Cambridge IGCSE Science - Combined 0653 — 2005 Oct/Nov Paper 3 · Variant 1

Centre Number Candidate Number Name UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/03 Paper 3 October/November 2005 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, tables or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer all questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20. For Examiner’s Use 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total This document consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page. IB05 11_0653_03/4RP  UCLES 2005 [Turn over If you have been given a label, look at the details. If any details are incorrect or missing, please fill in your correct details in the space given at the top of this page. Stick your personal label here, if provided. www.XtremePapers.com

2 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 For Examiner's Use 1 A student was asked to prepare some copper sulphate crystals. The diagrams, P, Q and R, in Fig. 1.1 show three important steps in the method the student used. powdered copper carbonate dilute sulphuric acid P Q R heat Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) Complete the table, using the letters P, Q and R, to show the order in which these processes should be carried out to produce copper sulphate crystals. first second third [1] (ii) Suggest how the student made certain that all of the sulphuric acid had reacted. [1] (iii) Explain why the process shown in step P in Fig. 1.1 needs to be included in the method. [1] (iv) Complete the symbolic equation below for the reaction between copper carbonate and dilute sulphuric acid. CuCO3 CuSO4 + + + [2]

3 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) The student then carried out electrolysis on the solution of copper sulphate that she had made. Fig. 1.2 shows a simplified diagram of the apparatus she used. power pack carbon electrodes copper sulphate solution Fig. 1.2 (i) Describe what is observed at the positive electrode (anode) in this process. [1] (ii) Copper ions have the symbol Cu2+. Describe and explain what happens to these ions during electrolysis. [3]

4 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 For Examiner's Use 2 (a) Fig. 2.1 shows a radioactive source emitting beta radiation. This radiation is directed at sheets of paper, aluminium and lead. aluminium foil aluminium shield paper lead radioactive source Fig. 2.1 (i) Describe how you would compare the effectiveness of the sheets of material in absorbing the beta radiation. [3] (ii) Alpha, beta and gamma radiations are passed between two electrically charged plates as shown in Fig. 2.2. alpha radiation beta radiation gamma radiation – – – – – – – – – – + + + + + + + + + + Fig. 2.2 Complete the diagram to show the path of each type of radiation as it passes between the charged plates. Explain your answer. [3]

5 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Alpha radiation is described as ionising radiation. (i) Explain the meaning of the term ionising radiation. [1] (ii) Explain why it is more dangerous to swallow a substance that emits alpha radiation than one that emits gamma radiation. [2] (c) Electricity can be generated by nuclear fission. Describe what happens to an atom during nuclear fission. [2]

6 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 For Examiner's Use 3 (a) A small child has to learn how to balance herself when riding a bicycle. Once she has learned, the many small movements needed to stay balanced become reflex actions. (i) What is meant by the term reflex action? [2] (ii) Give one advantage of reflex actions compared to voluntary actions. [1] (b) Some professional cyclists who have taken part in international competition have carried out a procedure called blood doping. Anyone who is found to have done this is now disqualified. Blood doping involves taking about one litre of blood from the person’s body. Some of the liquid is removed from it and then it is stored for a month or two at a low temperature. Meanwhile, the body makes more blood to replace the blood that was removed. A day before the competition, the saved blood is transfused back into the person’s body.

7 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 [Turn over For Examiner's Use Table 3.1 shows how this affects the person’s blood and ability to exercise. Table 3.1 before the saved blood was transfused after the saved blood was transfused concentration of haemoglobin in the blood / g per cm3 13.8 17.6 length of time the person could run on a treadmill at top speed / seconds 793 918 (i) Suggest why the blood which has been removed is stored at a low temperature. [2] (ii) Using the information in Table 3.1, and your own knowledge, explain how blood doping affects the concentration of haemoglobin in the blood. [2] (iii) Using the information in Table 3.1, and your own knowledge, suggest how blood doping can help a cyclist to win a race. [3]

8 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 For Examiner's Use 4 The chemical symbols for two elements are shown below. Zn 65 30 O 16 8 (a) Complete the table which refers to one atom of each element. element number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons zinc oxygen [2] (b) When zinc is burned in oxygen, zinc oxide is formed. The formula of zinc oxide is ZnO. If the symbol and charge of an oxide ion is O2-, deduce the charge of a zinc ion. Explain your answer. [2]

9 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) A small piece of zinc was added to three solutions of metal salts. The results are shown in Fig. 4.1. A lead nitrate solution B magnesium sulphate solution C copper sulphate solution Fig. 4.1 Grey crystals appeared in tube A and a brown solid appeared in tube C. There was no reaction in tube B. (i) Name the type of reaction occurring in tubes A and C. [1] (ii) Explain the observations in tubes B and C. [3] (iii) What are the grey crystals which appeared in tube A? [1]

10 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 For Examiner's Use 5 (a) A student set up the circuit shown in Fig. 5.1. lamp A lamp B Fig. 5.1 The student noticed that neither lamp A nor lamp B lit up. She found nothing wrong with lamp A, but the filament in lamp B was broken. (i) Explain why lamp A did not light up. [1] (ii) She replaced lamp B with a new lamp C. The resistance of each lamp was 4 ohms when lit. Calculate the combined resistance of both lamps in the working circuit. [1]

11 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (iii) She then made the circuit shown in Fig. 5.2 using lamps A and C. Calculate the combined resistance of both lamps in this circuit. lamp C lamp A Fig. 5.2 Show your working and state the formula that you use. formula used working [2] (b) Electricity is distributed for use at home using alternating current. (i) Explain the meaning of the term alternating current. [1] (ii) Explain why alternating current is used rather than direct current. [2]

12 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 For Examiner's Use 6 (a) Fig. 6.1 shows a section through a leaf. X Fig. 6.1 (i) On Fig. 6.1 draw a line to show how carbon dioxide enters the leaf and travels to cell X. [1] (ii) Describe and explain one way in which cell X is adapted for photosynthesis. [2]

13 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) The leaves of tomato plants are sometimes eaten by insect pests. One variety of tomato plants contains a substance which makes its leaves taste unpleasant, so that insects do not eat them. The allele which causes tomato plants to contain this substance is a dominant allele, A. Draw a genetic diagram to show the offspring which could result from a heterozygous parent with this substance, and a parent which does not have it. [3] (c) Fig. 6.2 shows some of the ways in which the tomato plants and insects both contribute to the carbon cycle. carbon dioxide in air tomato plants insects decomposers feeding photosynthesis respiration Fig. 6.2 On Fig. 6.2 draw and label two more arrows to show how carbon dioxide is returned to the air. [2]

14 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 For Examiner's Use 7 Petroleum (crude oil) is obtained from the Earth’s crust, and is the raw material for liquid fuel used in cars. Petroleum is a mixture of compounds. Most of these compounds are hydrocarbons. OIL air petroleum refining liquid fuel (a) Name the process used at an oil refinery to separate petroleum into useful materials, such as gasoline and diesel for use as fuel for cars. [1] (b) When liquid hydrocarbon fuel is oxidised in a car’s engine, waste gases are produced. In modern cars, the waste gases pass through a catalytic converter. In the converter, chemical reactions take place which reduce the amount of poisonous gases entering the air. Fig. 7.1 shows a simplified diagram of a catalytic converter. many narrow tubes made of metal gases entering the air gases from engine Fig. 7.1 (i) Suggest why the alloy used to make the narrow tubes contains transition metals. [1] (ii) The higher the temperature inside the converter the greater the amount of poisonous gases which it removes. Suggest a reason for this. [1]

15 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) (i) The symbolic equation for one of the reactions which occurs in the converter is shown below. The equation is not balanced. Balance the equation. NO + CO N2 + CO2 [1] (ii) Explain how the compound whose formula is CO is formed in the car’s engine. [2] (iii) Explain why the reaction shown in part (c)(i) is an example of a redox reaction. [2] (iv) Draw a diagram to show how the outer electrons are arranged in a molecule of carbon dioxide. [2]

16 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 For Examiner's Use 8 (a) Fig. 8.1 is a graph showing the speed of a caterpillar measured over 300 seconds. 4 3 2 1 0 0 50 100 150 time / s speed / mm per s 200 250 300 A B C D E F Fig. 8.1 (i) How can you tell that the caterpillar is moving at a constant speed between A and B? [1] (ii) Between which times is the caterpillar accelerating? Explain your answer. [1] (iii) How far did the caterpillar travel in 300 seconds? Show your working. [2]

17 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) The student looks at the caterpillar using a magnifying glass as shown in Fig. 8.2. 2 cm 2.5 cm 4 cm Fig. 8.2 (i) State the focal length of the lens. cm [1] (ii) Complete the ray diagram to show how the eye sees an enlarged image of the caterpillar. [2] (iii) This image is called a virtual image. Explain the meaning of the term virtual image. [1]

18 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 For Examiner's Use 9 (a) Fig. 9.1 shows the male reproductive system. B A D C Fig. 9.1 (i) Name the parts labelled A and C. A C [2] (ii) State the functions of parts B and D. B D [2] (b) Some organisms are able to reproduce both asexually and sexually. (i) Describe the differences between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. [2] (ii) Explain one advantage to an organism of reproducing asexually. [2]

19 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. 0653/03/O/N/05 BLANK PAGE

20 © UCLES 2005 0653/03/O/N/05 Group 140 Ce Cerium 58 141 Pr Praseodymium 59 144 Nd Neodymium 60 Pm Promethium 61 150 Sm Samarium 62 152 Eu Europium 63 157 Gd Gadolinium 64 159 Tb Terbium 65 162 Dy Dysprosium 66 165 Ho Holmium 67 167 Er Erbium 68 169 Tm Thulium 69 173 Yb Ytterbium 70 175 Lu Lutetium 71 232 Th Thorium 90 Pa Protactinium 91 238 U Uranium 92 Np Neptunium 93 Pu Plutonium 94 Am Americium 95 Cm Curium 96 Bk Berkelium 97 Cf Californium 98 Es Einsteinium 99 Fm Fermium 100 Md Mendelevium 101 No Nobelium 102 Lr Lawrencium 103 1 H Hydrogen 1 7 Li Lithium 3 23 Na Sodium 11 24 Mg Magnesium 12 40 Ca Calcium 20 45 Sc Scandium 21 48 Ti Titanium 22 51 V Vanadium 23 52 Cr Chromium 24 55 Mn Manganese 25 56 Fe Iron 26 59 Co Cobalt 27 59 Ni Nickel 28 64 Cu Copper 29 65 Zn Zinc 30 70 Ga Gallium 31 27 Al Aluminium 13 11 B Boron 5 12 C Carbon 6 14 N Nitrogen 7 16 O Oxygen 8 19 F Fluorine 9 28 Si Silicon 14 31 P Phosphorus 15 32 S Sulphur 16 35.5 Cl Chlorine 17 40 Ar Argon 18 20 Ne Neon 10 4 He Helium 2 73 Ge Germanium 32 75 As Arsenic 33 79 Se Selenium 34 80 Br Bromine 35 84 Kr Krypton 36 39 K Potassium 19 88 Sr Strontium 38 89 Y Yttrium 39 91 Zr Zirconium 40 93 Nb Niobium 41 96 Mo Molybdenum 42 Tc Technetium 43 101 Ru Ruthenium 44 103 Rh Rhodium 45 106 Pd Palladium 46 108 Ag Silver 47 112 Cd Cadmium 48 115 In Indium 49 119 Sn Tin 50 122 Sb Antimony 51 128 Te Tellurium 52 127 I Iodine 53 131 Xe Xenon 54 137 Ba Barium 56 139 La Lanthanum 57 * 178 Hf Hafnium 72 181 Ta Tantalum 73 184 W Tungsten 74 186 Re Rhenium 75 190 Os Osmium 76 192 Ir Iridium 77 195 Pt Platinum 78 197 Au Gold 79 201 Hg Mercury 80 204 Tl Thallium 81 207 Pb Lead 82 209 Bi Bismuth 83 Po Polonium 84 At Astatine 85 Rn Radon 86 Fr Francium 87 227 Ac Actinium 89 9 Be Beryllium 4 I II III IV V VI VII 0 85 Rb Rubidium 37 133 Cs Caesium 55 226 Ra Radium 88 The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.). a X b a = relative atomic mass X = atomic symbol b = proton (atomic) number Key *58-71 Lanthanoid series 90-103 Actinoid series DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the November 2005 question paper 0653/03 COMBINED SCIENCES 0653/03 Paper 3, maximum 80 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and students, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were initially instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began. Any substantial changes to the mark scheme that arose from these discussions will be recorded in the published Report on the Examination. All Examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in candidates’ scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills demonstrated. Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the Report on the Examination. The minimum marks in these components needed for various grades were previously published with these mark schemes, but are now instead included in the Report on the Examination for this session. • CIE will not enter into discussion or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes. CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the November 2005 question papers for most IGCSE and GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses. www.XtremePapers.com

Page 1 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE Examinations – November 2005 0653 3 © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 1 (a) (i) R P Q; [1] (ii) add excess copper carbonate/solid remains on bottom of beaker/no more gas produced/reference to pH 7/reference to temperature no longer rises; [1] (iii) separate excess, copper carbonate/solid, from mixture or reference to need for purity of copper sulphate crystals; [1] (iv) H2SO4 CO2 H2O; ; [all three for 2 any two for 1] [2] (b) (i) gas evolved/bubbles; [1] (ii) move towards cathode/negative electrode; attraction between opposite charges; ions gain electrons; (discharged by gaining) two electrons; max [3] Total [9] 2 (a) (i) use Geiger counter/Geiger Muller tube; measure count rate/second; the most effective has the lowest count rate; [3] (ii) alpha shown attracted to negative plate - it is positive; beta shown attracted to positive plate - it is negative; gamma continues straight - it is neutral/uncharged; [3] (b) (i) causes electrons to be lost from atoms; [1] (ii) alpha is more ionizing; will be able to cause more damage to, cells/DNA/organs; [2] (c) splitting; of nucleus; [2] Total [11]

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE Examinations – November 2005 0653 3 © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 3 (a) (i) automatic response; to a stimulus; [2] (ii) faster; [1] (b) (i) to stop it, spoiling/going bad or to keep it fresh; reactions/metabolism/enzymes, work faster at higher temperatures; [2] (ii) it increases it; because it adds red cells (to the person’s blood) red cells contain haemoglobin; max [2] (iii) more haemoglobin means more oxygen can be carried; so cells get more oxygen; cells can respire faster; cells/muscles, get more energy; cyclist can, cycle faster/cycle (quickly) for longer; max [3] Total [10] 4 (a) 30 35 30 8 8 8 ; ; one mark for each row [2] (b) Zn2+; reference to the need for charge balance; (reject vague “criss crosses”) [2] (c) (i) (metal) displacement/redox; [1] (ii) Tube B – zinc less reactive than magnesium so no reaction; Tube C – zinc more reactive than copper so reaction occurs; producing copper/the brown solid is copper; [3] (iii) lead; [1] Total [9]

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE Examinations – November 2005 0653 3 © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 5 (a) (i) not a complete circuit; [1] (ii) 8 Ω; [1] (iii) 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 = 1/2; R = 2 Ω; [2] (b) (i) current goes forwards and backwards; [1] (ii) transformers need a.c.; increase voltage to reduce energy losses; [2] Total [7] 6 (a) (i) line or arrow through stoma and air space to X; [1] (ii) it has chloroplasts; which absorb sunlight; it is close to the (upper) surface of the leaf; so gets more sunlight; max [2] (b) other parent is aa; gametes are A and a from first parent, all a from second parent; offspring are half Aa and half aa; half have the substance and half do not; max [3] (c) arrow from plants to air labelled respiration; arrow from decomposers to air labelled, respiration/decomposition; [2] Total [8]

Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE Examinations – November 2005 0653 3 © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 7 (a) fractional distillation; both words required [1] (b) (i) transition metals have catalytic properties/owtte; [1] (ii) reaction rate is higher at higher temperature; [1] (c) (i) 2NO + 2CO → N2 + 2CO2 [1] (ii) reference to reaction between oxygen and the fuel; incomplete combustion; [2] (iii) both oxidation and reduction occur at the same time; CO is oxidised/gains oxygen; NO is reduced/loses oxygen; max [2] (iv) correctly drawn shared electrons; each atom has correct number of electrons; [2] Total [10]

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE Examinations – November 2005 0653 3 © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 8 (a) (i) line is horizontal; [1] (ii) B to C because speed is increasing/line goes up; [1] (iii) 375 mm; working; [2] (b) (i) 4 cm; [1] (ii) rays extended backwards until they meet; position of image clearly shown; [2] (iii) cannot be projected onto a screen; [1] Total [8] position of image

Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE Examinations – November 2005 0653 3 © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 9 (a) (i) A urethra; C sperm tube/sperm duct/vas deferens; [2] (ii) B stores urine; D makes sperm; [2] (b) (i) 1 asexual has one parent/sexual may have one or two; 2 asexual all offspring are identical/sexual they are different; 3 genetically identical/genetically different; 4 sexual involves, gametes/fertilisation, or asexual does not; max [2] (ii) if parent is well suited to environment; then offspring are also well suited; only one parent needed; so can reproduce even if no others nearby/words to that effect; offspring produced around parent (plant); so can cover large area/stop other plants growing near; max [2] Total [8]