Cambridge IGCSE Science - Combined 0653 — 2013 May/June Paper 2 · Variant 2

This document consists of 20 printed pages. IB13 06_0653_22/4RP © UCLES 2013 [Turn over *6319202059* UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/22 Paper 2 (Core) May/June 2013 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Electrical calculators may be used. You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. www.XtremePapers.com

2 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use 1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the elements in Group 1 of the Periodic Table. Na K Li Fig. 1.1 (i) Name the gas which is given off when the metals in Fig. 1.1 react with water. [1] (ii) Describe how the rate of reaction between water and the metals in Fig. 1.1 changes as you go down the group. [1] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows some of the elements in Group 7 of the Periodic Table. Br I Cl Fig. 1.2 (i) Describe how the melting point of the elements in Fig. 1.2 changes as you go down the group. [1] (ii) A solution of potassium bromide is colourless and a solution of chlorine is almost colourless. Describe and explain briefly what would be seen when these solutions are mixed. what would be seen explanation [3]

3 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) Phosphorus is a non-metallic, solid element. One form of phosphorus is white, has the chemical formula P4 and has to be kept under water. Fig. 1.3 shows a bottle containing phosphorus. water pieces of phosphorus P4 Fig. 1.3 (i) Suggest why white phosphorus has to be stored under water. [2] (ii) Explain the meaning of the chemical formula P4. [2]

4 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use 2 (a) Fig. 2.1 shows a child’s toy. As the ball falls, the toy elephant moves across the table. string toy elephant ball table Fig. 2.1 (i) Name the main force that opposes the motion of the toy elephant. [1] (ii) State the unit used to measure forces. [1] (iii) Choose words from the list below to complete the sentences. You may use each word once, more than once or not at all. chemical electrical gravitational potential kinetic light sound thermal The useful energy transfer for the toy is energy to energy. The energy wasted by the toy is energy. [2] (iv) The toy elephant travels 1.2 metres in 3 seconds. Calculate the average speed of the elephant. State the formula that you use and show your working. formula working m / s [2]

5 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) An elephant of mass 5000 kg exerts a constant force to push a tree trunk along at a steady speed of 1.5 m / s. State the two quantities that would need to be measured to calculate the work done by the elephant. and [2] (c) An elephant can communicate with other elephants using infrasound. This is a very low frequency vibration which it is usually impossible for a human to hear. (i) Suggest a possible frequency for this vibration and explain why you chose your answer. frequency Hz explanation [2] (ii) State the meaning of the term frequency. [1]

6 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use 3 (a) Four sets of pea seeds were placed in Petri dishes containing either damp soil or damp filter paper. They were left in different conditions, shown in Table 3.1. Table 3.1 set conditions A damp soil cold dark B damp filter paper warm light C damp filter paper warm dark D damp soil cold light Predict which sets of seeds will germinate. Explain your answer. prediction explanation [3] (b) A pea seed was planted in a pot. When the seed had grown into a young plant, the pot was placed on its side in a room where light was coming from all sides. Fig. 3.1 shows the young pea plant three days after the pot had been placed on its side. Fig. 3.1 (i) Which two terms describe the response of the plant shown in Fig. 3.1? Circle the correct answers. geotropism photosynthesis phototropism sensitivity transpiration [2]

7 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (ii) Suggest how this response will help the plant to reproduce sexually when it has grown to maturity. [2]

8 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use 4 Fig. 4.1 shows a microwave oven. Fig. 4.1 (a) Microwaves cook food by transferring energy to the food. (i) Choose words from the list to complete the sentences below. You may use each word once, more than once or not at all. chemical conduction convection potential radiation thermal Microwaves are absorbed by the outer layers of food. The microwave energy is transferred to water and fat molecules in these layers, increasing the energy of these layers. energy is mostly transferred to the centre of solid food by . [2] (ii) State one use for microwaves other than cooking. [1] (b) Water can be heated in a microwave oven. The microwave oven is made of solids. The water is a liquid. Complete Fig. 4.2 to show the arrangement of particles in a solid. The diagram for a liquid has been done for you. liquid solid [2] Fig. 4.2

9 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 5 (a) (i) Explain why hydrogen and carbon are described as elements, but hydrocarbons such as methane and ethane are described as compounds. [2] (ii) Name the fossil fuel found in the Earth that is the main source of methane. [1] (iii) Name one type of fossil fuel that is a solid. [1] (iv) Methane is used as a fuel because it reacts very quickly with oxygen, releasing heat. Name the two compounds that are formed when methane undergoes complete combustion. 1 2 [2] (b) Magnesium metal also reacts quickly with oxygen, releasing heat. (i) Name the compound which is formed when magnesium reacts with oxygen. [1]

10 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use (ii) Fig. 5.1 shows diagrams of a magnesium atom and an oxygen atom. Mg O Fig. 5.1 When magnesium reacts with oxygen, the atoms shown in Fig. 5.1 first change into electrically charged atoms known as ions. Describe what happens when these atoms change into ions. magnesium oxygen [2]

11 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 6 Fig. 6.1 shows a food chain. The arrows show how energy flows from one organism to another, along the chain. man sheep grass Fig. 6.1 (a) Energy enters the food chain as sunlight. Plant leaves use this energy to make food. (i) Name the substance in the leaves of a plant that absorbs this energy. [1] (ii) Name the two raw materials that the plant uses to make food. 1 2 [2] (iii) Name the gas released from plant leaves during this process. [1] (b) A sheep is a herbivore. Define the term herbivore. [2] (c) Meat from the sheep contains protein. Describe the importance of protein in the diet. [2]

12 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use (d) The cells in the man's body use respiration to release useful energy from nutrients that he has absorbed. (i) Tick the processes in the list below that use energy. the diffusion of oxygen from the lungs into the blood the passage of nerve impulses along a nerve cell muscle contraction protein synthesis [1] (ii) A person living in a very cold climate generally needs to eat more than a person living in a hot climate. Explain why. [2]

13 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 7 (a) The diagrams below show the circuit symbols for three components of an electric torch (flashlight). (i) On the line below each diagram, state the name of the component. [3] (ii) Using only these symbols, draw a circuit diagram for a torch. [1] (b) Torches are usually powered by electrical cells. They can also be powered by energy from the Sun (solar energy). Solar energy is a renewable energy resource. (i) Name one other renewable energy resource. [1] (ii) Name one non-renewable energy resource. [1] (iii) Energy is transferred from the Sun to the Earth by radiation. Explain why energy cannot be transferred from the Sun to the Earth by conduction. [1]

14 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use (c) A ray of light from the torch is reflected by a mirror. This is shown in Fig. 7.1. normal a b mirror Fig. 7.1 Angle a has a value of 45°. Name angle b and write down its value. name value ° [2]

15 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 8 (a) A student added a solution of the same dilute acid to each of the test-tubes P to S shown in Fig. 8.1. P magnesium Q magnesium carbonate R copper carbonate S alkaline solution containing litmus Fig. 8.1 Complete Table 8.1 by matching the test-tubes, P, Q, R and S, with the observations which are made when the dilute acid reacts with the contents. One of the observations applies to more than one of the test-tubes. You may use each letter once, more than once or not at all. Table 8.1 observations test-tube(s) Hydrogen gas is given off. A blue solution is formed. Carbon dioxide gas is given off. [3]

16 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use (b) The student used the apparatus shown in Fig. 8.2 to investigate neutralisation reactions involving three acids, A, B and C. sodium hydroxide solution burette containing acid pH sensor beaker pH value tap to allow acid to run in Fig. 8.2 25.0 cm3 of the same solution of the alkali, sodium hydroxide, were placed into each of three beakers. Acid was slowly added to each of the beakers in turn, and the pH values of the mixtures were displayed on the computer screen. Some of the measurements from the three experiments are shown in Table 8.2. Table 8.2 acid source of acid volume required to neutralise the alkali / cm3 A sample taken from an acidic lake 42.0 B sample taken from a car battery 15.0 C acid from a chemical laboratory 60.0 (i) Suggest a possible pH value of the alkali before any acid was added. [1] (ii) Describe briefly what the student would observe when the acid had neutralised the alkali. [1]

17 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (iii) State, with a reason, which acid, A, B or C, had the highest concentration. acid reason [1] (iv) The student noticed that, in all three experiments, the temperature of the mixture increased as the acid was added. Suggest why the temperature increased. [1] (v) Complete the general word equation for the reaction which occurs between an acid and an alkali. acid alkali + + [2]

18 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use 9 Fig. 9.1 shows a section through a small blood vessel. cell A cell B Fig. 9.1 (a) Cell A is a red blood cell. (i) Outline two ways in which this cell differs from a liver cell. 1 2 [2] (ii) Describe the function of a red blood cell. [2] (b) Describe the function of cell B. [2]

19 © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 For Examiner's Use (c) Complete the sentences about the functions of blood plasma, using words from the list. You may use each word once, more than once, or not at all. adrenaline enzymes insoluble small intestine soluble stomach starch vitamins Blood plasma transports nutrients such as sugars. These nutrients enter the blood in the . Blood plasma also transports hormones such as . [3]

20 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © UCLES 2013 0653/22/M/J/13 Group 140 Ce Cerium 58 141 Pr Praseodymium 59 144 Nd Neodymium 60 Pm Promethium 61 150 Sm Samarium 62 152 Eu Europium 63 157 Gd Gadolinium 64 159 Tb Terbium 65 162 Dy Dysprosium 66 165 Ho Holmium 67 167 Er Erbium 68 169 Tm Thulium 69 173 Yb Ytterbium 70 175 Lu Lutetium 71 232 Th Thorium 90 Pa Protactinium 91 238 U Uranium 92 Np Neptunium 93 Pu Plutonium 94 Am Americium 95 Cm Curium 96 Bk Berkelium 97 Cf Californium 98 Es Einsteinium 99 Fm Fermium 100 Md Mendelevium 101 No Nobelium 102 Lr Lawrencium 103 1 H Hydrogen 1 7 Li Lithium 3 23 Na Sodium 11 24 Mg Magnesium 12 40 Ca Calcium 20 45 Sc Scandium 21 48 Ti Titanium 22 51 V Vanadium 23 52 Cr Chromium 24 55 Mn Manganese 25 56 Fe Iron 26 59 Co Cobalt 27 59 Ni Nickel 28 64 Cu Copper 29 65 Zn Zinc 30 70 Ga Gallium 31 27 Al Aluminium 13 11 B Boron 5 12 C Carbon 6 14 N Nitrogen 7 16 O Oxygen 8 19 F Fluorine 9 28 Si Silicon 14 31 P Phosphorus 15 32 S Sulfur 16 35.5 Cl Chlorine 17 40 Ar Argon 18 20 Ne Neon 10 4 He Helium 2 73 Ge Germanium 32 75 As Arsenic 33 79 Se Selenium 34 80 Br Bromine 35 84 Kr Krypton 36 39 K Potassium 19 88 Sr Strontium 38 89 Y Yttrium 39 91 Zr Zirconium 40 93 Nb Niobium 41 96 Mo Molybdenum 42 Tc Technetium 43 101 Ru Ruthenium 44 103 Rh Rhodium 45 106 Pd Palladium 46 108 Ag Silver 47 112 Cd Cadmium 48 115 In Indium 49 119 Sn Tin 50 122 Sb Antimony 51 128 Te Tellurium 52 127 I Iodine 53 131 Xe Xenon 54 137 Ba Barium 56 139 La Lanthanum 57 * 178 Hf Hafnium 72 181 Ta Tantalum 73 184 W Tungsten 74 186 Re Rhenium 75 190 Os Osmium 76 192 Ir Iridium 77 195 Pt Platinum 78 197 Au Gold 79 201 Hg Mercury 80 204 Tl Thallium 81 207 Pb Lead 82 209 Bi Bismuth 83 Po Polonium 84 At Astatine 85 Rn Radon 86 Fr Francium 87 227 Ac Actinium 89 9 Be Beryllium 4 I II III IV V VI VII 0 85 Rb Rubidium 37 133 Cs Caesium 55 226 Ra Radium 88 The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.). a X b a = relative atomic mass X = atomic symbol b = proton (atomic) number Key *58-71 Lanthanoid series 90-103 Actinoid series DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements

9*CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2013 series 0653 COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/22 Paper 2 (Core Theory), maximum raw mark 80 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2013 series for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components. www.XtremePapers.com

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2013 0653 22 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 1 (a) (i) hydrogen ; [1] (ii) rate increases (down the group) ; [1] (b) (i) melting point increases (down the group) ; [1] (ii) mixture becomes orange ; bromine is produced / is orange ; chlorine is more reactive than bromine / chlorine displaces bromine ; [3] (c) (i) phosphorus is (very) reactive ; reacts with substances in the air ; does not react with water ; water forms a barrier ; [max 2] (ii) phosphorus is made of molecules ; (containing) four phosphorus atoms / diagram shows ; (that are) bonded together / diagram shows ; [max 2] [Total: 10] 2 (a) (i) friction ; [1] (ii) newtons ; [1] (iii) gravitational potential to kinetic ; thermal / sound ; [2] (iv) speed = distance / time ; = 1.2/3 = 0.4 (m / s) ; [2] (b) force ; distance ; [2] (c) (i) below 20 Hz ; human lower threshold is about 20 Hz ; [2] (ii) number of vibrations per second ; [1] [Total: 11]

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2013 0653 22 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 3 (a) B and C ; they have warmth and water / moisture ; light is not needed ; [3] (b) (i) geotropism ; sensitivity ; [2] (ii) flowers held up ; where insects can reach them / attracts more insects ; for pollination ; [max 2] [Total: 7] 4 (a) (i) thermal ; thermal and conduction ; [2] (ii) communication ; [1] (b) regular arrangement ; all touching ; [2] [Total: 5] 5 (a) (i) H and C / elements contain only one type of atom ; compound contains different atoms that are bonded ; elements shown in Periodic Table / compounds are not shown ; compound has different properties from either element ; [max 2] (ii) natural gas ; [1] (iii) coal / peat ; [1] (iv) carbon dioxide ; water ; [2] (b) (i) magnesium oxide ; [1] (ii) magnesium: atoms lose electrons / become a positive ion ; oxygen: atoms gain electrons / become a negative ion ; [2] [Total: 9]

Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2013 0653 22 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 6 (a) (i) chlorophyll ; [1] (ii) carbon dioxide ; water ; [2] (iii) oxygen ; [1] (b) an animal that gets its energy ; (from) only eating plants / without eating meat ; OR an animal that only gets its energy from eating plants ;; [max 2] (c) growth ; repair ; for making, cell membranes / cytoplasm ; for making enzymes / haemoglobin / antibodies / other specific substance ; [max 2] (d) (i) last three boxes ticked ; [1] (ii) more heat lost in cold environment ; from skin / by radiation / by conduction ; (so) more heat needs to be produced within the body / in cells ; by respiration ; using, food / glucose / carbohydrates (as fuel) ; to increase fat deposits under the skin ; for heat insulation ; [max 2] [Total: 11] 7 (a) (i) lamp ; cell ; switch ; [3] (ii) correct series circuit and all symbols correct ; [1] (b) (i) geothermal / wave / tidal / hydroelectric / wind / biomass ; [1] (ii) coal / oil / gas / peat / nuclear ; [1] (iii) conduction requires particles / a medium ; only radiation can pass through a vacuum ; [max 1] (c) angle of reflection ; 45° ; [2] [Total: 9]

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2013 0653 22 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 8 (a) P ; R ; Q, R ; [3] (b) (i) any value from 8 to 14 / 8 – 14 ; [1] (ii) pH of ‘7’ on the screen / owtte ; [1] (iii) (B) took the least volume (to neutralise the alkali) ; [1] (iv) reaction was exothermic / heat given off ; [1] (v) → salt ; + water ; [2] [Total: 9] 9 (a) (i) no nucleus ; contains haemoglobin ; smaller ; has dent in the middle ; [max 2] (ii) transports oxygen ; from lungs to, tissues / cells ; [2] (b) protection against disease / destroys invading microorganisms ; phagocytosis ; [2] (c) soluble ; small intestine ; adrenaline ; [3] [Total: 9]