Cambridge IGCSE Science - Combined 0653 — 2016 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 1

This document consists of 20 printed pages. DC (LEG/SW) 122365/5 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education * 8 7 0 0 7 2 6 6 5 7 * COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/21 Paper 2 (Core) October/November 2016 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Electronic calculators may be used. You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a solar-powered pump used to fill a water trough from a well on a farm. Animals in a field on the farm drink from the trough. solar panels electric cable water pipe water trough water pump well electric motor Fig. 1.1 The solar panels use sunlight to generate electricity. The motor uses the electricity to drive the pump. The pump moves water from the well to the water trough. (a) (i) Complete the sequence of energy transformations that takes place as the water pipe is filled when the pump is switched on. from … energy electrical to … energy to … energy potential to … energy [2] (ii) The pipe from the pump to the trough is 900 cm long. When the pump starts, it takes 12 s for the water to move from the well to the trough. Calculate the average speed of the water through the pipe. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working speed = … cm / s [2]

3 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (iii) The area of the cross-section of the pipe is 10 cm2. Use your answer to (ii) to calculate the volume of water in cubic centimetres flowing into the trough in one minute. State any formula you use and show your working. formula working volume in one minute = … cm3 [3] (b) The solar panel works well on farms with a lot of sunshine. But farms with less sunshine need a different energy resource to power a water pump in a field. Suggest a different renewable energy resource the farmer can use to generate the electricity for the pump. Describe how this resource would be used. … … … …[2]

4 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 2 (a) Fig. 2.1 shows the structure of an atom of sodium. … neutron … … Fig. 2.1 (i) Complete the labels for the atom of sodium in Fig. 2.1. [2] (ii) State the nucleon number for this atom of sodium. … [1] (b) The word equation for the reaction between sodium and oxygen is sodium + oxygen sodium oxide (i) In this reaction sodium atoms become sodium ions, Na+. Describe, in terms of electrons, how a sodium atom becomes a sodium ion. … … …[2] (ii) State the type of chemical reaction in which sodium gains oxygen. …[1] (iii) In this reaction the temperature of the sodium rises. State the type of reaction that causes a temperature rise. …[1] (iv) Sodium oxide contains two sodium ions for each oxide ion. Deduce the formula of sodium oxide. … [1]

5 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (c) In Group I of the Periodic Table, potassium is below sodium. (i) State the trend in the reactivities of the metals down Group I. …[1] (ii) State the trend in the melting points of the metals down Group I. …[1]

6 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 3 Some cress seeds are placed on damp cotton wool in a dish. They are left to germinate in a light-proof box for a few days. damp cotton wool cress seed light-proof box at the start after a few days Fig. 3.1 (a) (i) State two environmental conditions, not already mentioned, that are required for the germination of seeds. 1. … 2. … [2] (ii) Fig. 3.1 shows that the seedlings grow directly upwards. Name this response. …[1] (b) The dish of seedlings is removed from the box and lit from one side. Fig. 3.2 shows what happens. seedlings immediately after removal light seedlings after a few hours light Fig. 3.2 Describe the advantage to the seedlings of the response shown in Fig. 3.2. … … … …[2]

7 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (c) A student takes three similar pieces of celery and removes the leaves from one of them. He then places the celery in separate beakers of red-coloured water. He places beakers A and B outdoors. He keeps beaker C indoors as shown in Fig. 3.3. leaf stalk red-coloured water beaker A outdoors beaker B outdoors beaker C indoors leaf stalk red-coloured water stalk red-coloured water Fig. 3.3 He examines them after two hours. His observations are shown in Table 3.1. Table 3.1 beaker observation A the leaves turn red B the coloured water does not enter the stalk C the coloured water reaches half-way up the stalk (i) Name the tissue through which the red-coloured water travels to reach the leaves of the celery in beaker A. …[1] (ii) Suggest why the coloured water does not move in the celery in beaker B. … … … …[2] (iii) Describe two ways in which the environmental conditions could be different for beaker C compared with A, which could explain the difference in the results. 1. … 2. … [2]

8 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 4 Fig. 4.1 shows a water trough full of water left in a field on a hot day. In the evening the farmer sees that the level of water in the trough has gone down, as shown in Fig. 4.2. There are no animals in the field. water trough Fig. 4.1 Fig. 4.2 (a) (i) Name the process that causes the level of water in the trough to go down. …[1] (ii) The thermal energy needed for this process comes from the Sun as electromagnetic radiation. State the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is transformed to thermal energy in this process. …[1] (iii) Explain in terms of the energy and movement of water molecules why the level of water goes down in the trough on a hot day. … … … … …[2]

9 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (iv) Fig. 4.3 below shows a close-up of the surface of the water in the trough. In the box on the diagram, draw the arrangement of water molecules below the surface of the water. Some molecules have been drawn for you, above and below the surface. You should draw a total of at least 10 more molecules to show the arrangement below the surface. water level Fig. 4.3 [2] (b) Fig. 4.4 shows the farmer looking at an image of the evening Sun reflected in the water surface. farmer’s eye water Sun Fig. 4.4 On Fig. 4.4, draw a ray diagram using one ray to show how the farmer is able to see the image of the Sun reflected in the water. [2]

10 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 (c) Fig. 4.5 shows the farmer looking at a stick lying in the water trough. water stick Fig. 4.5 The farmer says that the stick looks bent where it goes into the water. (i) On Fig. 4.5 complete the second ray on the ray diagram to reach the eye. [1] (ii) Extend the rays and draw the image of the end of the stick as seen by the farmer. [1] (d) The farmer speaks to someone on his mobile phone (cell phone). State the type of electromagnetic radiation used by the mobile phone to communicate with another mobile phone. …[1]

11 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 5 (a) Fig. 5.1 shows how petroleum is separated into useful products. … … … kerosene useful product fuel oil bitumen hot petroleum Fig. 5.1 (i) State the name of this process. …[1] (ii) Complete Fig. 5.1 by writing the labels for gas oil, gasoline and refinery gas. [2]

12 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 (iii) Some products obtained from petroleum are used as fuels. Fig. 5.2 shows some uses and products. Complete Fig. 5.2 by drawing three more straight lines to link the products to their use as fuels. Each product may be used once, more than once, or not at all. fuel product cooking diesel engines heating petrol engines gasoline refinery gas gas oil Fig. 5.2 [3] (b) (i) Complete the diagram to show the structure of ethene. H H H H C C [1] (ii) When ethene burns, it produces a gas that turns limewater milky. Name this gas. …[1] (iii) Water is also produced when ethene burns. Describe a chemical test for water and state the result. test … result … [2]

13 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 6 (a) Table 6.1 shows some of the substances present in milk. Table 6.1 substance mass / g per 100 cm3 of milk protein 3.4 fat 3.6 carbohydrate 4.7 calcium (mineral salt) 0.1 fibre none (i) A balanced diet contains five nutrient groups, as well as fibre and water. Name the nutrient group, present in milk, which is not listed in Table 6.1. … Describe the importance of including this nutrient group in a balanced diet. … … … [2] (ii) State the process by which energy is released in the body. …[1] (iii) List the substances in milk from Table 6.1 that can release energy in the body. …[2] (iv) There is no fibre contained in the milk. Suggest one food that would provide fibre. …[1]

14 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 (b) Large numbers of cows are bred by farmers to produce milk. Use the following words or phrases to complete the sentences about the effects on the environment caused by people keeping cows. You may use each word or phrase once, more than once, or not at all. noble greenhouse digestive disease global warming methane oxygen respiratory sulfur dioxide The … systems of cows release … into the air. This is a … gas which can contribute to … . [4]

15 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 7 Fig. 7.1 shows a circuit diagram for a solar-powered electric motor. M solar cell electric motor Fig. 7.1 (a) Use words or phrases from the list to fill in the missing words in the sentences below. Each word or phrase may be used once, more than once or not at all. decreases electrons increases neutrons protons stays the same The current is a flow of … in the wires of the circuit. The size of the current … around the circuit. [2] (b) (i) Name the component which has the symbol …[1] (ii) Describe how this component controls the speed at which the motor turns. … … … …[2] (iii) On Fig. 7.1 draw the symbol for a voltmeter correctly connected to measure the p.d. across the motor. [1]

16 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 8 (a) The Periodic Table lists all of the elements. Complete the following sentences about the Periodic Table by using words from the list below. Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all. high low mass metallic negative non-metallic nucleon positive proton Elements are arranged in the Periodic Table in order of … number. The … elements are on the left-hand side of the Periodic Table and the … elements are on the right-hand side of the Periodic Table. The transition elements, which have … densities and … melting points, are found in the middle of the Periodic Table. [3]

17 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (b) (i) Three beakers, A, B and C, are shown in Fig. 8.1. Each beaker contains pieces of a different metal. The three metals are calcium, iron and magnesium. A student tests the metals in each beaker. Her results are shown next to each beaker. Complete Fig. 8.1 by writing the correct name of the metal in each beaker. beaker A no visible reaction with water a few bubbles of gas with dilute hydrochloric acid name of metal … beaker B rapid fizzing in water violent reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid name of metal … beaker C slow fizzing in water lots of bubbles of gas with dilute hydrochloric acid name of metal … Fig. 8.1 [2] (ii) When magnesium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid, magnesium chloride is formed. Suggest one other substance that reacts with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride. …[1]

18 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 (c) A solution of a copper compound is electrolysed, as shown in Fig. 8.2. – + low voltage d.c. supply solution of a copper compound Fig. 8.2 A gas is produced at the anode. It turns damp blue litmus paper red and then white. Name the gas. …[1]

19 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 9 Fig. 9.1 shows the reproductive system of a female. Fig. 9.1 (a) On Fig. 9.1 label with the correct names 1. a place where haploid cells are found, 2. a place where fertilisation may take place. [2] (b) (i) After fertilisation the zygote develops into a ball of cells. Describe in detail where the ball of cells continues its development. … … …[2] (ii) Explain why the place you described in (b)(i) is a good environment for this ball of cells to develop. … …[1] (c) Describe two ways in which HIV can be transmitted. 1. … … 2. … …[2]

20 0653/21/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 Group The Periodic Table of Elements 1 H hydrogen 1 2 He helium 4 I II III IV V VI VII VIII 3 Li lithium 7 4 Be beryllium 9 atomic number atomic symbol Key name relative atomic mass 11 Na sodium 23 12 Mg magnesium 24 19 K potassium 39 20 Ca calcium 40 37 Rb rubidium 85 38 Sr strontium 88 55 Cs caesium 133 56 Ba barium 137 87 Fr francium – 88 Ra radium – 5 B boron 11 13 Al aluminium 27 31 Ga gallium 70 49 In indium 115 81 Tl thallium 204 6 C carbon 12 14 Si silicon 28 32 Ge germanium 73 50 Sn tin 119 82 Pb lead 207 22 Ti titanium 48 40 Zr zirconium 91 72 Hf hafnium 178 104 Rf rutherfordium – 23 V vanadium 51 41 Nb niobium 93 73 Ta tantalum 181 105 Db dubnium – 24 Cr chromium 52 42 Mo molybdenum 96 74 W tungsten 184 106 Sg seaborgium – 25 Mn manganese 55 43 Tc technetium – 75 Re rhenium 186 107 Bh bohrium – 26 Fe iron 56 44 Ru ruthenium 101 76 Os osmium 190 108 Hs hassium – 27 Co cobalt 59 45 Rh rhodium 103 77 Ir iridium 192 109 Mt meitnerium – 28 Ni nickel 59 46 Pd palladium 106 78 Pt platinum 195 110 Ds darmstadtium – 29 Cu copper 64 47 Ag silver 108 79 Au gold 197 111 Rg roentgenium – 30 Zn zinc 65 48 Cd cadmium 112 80 Hg mercury 201 112 Cn copernicium – 114 Fl flerovium – 116 Lv livermorium – 7 N nitrogen 14 15 P phosphorus 31 33 As arsenic 75 51 Sb antimony 122 83 Bi bismuth 209 8 O oxygen 16 16 S sulfur 32 34 Se selenium 79 52 Te tellurium 128 84 Po polonium – 9 F fluorine 19 17 Cl chlorine 35.5 35 Br bromine 80 53 I iodine 127 85 At astatine – 10 Ne neon 20 18 Ar argon 40 36 Kr krypton 84 54 Xe xenon 131 86 Rn radon – 21 Sc scandium 45 39 Y yttrium 89 57–71 lanthanoids 89–103 actinoids 57 La lanthanum 139 89 Ac lanthanoids actinoids The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.) actinium – 58 Ce cerium 140 90 Th thorium 232 59 Pr praseodymium 141 91 Pa protactinium 231 60 Nd neodymium 144 92 U uranium 238 61 Pm promethium – 93 Np neptunium – 62 Sm samarium 150 94 Pu plutonium – 63 Eu europium 152 95 Am americium – 64 Gd gadolinium 157 96 Cm curium – 65 Tb terbium 159 97 Bk berkelium – 66 Dy dysprosium 163 98 Cf californium – 67 Ho holmium 165 99 Es einsteinium – 68 Er erbium 167 100 Fm fermium – 69 Tm thulium 169 101 Md mendelevium – 70 Yb ytterbium 173 102 No nobelium – 71 Lu lutetium 175 103 Lr lawrencium – To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series.

® IGCSE is the registered trademark of Cambridge International Examinations. This document consists of 6 printed pages. © UCLES 2016 [Turn over Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/21 Paper 2 Core Theory October/November 2016 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 80 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2016 series for most Cambridge IGCSE®, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2016 0653 21 © UCLES 2016 1 (a) (i) light / radiation (energy) ; kinetic (energy) ; [2] (ii) (average) speed = distance / time OR 900 / 12 ; 75 (cm / s) ; [2] (iii) any two from: volume/s = cross-sectional area × speed / volume = length × cross-sectional area ; 75 × 10 ; × 60 (s) seen ; and 45 000 cm3 ; [3] (b) wind energy / hydro-power / AVA ; use to turn a turbine (wind or water); [2] 2 (a) (i) electron ; proton ; [2] (ii) 23 ; [1] (b) (i) electron loss ; one (electron lost) ; [2] (ii) oxidation [1] (iii) exothermic [1] (iv) Na2O ; [1] (c) (i) increases ; [1] (ii) decreases ; [1]

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2016 0653 21 © UCLES 2016 3 (a) (i) oxygen ; suitable temperature ; [2] (ii) geotropism ; [1] (b) seedlings get maximum amount of / more light ; for photosynthesis ; [2] (c) (i) xylem ; [1] (ii) no leaves present ; therefore no transpiration ; [2] (iii) any two from: more humid ; lower temperature ; darker ; [2] 4 (a) (i) evaporation ; [1] (ii) infra-red ; [1] (iii) (thermal energy from Sun) causes water molecules to move faster / gain more kinetic energy ; (more) molecules moving fast enough / have enough energy to escape (surface) ; [2] (iv) 10+ more molecules drawn touching below water level ; in random arrangement ; [2] (b) ray from Sun reflected at surface to eye ; angles of incidence and reflection look equal (by eye) and (at least) one arrow ; [2]

5 Page 4 (c) (i) (ii) (d) mic 5 (a) (i) (ii) (iii) Ca Second di rays to ey crowaves ; fractional refinery g gasoline / (kerosine) gas oil / (o (fuel oil) (bitumen) ; ; three corre 1 mark for ambridge I iverging ray e projected distillation ; gas / (bottle / (petrol) ) oil) ect is 2 mar r each corre Mark Sc GCSE – Oc © y refracted t back and c d gas) rks, one or t ect ;;; cheme ctober/Nov © UCLES 201 to eye ; converge an two correct vember 201 16 nd image dr is 1 mark 6 rawn ; Syllabus 0653 s Paper 21 [ [ [ [ [2 [3 1] 1] 1] 1] 2] 3]

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2016 0653 21 © UCLES 2016 (b) (i) C=C double bond and all four C–H bonds correct ; [1] (ii) carbon dioxide / CO2 ; [1] (iii) test: cobalt chloride (paper) ; result: (blue to) pink ; or test: copper sulfate ; result: (white / anhydrous to) blue ; [2] 6 (a) (i) vitamins / named vitamin ; prevent diseases / named disease / role of named vitamin ; [2] (ii) respiration; [1] (iii) carbohydrates, fat and protein ;; all correct is 2 marks, two correct is 1 mark [2] (iv) fruit / vegetables / correctly named fruit or vegetable ; [1] (b) digestive ; methane ; greenhouse ; global warming ; [4] 7 (a) electrons ; stays the same ; [2] (b) (i) variable resistor ; [1] (ii) increase / decrease the resistance ; decreases / increases the speed ; [2] (iii) correct circuit symbol connected across motor only ; [1] 8 (a) proton ; metallic and non-metallic ; high and high ; [3] (b) (i) iron calcium magnesium ;; 3 correct is 2 marks, 2 correct is 1 mark [2] (ii) magnesium oxide / magnesium carbonate / magnesium hydrogen carbonate / magnesium hydroxide / magnesium sulfide or correct formula ; [1]

Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2016 0653 21 © UCLES 2016 (c) chlorine / Cl2 ; [1] 9 (a) ovary correctly labelled ; oviduct correctly labelled ; [2] (b) (i) attaches to the wall ; of the uterus ; [2] (ii) rich blood supply / good source of nutrients / suitable temperature ; [1] (c) Any two from sexual intercourse sharing needles blood transfusions (from mother to baby) at birth (from mother to baby) during breast feeding avp ;; [2]