Cambridge IGCSE Science - Combined 0653 — 2009 Oct/Nov Paper 3 · Variant 1

This document consists of 20 printed pages. IB09 11_0653_03/3RP © UCLES 2009 [Turn over *7197178874* For Examiner's Use 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/03 Paper 3 (Extended) October/November 2009 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, tables or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. www.XtremePapers.com

2 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a transverse section of part of a leaf. The arrows show water movement. Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) On Fig. 1.1, label a palisade cell, using a label line. [1] (ii) Explain why palisade cells need a good supply of water. [2] (b) (i) Name the type of cell that transports water from the roots to a leaf. [1] (ii) Name the process by which water moves from one plant cell to another, as it moves across the leaf. [1]

3 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) The loss of water vapour from the leaf to the air is called transpiration. (i) Describe and explain how temperature affects the rate of transpiration. [3] (ii) Explain why temperature also affects the rate at which water is transported up to the leaves from the roots. [2]

4 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 2 Radiation can be used to monitor the thickness of paper in a paper mill. Fig. 2.1 shows a radiation detector connected to a control unit. This sends messages to machines that adjust the gap between the rollers. radiation detector source of radiation rollers paper control unit Fig. 2.1 (a) The following sentences describe what happens if the paper sheet produced is too thin. The sentences are in the wrong order. A The gap between the rollers is increased. B The paper sheet is now rolled a little thicker. C A signal goes from the detector to the control unit. D The paper sheet absorbs less beta radiation so more reaches the detector. Arrange the sentences in the correct order. [2] (b) Explain why an alpha radiation source cannot be used to monitor the thickness of the paper sheet. [1]

5 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) Table 2.1 shows the half-life and type of radiation given out by four different radioactive isotopes. Table 2.1 radioactive isotope half-life / days radiation given out bismuth-210 5.0 beta polonium-210 138.0 alpha and gamma radon-222 3.8 alpha iodine-131 8.0 beta and gamma (i) A sample of each isotope has the same count rate today. Which sample will have the highest count rate one month from today? Explain your answer. [2] (ii) Which isotopes in the table give out radiation that is the most ionising? Explain your answer. [2]

6 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 3 (a) Erupting volcanoes release a plume into the air, containing many gases. plume rain Table 3.1 shows some of the gases released by three volcanoes A, B and C. Table 3.1 % of each gas in the plume gas in plume volcano A volcano B volcano C H2O 37.1 77.2 97.1 CO2 48.9 11.3 1.44 SO2 11.8 8.34 0.50 H2 0.49 1.39 0.70 CO 1.51 0.44 0.01 (i) Explain why hydrogen is an element and the other gases are compounds. [2] (ii) The plume from volcano A could be much more damaging to plant life than the plumes from the other volcanoes. Use the information in Table 3.1 to explain why. [3]

7 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) (i) Complete the bonding diagram below to show • the chemical symbols of the elements in a molecule of carbon dioxide, • the arrangement of the outer electrons in each atom. [2] (ii) Use information in the Periodic Table on page 20 to calculate the relative molecular mass of sulfur dioxide. Show your working. [1] (c) The air also contains noble gases, such as argon, which are very unreactive. Draw a diagram of an argon atom showing how all of the electrons are arranged. [2]

8 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 4 The enzyme amylase is present in saliva. It helps to digest starch in the mouth. (a) (i) Name the substance that is produced when amylase digests starch. [1] (ii) State one part of the alimentary canal, other than the mouth, where amylase digests starch. [1] (b) There is a rare allele of the gene that is responsible for the production of amylase. A person with only one copy of this allele still produces amylase. However, a person with two copies of the allele does not produce amylase. (i) State how this information shows that this allele is recessive. [1] (ii) Explain why a person with two copies of this allele would not be able to obtain energy from any starch in their diet. [3]

9 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (iii) Complete the genetic diagram to show how two people who both produce amylase can have a child who does not produce amylase. Use the symbol A for the dominant allele and a for the recessive allele. … gametes from one parent gametes and and genotypes of parents Aa phenotypes of parents produces amylase produces amylase gametes from other parent [4]

10 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 5 A student uses dilute hydrochloric acid to test four pieces of rock, W, X, Y and Z. She allows some of the acid to fall onto the samples and observes what happens. W Z Y X dilute hydrochloric acid Fig. 5.1 The appearance of the rock samples before hydrochloric acid was added is shown in Table 5.1. Table 5.1 rock appearance W light grey X white Y green Z dark grey (a) (i) Describe what the student will observe if the rock she is testing with acid contains a carbonate. [1] (ii) Suggest and explain which of the rock samples, W, X, Y or Z, contains a compound of a transition metal. [1]

11 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Copper metal can be extracted from copper carbonate in two stages, as shown in Fig. 5.2. copper carbonate copper oxide stage 1 mixture of black solid Q and copper oxide copper metal stage 2 Fig. 5.2 (i) The reaction in stage 1 occurs when copper carbonate is heated strongly. Suggest the word equation for the reaction. [1] (ii) Solid Q is a non-metallic element. Suggest the identity of this element. [1] (iii) Using your answer to (ii) complete and balance the symbolic equation for the reaction in stage 2. CuO + … → Cu + … [2] (iv) The compound copper oxide contains copper ions. State whether copper ions must gain or lose electrons in order to be converted into copper atoms. Explain your answer. [2]

12 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use (c) Copper metal can also be made from copper oxide by a different method. Fig. 5.3 shows some of the reactants and products involved. copper oxide substance A + copper sulfate solution process 1 copper sulfate solution metal B + copper process 2 Fig. 5.3 (i) Suggest the name of substance A. [1] (ii) Suggest the name of metal B. [1] (iii) Name the type of chemical change which occurs in process 2. [1] (iv) Explain why copper is formed in process 2. [1]

13 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 6 A motorcyclist begins a journey on his motorcycle. The motorcycle starts from rest and stops at a road junction after 80 seconds. The motorcycle then moves off again and completes the journey. (a) Fig 6.1 shows the motion of the motorcycle. H A B C D E F G 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 speed in m / s time in s A B C D E F G H Fig. 6.1 (i) From the start of the journey, how long did it take the motorcyclist to reach a speed of 10 m / s? [1] (ii) For how long was the motorcyclist travelling at a steady speed of 20 m / s? [1] (iii) During which two parts of the journey was the motorcyclist slowing down? from to and from to [1] (iv) Use Fig. 6.1 to show how far the motorcyclist travelled between 0 seconds and 80 seconds. Show your working. [2]

14 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use (b) Describe the motion of the moving motorcycle if the total frictional force it experiences is the same as the force produced by the engine. Explain your answer. [2] (c) Explain in terms of centre of mass why a stationary motorcycle is very unstable. [3]

15 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (d) The motorcycle has two lamps connected in a parallel circuit shown in Fig. 6.2. power supply Fig. 6.2 One lamp when lit has a resistance of 1 Ω. The other lamp when lit has a resistance of 2 Ω. Calculate the combined resistance of the two lamps. State the formula that you use and show your working. formula working [3]

16 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 7 In some countries in south-east Asia, large areas of tropical rainforest have been cut down to clear the land. The land has then been planted with oil-palm trees. (a) Explain how cutting down tropical rainforest may affect each of the following. (i) soil erosion [2] (ii) species diversity [2]

17 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Rats can become serious pests in oil-palm plantations. The rats damage the crops obtained from the oil-palms. (i) The rats can be controlled by putting down poison for them to eat. Suggest two disadvantages, other than the cost of the poison, of this method of control. 1 2 [2] (ii) An alternative method of controlling the rats is to encourage owls to nest in the oil-palms by providing them with nest boxes. Owls are predators of rats. Suggest one disadvantage of this method of control. [1]

18 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows an aluminium saucepan on a cooker. Vegetables are being cooked in boiling water in the pan. Fig. 8.1 State how the energy passes from the hot cooker through the base of the saucepan in to the water inside. [1] (b) Fig. 8.2 shows a block of aluminium which has a mass of 540 g. aluminium 540 g 2 cm 10 cm 10 cm Fig. 8.2 Calculate the density of the block. Show your working. [3]

19 © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use (c) Describe how you would find the volume of an irregularly shaped object such as a carrot. You may draw a diagram if it helps your answer. [2] 9 Poly(ethene) is a compound used in making plastics. Poly(ethene) is a polymer made from the monomer, ethene (C2H4). (a) Describe how ethene molecules react to form poly(ethene). In your answer include a diagram showing the displayed (graphical) formulae of two ethene molecules and how these are changed during the reaction. [3] (b) Describe and explain what is observed when gaseous ethene is bubbled through a solution of bromine. [2]

20 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © UCLES 2009 0653/03/O/N/09 Group 140 Ce Cerium 58 141 Pr Praseodymium 59 144 Nd Neodymium 60 Pm Promethium 61 150 Sm Samarium 62 152 Eu Europium 63 157 Gd Gadolinium 64 159 Tb Terbium 65 162 Dy Dysprosium 66 165 Ho Holmium 67 167 Er Erbium 68 169 Tm Thulium 69 173 Yb Ytterbium 70 175 Lu Lutetium 71 232 Th Thorium 90 Pa Protactinium 91 238 U Uranium 92 Np Neptunium 93 Pu Plutonium 94 Am Americium 95 Cm Curium 96 Bk Berkelium 97 Cf Californium 98 Es Einsteinium 99 Fm Fermium 100 Md Mendelevium 101 No Nobelium 102 Lr Lawrencium 103 1 H Hydrogen 1 7 Li Lithium 3 23 Na Sodium 11 24 Mg Magnesium 12 40 Ca Calcium 20 45 Sc Scandium 21 48 Ti Titanium 22 51 V Vanadium 23 52 Cr Chromium 24 55 Mn Manganese 25 56 Fe Iron 26 59 Co Cobalt 27 59 Ni Nickel 28 64 Cu Copper 29 65 Zn Zinc 30 70 Ga Gallium 31 27 Al Aluminium 13 11 B Boron 5 12 C Carbon 6 14 N Nitrogen 7 16 O Oxygen 8 19 F Fluorine 9 28 Si Silicon 14 31 P Phosphorus 15 32 S Sulfur 16 35.5 Cl Chlorine 17 40 Ar Argon 18 20 Ne Neon 10 4 He Helium 2 73 Ge Germanium 32 75 As Arsenic 33 79 Se Selenium 34 80 Br Bromine 35 84 Kr Krypton 36 39 K Potassium 19 88 Sr Strontium 38 89 Y Yttrium 39 91 Zr Zirconium 40 93 Nb Niobium 41 96 Mo Molybdenum 42 Tc Technetium 43 101 Ru Ruthenium 44 103 Rh Rhodium 45 106 Pd Palladium 46 108 Ag Silver 47 112 Cd Cadmium 48 115 In Indium 49 119 Sn Tin 50 122 Sb Antimony 51 128 Te Tellurium 52 127 I Iodine 53 131 Xe Xenon 54 137 Ba Barium 56 139 La Lanthanum 57 * 178 Hf Hafnium 72 181 Ta Tantalum 73 184 W Tungsten 74 186 Re Rhenium 75 190 Os Osmium 76 192 Ir Iridium 77 195 Pt Platinum 78 197 Au Gold 79 201 Hg Mercury 80 204 Tl Thallium 81 207 Pb Lead 82 209 Bi Bismuth 83 Po Polonium 84 At Astatine 85 Rn Radon 86 Fr Francium 87 227 Ac Actinium 89 9 Be Beryllium 4 I II III IV V VI VII 0 85 Rb Rubidium 37 133 Cs Caesium 55 226 Ra Radium 88 The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.). a X b a = relative atomic mass X = atomic symbol b = proton (atomic) number Key *58-71 Lanthanoid series 90-103 Actinoid series DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2009 question paper for the guidance of teachers 0653 COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/03 Paper 3 (Extended Theory), maximum raw mark 80 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the examination. • CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes. CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2009 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses. www.XtremePapers.com

Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0653 03 © UCLES 2009 1 (a) (i) label to palisade cell ; [1] (ii) for photosynthesis ; (in which) water is combined with carbon dioxide ; to provide turgor / support ; [max 2] (b) (i) xylem / vessel ; [1] (ii) osmosis ; [1] (c) (i) increase in temperature increases, (rate of) transpiration / water loss ; particles move faster / have more kinetic energy ; diffusion faster ; evaporation faster ; [max 3] (ii) temperature increase increases, rate / amount, of water drawn up ; transpiration reduces, pressure / water potential (at top of plant) ; water moves up plant down, pressure / water potential, gradient ; [max 2] [Total: 10] 2 (a) [D C A B] D first and B last ; C and A right way round ; [2] (b) alpha radiation completely absorbed by paper ; [1] (c) (i) polonium(–210) ; longest half-life / decays most slowly ; [2] (ii) polonium(–210) and/or radon(–222) ; emits alpha radiation / alpha radiation is most ionising ; [2] [Total: 7]

Page 3 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0653 03 © UCLES 2009 3 (a) (i) elements contain only one type of atom / H2 shows only H atoms bonded ; compounds contain different atoms bonded / are made of more than one element / example quoted e.g. CO2 contains carbon and oxygen ; [2] (ii) A releases more sulfur dioxide; sulfur dioxide dissolves in / reacts with water ; to form acid rain ; more sulfur dioxide and less water from A compared to B so potentially acid much more concentrated ; negligible amounts of sulfur dioxide from C / C releases mainly water ; [max 3] (b) (i) O O C shared electrons ; lone pairs / four other electrons in both Os ; [2] (ii) 32 + (16 × 2) 64 ; [1] (c) O 18 electrons; arranged as shown ; [2] [Total: 10]

Page 4 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0653 03 © UCLES 2009 4 (a) (i) sugar / maltose ; [1] (ii) small intestine / duodenum ; [1] (b) (i) person with only one copy still produces amylase ; [1] (ii) cannot digest starch / cannot produce sugar from starch ; cannot absorb, starch / sugar / glucose ; into the blood ; cells / body, do not get sugar ; cannot use (starch / sugar) for respiration ; [max 3] (iii) phenotypes of parents produces amylase produces amylase genotypes of parents Aa …Aa… gametes gametes from one parent AA Aa gametes from other parent Aa aa second parent shown as Aa ; all gametes correct ; all offspring genotypes correct ; aa offspring identified as not producing amylase ; [4] [Total: 10] A a A a and and A a A a

Page 5 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0653 03 © UCLES 2009 5 (a) (i) effervescence / gas given off / fizzing ; [1] (ii) Y is coloured / green ; [1] (b) (i) copper carbonate → copper oxide + carbon dioxide ; [1] (ii) carbon / C ; [1] (iii) 2CuO + C → 2Cu + CO2 (symbols C and CO2 ; then balanced ;) [2] (iv) (gain) because copper ions are positively charged ; and so must gain negative charges / electrons, to be neutralised / discharged / because atoms are not charged / owtte ; [2] (c) (i) (dilute) sulfuric acid ; [1] (ii) allow more reactive metals except alkali metals ; e.g. Ca Mg Al Zn Fe [1] (iii) displacement / redox / reduction / oxidation ; [1] (iv) because the metal from (i) is more reactive than copper / or statements which imply it e.g. magnesium is able to “take” sulfate from copper ; [1] [Total: 12] 6 (a) (i) 15 s ; [1] (ii) 30 s ; [1] (iii) C to D and G to H / 60 s to 80 s and 140 s to 160 s ; [1] (iv) 300 + 600 + 200 ; = 1100 m ; [2] (b) constant speed / no acceleration ; balanced forces / equal and opposite forces / total force is zero ; [2] (c) centre of mass high ; narrow, base / tyre / wheel ; easy to move so centre of mass not over base ; weight produces turning force ; [max 3] (d) 1 / R = 1 / R1 + 1 / R2 ; substitution and working ; resistance = 0.67 Ω [3] [Total: 13]

Page 6 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0653 03 © UCLES 2009 7 (a) (i) [increase (soil erosion)] soil not protected from rain by leaves ; soil not held by roots ; easily washed away / more run-off ; (ignore wind) [max 2] (ii) [decrease (species diversity)] loss of habitats ; (not ‘homes’) loss of particular food supplies / disrupts food chains ; more hunting (by humans) ; [max 2] (b) (i) other animals might be harmed by the poison ; poison may accumulate up the food chain ; poison needs to be put down repeatedly ; not all rats will eat poison ; rats may develop resistance ; [max 2] (ii) owls will not kill all the rats / owls may eat other species / owls may harm other species ; [1] [Total: 7] 8 (a) conduction ; [1] (b) (density =) mass / volume ; use of 200 ; 2.7 g / cm3 ; [3] (c) immerse in water ; measure volume of water displaced ; [2] [Total: 6] 9 (a) two correct displayed formulae of ethene ; segment of poly(ethene) molecule showing (at least) four carbon atoms with single bonds and at least eight hydrogen atoms ; result is a (very) long chain / spare bonds at each end on diagram ; [3] (b) orange solution decolourised ; ref. to, double bonds (in ethene) / unsaturated compounds ; [2] [Total: 5]