Cambridge IGCSE Geography 0460 — 2010 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 1

This document consists of 14 printed pages and 2 blank pages and 1 Insert. DC (SJF5545/KN) 11580/4 © UCLES 2010 [Turn over UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education * 6 0 3 9 5 6 4 9 9 3 * GEOGRAPHY 0460/21 Paper 2 October/November 2010 1 hour 30 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. Additional Materials: Ruler Protractor Plain paper 1:25 000 Survey Map Extract is enclosed with this Question Paper. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces provided. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. The Insert contains Photograph A for Question 5. Sketch maps and diagrams should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The Survey Map Extract and the Insert are not required by the Examiner. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. www.theallpapers.com

2 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 For Examiner’s Use 1 Study the map extract which is for Port Louis, Mauritius. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1 shows part of the coastal area of the map. Study Fig. 1 and the map extract and answer the questions on the opposite page. 96 96 97 97 98 98 99 99 08 08 07 07 06 06 05 05 A B C D E F Fig. 1 www.theallpapers.com

3 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use Identify the following features shown on Fig. 1. (i) the plantation crop in area A; … (ii) the named or public building at B; … (iii) two services or functions in grid square C; … (iv) the type of road at D; … (v) the name of river E; … (vi) feature F in the ocean. … [6] (b) Fig. 2 is a cross section drawn from 975038 to 005038 through Priest Peak. Fig. 2 Using labelled arrows, mark the following features on Fig. 2: (i) the Citadel; (ii) Priest Peak; (iii) a power line. [3] 100 200 300 100 200 300 height (metres) height (metres) Registrar General Office School 975038 005038 www.theallpapers.com

4 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 For Examiner’s Use (c) The Port Louis area is an important commercial port in Mauritius. (i) State two features shown on the map which suggest that the area is a port. 1 … 2 … [2] (ii) Using evidence from the map extract, describe three natural advantages of the area for the development of a port. 1 … … 2 … … 3 … … [3] (d) (i) Find the CBD (Central Business District) of Port Louis. State the four figure grid reference of the square containing the CBD. … [1] (ii) State the meaning of the map symbol shown at 986029. … [1] www.theallpapers.com

5 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use (e) Fig. 3 shows the area around Quoin Bluff. The area shaded is over 100 metres above sea level. 95 96 97 98 95 96 97 98 03 02 03 02 01 01 100 100 QUOIN BLUFF Key 100 contour (metres) Fig. 3 Describe the relief of the area shaded on Fig. 3. … … … … … … … … [4] [Total: 20 marks] www.theallpapers.com

6 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 For Examiner’s Use 2 The city of Cambridge in the UK lies close to important transport routes. People commute to work in the CBD from the suburbs and surrounding villages. The city suffers from traffic congestion. Fig. 4 below shows features of the transport routes in and around Cambridge. CBD CBD Melbourn A10 to London 0 2 4 km 6 to London A11 A1307 M11 M11 P P P P P A603 A428 N CAMBRIDGE CAMBRIDGE CAMBRIDGE to Ely A10 A14 A11 A1303 to Harwich A14 to Birmingham P Key motorway and dual carriageway other main road car park with bus to CBD built up area railway and station central business district Fig. 4 www.theallpapers.com

7 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use (a) What features, shown on Fig. 4, help reduce traffic congestion for long distance travellers who do not wish to visit Cambridge? … … … … [2] (b) (i) Find the village of Melbourn on Fig. 4. A commuter travels from Melbourn to Cambridge CBD. Estimate the distance, to the nearest kilometre, that the commuter travels. ………………………………… kilometres State the compass direction in which the commuter travels. ………………………………… [2] (ii) Describe and give a reason for the location of the car parks shown on Fig. 4. … … … … … … [3] (c) Suggest one way of reducing traffic congestion caused by commuters from the suburbs of Cambridge. … … … [1] [Total: 8 marks] www.theallpapers.com

8 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 For Examiner’s Use 3 Study Fig. 5, which shows the Earth’s tectonic plates and plate margins and Fig. 6, which shows the world distribution of active volcanoes. Pacific Plate North American Plate South South American American Plate Plate South American Plate Nazca Plate African Plate Eurasian Plate Australian Australian Plate Plate Indian Indian Plate Plate Australian Plate Indian Plate Antarctic Plate Fig. 5 Key Active volcano Fig. 6 (a) Using arrows, as shown below, label on Fig. 5, a plate margin where: (i) plates are moving away from each other (← →); (ii) plates are moving towards each other (→ ←). [2] www.theallpapers.com

9 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use (b) Which two of the following statements about active volcanoes are correct? Tick only two statements. Statement Tick They are mostly found in the centres of plates They are mostly found at plate margins They are found at every plate margin They may be found in the centres of plates They are only found at plate margins [2] (c) Fig. 7 is a map showing some of the effects of the eruption of Mount St Helens, USA, in May 1980. N Green River River S m i t h Creek Clearwater Creek Swift Creek South Fork Toutle River Green Green Coldwater Coldwater Creek Creek Spirit Spirit Lake Lake North Fork North Fork Toutle River Toutle River North Fork Toutle River Green Coldwater Creek Spirit Lake S m i t h Creek crater pyroclastic flow mudflow debris avalanche sideways blast Effects: Key 0 4 km 8 Fig. 7 (i) Which effect of the eruption: covered over 600 km2 north of the crater; …………………………………… occurred in a single, 22 km long band west of Spirit Lake; …………………………… covered an area from the crater to 8 km further north?……………………………… [3] (ii) Suggest a reason for the distribution of mudflows shown on Fig. 7. … … [1] [Total: 8 marks] www.theallpapers.com

10 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 For Examiner’s Use 4 Figs 8 and 9 show features seen at a weather station. Fig. 8 Fig. 9 (a) (i) Why is the box shown on Fig. 8 raised above the ground? … … [1] (ii) Why are the sides of the box shown on Fig. 8 louvred (slatted)? … … [1] (b) (i) What feature of the weather does the instrument shown on Fig. 9 measure? … [1] (ii) What units are used to record this weather feature? … [1] www.theallpapers.com

11 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use (c) Clouds are recorded without using any equipment. Fig. 10 shows three types of cloud. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Y X Z thousands of metres sea level Fig. 10 (i) Name the types of cloud shown on Fig. 10. X ………………………………………………… Y ………………………………………………… Z ………………………………………………… [3] (ii) State the units used to estimate the amount of cloud cover. … [1] [Total: 8 marks] www.theallpapers.com

12 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 For Examiner’s Use 5 Photograph A (Insert), shows part of a river valley. Describe the river, relief and vegetation shown in the photograph. River … … … … … … … … Relief … … … … … … … … Vegetation … … … … … … … [Total: 8 marks] www.theallpapers.com

13 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 [Turn over BLANK PAGE www.theallpapers.com

14 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 For Examiner’s Use 6 Four types of graph used in geography are: • a radial graph (rose diagram) • a pie graph (pie chart) • a scatter graph • a line graph For each of the following four examples, (a), (b), (c) and (d), choose the most appropriate type of graph from the list above. Name the type of graph and draw a labelled sketch of it. You may use each type of graph once only. (a) A graph to show the percentages of tourists arriving in a country by air, road, rail and sea. Name of type of graph … Labelled sketch [2] (b) A graph to show changes in the production of a crop over a number of years. Name of type of graph … Labelled sketch [2] www.theallpapers.com

15 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 For Examiner’s Use (c) A graph to show the relationship between crop yields and amount of fertiliser used in a group of countries. Name of type of graph … Labelled sketch [2] (d) A graph to show the variation in wind direction in one month at a weather station. Name of type of graph … Labelled sketch [2] [Total: 8 marks] www.theallpapers.com

16 0460/21/O/N/10 © UCLES 2010 BLANK PAGE Copyright Acknowledgements: © Map of Port Louis, Mauritius; Mauritius Government. Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. www.theallpapers.com

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2010 question paper for the guidance of teachers 0460 GEOGRAPHY 0460/21 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 60 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the examination. • CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes. CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2010 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses. www.theallpapers.com

Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2010 0460 21 © UCLES 2010 1 (a) (i) sugar, (ii) factory, (Fcty = 0) (iii) hospital, power (sub)station/electricity, mill, temple, well, (2 = 1 mark) (iv) motorway, (v) Lataniers (River), (vi) coral/reef, [6] (b) Use the on-screen ruler to measure as follows: (i) 20-25mm from left side of section (ii) 82-86mm from left side of section (iii) 68-72mm from left side of section [3] Each should be identified by a label and by a line or arrow. The label could be the name, e.g. “power line”, or the number, e.g. (i). Lines ending more than about 5mm from the profile = 0. If the line is within tolerance of 5mm but does not reach the profile, mark the point where it would meet the profile if extended. If labels point to the base line allow max 1. (c) (i) jetty, docks/enclosed areas of water, dry dock, fishing port, bulk sugar terminal, harbour, quay, pier, Extract from place names. [2] (ii) sheltered/natural harbours, provided by bays/inlets/headlands, breaks in coral reefs, flat land next to coast, valleys/routes converge on coast, [3] www.theallpapers.com

Page 3 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2010 0460 21 © UCLES 2010 (d) (i) 9703, [1] (ii) minor trigonometrical station, [1] (e) high/hilly/mountain, steep, concave, cliffs at top/located, ridge, spur, heights 225m to over 500m (accept any heights within this range) col, [4] 2 (a) by passes (or expressed differently), M11, A14, A11, railway, [2] (b) (i) 17/18/19(km), north east/north north east, [2] (ii) outside/on outskirts of built-up area, 2-5km from CBD, bus to CBD, leave cars and travel to CBD, to avoid congestion, park and ride, [3] (c) provision of (cheap) public transport, cycleways, walking routes, (encourage) walking/cycling, car sharing, prohibition of cars, congestion charging, tidal flow, bus lanes, [1] www.theallpapers.com

Page 4 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2010 0460 21 © UCLES 2010 3 (a) (i) Mid Atlantic Ridge, East Pacific Rise, Carlsberg Ridge, Australian – Antarctic boundary, (ii) Andes, Caribbean, African-Eurasian margin, Himalayas, West Pacific margins, Indondesia, If more than one given and none is wrong = 0 [2] (b) Statement Tick They are mostly found in the centres of plates They are mostly found at plate margins
They are found at every plate margin They may be found in the centres of plates
They are only found at plate margins [2] (c) (i) sideways blast, debris avalanche, pyroclastic flow, [3] (ii) follow valleys/rivers/previous landscape features, [1] 4 (a) (i) to avoid heating/cooling effects of the ground, [1] (ii) to allow air circulation/ventilation, (to prevent overheating = 0) to give shade temperature of air, [1] (b) (i) wind speed, (speed and direction = 0) [1] (ii) knots, Beaufort Scale, metres per second miles per hour, kilometres per hour, [1] (c) (i) X cirrus, Y cumulus/fair weather cumulus, Z cumulonimbus, If more than one given and one is wrong = 0 [3] (ii) oktas/eighths, [1] www.theallpapers.com

Page 5 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2010 0460 21 © UCLES 2010 5 River meander, river cliff, slip-off slope, (almost) bankfull/full, visible erosion on right/outer bank, (almost) constant width, Relief flood plain, flat/gentle, some embankments, valley sides, steep slopes located, steeper = 0 terrace on right, Vegetation grass/trees, no leaves, bushes/scrub located, Reserve one mark for each section [8] Allow transfer between sections 6 (a) pie graph, recognisable sketch of pie graph with one correct label, [2] (b) line graph, recognisable sketch of line graph with one correct label, [2] (c) scatter graph, recognisable sketch of scatter graph with one correct label, (if a best fit line is shown it should not join the points) [2] (d) radial graph, recognisable sketch of radial graph with one correct label, [2] In each part, mark the two points independently. www.theallpapers.com