Cambridge IGCSE Science - Combined 0653 — 2013 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 2

This document consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page. IB13 11_0653_22/4RP © UCLES 2013 [Turn over *5250328429* UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/22 Paper 2 (Core) October/November 2013 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Electronic calculators may be used. You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. www.XtremePapers.com

2 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 For Examiner's Use 1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows apparatus that can be used to test the electrical conductivity of the materials contained in the beakers Q, R and S. + – powdered sulfur copper chloride solution iron S R Q A low voltage d.c. supply positive electrode negative electrode Fig. 1.1 (i) The contents of beakers Q and S are tested for electrical conductivity by lowering the electrodes into the beakers. Predict and explain the results. beaker Q prediction explanation beaker S prediction explanation [3]

3 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (ii) When the electrodes are lowered into the solution in beaker R, the following observations are made. • Bubbles of gas form on the surface of the positive electrode. • A layer of an orange solid appears on the surface of the negative electrode. Name the gas that forms and the substance in the orange layer. gas orange layer [2] (iii) State the name of the process described in (ii). [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows names and molecular structure diagrams of some compounds containing carbon. Draw straight lines to match the structures with names. One line has been drawn as an example. C H H C H H C H H H H C H H C H H H C H H H H C H H C H H H ethane ethene methane propane Fig. 1.2 [2]

4 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 For Examiner's Use (c) Fig. 1.3 shows the structure of one molecule of a type of compound called a CFC (chlorofluorocarbon). C Cl Cl F F Fig. 1.3 (i) State the chemical formula of the molecule whose structure is shown in Fig. 1.3. [1] (ii) Explain whether or not the molecule in Fig. 1.3 is an example of a hydrocarbon. [1]

5 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 2 (a) Use the words or phrases below to complete the sentences. amplitudes frequencies slows down speed speeds up Each word or phrase can be used once, more than once, or not at all. (i) Light when it travels from air to glass. (ii) In the electromagnetic spectrum, the waves are arranged in order of . (iii) 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz is the approximate human range of audible . (iv) The of sound waves determines the loudness of the sounds. [4] (b) Fig. 2.1 shows a demonstration of sound transmission using a bell jar. air to vacuum pump 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Fig. 2.1 As the air is removed from the bell jar, the ringing sound from inside the bell jar gets quieter. When all the air has been removed, the bell cannot be heard. Explain these observations. [3]

6 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 For Examiner's Use 3 (a) Fig. 3.1 shows cross-sections of a root and a stem. stem root xylem phloem Fig. 3.1 (i) On Fig. 3.1, use label lines to indicate the positions of the xylem and phloem on the diagram of the stem. [2] (ii) Describe the functions of xylem and phloem. xylem phloem [4]

7 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) The roots of most plants have root hairs near their tips. Researchers grew two types of plants, A and B, in soil with different concentrations of phosphate ions. They measured the mean number of root hairs in a small area of the roots, and also the mean length of the root hairs. Table 3.1 shows their results. Table 3.1 type of plant phosphate concentration mean number of root hairs per unit area mean length of root hairs / micrometres low 1.26 175 A high 1.70 149 low 1.41 225 B high 1.85 52 (i) Describe two ways in which the addition of phosphate ions to the soil affects the root hairs in type A plants. 1 2 [2] (ii) Compare the effect of adding phosphate ions to the soil for type A plants and for type B plants. [2] (iii) Explain why a reduction in the length of its root hairs could reduce the rate of growth of a plant. [3]

8 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 For Examiner's Use 4 Sodium hydrogencarbonate, NaHCO3, is a white solid compound which is soluble in water. (a) A student adds some sodium hydrogencarbonate to a beaker which containes an aqueous solution of full range indicator (Universal Indicator). spatula solution of full range indicator sodium hydrogencarbonate When the sodium hydrogencarbonate dissolves, the solution changes colour from green to blue. (i) State and explain briefly how the pH of the mixture changes when the sodium hydrogencarbonate dissolves. [2] (ii) The student then adds excess dilute hydrochloric acid to the blue solution. Apart from an increase in volume, state two observations that are made when the acid is added. 1 2 [2]

9 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Fig. 4.1 shows apparatus a teacher uses to demonstrate the heating of sodium hydrogencarbonate. limewater u-tube cold water cobalt chloride paper large test-tube sodium hydrogencarbonate NaHCO3 heat Fig. 4.1 The solid is heated strongly for a few minutes. • The cobalt chloride paper changes colour from blue to pink. • A gas bubbles out through the limewater, turning it cloudy. After the reaction, a white solid, sodium carbonate, remains in the large test-tube. (i) Explain how the observations show that both water and carbon dioxide are produced. [2]

10 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 For Examiner's Use (ii) A student places a piece of paper into a solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate. She removes the paper and allows it to dry. She notices that crystals of solid sodium hydrogencarbonate are left on the paper. sodium hydrogencarbonate solution paper dry paper covered in solid sodium hydrogencarbonate The student found that it is now difficult to set fire to the paper. Use the results of the experiment in Fig. 4.1 to suggest why the student finds it difficult to get the paper to burn. [2]

11 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 5 (a) Fig. 5.1 shows a bicycle with two lights A and B at the front. A B Fig. 5.1 Fig. 5.2 shows the circuit used to power the two lights. B A Fig. 5.2 (i) State the name given to this type of circuit arrangement. [1] (ii) To calculate the resistance of light A, the current flowing through it and the voltage across it must be measured. On Fig. 5.2, using the correct symbols, draw an ammeter and a voltmeter correctly connected to make these measurements. [4]

12 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 For Examiner's Use (iii) The resistance of light A in the circuit is 5 Ω and the resistance of light B is 10 Ω. Calculate the combined resistance of the two lights. State the formula that you use and show your working. formula working Ω [2] (b) The bicycle was made from a block of aluminium alloy of mass 9000 g and volume 3000 cm3. Calculate the density of aluminium in g / cm3. State the formula that you use and show your working. formula working g / cm3 [2] (c) The bicycle is ridden by a cyclist. The cyclist is cooled by sweating. Explain, in terms of particles, how sweating cools his body. [1]

13 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 6 Fig. 6.1 shows the male reproductive system. A B C Fig. 6.1 (a) Name the parts labelled A, B and C. A B C [3] (b) An infection may block the tube labelled B. If the tube on the other side is also blocked, the man may be unable to have children. Explain why. [2] (c) HIV / AIDS is a disease that can be passed on by sexual intercourse. (i) What does HIV stand for? [1] (ii) State one way in which a man with HIV / AIDS can avoid passing it to another person. [1]

14 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 For Examiner's Use 7 (a) The elements chlorine, bromine and iodine are found in Group 7 of the Periodic Table. (i) Complete Table 7.1 by writing the physical state (solid, liquid or gas) at room temperature (20 °C) of the elements. Table 7.1 element physical state bromine iodine [1] (ii) Explain why an iodine atom is larger and heavier than a bromine atom. [2] (iii) An aqueous solution containing chlorine is added to a colourless solution of potassium iodide. chlorine solution colourless solution of potassium iodide Describe and explain briefly what is observed in this reaction. observation explanation [2]

15 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Explain why a dilute solution of chlorine is usually added to drinking water before it is supplied to homes. [2] (c) Helium is a gas found in Group 0 of the Periodic Table. Some helium is added to a flask containing chlorine and left for a few days. Predict and explain whether the flask now contains a mixture of the two elements or a compound. [2]

16 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 For Examiner's Use 8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows a car moving along a road. (i) Draw and label arrows on Fig. 8.1 to show the directions of the driving and friction forces acting on the car. [1] Fig. 8.1 (ii) State one source of friction on the moving car. [1] (iii) The driving and friction forces are balanced. Explain what is meant by the phrase forces are balanced. [1] (iv) Describe the movement of the car when these forces are balanced. [1] (v) Apart from the driving and friction forces there are other forces acting on the car. Name one of these forces. [1] (b) (i) The car travels a distance of 400 m down a hill in 25 seconds. Calculate the average speed of the car. State the formula that you use and show your working. formula working m / s [2]

17 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (ii) The car is going faster at the bottom of the hill than it was at the top. State the type of energy which the car has gained. [1] (iii) State the type of energy which the car will have lost as it travels down the hill. [1]

18 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 For Examiner's Use 9 (a) Fig. 9.1 shows a food web in the Antarctic Ocean. microscopic green plants e.g. algae krill blue whale squid dolphin sperm whale killer whale fish penguin Fig. 9.1 (i) State the term used for organisms such as the microscopic green plants that make their own organic nutrients. [1] (ii) Name one organic nutrient that is made by the green plants. [1] (iii) State what is shown by the arrows in the food web. [1] (b) Fishing boats catch large quantities of krill in the Antarctic Ocean. Suggest how this could affect the numbers of the organisms in the food web in Fig. 9.1. [2] (c) There is concern that global warming will damage the environment in the Antarctic Ocean. Name two gases that contribute to global warming. 1 2 [2]

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20 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © UCLES 2013 0653/22/O/N/13 Group 140 Ce Cerium 58 141 Pr Praseodymium 59 144 Nd Neodymium 60 Pm Promethium 61 150 Sm Samarium 62 152 Eu Europium 63 157 Gd Gadolinium 64 159 Tb Terbium 65 162 Dy Dysprosium 66 165 Ho Holmium 67 167 Er Erbium 68 169 Tm Thulium 69 173 Yb Ytterbium 70 175 Lu Lutetium 71 232 Th Thorium 90 Pa Protactinium 91 238 U Uranium 92 Np Neptunium 93 Pu Plutonium 94 Am Americium 95 Cm Curium 96 Bk Berkelium 97 Cf Californium 98 Es Einsteinium 99 Fm Fermium 100 Md Mendelevium 101 No Nobelium 102 Lr Lawrencium 103 1 H Hydrogen 1 7 Li Lithium 3 23 Na Sodium 11 24 Mg Magnesium 12 40 Ca Calcium 20 45 Sc Scandium 21 48 Ti Titanium 22 51 V Vanadium 23 52 Cr Chromium 24 55 Mn Manganese 25 56 Fe Iron 26 59 Co Cobalt 27 59 Ni Nickel 28 64 Cu Copper 29 65 Zn Zinc 30 70 Ga Gallium 31 27 Al Aluminium 13 11 B Boron 5 12 C Carbon 6 14 N Nitrogen 7 16 O Oxygen 8 19 F Fluorine 9 28 Si Silicon 14 31 P Phosphorus 15 32 S Sulfur 16 35.5 Cl Chlorine 17 40 Ar Argon 18 20 Ne Neon 10 4 He Helium 2 73 Ge Germanium 32 75 As Arsenic 33 79 Se Selenium 34 80 Br Bromine 35 84 Kr Krypton 36 39 K Potassium 19 88 Sr Strontium 38 89 Y Yttrium 39 91 Zr Zirconium 40 93 Nb Niobium 41 96 Mo Molybdenum 42 Tc Technetium 43 101 Ru Ruthenium 44 103 Rh Rhodium 45 106 Pd Palladium 46 108 Ag Silver 47 112 Cd Cadmium 48 115 In Indium 49 119 Sn Tin 50 122 Sb Antimony 51 128 Te Tellurium 52 127 I Iodine 53 131 Xe Xenon 54 137 Ba Barium 56 139 La Lanthanum 57 * 178 Hf Hafnium 72 181 Ta Tantalum 73 184 W Tungsten 74 186 Re Rhenium 75 190 Os Osmium 76 192 Ir Iridium 77 195 Pt Platinum 78 197 Au Gold 79 201 Hg Mercury 80 204 Tl Thallium 81 207 Pb Lead 82 209 Bi Bismuth 83 Po Polonium 84 At Astatine 85 Rn Radon 86 Fr Francium 87 227 Ac Actinium 89 9 Be Beryllium 4 I II III IV V VI VII 0 85 Rb Rubidium 37 133 Cs Caesium 55 226 Ra Radium 88 The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.). a X b a = relative atomic mass X = atomic symbol b = proton (atomic) number Key *58-71 Lanthanoid series 90-103 Actinoid series DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements

CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2013 series 0653 COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/22 Paper 2 (Core Theory), maximum raw mark 80 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2013 series for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components. www.XtremePapers.com

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2013 0653 22 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 1 (a) (i) Q conductor and S insulator ; because iron is a metal ; because sulfur is a non-metal ; [3] (ii) chlorine ; copper ; [2] (iii) electrolysis ; [1] (b) (all correct 2 marks, 1 correct 1mark);; [2] (c) (i) CF2Cl2 ; [1] (allow elements in any order) (ii) (not hydrocarbon) contains elements other than carbon and hydrogen / owtte ; [1] [Total: 10] C H H C H H C H H H H C H H C H H H C H H H H C H H C H H H ethane ethene methane propane

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2013 0653 22 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 2 (a) (i) slow down ; [1] (ii) frequencies ; [1] (iii) frequencies ; [1] (iv) amplitudes ; [1] (b) sound waves need a medium ; as the air is sucked out there is less of a medium to convey the sound wave ; no air means sound waves cannot pass through ; [3] [Total 7] 3 (a) (i) label to xylem ; label to phloem ; [2] (ii) transport (in either) ; xylem: transports water ; transports, mineral (ions) / named ion ; provides support ; phloem: transports nutrients made in the leaves ; e.g. sucrose / sugar ; [max 4] (b) (i) more root hairs ; shorter root hairs ; [2] (ii) increase in number in both types is the same / 0.44 more root hairs per unit area ; decrease in length is much greater in B plants ; [2] (iii) reduced surface area ; less able to take up water / mineral ions / named ion ; reduced water causes reduced photosynthesis ; less glucose made ; glucose used for energy / respiration / growth ; less mineral (ions), less growth ; [max 3] [Total 13]

Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2013 0653 22 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 4 (a) (i) increased ; because mixture has become more alkaline / solid has reacted with water ; [2] (ii) colour change (blue) to red ; effervescence / (gas) bubbles produced ; [2] (b) (i) colour change of cobalt chloride paper shows water ; and cloudy limewater shows carbon dioxide ; [2] (ii) paper covered with (layer of) sodium hydrogencarbonate / owtte ; provides barrier between paper and air / oxygen ; (if paper does burn) sodium hydrogencarbonate decomposes ; to carbon dioxide / water which inhibits burning / owtte ; [max 2] [Total: 8] 5 (a) (i) series ; [1] (ii) ammeter in series ; correct symbol ; voltmeter in parallel ; correct symbol ; [4] (iii) R = R1 + R2 ; = 15 Ω ; [2] (b) density = mass / volume ; = 9000 / 3000 = 3 g / cm3 ; [2] (c) water particles turn from liquid to gas ; heat (energy) from body evaporates water particles ; [max 1] [Total: 10]

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2013 0653 22 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 6 (a) A penis ; B sperm duct ; C urethra ; [3] (b) sperm cannot pass through ; idea that sperm cannot fertilise an egg ; [2] (c) (i) human immunodeficiency virus ; [1] (ii) not have sexual intercourse / wear a condom ; not sharing needles / not donating blood ; [max 1] 7 (a) (i) liquid solid ; (both required) [1] (ii) iodine atom contains more protons, neutrons (and electrons) than bromine ; iodine atom has more electrons shells than bromine ; [2] (iii) mixture becomes brown ; with one of the following because iodine is produced ; iodine is displaced by chlorine ; chlorine is more reactive than iodine ; [max 2] (b) to kill harmful bacteria / microorganisms ; to make water safe (for humans) ; [2] (c) flask contains a mixture / chlorine and helium atoms have not bonded ; because helium is noble gas / inert ; [2] (allow refs to filled electron shells in helium) [Total: 9]

Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2013 0653 22 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 8 (a) (i) driving force forwards and friction forces backwards ; [1] (ii) air resistance / tyres on road / brakes ; [1] (iii) equal and opposite ; [1] (iv) constant speed ; [1] (v) gravity / weight ; [1] (b) (i) speed = distance / time ; = 400 / 25 = 16 m/s ; [2] (ii) kinetic ; [1] (iii) gravitational potential ; [1] [Total: 9] 9 (a) (i) producer ; [1] (ii) carbohydrate / glucose / sugar / starch / other ; [1] (iii) energy (flow / transfer) ; [1] (b) more microscopic green plants ; fewer of other animals / named animal ; [2] (c) carbon dioxide ; methane ; [2] [Total:7]