Cambridge A Level Physics 9702 — 2002 Oct/Nov Paper 1 · Variant 1

TIME 1 hour INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so. Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the answer sheet in the spaces provided unless this has already been done for you. There are forty questions in this paper. Answer all questions. For each question, there are four possible answers, A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate answer sheet. Read very carefully the instructions on the answer sheet. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet. CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level PHYSICS 9702/1 PAPER 1 Multiple Choice OCTOBER/NOVEMBER SESSION 2002 1 hour Candidates answer on the question paper. Additional materials: Multiple Choice answer sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (Type B or HB is recommended) This question paper consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page. SPA (CW/CG) S21713/3 © CIE 2002 [Turn over

2 Data speed of light in free space, c = 3.00 × 108 m s–1 permeability of free space,
0 = 4 × 10–7 H m–1 permittivity of free space, 0 = 8.85 × 10–12 F m–1 elementary charge, e = 1.60 × 10–19 C the Planck constant, h = 6.63 × 10–34 J s unified atomic mass constant, u = 1.66 × 10–27 kg rest mass of electron, me = 9.11 × 10–31 kg rest mass of proton, mp = 1.67 × 10–27 kg molar gas constant, R = 8.31 J K–1 mol–1 the Avogadro constant, NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1 the Boltzmann constant, k = 1.38 × 10–23 J K–1 gravitational constant, G = 6.67 × 10–11 N m2 kg–2 acceleration of free fall, g = 9.81 m s–2 9702/1/O/N/02

3 Formulae uniformly accelerated motion, s = ut +
 at 2 v2 = u2 + 2as work done on/by a gas, W = pV gravitational potential, φ = – simple harmonic motion, a = –
2x velocity of particle in s.h.m., v = v0 cos
t v = ±
√(x2 0 – x2) resistors in series, R = R1 + R2 + . . . resistors in parallel, 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + . . . electric potential, V = capacitors in series, 1/C = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + . . . capacitors in parallel, C = C1 + C2 + . . . energy of charged capacitor, W =
 QV alternating current/voltage, x = x0 sin
t hydrostatic pressure, p = qgh pressure of an ideal gas, p =
 <c2> radioactive decay, x = x0 exp(– t) decay constant,  = critical density of matter in the Universe, q0 = equation of continuity, Av = constant Bernoulli equation (simplified), p1 +
 qv2 1 = p2 +
 qv2 2 Stokes’ law, F = Arv Reynolds’ number, Re = drag force in turbulent flow, F = Br2qv2 qvr  3H0 2 8G 0.693 t
 Nm V Q 40r Gm r 9702/1/O/N/02 [Turn over

4 9702/1/O/N/02 1 The prefix ‘centi’ indicates x 10–2. That is, 1 centimetre is equal to 1 × 10–2 metre. Which line in the table correctly indicates the prefixes micro, nano and pico? 2 A particle is moving in a straight line with uniform acceleration. Which graph represents the motion of the particle? 3 A pendulum bob is held stationary by a horizontal force H. The three forces acting on the bob are shown in the diagram. The tension in the string of the pendulum is T. The weight of the pendulum bob is W. Which statement is correct? A H = T cos30° B T= H sin30° C W = T cos30° D W = T sin30° 30° H T W distance time A 0 0 velocity time B 0 0 velocity time C 0 0 acceleration time D 0 0 ×10–12 ×10–9 ×10–6 A nano micro pico B micro pico nano C pico nano micro D pico micro nano

5 9702/1/O/N/02 4 What is meant by the weight of an object? A the gravitational field acting on the object B the gravitational force acting on the object C the mass of the object multiplied by gravity D the object’s mass multiplied by its acceleration 5 A student carries out a series of determinations of the acceleration of free fall g. The table shows the results. What can be said about this experiment? A It is accurate and precise. B It is accurate but not precise. C It is not accurate and not precise. D It is not accurate but is precise. [Turn over g/ms –2 4.91 4.89 4.88 4.90 4.93 4.92

6 9702/1/O/N/02 6 A quantity X is measured many times. A graph is plotted showing the number n of times a particular value of X is obtained. X has a true value X 0. Which graph could be obtained if the measurement of X has a large systematic error but a small random error? 7 The diagram shows a square-wave trace on the screen of a cathode-ray oscilloscope. A grid of 1 cm squares covers the screen. The time-base setting is 10 ms cm–1. What is the approximate frequency of the square-wave? A 70 Hz B 140 Hz C 280 Hz D 1400 Hz C D B A n n 0 X 0 X 0 X X 0 0 0 n X 0 X 0 0 n X 0 X 0 0

7 9702/1/O/N/02 8 A projectile is launched at point O and follows the path OPQRS, as shown. Air resistance may be neglected. Which statement is true for the projectile when it is at the highest point Q of its path? A The horizontal component of the projectile’s acceleration is zero. B The horizontal component of the projectile’s velocity is zero. C The kinetic energy of the projectile is zero. D The momentum of the projectile is zero. 9 Two markers M1 and M2 are set up a vertical distance h apart. When a steel ball is released from rest from a point a distance x above M1, it is found that the ball takes time t1 to reach M1 and time t2 to reach M2. Which expression gives the acceleration of the ball? A B C D 2h –––––– (t2 2 – t1 2) 2h –––––– (t2 – t1)2 2h ––––– (t2 + t1) 2h –– t2 2 time zero time t 1 steel ball time t 2 M1 h x M 2 P Q O S R [Turn over

8 9702/1/O/N/02 10 A body falls from rest in a vacuum near the Earth’s surface. The variation with time t of its speed v is shown below. Which graph shows the variation with time t of the speed v of the same ball falling in air at the same place on Earth? 0 A v t 0 0 B v t 0 0 D v t 0 0 C v t 0 0 v t 0

9 9702/1/O/N/02 11 Two spheres A and B approach each other along the same straight line with speeds uA and uB. The spheres collide and move off with speeds vA and vB, both in the same direction as the initial direction of sphere A, as shown below. Which equation applies to an elastic collision? A uA + uB = vB – vA B uA – uB = vB – vA C uA – uB = vB + vA D uA + uB = vB + vA 12 Two equal masses travel towards each other on a frictionless air track at speeds of 60 cm s–1 and 30 cm s–1. They stick together on impact. What is the speed of the masses after impact? A 15 cm s–1 B 20 cm s–1 C 30 cm s–1 D 45 cm s–1 13 Which of the following pairs of forces, acting on a circular object, constitutes a couple? A F F F F F F 2F 2F D B C 60 cm s–1 30 cm s–1 A before collision after collision B uA uB vA vB [Turn over

10 9702/1/O/N/02 14 A uniform metre rule of mass 100 g is supported by a knife-edge at the 40 cm mark and a string at the 100 cm mark. The string passes round a frictionless pulley and carries a mass of 20 g as shown in the diagram. At which mark on the rule must a 50 g mass be suspended so that the rule balances? A 4 cm B 36 cm C 44 cm D 96 cm 15 The diagrams represent systems of coplanar forces acting at a point. The lengths of the force vectors represent the magnitudes of the forces. Which system of forces is in equilibrium? 16 Which of the following is an expression for power? A energy x time B force x displacement C force x velocity D mass x velocity A B C D 0 20 40 60 80 100 20 g

11 9702/1/O/N/02 17 A car driver adjusts the pressure on a car’s brakes so that the car travels at constant speed down a hill from P to Q. The magnitude of the change in the car’s kinetic energy is ∆Ek. The magnitude of the change in its gravitational potential energy is ∆Ep. Which statement is correct? A ∆Ek > ∆Ep B ∆Ek = ∆Ep C ∆Ep > ∆Ek > 0 D ∆Ek = 0 18 An area of land is an average of 2.0 m below sea level. To prevent flooding, pumps are used to lift rainwater up to sea level. What is the minimum pump output power required to deal with 1.3 × 109 kg of rain per day? A 15 kW B 30 kW C 150 kW D 300 kW 19 A twig from a tree drops from a 200 m high cliff on to a beach below. During its fall, 40% of the twig’s energy is converted into thermal energy. What is the speed with which the twig hits the beach? A 35 m s–1 B 40 m s–1 C 49 m s–1 D 63 m s–1 20 Pollen grains are suspended in a liquid and are illuminated strongly. When observed under a microscope they are seen to be in continuous random motion. What is the reason for this? A convection currents in the liquid B evaporation of the liquid C molecules of the liquid colliding with the pollen grains D pollen grains colliding with each other P Q [Turn over

12 9702/1/O/N/02 21 At a depth of 20 cm in a liquid of density 1800 kg m–3, the pressure due to the liquid is p. Another liquid has a density of 1200 kg m–3. What is the pressure due to this liquid at a depth of 60 cm? A B C 2p D 3p 22 Which line in the table gives approximate ratios of density and molecular spacing for a substance in its solid, liquid and gas phases? 23 The variation of the extension x of a spring with applied force F is shown. Which shaded area represents the work done when the extension is increased from x1 to x2? F A B C D x x1 x2 x1 x2 x1 x1 x2 x2 0 0 F F 0 x 0 F 0 x 0 00 x F x 0 0 3p –– 2 p–2 density molecular spacing solid : liquid : gas solid : liquid : gas A 1000 : 1000 : 1 1 : 1 : 10 B 1000 : 100 : 1 1 : 10 : 1000 C 1000 : 1000 : 1 1 : 1 : 1000 D 1000 : 100 : 1 1 : 10 : 100

13 9702/1/O/N/02 24 Two springs P and Q both obey Hooke’s law. They have spring constants 2k and k respectively. The springs are stretched, separately, by a force that is gradually increased from zero up to a certain maximum value, the same for each spring. The work done in stretching spring P is WP, and the work done in stretching spring Q is WQ. How is WP related to WQ? A WP =
 WQ B WP =
 WQ C WP = 2WQ D WP = 4WQ 25 Which value is a possible wavelength for radiation in the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum? A 3 ×10–2m B 3 ×10–5m C 3 ×10–8m D 3 ×10–10m 26 The four graphs represent a progressive wave on a stretched string. Graphs A and B show how the displacement d varies with distance x along the string at one instant. Graphs C and D show how the displacement d varies with time t at a particular value of x. The labels on the graphs are intended to show the wavelength λ, the period T, and the amplitude a of the wave, but only one graph is correctly labelled. Which graph is correctly labelled? 0 0 0 0 T A B D C a a a a T t t λ λ d 0 0 d d 0 0 d x x [Turn over

14 9702/1/O/N/02 27 A wave of amplitude a has an intensity of 3.0 Wm–2. What is the intensity of a wave of the same frequency that has an amplitude 2a? A 4.2 Wm–2 B 6.0 Wm–2 C 9.0 Wm–2 D 12 Wm–2 28 Coherent monochromatic light illuminates two narrow parallel slits and the interference pattern that results is observed on a screen some distance beyond the slits. Which change increases the separation between the dark lines of the interference pattern? A using monochromatic light of higher frequency B using monochromatic light of a longer wavelength C decreasing the distance between the screen and the slits D increasing the distance between the slits 29 Monochromatic light of wavelength 590 nm is incident normally on a diffraction grating. The angle between the two second-order diffracted beams is 43°. What is the spacing of the lines on the grating? A 0.87 µm B 1.6 µm C 1.7 µm D 3.2 µm 30 Which equation is used to define resistance? A power = (current)2 × resistance B resistivity = resistance × area ÷ length C potential difference = current × resistance D energy = (current)2 × resistance × time

15 9702/1/O/N/02 31 The graph shows how the current through a lamp filament varies with the potential difference across it. Which statement explains the shape of this graph? A As the filament temperature rises, electrons can pass more easily through the filament. B It takes time for the filament to reach its working temperature. C The power output of the filament is proportional to the square of the current through it. D The resistance of the filament increases with a rise in temperature. 00 p.d. current [Turn over

16 9702/1/O/N/02 32 The variation with potential difference V of the current I in a semiconductor diode is shown below. What is the resistance of the diode for applied potential differences of +1.0 V and –1.0 V? 0 0 -1.0 -50 1.0 2.0 I / mA 50 -2.0 V/V resistance at +1.0 V at –1.0 V A 20 Ω infinite B 20 Ω zero C 0.05 Ω infinite D 0.05 Ω zero

17 9702/1/O/N/02 33 At a circuit junction, a current I divides into currents I1, I2 and I3. These currents are related by the equation I = I1 + I2 + I3. Which law does this statement illustrate and on what principle is the law based? A Kirchhoff’s first law based on conservation of charge B Kirchhoff’s first law based on conservation of energy C Kirchhoff’s second law based on conservation of charge D Kirchhoff’s second law based on conservation of energy 34 The combined resistance RT of two resistors of resistances R1 and R2 connected in parallel is given by the formula = + Which statement is used in the derivation of this formula? A The currents through the two resistors are equal. B The potential difference across each resistor is the same. C The supply current is split between the two resistors in the same ratio as the ratio of their resistances. D The total power dissipated is the sum of the powers dissipated in the two resistors separately. 1 –– R2 1 –– R1 1 –– RT I I1 I2 I3 [Turn over

18 9702/1/O/N/02 35 In the potentiometer circuit below, the moveable contact is placed at N on the bare wire XY, such that the galvanometer shows zero deflection. The resistance of the variable resistor is now increased. What is the effect of this increase on the potential difference across the wire XY and on the position of the moveable contact for zero deflection? 36 Six resistors, each of resistance 5 Ω, are connected to a 2 V cell of negligible internal resistance. What is the potential difference between terminals X and Y? A  V B  V C  V D 2 V 5 Ω 5 Ω 5 Ω 5 Ω 2 V X Y 5 Ω 5 Ω N Y X potential difference across XY position of moveable contact A increases nearer to X B increases nearer to Y C decreases nearer to X D decreases nearer to Y

19 9702/1/O/N/02 37 Which diagram shows the electric field pattern of an isolated negative point charge? 38 The numbers of protons, neutrons and nucleons in three nuclei are shown. Which nuclei are isotopes of the same element? A X and Y B X and Z C Y and Z D none of them 39 In an experiment to investigate the nature of the atom, a very thin gold film was bombarded with α-particles. What pattern of deflection of the α-particles was observed? A A few α-particles were deflected through angles greater than a right angle. B All α-particles were deflected from their original path. C Most α-particles were deflected through angles greater than a right angle. D No α-particle was deflected through an angle greater than a right angle. 40 When a nucleus of 238 92U absorbs a slow neutron it subsequently emits two β-particles. What is the resulting nucleus? A 240 93Np B 240 91Pa C 239 94Pu D 239 90Th – – – – B A C D nucleus number of number of number of protons neutrons nucleons X 15 16 31 Y 15 17 32 Z 16 16 32