Cambridge IGCSE Latin 0480 — 2018 May/June Paper 2 · Variant 1

1 Read the following passage and answer the questions: Aeneas instat contra telumque coruscat 1 ingens arboreum, et saevo sic pectore fatur: 2 ‘quae nunc deinde mora est? aut quid iam, Turne, retractas? 3 non cursu, saevis certandum est comminus armis. 4 verte omnes tete in facies et contrahe quidquid 5 sive animis sive arte vales; opta ardua pennis 6 astra sequi clausumque cava te condere terra.’ 7 ille caput quassans: ‘non me tua fervida terrent 8 dicta, ferox; di me terrent et Iuppiter hostis.’ 9 nec plura effatus saxum circumspicit ingens, 10 saxum antiquum ingens, campo quod forte iacebat, 11 limes agro positus litem ut discerneret arvis. 12 vix illud lecti bis sex cervice subirent, 13 qualia nunc hominum producit corpora tellus; 14 ille manu raptum trepida torquebat in hostem 15 altior insurgens et cursu concitus heros. 16 (Virgil, Aeneid 12. 887–902) (a) Translate lines 1–4 (Aeneas instat … comminus armis). [5] (b) verte omnes … condere terra (lines 5–7): in these lines Aeneas is suggesting that Turnus will not win, whatever he does. Give three examples of what Aeneas says Turnus might do. [3] (c) ille caput … circumspicit ingens (lines 8–10): how does Virgil make Turnus appear heroic in these lines? [3] (d) saxum antiquum … corpora tellus (lines 11–14): what made this saxum special? Make two points. [2] (e) ille manu … concitus heros (lines 15–16): explain one way in which Virgil makes these lines vivid, quoting the relevant Latin in your answer. [2]

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) Award up to 5 marks for performance using the grid below. 5 Mark Performance description 5 Perfectly accurate 4 Overall sense correct: minor error(s) (e.g. tense, number) 3 Some sense with major errors 2 Part correct: overall sense lacking/unclear 1 Not coherent: isolated knowledge of vocabulary only 0 Totally incorrect or omitted Specimen translation (This is one possible translation of the passage. Examiners will credit all acceptable variants.) Aeneas pressed on, brandishing his great tree-like spear, and, angered at heart, he cried out in this way: ‘Why now yet more delay? Why do you still retreat, Turnus? We must compete hand to hand with fierce weapons, not by running.’ 1(b) change his appearance (1) summon up all his bravery and skill (1) fly (1) 3 follow the stars to heaven (1) hide in a hole (1) max 3 1(c) shakes his head defiantly (1) says he’s not scared of Aeneas (1) but (as 3 heroes do) fears the gods (1) fears having Jupiter as an enemy (1) doesn’t waste words (1) looks around for a weapon (1) max 3 1(d) It was ancient (1) huge (1) it was a field boundary marker (1) it would take 2 12 men to pick it up (1) max 2 1(e) manu « trepida (1) vivid depiction of effort (1) 2 torquebat (1) vivid motion verb (1) altior insurgens (1) builds up tension (1) retardation of heros (1) alliteration in both lines (1) trepida torquebat / cursu concitus (1) repetition of harsh t and c sounds (1) represents violent fighting (1) max 2

2 Read the following passage and answer the questions: ‘vicisti et victum tendere palmas 1 Ausonii videre; tua est Lavinia coniunx, 2 ulterius ne tende odiis.’ stetit acer in armis 3 Aeneas volvens oculos dextramque repressit; 4 et iam iamque magis cunctantem flectere sermo 5 coeperat, infelix umero cum apparuit alto 6 balteus et notis fulserunt cingula bullis 7 Pallantis pueri, victum quem vulnere Turnus 8 straverat atque umeris inimicum insigne gerebat. 9 ille, oculis postquam saevi monimenta doloris 10 exuviasque hausit, furiis accensus et ira 11 terribilis: ‘tune hinc spoliis indute meorum 12 eripiare mihi? Pallas te hoc vulnere, Pallas 13 immolat et poenam scelerato ex sanguine sumit.’ 14 hoc dicens ferrum adverso sub pectore condit 15 fervidus; ast illi solvuntur frigore membra 16 vitaque cum gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras. 17 (Virgil, Aeneid 12. 936– 952) (a) Translate lines 1–3 (vicisti … tende odiis). [5] (b) stetit acer … ira terribilis (lines 3–12): give two contrasting emotions felt by Aeneas in these lines. Quote the Latin to support your answer. [4] (c) tune hinc … sub umbras (lines 12–17): how does Virgil make the climax of the story dramatic? Make two points, quoting the relevant Latin in your answer. [4] (d) Write out and scan line 17 (vitaque … umbras), marking the long and short syllables and divisions between the feet. [2]

Mark scheme: 2(a) Award up to 5 marks for performance using the grid below. 5 Mark Performance description 5 Perfectly accurate 4 Overall sense correct: minor error(s) (e.g. tense, number) 3 Some sense with major errors 2 Part correct: overall sense lacking/unclear 1 Not coherent: isolated knowledge of vocabulary only 0 Totally incorrect or omitted Specimen translation (This is one possible translation of the passage. Examiners will credit all acceptable variants.) ‘You are the victor, and the Ausonians have seen me stretch out my hands in defeat: Lavinia is your wife, don’t extend your hatred further.’ 2(b) hesitation/uncertainty (1) – dextram repressit/cunctantem (1) and then 4 anger (1) – furiis accensus/ira terribilis (1) OR grief (1) doloris (1) max 4 2(c) repetition of Pallas (1) reminds the reader of why Aeneas can’t spare 4 Turnus/adds emotion (1) Shows Aeneas nearly give in to Turnus but then see Pallas’ baldric and change his mind back (1) spoliis indute meorum (1) direct speech from Aeneas (1) tune « Turnus going to the underworld with a groan (1) gemitu (1) indignata (1) his life does not want to go (1) 2(d) _ u u | _ u u|_ u u|_ _ | _ u u | _ x 2 vitaque cum gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras

3 ‘The different techniques Virgil uses to tell the story are more important than the plot.’ How far do you agree with this statement based on the extract of the Aeneid you have read? Support your answer with reference to the text. You should write at least 100 words. [10]

Mark scheme: 3 Answers may include references to: 10 • exciting events; • the fact that the audience already knew the story; • supernatural occurrences; • metaphors; • metre; • vivid description; • characters; • use of similes; • emotion; • direct speech; • gods as characters. Points should be illustrated with examples from the text in English or Latin. Award up to 5 marks for performance against each AO using the grid. AO2 Literary AO3 Literary Level knowledge with Mark criticism with Mark understanding personal response Level 3 A good range of 4–5 Good evaluation 4–5 appropriate points with detailed with clear and analysis of evidence. detailed explanation. Answers offer an A good range of informed personal Latin quotations / response to the references to the literature. text with relevant discussion. Demonstrates good understanding of the text and its context. Level 2 Makes relevant 2–3 Some evaluation 2–3 points with some with use of explanation. evidence. A few Latin Answers offer some quotations / personal response references to the to the literature. text with discussion. Demonstrates some understanding of the text and its context.

4 Read the following passage and answer the questions: tu tamen si aliter sentis, rescribe quam primum. in balneariis assa in alterum apodyteri 1 angulum promovi propterea quod ita erant posita ut eorum vaporarium esset subiectum 2 cubiculis. subgrande cubiculum autem et hibernum alterum valde probavi quod et ampla 3 erant et loco posita ambulationis uno latere, eo quod est proximum balneariis. columnas 4 neque rectas neque e regione Diphilus collocarat. eas scilicet demolietur. aliquando 5 perpendiculo et linea discet uti. omnino spero paucis mensibus opus Diphili perfectum 6 fore; curat enim diligentissime Caesius, qui tum mecum fuit. 7 (Cicero, Domestic Design, Ad Quintum Fratrem 3, 1, 2) (a) tu tamen … quam primum (line 1): what must Quintus do if he disagrees with Cicero? [2] (b) Translate lines 1–3 (in balneariis … cubiculis). [5] (c) subgrande … proximum balneariis (lines 3–4): what two things does Cicero like about the bedrooms? [2] (d) columnas … discet uti (lines 4–6): (i) what, according to Cicero, has Diphilus done wrong? [2] (ii) what will have to be done about it? [1] (iii) how does Cicero think Diphilus could improve? [1] (e) omnino … mecum fuit (lines 6–7): why is Caesius mentioned? [2]

Mark scheme: 4(a) Write back (1) as quickly as possible (1) 2 4(b) Award up to 5 marks for performance using the grid below. 5 Mark Performance description 5 Perfectly accurate 4 Overall sense correct: minor error(s) (e.g. tense, number) 3 Some sense with major errors 2 Part correct: overall sense lacking/unclear 1 Not coherent: isolated knowledge of vocabulary only 0 Totally incorrect or omitted Specimen translation (This is one possible translation of the passage. Examiners will credit all acceptable variants.) In the bath, I have moved the hot chamber to the other corner of the changing room because it was so placed that its steam-pipe was immediately under the bedrooms. 4(c) ampla«loco posita he thinks they are a good size (1) and well positioned 2 (1) 4(d)(i) columns not straight (1) 2 nor correctly positioned (1) 4(d)(ii) be demolished (1) 1 4(d)(iii) learn to use a plumb line OR measuring tape (1) 1 4(e) keep an eye on things (1) very diligently (1); the nickname Caesius means 2 ‘basher’ which explains Cicero’s confidence in his words (1) max 2

5 Read the following passage and answer the questions: Varie sum adfectus tuis litteris, valde priore pagina perturbatus, paulum altera recreatus. 1 qua re nunc quidem non dubito quin, quoad plane valeas, te neque navigationi neque 2 viae committas. satis te mature videro, si plane confirmatum videro. de medico et tu 3 bene existimari scribis et ego sic audio; sed plane curationes eius non probo; ius enim 4 dandum tibi non fuit, cum κακοστόμαχος esses. sed tamen et ad illum scripsi accurate 5 et ad Lysonem. 6 (Cicero, Concern for the Health of a Former Slave, Ad Familiares 16, 4, 1) (a) tuis litteris (line 1): name the ex-slave who had written the letter. [1] (b) varie sum … recreatus (line 1): how does Cicero make this sentence particularly striking? Give three examples, quoting the relevant Latin in your answer. [3] (c) qua re nunc … confirmatum videro (lines 2–3): (i) what advice does Cicero give? [2] (ii) how does he try to make this advice persuasive? [2] (d) de medico … sic audio (lines 3–4): what has Cicero heard? [1] (e) Translate lines 4–6 (sed plane … Lysonem). [5] (f) κακοστόμαχος (line 5): suggest a reason why Cicero writes this word in Greek. [1]

Mark scheme: 5(a) Tiro 1 5(b) parallel clauses with contrasts – valde/paulum; 3 priore/altera; perturbatus/recreatus alliteration of the letter p priore pagina asyndeton varie « recreatus OR explanation max 3 5(c)(i) Don’t sail or travel by road (1) until you are better (1) 2 5(c)(ii) Tells Tiro that seeing him when he is better (1) will be soon enough (1) 2 5(d) The doctor is well regarded 1 5(e) Award up to 5 marks for performance using the grid below. 5 Mark Performance description 5 Perfectly accurate 4 Overall sense correct: minor error(s) (e.g. tense, number) 3 Some sense with major errors 2 Part correct: overall sense lacking/unclear 1 Not coherent: isolated knowledge of vocabulary only 0 Totally incorrect or omitted Specimen translation (This is one possible translation of the passage. Examiners will credit all acceptable variants.) Yet I am far from satisfied with his treatment. For you ought not to have had soup given you when suffering from weak digestion. However, I have written to him with great earnestness, as also to Lyso. 5(f) Cicero was bilingual or other reasonable suggestion 1

6 ‘Cicero likes to take control of everyone and everything.’ How far do you agree with this statement about Cicero based on the passages you have studied? Support your answer with reference to the text. You should write at least 100 words. [10]

Mark scheme: 6 Answers may include references to: 10 • interfering with the design of his brother’s house; • complaining about his sister-in-law to her brother; • passing judgement on the doctor’s skills; • making fun of Diphilus’ skills; • taking on Antony; • inflicting his philosophy on others; • he controls Tiro’s treatment; • he makes decisions about his brother’s villa; • he interferes in his brother’s marriage. Points should be illustrated with examples from the text. Award up to 5 marks for performance against each AO using the grid. AO2 Literary AO3 Literary Level knowledge with Mark criticism with Mark understanding personal response Level 3 A good range of 4–5 Good evaluation 4–5 appropriate points with detailed with clear and analysis of evidence. detailed explanation. Answers offer an A good range of informed personal Latin quotations / response to the references to the literature. text with relevant discussion. Demonstrates good understanding of the text and its context. Level 2 Makes relevant 2–3 Some evaluation 2–3 points with some with use of explanation. evidence. A few Latin Answers offer some quotations / personal response references to the to the literature. text with discussion. Demonstrates some understanding of the text and its context. 6 AO2 Literary AO3 Literary Level knowledge with Mark criticism with Mark understanding personal response Level 1 Points made are of 1 Minimal evaluation 1 little or no relevance. of the evidence. One Latin quotation / Answers offer a reference to the text minimal personal without discussion. response. Demonstrates minimal understanding of the text and its context. Level 0 No creditable 0 No creditable 0 response. response.