Cambridge IGCSE Science - Combined 0653 — 2009 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 1

This document consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page. IB09 11_0653_02/3RP © UCLES 2009 [Turn over *8579467583* For Examiner's Use 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/02 Paper 2 (Core) October/November 2009 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, tables or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. www.XtremePapers.com

2 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 1 Table 1.1 shows the results of food tests made on two different foods. Table 1.1 food colour with iodine solution colour with biuret solution A blue-black blue B brown purple (a) Use the results in Table 1.1 to state the nutrient present in food A and in food B. food A food B [2] (b) The enzyme amylase is present in saliva. It helps to digest starch in the mouth. (i) Explain what is meant by the term enzyme. [2] (ii) Some people do not produce amylase in their saliva or other digestive juices. Explain why these people cannot obtain energy from the starch in their diet. [3] (iii) The inability to produce amylase can be passed on from parents to their children. Suggest what causes this inability. [1] (iv) Dogs are carnivores. Dogs do not produce amylase. Explain why carnivores, such as dogs, do not need to produce amylase. [1]

3 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 2 (a) Fig. 2.1 shows some of the gases which are released into the air when volcanoes erupt. water vapour sulfur dioxide hydrogen carbon dioxide carbon monoxide Fig. 2.1 (i) Which gas shown in Fig. 2.1 is an element? [1] (ii) Explain how volcanic eruptions could cause acid rain. [2] (b) Carbon dioxide molecules are formed when two non-metallic elements combine. (i) State the type of chemical bonding in a carbon dioxide molecule. [1] (ii) Complete Table 2.1 by drawing the displayed (graphical) formula of carbon dioxide. Table 2.1 molecular formula displayed formula water H2O H – O – H carbon dioxide CO2 [2]

4 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 3 Radiation can be used to monitor the thickness of paper in a paper mill. Fig. 3.1 shows a radiation detector connected to a control unit. This sends messages to machines that adjust the gap between the rollers. radiation detector source of radiation rollers paper control unit Fig. 3.1 (a) The following sentences describe what happens if the paper sheet produced is too thin. The sentences are in the wrong order. A The gap between the rollers is increased. B The paper sheet is now rolled a little thicker. C A signal goes from the detector to the control unit. D The paper sheet absorbs less beta radiation so more reaches the detector. Arrange the sentences in the correct order. [2] (b) Explain why an alpha radiation source cannot be used to monitor the thickness of the paper sheet. [1]

5 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) Radioactive materials give out radiation. Describe how this radiation can harm people. [2] (d) The technician servicing this equipment must be able to handle radioactive substances safely. Suggest two safety precautions that he uses. 1st precaution 2nd precaution [2]

6 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 4 In some countries in south-east Asia, large areas of tropical rainforest have been cut down to clear the land. The land has then been planted with oil-palm trees. (a) Explain how cutting down tropical rainforest may affect each of the following. (i) soil erosion [2] (ii) species diversity [2]

7 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Oil palm rats often live in oil-palm plantations. The rats eat the oil-palm fruits. Owls prey on the oil-palm rats. (i) Draw a food chain to show this information. [2] (ii) For each organism in your food chain, state whether it is a producer or a consumer. [1]

8 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 5 Plastics are suitable materials for making containers in which to store acids. Acids are not stored in containers made of galvanised steel. (a) Acids are neutralised by alkalis. (i) Complete the general word equation below. + alkali acid + [2] (ii) State the element which is present in all acids. [1] (iii) Sodium hydroxide solution is an example of an alkali. Write the chemical formula of sodium hydroxide. [1] (b) (i) Name the main metallic element in steel. [1] (ii) Describe what is meant by the term galvanised, and state briefly why some steel is galvanised. [2] (iii) Explain why galvanised steel is not a suitable material for making containers used for storing acids. [1]

9 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) Poly(propene) is a compound used in making plastics. Poly(propene) is a polymer made of the monomer, propene (C3H6). (i) State the total number of atoms combined in one molecule of propene. [1] (ii) Explain why propene is an example of a hydrocarbon. [1] (iii) Poly(propene) molecules are formed when propene is heated with a catalyst. Describe how propene molecules react to form poly(propene). You may draw a simple diagram if it helps you to answer this question. [2]

10 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 6 A motorcyclist begins a journey on his motorcycle. The motorcycle starts from rest and stops at a road junction after 80 seconds. The motorcycle then moves off again and completes the journey. (a) Fig. 6.1 shows a graph of the motion of the motorcycle. H A B C D E F G 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 speed in m / s time in s A B C D E F G H Fig. 6.1 (i) From the start of the journey, how long did it take the motorcyclist to reach a speed of 10 m / s? s [1] (ii) For how long was the motorcyclist travelling at a steady speed of 20 m / s? s [1] (iii) During which two parts of the journey was the motorcyclist slowing down? from to and from to [1] (b) Describe the motion of the moving motorcycle if the total frictional force it experiences is the same as the force produced by the engine. Explain your answer. [2]

11 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) Motorcycle engines use petrol as a fuel. When motorcycle engines are tested at the factory, a tube should be attached to the exhaust pipe. tube takes exhaust gas out of the factory Fig. 6.2 (i) Explain why the exhaust gas must be removed from the factory. [2] (ii) Complete the sentences to show the energy changes involved in the motorcycle engine. • Fuel contains energy. • Fuel burns in the engine to produce energy and energy. [3]

12 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 7 Fig. 7.1 shows a transverse section of part of a leaf. The arrows show water movement. Fig. 7.1 (a) On Fig. 7.1, label each of following structures, using label lines. (i) a palisade cell [1] (ii) a stoma [1] (b) Describe the function of each of these parts of a palisade cell. (i) nucleus [2] (ii) cell surface membrane [1] (c) (i) Explain why palisade cells need a good supply of water. [2] (ii) Name the type of cell that transports water from the roots to a leaf. [1]

13 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (d) (i) Fig. 7.1 shows water moving through the leaf and out into the surrounding air. In what state, solid, liquid or gas, is the water as it moves from the leaf into the air? [1] (ii) Name the process by which the water moves out of the leaf into the air. [1]

14 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows an aluminium saucepan on a cooker. Vegetables are being cooked in boiling water in the pan. Fig. 8.1 (i) State how the energy passes from the hot cooker through the base of the pan to the water. [1] (ii) Suggest why saucepan handles are often made from plastic rather than metal. [1] (b) Fig. 8.2 shows three different ways in which particles may be arranged in substances. A B C Fig. 8.2 (i) Which diagram best represents the way particles are arranged in the aluminium saucepan? Explain your answer. diagram explanation [1]

15 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (ii) Which diagram best represents the way particles are arranged in the water in the saucepan? Explain your answer. diagram explanation [1] (c) Fig. 8.3 shows a block of aluminium which has a mass of 540 g. aluminium 540 g 2 cm 10 cm 10 cm Fig. 8.3 (i) Calculate the density of the block. State the formula that you use and show your working. g / cm3 [3] (ii) Calculate the weight of the block. Assume that the gravitational field strength of the Earth is 10 N / kg. N [1]

16 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use 9 A student uses dilute hydrochloric acid to test four pieces of rock, W, X, Y and Z. She allows some of the acid to fall onto the samples and observes what happens. W Z Y X dilute hydrochloric acid Fig. 9.1 Her observations are shown in Table 9.1. Table 9.1 rock appearance before acid added reaction with acid W light grey carbon dioxide gas produced X white no reaction Y green carbon dioxide gas produced Z dark grey no reaction (a) (i) State which of the rocks W, X, Y and Z, contain a carbonate. Explain your answer. rocks explanation [2] (ii) Copper is a transition metal. Suggest and explain which rock contains the compound, copper carbonate. rock explanation [2]

17 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Copper metal can be extracted from copper carbonate in two stages as shown in Fig. 9.2. copper carbonate copper oxide stage 1 mixture of black solid Q and copper oxide copper metal stage 2 Fig. 9.2 (i) The reaction in stage 1 is an example of thermal decomposition. State what has to be done to copper carbonate in order to cause this reaction to occur. [1] (ii) A black solid Q is mixed with the copper oxide made in stage 1. The reaction in stage 2 occurs when this mixture is heated. Complete the word equation for this reaction, using the correct chemical name for substance Q. copper oxide + copper + [2] (iii) Name the type of chemical reaction in (ii) and explain your answer briefly. [2]

18 © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 For Examiner's Use (iv) Draw a diagram of a simple electrical circuit which could be used to show that the product of the reaction in stage 2 is a metal. [2]

20 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © UCLES 2009 0653/02/O/N/09 Group 140 Ce Cerium 58 141 Pr Praseodymium 59 144 Nd Neodymium 60 Pm Promethium 61 150 Sm Samarium 62 152 Eu Europium 63 157 Gd Gadolinium 64 159 Tb Terbium 65 162 Dy Dysprosium 66 165 Ho Holmium 67 167 Er Erbium 68 169 Tm Thulium 69 173 Yb Ytterbium 70 175 Lu Lutetium 71 232 Th Thorium 90 Pa Protactinium 91 238 U Uranium 92 Np Neptunium 93 Pu Plutonium 94 Am Americium 95 Cm Curium 96 Bk Berkelium 97 Cf Californium 98 Es Einsteinium 99 Fm Fermium 100 Md Mendelevium 101 No Nobelium 102 Lr Lawrencium 103 1 H Hydrogen 1 7 Li Lithium 3 23 Na Sodium 11 24 Mg Magnesium 12 40 Ca Calcium 20 45 Sc Scandium 21 48 Ti Titanium 22 51 V Vanadium 23 52 Cr Chromium 24 55 Mn Manganese 25 56 Fe Iron 26 59 Co Cobalt 27 59 Ni Nickel 28 64 Cu Copper 29 65 Zn Zinc 30 70 Ga Gallium 31 27 Al Aluminium 13 11 B Boron 5 12 C Carbon 6 14 N Nitrogen 7 16 O Oxygen 8 19 F Fluorine 9 28 Si Silicon 14 31 P Phosphorus 15 32 S Sulfur 16 35.5 Cl Chlorine 17 40 Ar Argon 18 20 Ne Neon 10 4 He Helium 2 73 Ge Germanium 32 75 As Arsenic 33 79 Se Selenium 34 80 Br Bromine 35 84 Kr Krypton 36 39 K Potassium 19 88 Sr Strontium 38 89 Y Yttrium 39 91 Zr Zirconium 40 93 Nb Niobium 41 96 Mo Molybdenum 42 Tc Technetium 43 101 Ru Ruthenium 44 103 Rh Rhodium 45 106 Pd Palladium 46 108 Ag Silver 47 112 Cd Cadmium 48 115 In Indium 49 119 Sn Tin 50 122 Sb Antimony 51 128 Te Tellurium 52 127 I Iodine 53 131 Xe Xenon 54 137 Ba Barium 56 139 La Lanthanum 57 * 178 Hf Hafnium 72 181 Ta Tantalum 73 184 W Tungsten 74 186 Re Rhenium 75 190 Os Osmium 76 192 Ir Iridium 77 195 Pt Platinum 78 197 Au Gold 79 201 Hg Mercury 80 204 Tl Thallium 81 207 Pb Lead 82 209 Bi Bismuth 83 Po Polonium 84 At Astatine 85 Rn Radon 86 Fr Francium 87 227 Ac Actinium 89 9 Be Beryllium 4 I II III IV V VI VII 0 85 Rb Rubidium 37 133 Cs Caesium 55 226 Ra Radium 88 The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.). a X b a = relative atomic mass X = atomic symbol b = proton (atomic) number Key *58-71 Lanthanoid series 90-103 Actinoid series DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2009 question paper for the guidance of teachers 0653 COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/02 Paper 2 (Core Theory), maximum raw mark 80 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the examination. • CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes. CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2009 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses. www.XtremePapers.com

Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0653 02 © UCLES 2009 1 (a) A contains starch ; B contains protein ; [2] (b) (i) protein ; in living organisms ; that acts as a catalyst ; [max 2] (ii) cannot digest / breakdown starch ; (reject food) cannot absorb, starch / sugar / glucose ; into the blood ; cells do not get sugar ; cannot use (starch / sugar) for respiration ; [max 3] (iii) genes / chromosomes / DNA / mutation ; [1] (reject references to inheritance or blood) (iv) no starch in their food / starch not present in meat ; [1] [Total: 9] 2 (a) (i) hydrogen ; [1] (ii) sulfur dioxide ; reacts with / dissolves in rainwater / forms sulfurous / sulfuric acid ; [2] (allow one mark for reference to CO2 and carbonic acid) (b) (i) covalent ; [1] (ii) two oxygen atoms shown joined to central carbon ; by double bonds ; [2] [Total: 6] 3 (a) D to C to A to B [2] (b) alpha radiation completely absorbed by / cannot penetrate paper ; [1] (c) mutates (cells) ; causes cancer ; radiation burns ; [max 2] (d) shielding (e.g. gloves, lead lined clothes etc.) ; monitoring (radiation badges etc.) ; limited exposure time ; [max 2] [Total: 7]

Page 3 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0653 02 © UCLES 2009 4 (a) (i) increase (soil erosion) ; soil not protected from rain by leaves ; soil not held by roots ; easily washed away ; [max 2] (ii) decrease (species diversity) ; loss of habitats ; loss of food supplies / disrupts food chains ; more hunting (by humans) ; [max 2] (b) (i) oil palm rats owls ; ; [2] (all organisms and energy transfer) (ii) oil palm is producer, rats and owls are consumers ; [1] (all organisms required, ignore references to the Sun) [Total: 7] 5 (a) (i) → salt ; + water ; [2] (allow H2O) (ii) hydrogen / H / H+; [1] (iii) NaOH ; [1] (allow NaHO) (b) (i) iron ; [1] (allow Fe) (ii) a barrier of zinc / zinc plated onto the steel / covered with zinc ; which prevents (the steel from) rusting / keeps air / oxygen and water away from the steel ; [2] (iii) metals react with acid / the container would soon react and break ; [1] (allow corroded / dissolved) (c) (i) 9 ; [1] (ii) contains (only) hydrogen and carbon / is made of hydrogen and carbon ; [1] (iii) words and/or diagram which conveys (many) small molecules / molecules of propene join together / propene monomers link together ; to form a (long) chain (molecule) ; [2] (ignore mistakes in displayed formulae if meaning is clear) [Total: 12]

Page 4 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0653 02 © UCLES 2009 6 (a) (i) 15 s ; [1] (ii) 30 s ; [1] (iii) CD and GH / 60 – 80 (s) and 140 – 160 (s) ; [1] (b) constant speed / constant velocity ; reference to balanced forces / equal and opposite forces ; [2] (c) (i) may contain carbon monoxide / (products of) incomplete combustion ; poisonous ; [2] (ii) chemical ; heat / thermal ; kinetic / movement / sound / light ; [max 3] [Total: 10] 7 (a) (i) label to palisade cell ; [1] (ii) label to stoma ; [1] (b) (i) contains DNA / genetic information ; which is inherited ; controls activity of the cell (by controlling enzymes present) ; store genes on chromosomes ; [max 2] (ii) controls what enters / leaves the cell ; [1] (do not allow direct references to oxygen, water, carbon dioxide) (c) (i) for photosynthesis ; (in which) water is combined with carbon dioxide ; to provide turgor / support / hold shape ; [max 2] (ii) xylem (vessel) ; [1] (d) (i) gas ; [1] (ii) diffusion / (evapo)transpiration ; [1] (reject evaporation) [Total: 10]

Page 5 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0653 02 © UCLES 2009 8 (a) (i) conduction ; [1] (ii) (plastic is) good insulator / poor conductor ; [1] (b) (i) A, because it is a (diagram of a) solid / close (packed) and regular ; [1] (ii) B, because it is a (diagram of a) liquid / close (packed) and random ; [1] (c) (i) (density =) mass ÷ volume (reject unconventional symbols or units in formula) (volume is) 200 (cm3) ; = 540 ÷ 200 / 2.7 (g / cm3); [3] (allow ecf for incorrect volume) (ii) 5.4 N ; [1] [Total: 8] 9 (a) (i) W and Y (both needed) ; (carbonates react with acid to produce) carbon dioxide ; [2] (ii) Y ; transition metal compounds are (often) coloured (other than white) ; [2] (b) (i) (strong) heat ; [1] (ii) (copper oxide +) carbon; → (copper +) carbon dioxide; [2] (allow carbon monoxide and carbon oxide) (iii) oxidation / reduction / redox ; carbon gains oxygen / copper oxide loses oxygen ; [2] (iv) complete circuit in which the copper forms a part ; circuit would indicate that copper is a conductor i.e. copper is in series with a power source and a current indicator ; [2] [Total: 11]