Cambridge A Level Chemistry 9701 — 2018 Oct/Nov Paper 1 · Variant 3

Question 1

1 The first four ionisation energies for element X are shown in the table. ionisation energy 1st 2nd 3rd 4th value / kJ mol–1 577 1980 2960 6190 Which ion of X is produced by removing an electron from a filled shell? A X+ B X2+ C X3+ D X4+

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

2 What is a basic assumption of the kinetic theory, as applied to an ideal gas? A Collisions between gas molecules are elastic. B Each gas molecule occupies a finite volume. C Gases consist of particles that experience the force of gravity. D Gas molecules attract each other with weak intermolecular forces.

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

3 A sample of the hydrocarbon C6H12 is completely burned in dry oxygen and the product gases are collected as shown. product gases, H2O + CO2 + excess of O2 excess of O2 P Q anhydrous soda lime calcium chloride (to absorb CO2) (to absorb H2O) The increases in mass of the collecting vessels P and Q are MP and MQ, respectively. What is the ratio MP / MQ? A 0.41 B 0.82 C 1.2 D 2.4

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

4 5.0 g samples of the carbonates of barium, copper, lithium and magnesium are decomposed to the metal oxides and carbon dioxide. For which compound is there the greatest loss in mass? A barium carbonate B copper(II) carbonate C lithium carbonate D magnesium carbonate

Accepted Answer

C

Question 5

5 In this question you should assume methane behaves as an ideal gas. The gas laws can be summarised in the ideal gas equation below. pV = nRT The volume of a sample of methane is measured at a temperature of 60 °C and a pressure of 103 kPa. The volume measured is 5.37 × 10–3 m3. What is the mass of the sample of methane, given to two significant figures? A 0.0032 g B 0.018 g C 3.2 g D 18 g

Accepted Answer

C

Question 6

6 A butane burner is used to heat water. The Mr of butane is 58. ● of butane is –2877 kJ mol–1. ● 250 g of water is heated from 12 °C to 100 °C. ● The burner transfers 47% of the heat released from the burning fuel to the water. Assume that the butane undergoes complete combustion and none of the water evaporates. What is the minimum mass of butane that must be burnt? A 0.068 g B 1.85 g C 3.94 g D 4.48 g

Accepted Answer

C

Question 7

7 Nitric acid is known to take part in the oxidation of atmospheric sulfur dioxide. One possible reaction is shown. SO2  +  HNO3  →  NO+  +  HSO4 – Which row shows the correct changes in oxidation numbers of nitrogen and sulfur? nitrogen sulfur A –3 +3 B –2 +2 C –2 +3 D –1 +2

Accepted Answer

B

Question 8

8 A transition metal ion, M2+, reacts with acidified dichromate(VI) ions to form M4+ ions, Cr3+ ions, and H2O. Which equation correctly represents this reaction? A Cr2O7 2–  +  14H+  +  M2+  →  2Cr3+  +  7H2O  +  M4+ B Cr2O7 2–  +  14H+  +  2M2+  →  2Cr3+  +  7H2O  +  2M4+ C Cr2O7 2–  +  14H+  +  3M2+  →  2Cr3+  +  7H2O  +  3M4+ D Cr2O7 2–  +  14H+  +  6M2+  →  2Cr3+  +  7H2O  +  6M4+

Accepted Answer

C

Question 9

9 In this question you should assume that all gases behave ideally. Hydrogen and iodine react reversibly in the following reaction. The system reaches dynamic equilibrium. H2(g)  +  I2(g) 2HI(g) ∆H = –9.5 kJ mol–1 Which statement must be true for the Kp of this equilibrium to be constant? A The partial pressures of H2, I2 and HI are equal. B The external pressure is constant. C The forward and reverse reactions have stopped. D The temperature is constant.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 10

10 0.200 mol of sulfur dioxide and 0.200 mol of oxygen are placed in a 1.00 dm3 sealed container. The gases are allowed to react until equilibrium is reached. 2SO2  +  O2 2SO3 At equilibrium there is 0.100 mol of SO3 in the container. What is the value of Kc? A 0.150 mol dm–3 B 0.800 mol dm–3 C 1.25 mol–1 dm3 D 6.67 mol–1 dm3

Accepted Answer

D

Question 11

11 Two reactions are shown. reaction 1 N2(g)  +  3H2(g) 2NH3(g) reaction 2 2O3(g) 3O2(g) In reaction 1, a finely powdered iron catalyst is used. In reaction 2, a vaporised tetrachloromethane catalyst in ultraviolet light is used. Which statement about the catalysts used is correct? A Both reaction 1 and reaction 2 use a heterogeneous catalyst. B Both reaction 1 and reaction 2 use a homogeneous catalyst. C Reaction 1 uses a heterogeneous catalyst and reaction 2 uses a homogeneous catalyst. D Reaction 1 uses a homogeneous catalyst and reaction 2 uses a heterogeneous catalyst.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 12

12 Sodium and sulfur are burned separately in oxygen. Each reaction has a distinctive coloured flame. Which row is correct? Na  +  O2 S  +  O2 A white blue B white yellow C yellow blue D yellow yellow

Accepted Answer

C

Question 13

13 X and Y are elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table. ● The oxide of X is a solid at room temperature. This oxide has a giant structure. ● The chloride of X does not react with water. ● Argon is the only element in Period 3 with a lower melting point than Y. What could be the formula of  a compound formed between elements X and Y? A Al 2S3 B MgS C NaCl D PCl 5

Accepted Answer

C

Question 14

14 Which row describes the structure and bonding of SiO2 and SiCl 4? SiO2 SiCl 4 bonding structure bonding structure A covalent giant covalent giant B covalent giant covalent simple C ionic giant covalent giant D ionic giant covalent simple

Accepted Answer

B

Question 15

15 A sample of anhydrous calcium nitrate is placed in a test-tube and heated in a roaring Bunsen flame until it decomposes. The description of the gas in the test-tube is then noted. A glowing splint is then put into the test-tube and any changes are noted. Which observations are correct? description of the result of gas in the test-tube glowing splint test A brown the splint goes out B brown the splint relights C colourless the splint goes out D colourless the splint relights

Accepted Answer

B

Question 16

16 Which row correctly describes the properties of the halogens as Group 17 is descended from chlorine to iodine? strength as volatility oxidising agent A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases

Accepted Answer

A

Question 17

17 Reaction 1: chlorine reacts with cold aqueous sodium hydroxide to form solution Z. Reaction 2: solution Z is heated and forms Cl O3 –(aq) and Cl –(aq). Which equations represent reaction 1 and reaction 2? A reaction 1 2Cl 2  +  4OH–  →  Cl O2 –  +  3Cl –  +  2H2O reaction 2 3Cl O2 –  →  2Cl O3 –  +  Cl – B reaction 1 2Cl 2  +  4OH–  →  Cl O2 –  +  3Cl –  +  2H2O reaction 2 3Cl O–  →  Cl O3 –  +  2Cl – C reaction 1 Cl 2  +  2OH–  →  Cl O–  +  Cl –  +  H2O reaction 2 2Cl O–  +  2OH–  →  Cl O3 –  +  Cl –  +  H2O D reaction 1 Cl 2  +  2OH–  →  Cl O–  +  Cl –  +  H2O reaction 2 3Cl O–  →  Cl O3 –  +  2Cl –

Accepted Answer

D

Question 18

18 Which statement explains the observation that magnesium hydroxide dissolves in aqueous ammonium chloride, but not in aqueous sodium chloride? A The ionic radius of the NH4 + ion is similar to that of Mg2+ but not that of Na+. B NH4Cl dissociates less fully than NaCl. C The Na+ and Mg2+ ions have the same number of electrons. D The NH4 + ion can donate a proton.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 19

19 Transition elements and their compounds are widely used as catalysts. What is the identity and what is the oxidation number of the element present in the catalyst used in the Contact process? element oxidation number A iron 0 B iron +3 C vanadium 0 D vanadium +5

Accepted Answer

D

Question 20

20 What is true of every nucleophile? A It attacks a double bond. B It donates a lone pair of electrons. C It is a single atom. D It is negatively charged.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 21

21 X has the molecular formula C5H12O. X has a branched carbon skeleton and a secondary alcohol functional group. How many structural isomers fit this description of X? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

Accepted Answer

A

Question 22

22 A new jet fuel has been produced that is a mixture of different structural isomers of compound Q. Q Which skeletal formula represents a structural isomer of Q? A B C D

Accepted Answer

C

Question 23

23 The conversion of propene to propan-2-ol can be carried out in two stages represented by the equations shown. reaction 1 CH3CH=CH2(g)  +  HI(g)  →  CH3CHICH3(l) reaction 2 CH3CHICH3(l)  +  KOH(aq)  →  CH3CH(OH)CH3(aq)  +  K+(aq)  +  I–(aq) How can these two reactions be described? reaction 1 reaction 2 A addition elimination B addition substitution C elimination substitution D substitution elimination

Accepted Answer

B

Question 24

24 An organic molecule W contains 3 carbon atoms. It requires 4.5 molecules of oxygen for complete combustion. What could W be? A propane B propanoic acid C propanone D propan-1-ol

Accepted Answer

D

Question 25

25 Compound J, C15H23Br2Cl, is reacted with an excess of a hot concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide in ethanol. One of the products is X. excess NaOH Cl Br in ethanol X Br compound J What could be the skeletal formula of X? A B C D

Accepted Answer

B

Question 26

26 Sodium reacts with 1 mol of compound Y to produce 1 mol of H2(g). Which compound could Y be? A CH3CH2CH2CH2OH B (CH3)3COH C CH3CH2CH2CO2H D CH3CH(OH)CO2H

Accepted Answer

D

Question 27

27 Which compound shows optical isomerism and gives a positive test with alkaline aqueous iodine? A CH3COCH(OH)CH3 B CH3COCH2CH2OH C HOCH2CH(CH3)CHO D (CH3)2C(OH)CHO

Accepted Answer

A

Question 28

28 Ethanedioic acid, HO2CCO2H, is reduced using an excess of lithium aluminium hydride, LiAl H4. What is the organic product of the reaction? A ethanol B ethane-1,2-diol C ethanedial, OHCCHO D methane

Accepted Answer

B

Question 29

29 The diester shown can be hydrolysed by heating with an excess of aqueous sodium hydroxide. O H H H H H C O C C C O C C H H H H O H What would the products of this reaction be? O H H H O H A H C HO C C C OH HO C C H OH H H H H O H H H O H B H C NaO C C C ONa HO C C H OH H H H H O H H H O H C H C HO C C C OH NaO C C H ONa H H H H O H H H O H D H C NaO C C C ONa NaO C C H ONa H H H H

Accepted Answer

C

Question 30

30 J is a branched-chain alcohol, C5H12O. J is heated under reflux with an excess of Cr2O7 2– / H+ until no further reaction occurs. An organic compound K is formed in good yield. The infra-red spectrum of K is shown. 100 transmittance % 50 0 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500 wavenumber / cm–1 What are the structures of the branched-chain alcohol J and compound K? J K A CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH CH3CH(CH3)CH2CHO B CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3 CH3CH2COCH2CH3 C CH3CH(CH3)CH(OH)CH3 CH3CH(CH3)COCH3 D CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH CH3CH(CH3)CH2COOH

Accepted Answer

C

Question 31

31 Which ions contain one or more unpaired electrons? 1 Cu2+ 2 Mn3+ 3 V3+

Accepted Answer

A

Question 32

32 Which molecules and ions have a bond angle of 120°? 1 BF3 2 CH3 – 3 NH3

Accepted Answer

D

Question 33

33 Which statements are correct for all exothermic reactions? 1 ∆H for the reaction is negative. 2 On a reaction pathway diagram the products are shown lower than the reactants. 3 The reaction will occur without heating.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 34

34 The factors affecting the rate of reaction between aqueous sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid can be investigated. The ionic equation for the reaction is shown. S2O3 2–(aq)  +  2H+(aq)  →  H2O(l)  +  S(s)  +  SO2(aq) Which of the following can be used to investigate the rate of this reaction? 1 change of mass 2 change of appearance caused by formation of a precipitate 3 change of electrical conductivity

Accepted Answer

C

Question 35

35 Which reaction routes can be used to make a pure sample of barium sulfate? heat dilute dilute filter, wash 1 Ba metal product product 2 product 3 in O2 HCl H2SO4 and dry strong solid an excess dilute filter, wash 2 Ba(NO3)2 product 2 product 3 heat in air product of water H2SO4 and dry dilute dilute filter, wash 3 Ba(OH)2 product product 2 HNO3 H2SO4 and dry

Accepted Answer

A

Question 36

36 Which properties increase from magnesium to barium? 1 ionic radius of the cation M2+ 2 screening of outermost electrons by inner shells 3 solubility of the hydroxides, M(OH)2, in water

Accepted Answer

A

Question 37

37 2-methylpropene can react in more than one way with chlorine. One of the reactions follows the pathway shown. CH3 CH3 CH3 + CH2 C + Cl 2 → Cl CH2 C + Cl – → Cl CH2 C + HCl CH3 CH3 CH2 2-methylpropene intermediate product Which statements about this mechanism are correct? 1 The intermediate has all carbon atoms in the same plane. 2 There is an electrophilic attack on the double bond. 3 It is a free radical mechanism.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 38

38 The halogenoalkanes listed below all react with NaOH(aq). Which reactions proceed mainly by an SN1 mechanism? 1 1-iodopropane 2 2-iodo-2-methylpropane 3 2-bromo-2-methylbutane

Accepted Answer

C

Question 39

39 3-oxobutanoic acid can be synthesised in a two-step process. O O X Y OH 3-oxobutanoic acid What could be the structure of X? 1 OH Cl O 2 OH Br O 3 H

Accepted Answer

A

Question 40

40 Ethanal reacts with HCN in the presence of KCN. Which changes in bonding occur during this reaction? 1 A carbon-carbon bond is formed. 2 A carbon-hydrogen bond is broken. 3 A carbon-nitrogen bond is broken.

Accepted Answer

B

Question paper16 pages

Mark scheme3 pages

Questions as text

Q1 · The first four ionisation energies for element X are shown in the table

Q2 · What is a basic assumption of the kinetic theory, as applied to an ideal gas?

Q3 · A sample of the hydrocarbon C6H12 is completely burned in dry oxygen and the product…

Q4 · 5.0 g samples of the carbonates of barium, copper, lithium and magnesium are decomposed…

Q5 · In this question you should assume methane behaves as an ideal gas

Q6 · A butane burner is used to heat water

Q7 · Nitric acid is known to take part in the oxidation of atmospheric sulfur dioxide

Q8 · A transition metal ion, M2+, reacts with acidified dichromate(VI) ions to form M4+ ions…

Q9 · In this question you should assume that all gases behave ideally

Q10 · 0.200 mol of sulfur dioxide and 0.200 mol of oxygen are placed in a 1.00 dm3 sealed…

Q11 · Two reactions are shown

Q12 · Sodium and sulfur are burned separately in oxygen

Q13 · X and Y are elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table

Q14 · Which row describes the structure and bonding of SiO2 and SiCl 4?

Q15 · A sample of anhydrous calcium nitrate is placed in a test-tube and heated in a roaring…

Q16 · Which row correctly describes the properties of the halogens as Group 17 is descended…

Q17 · Reaction 1: chlorine reacts with cold aqueous sodium hydroxide to form solution Z

Q18 · Which statement explains the observation that magnesium hydroxide dissolves in aqueous…

Q19 · Transition elements and their compounds are widely used as catalysts

Q20 · What is true of every nucleophile?

Q21 · X has the molecular formula C5H12O

Q22 · A new jet fuel has been produced that is a mixture of different structural isomers of…

Q23 · The conversion of propene to propan-2-ol can be carried out in two stages represented by…

Q24 · An organic molecule W contains 3 carbon atoms

Q25 · Compound J, C15H23Br2Cl, is reacted with an excess of a hot concentrated solution of…

Q26 · Sodium reacts with 1 mol of compound Y to produce 1 mol of H2(g)

Q27 · Which compound shows optical isomerism and gives a positive test with alkaline aqueous…

Q28 · Ethanedioic acid, HO2CCO2H, is reduced using an excess of lithium aluminium hydride, LiAl…

Q29 · The diester shown can be hydrolysed by heating with an excess of aqueous sodium hydroxide

Q30 · J is a branched-chain alcohol, C5H12O

Q31 · Which ions contain one or more unpaired electrons?

Q32 · Which molecules and ions have a bond angle of 120°?

Q33 · Which statements are correct for all exothermic reactions?

Q34 · The factors affecting the rate of reaction between aqueous sodium thiosulfate and…

Q35 · Which reaction routes can be used to make a pure sample of barium sulfate?

Q36 · Which properties increase from magnesium to barium?

Q37 · 2-methylpropene can react in more than one way with chlorine

Q38 · The halogenoalkanes listed below all react with NaOH(aq)

Q39 · 3-oxobutanoic acid can be synthesised in a two-step process

Q40 · Ethanal reacts with HCN in the presence of KCN

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