Cambridge IGCSE Science - Combined 0653 — 2014 May/June Paper 2 · Variant 1

This document consists of 24 printed pages. IB14 06_0653_21/4RP © UCLES 2014 [Turn over *9735649846* Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/21 Paper 2 (Core) May/June 2014 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Electronic calculators may be used. You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 24. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows an experiment to compare how three metals react with dilute hydrochloric acid. magnesium copper X magnesium gas G gas G Fig. 1.1 In two of the test-tubes, bubbles of a gas G are produced. Gas G is an element. (i) State the name of gas G. [1] (ii) Describe a test for gas G. test result [2] (iii) List the four elements X, copper, magnesium and G in order of reactivity. most reactive least reactive [2] (iv) Suggest the identity of metal X. [1]

3 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over (b) Fig. 1.2 shows how a teacher could use a Bunsen burner to heat a mixture of carbon and copper oxide until it starts to glow. mixture of carbon and copper oxide Fig. 1.2 The mixture glows even more brightly for some time after the burner is removed. Carbon has reduced copper oxide to copper. (i) State what is meant by the term reduced. [1] (ii) Name the other product that is formed in this reaction. [1] (c) Lead can be produced from molten lead bromide using electrolysis, as shown in Fig. 1.3. power supply carbon electrodes molten lead bromide + – Fig. 1.3 (i) Mark, with the letter P and a label line, the position on the diagram where lead first appears after the circuit is connected. [1] (ii) Name the other element that is formed during the electrolysis. [1]

4 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 2 Fig. 2.1 shows a food web of the organisms in a woodland containing oak trees. oak trees squirrels beetles rabbits greenfly frogs hawks blackbirds foxes Fig. 2.1 (a) State the source of energy for this food web. [1] (b) From the food web, name (i) one producer, [1] (ii) one herbivore. [1] (c) The food web is a network of interconnected food chains. One food chain in Fig. 2.1 with three stages is shown. oak tree rabbit hawk Write down a food chain from Fig. 2.1 which has four stages. [2]

5 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over (d) The oak trees are cut down. Suggest two possible effects this could have on the organisms in the food web. 1 2 [2] (e) Describe how the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may change as the result of the oak trees being cleared from the woodland. Explain why this happens. [2]

6 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 3 Fig. 3.1 shows a small torch (flashlight). The torch contains cells (batteries), a lamp and a switch. Fig. 3.1 (a) Draw a circuit diagram for the torch using standard circuit symbols. [2] (b) Fig. 3.2 shows a cell and lamp taken from the torch. 1.5 V Magicell 3.0 V 1.2 A Fig. 3.2 (i) State how many cells are needed to light up this lamp. Give a reason for your answer. number of cells needed reason [1] (ii) State what is meant by the quantity 1.2 A on the lamp. [1]

7 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over (c) After a long time in use with the same cells, the torch lamp becomes less bright. A student says that this is because the cell is running out of energy. Draw a circuit, including an ammeter and a voltmeter, that could be used to test this. [2]

8 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 4 (a) Petroleum (crude oil) is a fossil fuel consisting of a mixture of different hydrocarbons. Fig. 4.1 shows the industrial apparatus used to separate useful products from petroleum. tower refinery gases naphtha bitumen petroleum vapour in Fig. 4.1 Petroleum is vaporised and passed up a tower. Useful products from petroleum condense at different positions in the tower. (i) State the name of the process shown in Fig. 4.1. [1] (ii) Different products from this process have different boiling point ranges. State how the boiling point of a product affects the position in the tower where a product will condense. [1] (iii) Three of the useful products obtained from petroleum are shown in Fig. 4.1. State the name of another useful product that is separated from petroleum. State one use of this product. name of product use [2]

9 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over (b) Table 4.1 contains some information about gases in the Earth’s atmosphere. Table 4.1 gases in the Earth’s atmosphere percentage carbon dioxide very small nitrogen oxygen other gases about 1% water vapour variable Complete Table 4.1 to show the percentages of nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere. [2] (c) Natural gas is a fossil fuel consisting mostly of methane. It is used as a fuel to heat a greenhouse for growing vegetables. (i) Describe the changes to the atmosphere in a greenhouse that will occur. [2] (ii) Burning methane is an exothermic chemical change. State the meaning of exothermic, chemical change. [2]

10 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 5 (a) A boy looks at himself in a mirror and waves his hand. Fig. 5.1 shows what he sees in the mirror. Fig. 5.1 Which hand is he waving? Explain your answer. [1] (b) The boy uses headphones to listen to the radio. (i) State the useful energy transformation that occurs in his headphones. from energy to energy [1] (ii) The radio emits sounds with frequencies between 100 Hz and 10 000 Hz. Explain why the boy is able to hear all the sounds emitted through the headphones. The boy has normal hearing. [1]

11 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over (c) The boy swims in an outdoor swimming pool. He swims one length of the 25 metre long pool in 40 seconds. (i) Calculate his speed. State the formula you use, show your working and state the units of your answer. formula working speed = units [3] (ii) Fig. 5.2 shows two forces, the driving force and the frictional force, acting on the boy as he swims. frictional force driving force Fig. 5.2 The boy exerts a driving force of 100 N and swims at a constant speed. Deduce the value of the frictional force and explain your reasoning. The frictional force is N because [1]

12 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 Fig. 5.3 shows waves created by a wind blowing at constant speed across the water in the pool. P R Q wind direction Fig. 5.3 (iii) On Fig. 5.3, mark clearly and label one complete wavelength of the wave motion between P and Q. [1] (iv) As the water in the pool gets shallower between Q and R, the wavelength becomes shorter. Use Fig. 5.3 to state one property of the wave motion that increases between Q and R. [1] (d) The boy switches on a television set using a remote control. Fig. 5.4 shows some of the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. In the correct blank box on Fig. 5.4, write the name of the part of the spectrum used by the remote control. X-rays visible light microwaves Fig. 5.4 [2]

13 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over Please turn over for Question 6.

14 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 6 Fig. 6.1 shows part of the human life cycle. The cells are not drawn to scale. sperm cell sperm cell egg cell zygote ball of cells A Fig. 6.1 (a) From Fig. 6.1 (i) name a diploid cell, [1] (ii) State the term to describe what happens at A. [1] (b) Cell division of the zygote produces a ball of cells. Describe in detail where in the female reproductive system this ball of cells is positioned for the next stage of development. [2]

15 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over (c) Table 6.1 summarises some of the nutrients contained in 100 g of milk. Table 6.1 nutrient mass in milk sample protein 1.2 g fat 3.8 g carbohydrate 7.6 g vitamin C 3.9 mg calcium 33.0 mg Name one vitamin, present in milk but not included in Table 6.1, which is essential for healthy growth of the baby and describe the function of this vitamin in the body. vitamin function [2] (d) Energy is released from milk by respiration. 1 g of fat releases 37 kJ of energy. Use the information about milk in Table 6.1 to calculate how much energy can be released from the fat in the 100 g sample of milk. Show your working. energy = kJ [2]

16 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 7 (a) Table 7.1 shows some of the properties of the halogens in Group VII of the Periodic Table. Table 7.1 period halogen colour physical state at room temperature 3 chlorine pale yellow-green gas 4 bromine dark red-brown liquid 5 iodine blue-black solid Describe one trend in the physical properties of chlorine, bromine and iodine. [1] (b) (i) A dilute solution of chlorine is added to a colourless solution of potassium bromide. Describe what is seen. [1] (ii) Write a word equation for this reaction. + + [2] (c) Fig. 7.1 shows the arrangement of the outer electrons of the atoms in a chlorine molecule, Cl2. Cl Cl Fig. 7.1 State the name of this type of bonding. [1]

17 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over (d) Chlorine is used in the purification of the public water supply. Explain why chlorine is added to water supplied to homes. [2]

18 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 8 Fig. 8.1 shows a simple type of air conditioner called a ‘swamp cooler’ that is used in buildings in dry desert places. cool, damp air out hot, dry air in Fig. 8.1 Hot dry air is blown by a fan over the surface of water in a metal container. The hot dry air evaporates some of the water. The air coming out of the swamp cooler is cool and damp. (a) The boxes in Fig. 8.2 show different ways in which atoms and molecules may be arranged in different situations. Three materials found in the swamp cooler are air, metal and water. Draw lines from the materials in the left column to the correct arrangement of atoms or molecules for each material in the right column. One has been done for you. air water metal Fig. 8.2 [2]

19 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over (b) (i) Explain, referring to molecules of water, why evaporation of water cools the remaining water. [2] (ii) Describe how the water cools the hot air. [1] (c) In buildings in hot desert countries, where days are hot and nights can be very cold, windows with steel frames are often used. Fig. 8.3 shows how a space is left between the steel frame and the mudbricks of the surrounding wall. space between frame and surrounding mudbrick Fig. 8.3 Explain why it is necessary to leave this space between the window frame and the mudbricks. [1]

20 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 (d) A mudbrick is 30 cm long, 15 cm wide and 10 cm thick, and has a mass of 7 500 g. (i) Calculate the volume of the mudbrick in cubic centimetres. cm3 [1] (ii) Calculate the density of the mudbrick in g / cm3. State the formula that you use and show your working. formula: working density = g / cm3 [2]

21 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 [Turn over Please turn over for Question 9.

22 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 9 (a) Table 9.1 shows diagrams of two blood cells. Complete Table 9.1 to show the names and functions of these cells. [4] Table 9.1 diagram function of cell name of cell (b) Fig. 9.1 is a flowchart to show the circulation of blood in the body. heart lungs body tissues heart direction of blood flow blood vessel Q blood vessel P Fig. 9.1 Complete the paragraph using words or phrases from the list. You may use each word or phrase once, more than once, or not at all. aorta body left lungs pulmonary artery pulmonary vein right valves Blood leaves the ventricle of the heart to go through blood vessel P, which is the . It then goes to the lungs. There are in the heart to make sure there is a one-way flow of blood. [3]

23 © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 (c) The composition of blood changes as it flows through the tissues of the small intestine. State (i) one substance that leaves the blood as it flows through the tissues of the small intestine, [1] (ii) two substances that enter the blood as it flows through the tissues of the small intestine. [2]

24 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © UCLES 2014 0653/21/M/J/14 Group 140 Ce Cerium 58 141 Pr Praseodymium 59 144 Nd Neodymium 60 Pm Promethium 61 150 Sm Samarium 62 152 Eu Europium 63 157 Gd Gadolinium 64 159 Tb Terbium 65 162 Dy Dysprosium 66 165 Ho Holmium 67 167 Er Erbium 68 169 Tm Thulium 69 173 Yb Ytterbium 70 175 Lu Lutetium 71 232 Th Thorium 90 Pa Protactinium 91 238 U Uranium 92 Np Neptunium 93 Pu Plutonium 94 Am Americium 95 Cm Curium 96 Bk Berkelium 97 Cf Californium 98 Es Einsteinium 99 Fm Fermium 100 Md Mendelevium 101 No Nobelium 102 Lr Lawrencium 103 1 H Hydrogen 1 7 Li Lithium 3 23 Na Sodium 11 24 Mg Magnesium 12 40 Ca Calcium 20 45 Sc Scandium 21 48 Ti Titanium 22 51 V Vanadium 23 52 Cr Chromium 24 55 Mn Manganese 25 56 Fe Iron 26 59 Co Cobalt 27 59 Ni Nickel 28 64 Cu Copper 29 65 Zn Zinc 30 70 Ga Gallium 31 27 Al Aluminium 13 11 B Boron 5 12 C Carbon 6 14 N Nitrogen 7 16 O Oxygen 8 19 F Fluorine 9 28 Si Silicon 14 31 P Phosphorus 15 32 S Sulfur 16 35.5 Cl Chlorine 17 40 Ar Argon 18 20 Ne Neon 10 4 He Helium 2 73 Ge Germanium 32 75 As Arsenic 33 79 Se Selenium 34 80 Br Bromine 35 84 Kr Krypton 36 39 K Potassium 19 88 Sr Strontium 38 89 Y Yttrium 39 91 Zr Zirconium 40 93 Nb Niobium 41 96 Mo Molybdenum 42 Tc Technetium 43 101 Ru Ruthenium 44 103 Rh Rhodium 45 106 Pd Palladium 46 108 Ag Silver 47 112 Cd Cadmium 48 115 In Indium 49 119 Sn Tin 50 122 Sb Antimony 51 128 Te Tellurium 52 127 I Iodine 53 131 Xe Xenon 54 137 Ba Barium 56 139 La Lanthanum 57 * 178 Hf Hafnium 72 181 Ta Tantalum 73 184 W Tungsten 74 186 Re Rhenium 75 190 Os Osmium 76 192 Ir Iridium 77 195 Pt Platinum 78 197 Au Gold 79 201 Hg Mercury 80 204 Tl Thallium 81 207 Pb Lead 82 209 Bi Bismuth 83 Po Polonium 84 At Astatine 85 Rn Radon 86 Fr Francium 87 227 Ac Actinium 89 9 Be Beryllium 4 I II III IV V VI VII 0 85 Rb Rubidium 37 133 Cs Caesium 55 226 Ra Radium 88 The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.). a X b a = relative atomic mass X = atomic symbol b = proton (atomic) number Key *58-71 Lanthanoid series 90-103 Actinoid series DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements

CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2014 series 0653 COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/21 Paper 2 (Core Theory), maximum raw mark 80 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2014 series for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components.

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2014 0653 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 (a) (i) hydrogen ; [1] (ii) flame ; pops ; [2] (ecf for (a) (ii)) (iii) magnesium X copper ; (i.e. X below magnesium and above copper) magnesium X G copper ; (i.e. G below magnesium and X in any order, and above copper) [2] (iv) zinc / iron / A other metals with electronegativity between that of magnesium and iron ; [1] (b) (i) removal / loss of oxygen ; gain of electrons ; [max 1] (ii) carbon dioxide ; [1] (c) (i) P at or near negative electrode within electrolyte ; [1] (ii) bromine ; [1] [Total 10]

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2014 0653 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 2 (a) Sun ; [1] (b) (i) oak tree ; [1] (ii) beetles / greenfly / rabbits / squirrels ; [1] (c) oak tree beetles blackbirds hawks ;; or oak tree greenfly frogs hawks ;; (1 mark correct sequence of organisms, 1 mark correct arrows) [2] (d) their numbers may decrease ; food supplies may become scarce ; [2] (e) (concentration) increases ; because less (carbon dioxide taken in for) photosynthesis ; [2] [Total 9]

Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2014 0653 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 3 (a) symbols all correct ; circuit connected correctly ; (either one or two cells used) [2] (b) (i) (2) lamp needs (p.d. of) 3V (to light), so needs 2 × 1.5=3V cells (owtte) ; [1] (ii) lamp takes current of 1.2A when lit (owtte) ; [1] (c) voltmeter connected correctly ; ammeter connected correctly ; [2] [Total 6] A V

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2014 0653 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 4 (a) (i) fractional distillation / fractionation ; [1] (ii) the lower the boiling point, the higher up the tower it is released / condenses ; [1] (iii) gasoline (petrol) / diesel / fuel oil / A kerosene ; used as fuel for transport / heating ; [2] (b) nitrogen: 78% ; oxygen: 21% ; [2] (c) (i) increase in water (vapour) ; increase in carbon dioxide ; decrease in oxygen ; temperature increases ; [max 2] (ii) heat energy released / temperature increases ; new substance(s) are formed ; [2] [Total 10]

Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2014 0653 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 5 (a) (right hand) no mark image laterally inverted (owtte) ; [1] (b) (i) electrical (energy) → sound (energy) [1] (ii) (frequencies lie) within human range 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz / (frequencies) are above 20 Hz and lower than 20 000 Hz ; [1] (c) (i) speed = distance / time ; speed = 25 / 40 = 0.625 / 0.63 ; metres / second / m / s ; [3] (ii) (100 N) (forces) are equal ; [1] (iii) one complete wavelength correctly marked and labelled ; [1] (iv) amplitude / frequency ; [1] (d) X- rays visible light infra- red microwaves correct name ; correct box ; [2] [Total 11]

Page 7 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2014 0653 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 6 (a) (i) zygote / one of the ball of cells ; [1] (ii) fertilization ; [1] (b) to uterus / womb ; (implants / embeds) in wall / lining of uterus ; [2] (c) (i) vitamin D A A / B / E / K ; correct use of named vitamin ; [2] (d) 3.8 × 37 ; = 140.6 / 141 ; [2] [Total 8] 7 (a) darker in colour / gas to solid / increasing, mp / bp / density, down the group ; (must state trend and direction) [1] (b) (i) yellow / orange colouration ; [1] (ii) chlorine + potassium bromide → potassium chloride + bromine LHS ; RHS ; [2] (c) covalent ; [1] (d) makes water safe for consumption ; kills bacteria ; [2] [Total 7]

Page 8 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2014 0653 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 8 (a) [2] (b) (i) more energetic water molecules escape into air ; remaining water has less (thermal) energy (so cooler) (owtte) ; [2] (ii) cooler water takes heat from air / water takes heat from warmer air ; [1] (c) allow space for (thermal) expansion ; [1] (d) (i) 30 × 15 × 10 = 4500 (cm3) ; [1] (ii) (density =) mass / volume / (d =) m / V ; d = 7500 / 4500 = 1.7 / 1.67 (g / cm3) ; (ecf) [2] [Total 9] air water metal

Page 9 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2014 0653 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 9 (a) [4] (b) right ; pulmonary artery ; valves ; [3] (c) (i) oxygen ; [1] (ii) glucose / sugar / amino acids / (any named) vitamin / (named) mineral / water / carbon dioxide ;; [2] [Total: 10] diagram function of cell name of cell red blood cell white blood cell transport of oxygen; defence against disease / phagocytosis;