Cambridge IGCSE Geography 0460 — 2009 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 1

This document consists of 14 printed pages, 2 blank pages and 1 Insert. DC (SM/CGW) 13988/6 © UCLES 2009 [Turn over UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces provided. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. The Insert contains Photograph A for Question 3. Sketch maps and diagrams should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The Survey Map Extract and the Insert are not required by the Examiner. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. * 6 5 8 0 4 0 6 0 7 8 * GEOGRAPHY 0460/02 Paper 2 October/November 2009 1 hour 30 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. Additional Materials: Ruler Protractor Plain paper 1:25 000 Survey Map Extract is enclosed with this Question Paper. For Examiner’s Use Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Total www.XtremePapers.com

For Examiner’s Use 0460/02/O/N/09 © UCLES 2009 1 The map extract is for the area around Vernon Hill, Mauritius. The scale is 1:25 000. (a) Fig. 1 shows the position of some features in the south west part of the map extract. Study the map extract and Fig. 1 and answer the questions on the opposite page. 80 79 78 77 76 80 79 78 77 76 06 07 08 09 06 07 08 09 F A B D E C Fig. 1 2

3 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use © UCLES 2009 0460/02/O/N/09 Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1: (i) feature A (063785); …[1] (ii) the named or public building at B (072778); …[1] (iii) the features labelled C (0676); …[1] (iv) feature D (086793); …[1] (v) the name of river E (0879); …[1] (vi) two types of land use/vegetation in area F (0679). 1 … 2 …[2]

4 For Examiner’s Use 0460/02/O/N/09 © UCLES 2009 (b) Fig. 2 is a cross section drawn along northing 79 from 090790 to 120790. 100 height (metres) height (metres) 090790 120790 200 300 River Terre Glaise 100 200 300 Fig. 2 On Fig. 2, using labelled arrows, mark the positions of: (i) the Feeder Tibere River; (ii) the B83 road; (iii) the east facing slope of Vernon Hill. [3] (c) Look at the straight section of the B7 road from the junction with the main A road at New Grove (093763) to the start of the bend at 111775. (i) Measure the distance of this straight section of road. Give your answer in metres. … metres [1] (ii) Measure the bearing from grid north of this straight section of road from the junction with the main A road at New Grove. … degrees [1] (d) State the six figure grid reference for the village hall at Cluny in the north of the map extract. …[1]

5 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use © UCLES 2009 (e) Look at the River La Chaux which flows past the settlement of Rose Belle to the eastern edge of the map extract. Describe the physical features of the river. … … … … … … … … … …[4] (f) In the area shown by the map extract, there are large areas of scrub/scattered trees and large areas of sugar plantation. Describe the relief of these areas. Relief of areas with scrub/scattered trees … … … … … … Relief of areas with sugar plantation … … … … … …[3] [Total: 20 marks] 0460/02/O/N/09

6 For Examiner’s Use 0460/02/O/N/09 © UCLES 2009 2 Table 1 shows information about the population and services of some settlements near Cambridge. Use Table 1 to answer the questions which follow. Table 1 Name of settlement Population Number of small shops Number of larger shops Number of primary schools Number of doctor’s surgeries Coates 1 000 1 0 1 0 Friday Bridge 1 370 1 0 1 0 Elm 1 650 2 0 1 0 Wimblington 1 780 2 3 1 0 Leverington 1 790 1 0 1 0 Manea 1 810 2 0 1 1 Doddington 2 000 3 1 1 1 Chatteris 9 480 24 12 2 1 Whittlesey 12 690 44 14 3 2 March 19 150 67 14 5 3 Wisbech 20 500 13 117 7 3 (a) How many primary schools are there in Chatteris? …[1] (b) Which two services are found in settlements with a population of less than 1 500? Tick only two boxes. Service small shops larger shops primary schools doctors’ surgeries Tick [1] (c) Using the information in Table 1 only, suggest the minimum population needed for a settlement to have a doctor’s surgery. …[1] (d) Which settlement is highest in the hierarchy? Give one piece of evidence to support your answer. Name of settlement … Evidence … … …[2]

7 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use © UCLES 2009 0460/02/O/N/09 (e) Fig. 3 shows the population and number of small shops in some of the settlements. 0 5 000 20 0 40 number of small shops 60 80 10 000 population 15 000 20 000 March Whittlesey Chatteris Coates Fig. 3 (i) What name is given to this type of graph? Tick one box. Type of graph line graph scatter graph bar graph Tick [1] (ii) Which one of the following statements about Fig. 3 is correct? Tick the correct statement. Statement Tick There is a negative (inverse) relationship between population and number of small shops. There is a positive relationship between population and number of small shops. There is no clear relationship between population and number of small shops. [1] (iii) Using information from Table 1, plot the position of Doddington on Fig. 3. [1] [Total: 8 marks]

9 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use © UCLES 2009 0460/02/O/N/09 3 Study Photograph A (Insert). (a) Describe the physical features of the area shown in the photograph. … … … … … … … …[4] (b) It is planned to build a dam in the area in order to provide a water supply for an urban area. Using evidence from the photograph, suggest two advantages and two disadvantages of the area for this purpose. Advantages 1 … … 2 … … Disadvantages 1 … … 2 … …[4] [Total: 8 marks]

10 For Examiner’s Use 0460/02/O/N/09 © UCLES 2009 4 (a) Table 2 shows some of the inputs of farming. Complete Table 2 to show the natural inputs and the human inputs. Use one tick for each row. Table 2 natural input human input Example: relief 3 capital (money) machinery rainfall soil transport [2] (b) Fig. 4 shows the rainfall and types of farming in part of Argentina and Uruguay, South America. Study Fig. 4 and answer the questions on the opposite page. Montevideo coffee city wheat farming types Key sheep fruit & dairying cattle ranching 0 200 km Atlantic Ocean N Buenos Aires Bahia Blanca La Plata Rosario Fray Bentos 1000 750 500 1250 1500 500 rainfall (mm) Fig. 4

11 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use © UCLES 2009 0460/02/O/N/09 (i) Which one of the farming types occurs: in the wettest areas; … in the driest areas; … nearest to urban markets? …[3] (ii) The cattle ranching shown on Fig. 4 is an example of extensive commercial farming. Describe the following features of this type of farming. Farm size … … Capital input per hectare … … Output per farm worker … …[3] [Total: 8 marks]

12 For Examiner’s Use 0460/02/O/N/09 © UCLES 2009 5 Fig. 5 shows the features of a coastal area. sea river estuary X N 0 1 km Key prevailing wind wildlife conservation area town sand & shingle marsh new bridge main roads new road Fig. 5

13 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use © UCLES 2009 0460/02/O/N/09 (a) It is proposed to build a bridge and new road to cross the river estuary shown on Fig. 5. Describe two advantages and two disadvantages of the planned route. Advantages 1 … … 2 … … Disadvantages 1 … … 2 … …[4] (b) (i) Name feature X shown on Fig. 5. …[1] (ii) Explain how feature X may have formed. You may add labels to Fig. 5. … … … … … … … …[3] [Total: 8 marks]

14 For Examiner’s Use 0460/02/O/N/09 © UCLES 2009 6 Fig. 6 gives information about the Western Cape, an important tourist destination in South Africa. Western Cape, South Africa Western Cape This area of outstanding beauty is in the south west corner of South Africa. South Africa’s legislative capital, Cape Town, is situated at the foot of Table Mountain. About an hour’s drive away from Cape Town is the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve, with many plants and animals. Part of the coast is known as the Garden Route because of the forest which used to line the coast. Mossel Bay was one of the first harbours visited by European sailors and has an excellent museum. Wilderness is a resort between the trees and lakes of the Wilderness Natural Reserve, an excellent place for bird watching and canoeing. As well as the Garden Route, popular guided tours include Simonstown (a Victorian town with the only penguin colony in mainland Africa), Groot Constantia (one of the first wine farms in the Cape) and the outlying townships of Crossroads and Khayelitsha. It may not be safe for tourists to visit these last two areas on their own. For energetic tourists, it is possible to walk or hike to the top of Table Mountain and Chapman’s Peak, both of which have spectacular views. Fig. 6 (a) Using information from Fig. 6 only, for each of the following tourist attractions, name one location in the Western Cape where it is found: (i) guided tours; …[1] (ii) history or culture. …[1]

15 For Examiner’s Use © UCLES 2009 0460/02/O/N/09 (b) (i) Which places named in Fig. 6 may not be safe for tourists to visit on their own? …[1] (ii) Suggest one reason why this might be so. … …[1] (c) Table 3 gives information about the climate of the Western Cape. Table 3 month J F M A M J J A S O N D rainfall (mm) 16 15 22 50 92 105 91 83 54 40 24 19 average temperature (°C) 22 22 20 17 15 12 12 13 14 16 18 20 sunshine (hours/day) 11 11 9 7 6 6 6 6 7 9 10 11 humidity (%) 73 74 77 81 78 80 84 82 80 77 74 72 Using the information from Fig. 6 and Table 3 only, give four advantages of the Western Cape for outdoor tourism. 1 … 2 … 3 … 4 …[4] [Total: 8 marks]

16 0460/02/O/N/09 BLANK PAGE Copyright Acknowledgements: Question 3 Photograph A D. A. Kelly © UCLES. Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2009 question paper for the guidance of teachers 0460 GEOGRAPHY 0460/02 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 60 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the examination. • CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes. CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2009 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses. www.XtremePapers.com

Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0460 02 © UCLES 2009 1 (a) (i) dam, [1] (ii) (sugar) factory, (S Fcty = 0) [1] (iii) cane tracks, [1] (iv) bridge, [1] (v) (River) Mapou, (allow slight variation in spelling if clear, e.g. Manou) [1] (vi) sugar, riverine trees, If more than one answer is given, credit the first point only. [2] (b) 3 correctly labelled arrows or other clear method of location. [3] (i) between 57 mm and 60 mm from 090790 (ii) between 83 mm and 87 mm from 090790 (iii) between tolerance shown on diagram, i.e. anywhere on east facing slope Labels may be shown using words or question number. Points should be within 6 mm of topographic profile, otherwise max 1. (c) (i) 2200–2250, [1] (ii) 54–56, [1] (d) 082808/9, (tolerance on sixth figure only) [1]

Page 3 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0460 02 © UCLES 2009 (e) meanders/bends/winds, narrow, steep gradient, (fast flow = 0) lakes, (allow if given as ox bow lake) braiding/islands/splits and rejoins, tributary/ies, waterfalls, (waterfalls and/or rapids = 0) wider in east/located, (wider downstream = 0) [4] (f) Scrub: steep, (cliffs = 0) Sugar: gentle/flat qualified, high/hills/mountains/ lower, Vernon Hill/above 150 m, valleys, Reserve 1 mark for each. For each line, allow comparative statements once only e.g. higher and lower = 1 [3] 2 (a) 2, [1] (b) small shops and primary schools, Both needed. More than two ticks = 0. [1] (c) 1791–1810, (any figure within this range) [1] (d) Wisbech, = 1 greatest/greater population, most/more (bigger) shops, most/more primary schools, most/more services/functions, = 1 Must be “most/more” not just “high number” etc. [2] (e) (i) scatter graph, [1] (ii) positive relationship, [1] (iii) Correct position of Doddington, Must be labelled. [1]

Page 4 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0460 02 © UCLES 2009 3 (a) upland/high/hilly/mountains, U-shape/concave slopes, (valley alone = 0) flat floor/flat flood plain, straight valley, wide valley floor, steep sides/steep slopes, cliffs/crags/bare rock, grass, spurs, (but interlocking spurs = 0) trees qualified, (e.g. mostly in background, few, deciduous, but scattered = 0) small/meandering river/stream, (river alone = 0) [4] (b) valley/slopes to contain water/water storage, valley/slopes to provide a good dam site, hills/steep slopes for runoff, sparse population/uninhabited, poor farmland, [2] loss of agricultural land, loss of habitats, loss of beauty/aesthetic reasons/visual pollution, remoteness (from urban area)/transport costs to market, small size of river, tourism = 0 In each section mark best two points not first two points. [2] N.B. HEP = 0

Page 5 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0460 02 © UCLES 2009 4 (a) natural input human input capital
machinery
rainfall
soil
transport
5 correct = 2 3/4 correct = 1 [2] (b) (i) coffee, sheep, fruit and dairying, [3] (ii) large farm size, low capital input per hectare, (“not much” = 0) high output per farm worker, Allow comparative statements if given. Also allow large/low/high etc. if qualified, e.g. quite… [3] 5 (a) shorter/faster/lower fuel costs, (easier = 0) by passes town/removes traffic from town/avoid congestion in town/avoid noise or air pollution in town, cost of construction, adverse effect on conservation area, aesthetic reasons/visual pollution, hazard to navigation in river/estuary, problems in high winds, (but not bridge destroyed) loss of trade in town, 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages [4] (b) (i) spit, [1] (ii) onshore winds/winds oblique to coast, (NW alone = 0) swash/waves oblique to coast, backwash straight down beach, movement of material along coast/longshore drift, deposition/accumulation of sediment, (deposition) at bend in coast/at estuary/sheltered area, theories of hooked end, Mark written labels on Fig. 5 as text. Apart from first point, all the rest refer to the action of the sea, not wind or the river. [3]

Page 6 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0460 02 © UCLES 2009 6 (a) (i) Garden Route, Simonstown, Groot Constantia, Crossroads, Khayelitsha, [1] (ii) Mossel Bay, Groot Constantia, Simonstown, [1] In (i) and (ii) if more than one given mark the first answer. (b) (i) Crossroads and Khayelitsha, (both needed) [1] (ii) crime, hostility/jealousy/conflict/ill-feeing with local people, easy to get lost in settlement, [1] (c) beauty/scenery/good views, plants/animals/birds/Nature Reserve, mountains for walking/hiking, lakes for canoeing, low rainfall/dry in summer/named months between October to March/start and end of the year, high temperatures/warm/hot in summer/named months between November to March/start and end of the year, not too hot (to be oppressive), sunny (could be expressed as all year or part of year), Figures alone = 0 No reserved marks. [4]