the solubility of salts is shown. salt solubility chlorides soluble (except for lead(II) chloride and silver chloride) nitrates soluble sulfates soluble (except for barium sulfate and lead(II) sulfate) Aqueous solutions of which two compounds would produce a precipitate when added together? A Ba(NO3)2 and CaCl 2 B CuSO4 and Zn(NO3)2 C KCl and Na2SO4 D Pb(NO3)2 and MgSO4

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/22 May/June 2021

22 All metal nitrates are soluble in water. All metal chlorides are soluble except silver and lead. All metal carbonates are insoluble except sodium and potassium. Which aqueous solutions produce a precipitate when mixed together? 1 silver nitrate + sodium carbonate 2 silver nitrate + sodium chloride 3 barium nitrate + potassium chloride A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0971/22 Oct/Nov 2021

19 An acid is neutralised by adding an excess of an insoluble solid base. A soluble salt is formed. How is the pure salt obtained from the reaction mixture? A crystallisation  evaporation  filtration B evaporation  crystallisation  filtration C filtration  crystallisation  evaporation D filtration  evaporation  crystallisation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/21 May/June 2022

19 An acid is neutralised by adding an excess of an insoluble solid base. A soluble salt is formed. How is the pure salt obtained from the reaction mixture? A crystallisation  evaporation  filtration B evaporation  crystallisation  filtration C filtration  crystallisation  evaporation D filtration  evaporation  crystallisation

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/22 May/June 2022

20 Copper(II) sulfate is a soluble salt. Calcium sulfate is an insoluble salt. Which row shows suitable reactants for preparing a pure sample of the named salt? salt reactants A calcium sulfate calcium carbonate + dilute sulfuric acid B calcium sulfate aqueous calcium chloride and aqueous sodium sulfate C copper(II) sulfate copper + dilute sulfuric acid D copper(II) sulfate aqueous copper(II) chloride and aqueous sodium sulfate

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/22 Oct/Nov 2022

17 Which method produces the salt copper(II) carbonate? A Add copper(II) oxide to water, then add excess aqueous sodium carbonate. Filter off the precipitate. B Add copper(II) oxide to dilute sulfuric acid, then add excess aqueous sodium carbonate. Filter off the precipitate. C Add copper to dilute hydrochloric acid, then add aqueous sodium carbonate. Filter off the precipitate. D Add copper(II) oxide to excess aqueous sodium carbonate. Filter off the precipitate.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/21 May/June 2023

18 Copper(II) carbonate is formed when aqueous sodium carbonate is added to aqueous copper(II) nitrate. The ionic equation for the reaction is shown. CO3 2–(aq) + Cu2+(aq) → CuCO3(s) How is pure copper(II) carbonate obtained from the reaction mixture? A evaporate → filter → dry B evaporate → wash → crystallise C filter → evaporate → crystallise D filter → wash → dry

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/22 May/June 2023

20 Lead(II) sulfate is an insoluble salt. Which reaction produces a mixture from which lead(II) sulfate is obtained by filtration? A adding solid lead(II) carbonate to dilute sulfuric acid B adding solid lead(II) hydroxide to dilute sulfuric acid C adding metallic lead to dilute sulfuric acid D adding aqueous lead(II) nitrate to dilute sulfuric acid

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0971/22 May/June 2023

21 Which method is used to produce insoluble salts? A addition of excess insoluble base to an acid B addition of excess metal to an acid C precipitation using two aqueous solutions D titration using an acid and an alkali

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/22 Oct/Nov 2023

20 Which process is not used in the preparation of an insoluble salt? A filtration B washing C crystallisation D drying

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0971/22 May/June 2024

20 Which method is used to prepare a pure, dry sample of lead(II) chloride? A mix aqueous lead(II) nitrate and dilute hydrochloric acid  filter  crystallise and dry the filtrate B mix aqueous lead(II) nitrate and dilute hydrochloric acid  filter  wash and dry the residue C mix solid lead(II) hydroxide and aqueous sodium chloride  filter  crystallise and dry the filtrate D mix solid lead(II) hydroxide and aqueous sodium chloride  filter  wash and dry the residue

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0971/22 Oct/Nov 2025