Cambridge A Level Chemistry 9701 — 2011 May/June Paper 1 · Variant 1

Question 1

1 Which equation represents the second ionisation energy of an element X? A X(g) → X2+(g) + 2e– B X+(g) → X2+(g) + e– C X(g) + 2e– → X2–(g) D X–(g) + e– → X2–(g)

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

2 In flooded soils, like those used for rice cultivation, the oxygen content is low. In such soils, anaerobic bacteria cause the loss of nitrogen from the soil as shown in the following sequence. In which step is the change in oxidation number (oxidation state) of nitrogen different to the changes in the other steps? A B C D NO3 –(aq) NO2 –(aq) NO(g) N2O(g) N2(g)

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

3 In the extraction of aluminium by the electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide, why is cryolite added to the aluminium oxide? A to ensure the aluminium is not oxidised B to ensure the anode is not oxidised C to lower the melting point of the aluminium oxide D to prevent corrosion of the cathode

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

4 Different Boltzmann distributions are shown in the diagrams. diagram 1 diagram 2 X P Y number of Q number of molecules molecules 00 00 molecular speed molecular speed In diagram 1, one curve P or Q corresponds to a temperature higher than that of the other curve. In diagram 2, one line X or Y corresponds to the activation energy for a catalysed reaction and the other line corresponds to the activation energy of the same reaction when uncatalysed. Which combination gives the correct curve and line? higher presence of temperature catalyst A P X B P Y C Q X D Q Y

Accepted Answer

C

Question 5

5 Which factor helps to explain why the first ionisation energies of the Group I elements decrease from lithium to sodium to potassium to rubidium? A The nuclear charge of the elements increases. B The outer electron is in an ‘s’ subshell. C The repulsion between spin-paired electrons increases. D The shielding effect of the inner shells increases.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 6

6 In the diagram, curve X was obtained by observing the decomposition of 100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm–3 hydrogen peroxide, catalysed by manganese(IV) oxide. Y X volume of oxygen formed 00 time Which alteration to the original experimental conditions would produce curve Y? A adding some 0.1 mol dm–3 hydrogen peroxide B adding water C lowering the temperature D using less manganese(IV) oxide

Accepted Answer

A

Question 7

7 In the last century the Haber process was sometimes run at pressures of 1000 atm and higher. Now it is commonly run at pressures below 100 atm. What is the reason for this change? A An iron catalyst is used. B Maintaining the higher pressures is more expensive. C The equilibrium yield of ammonia is increased at lower pressures. D The rate of the reaction is increased at lower pressures.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 8

8 The equation below represents the combination of gaseous atoms of non-metal X and of hydrogen to form gaseous X2H6  molecules. 2X(g) + 6H(g) → X2H6(g) ∆H = –2775 kJ mol–1 The bond energy of an X–H bond is 395 kJ mol–1. What is the bond energy of an X–X bond? A – 405.0 kJ mol–1 B – 202.5 kJ mol–1 C +202.5 kJ mol–1 D +405.0 kJ mol–1

Accepted Answer

D

Question 9

9 50 cm3 of 2.50 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid was placed in a polystyrene beaker of negligible heat capacity. Its temperature was recorded and then 50 cm3 of 2.50 mol dm–3 NaOH at the same temperature was quickly added, with stirring. The temperature rose by 17 °C. The resulting solution may be considered to have a specific heat capacity of 4.2 J g–1 K–1. What is an approximate value for the molar enthalpy change of neutralisation of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide from this experiment? − ( 50 x 4 . 2 x 17 ) − 1 A J mol ( 0 . 050 x 2 . 5 ) − ( 50 x 4 . 2 x 17 ) − 1 B J mol ( 0 . 10 x 2 . 5 ) − ( 100 x 4 . 2 x 17 ) − 1 C J mol ( 0 . 050 x 2 . 5 ) − ( 100 x 4 . 2 x 17 ) − 1 D J mol ( 50 x 2 . 5 )

Accepted Answer

C

Question 10

10 Three substances, R, S and T, have physical properties as shown. substance R S T mp / oC 801 2852 3550 bp / oC 1413 3600 4827 electrical conductivity of solid poor poor good What could be the identities of R, S and T ? R S T A MgO NaCl C [graphite] B MgO NaCl SiO2 C NaCl MgO C [graphite] D NaCl MgO SiO2

Accepted Answer

C

Question 11

11 In which change would only van der Waals’ forces have to be overcome? A evaporation of ethanol C2H5OH(l) → C2H5OH(g) B melting of ice H2O(s) → H2O(l) C melting of solid carbon dioxide CO2(s) → CO2(l) D solidification of butane C4H10(l) → C4H10(s)

Accepted Answer

C

Question 12

12 Hydrazine, N2H4, is widely used as a rocket fuel because it reacts with oxygen as shown, producing ‘environmentally friendly’ gases. N2H4(l) + O2(g) → N2(g) + 2H2O(g) ∆H = –534 kJ mol–1 Despite its use as a rocket fuel, hydrazine does not burn spontaneously in oxygen. Which statement explains why hydrazine does not burn spontaneously? A Hydrazine is a liquid. B The activation energy is too high. C The N N bond is very strong. D The reaction is exothermic.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 13

13 0.02 mol of aluminium is burned in oxygen and the product is reacted with 2.00 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid. What minimum volume of acid will be required for complete reaction? A 15 cm3 B 20 cm3 C 30 cm3 D 60 cm3

Accepted Answer

C

Question 14

14 Steam is passed over heated magnesium to give compound X and hydrogen. What is not a property of compound X? A It has an Mr of  40.3. B It is basic. C It is a white solid. D It is very soluble in water.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 15

15 X, Y and Z represent different halogens. The table shows the results of nine experiments in which aqueous solutions of X2, Y2 and Z2 were separately added to separate aqueous solutions containing X –, Y – and Z – ions. X –(aq) Y –(aq) Z –(aq) X2(aq) no reaction no reaction no reaction Y2(aq) X2 formed no reaction Z2 formed Z2(aq) X2 formed no reaction no reaction Which row in the following table contains the ions X –, Y – and Z – in order of their decreasing strength as reducing agents? strongest weakest A X – Y – Z – B X – Z – Y – C Y – Z – X – D Z – X – Y –

Accepted Answer

B

Question 16

16 A student observed the reactions when sodium chloride and sodium iodide were each reacted separately with concentrated sulfuric acid and with concentrated phosphoric acid. The observations are recorded in the table. sodium chloride sodium iodide conc. H2SO4 colourless acidic gas formed purple vapour formed conc. H3PO4 colourless acidic gas formed colourless acidic gas formed Which deduction can be made from these observations? A Concentrated phosphoric acid is a stronger oxidising agent than concentrated sulfuric acid. B Concentrated phosphoric acid is a stronger oxidising agent than iodine. C Concentrated sulfuric acid is a stronger oxidising agent than chlorine. D Concentrated sulfuric acid is a stronger oxidising agent than iodine.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 17

17 Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, is manufactured in large quantities for use in fertiliser. Which statement about ammonium nitrate fertiliser is not correct? A It can cause environmental problems. B It consists of 35 % nitrogen by mass. C It is insoluble in water. D Nitric acid is used in its manufacture.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 18

18 Nitrogen monoxide, NO, is a primary pollutant produced by petrol engines and is found in their exhaust gases. Which reaction occurs in a catalytic converter and decreases the emission of nitrogen monoxide? A NO(g) + CO(g) → NO2(g) + C(s) B NO(g) + CO2(g) → NO2(g) + CO(g) C 2NO(g) + 2CO(g) → N2(g) + 2CO2(g) D 2NO(g) + CO2(g) → 2NO2(g) + C(s)

Accepted Answer

C

Question 19

19 In the reaction pathway below, an alkane is converted into a carboxylic acid through several stages. stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 C10H22 C2H4 C2H5OH CH3CO2H catalytic hydration Which processes occur at stage 1 and at stage 3? stage 1 stage 3 A condensation combustion B cracking dehydration C cracking oxidation D dehydration combustion

Accepted Answer

C

Question 20

20 Acrylic acid is produced from propene, a gaseous product of oil refineries. O x y OH acrylic acid Which statement about acrylic acid is not correct? A Both bond angles x and y are approximately 120°. B It decolourises aqueous bromine. C It gives an orange precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent. D It reacts with an alcohol to give an ester.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 21

21 Butanedioic acid occurs in amber, algae, lichens, sugar cane and beets. It may be synthesised in two steps from 1,2-dibromoethane. step 1 step 2 BrCH2CH2Br X HO2CCH2CH2CO2H Which reagents could be used for this synthesis? step 1 step 2 A HCN(g) HCl (aq) B HCO2Na(aq) HCl (aq) C KCN(aq / alcoholic) H2SO4(aq) D NaOH(aq) K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4(aq)

Accepted Answer

C

Question 22

22 The formula CH3 can represent an anion, a cation or a free radical. Species with the molecular formula CH3 can act as an electrophile, a free radical or a nucleophile depending on the number of outer shell electrons on the central carbon atom. How many outer shell electrons must be present for CH3 to act in these different ways? CH3 as an CH3 as a CH3 as a electrophile free radical nucleophile A 6 7 8 B 6 8 7 C 7 6 8 D 8 7 6

Accepted Answer

A

Question 23

23 Pentanol, C5H11OH, has four structural isomers that are primary alcohols. How many of these primary alcohols contain a chiral carbon atom? A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3

Accepted Answer

B

Question 24

24 The diagram shows the structure of the naturally-occurring molecule cholesterol. H3C CH3 H CH3 H H H HO cholesterol Student X claimed that the seventeen carbon atoms in the four rings all lie in the same plane. Student Y claimed that this molecule displays cis-trans isomerism at the C=C double bond. Which of the students are correct? A both X and Y B neither X nor Y C X only D Y only

Accepted Answer

B

Question 25

25 Which isomer of C6H13OH gives the greatest number of different alkenes when it is dehydrated? A B CH3 CH3 CH CH CH2OH CH3 CH2 CH2 CH CH2 CH3 CH3 OH C D CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2 C CH2 CH3 CH3 C CH2 CH2OH OH CH3

Accepted Answer

B

Question 26

26 Compound X changes the colour of warm acidified sodium dichromate(VI) from orange to green. 1 mol of X reacts with 2 mol of HCN in the presence of KCN. What could X be? A CH3CH2CH2CHO B CH3COCH2COCH3 C H2C=CHCH2CHO D OHCCH2CH2CHO

Accepted Answer

D

Question 27

27 Which formula represents an ester which will form sodium ethanoate on hydrolysis with aqueous sodium hydroxide? A B O O H3C CH2 C O CH2 CH3 H3C CH2 C O CH3 C D O O H C O CH2 CH3 H3C C O CH2 CH2 CH3

Accepted Answer

D

Question 28

28 A compound Y is treated with warm acidified potassium dichromate(VI). The resulting organic product gives an orange precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent but does not give a silver mirror with Tollens’ reagent. What is Y? A butan-1-ol B butan-2-ol C butanal D 2-methylpropan-2-ol

Accepted Answer

B

Question 29

29 Aldehydes and ketones are carbonyl compounds. Which of them react with NaBH4 and react with Fehling’s reagent? A both aldehydes and ketones B aldehydes only C ketones only D neither aldehydes nor ketones

Accepted Answer

B

Question 30

30 The functional group in a primary alcohol is –CH2OH. Which reagent reacts with a primary alcohol, under suitable conditions, to give an organic product with the same number of oxygen atoms as the alcohol? A Al 2O3 B CH3CO2H C HBr D Na

Accepted Answer

D

Question 31

31 Which statements are correct in terms of the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases? 1 Water can act as either an acid or a base. 2 Sulfuric acid, H2SO4, does not behave as an acid when dissolved in ethanol, C2H5OH. 3 The ammonium ion acts as a base when dissolved in liquid ammonia.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 32

32 Which are features of the structure of metallic copper? 1 a lattice of ions 2 delocalised electrons 3 ionic bonds

Accepted Answer

B

Question 33

33 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question. Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the following equation. Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl 2 + H2 Which statements are correct? [All volumes are measured at room conditions.] 1 A 3.27 g sample of zinc reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid to give 0.050 mol of zinc chloride. 2 A 6.54 g sample of zinc reacts completely with exactly 100 cm3 of 1.00 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid. 3 A 13.08 g sample of zinc reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid to give 9.60 dm3 of hydrogen.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 34

34 Which statements are correct? 1 Aluminium chloride dissolves in water to give an acidic solution. 2 Magnesium chloride dissolves in water to give a slightly acidic solution. 3 Sodium chloride dissolves in water to give an alkaline solution.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 35

35 Which oxides react with water to give a solution of pH 10 or higher? 1 CaO 2 Na2O 3 SrO

Accepted Answer

A

Question 36

36 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question. The element astatine lies below iodine in Group VII of the Periodic Table. What will be the properties of astatine? 1 It forms diatomic molecules which dissociate more readily than chlorine molecules. 2 It reacts explosively with hydrogen. 3 It can oxidise iodide to iodine.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 37

37 Which descriptions of the ammonium ion are correct? 1 It contains ten electrons. 2 It has a bond angle of 109.5°. 3 It has only three bonding pairs of electrons.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 38

38 Which alkenes, on reaction with steam at 600 K and 6 x 106 Pa pressure in the presence of a phosphoric acid catalyst, could produce an alcohol containing a chiral carbon atom? 1 (CH3)2C=CH2 2 CH3CH=CHCH3 3 CH3CH2CH=CH2

Accepted Answer

C

Question 39

39 Bromoethane undergoes all of the conversions shown. Which conversions are examples of nucleophilic substitution? 1 C2H5Br → C2H5CN 2 C2H5Br → C2H5OH 3 C2H5Br → C2H5NH2

Accepted Answer

A

Question 40

40 Sorbitol is an artificial sweetener used to sweeten chocolate which is suitable for diabetics. OH H C H H C OH HO C H H C OH H C OH H C H OH sorbitol Which functional groups can be produced when this molecule is subjected to oxidation under suitable conditions? 1 aldehyde 2 carboxylic acid 3 ketone

Accepted Answer

A

Question paper16 pages

Mark scheme2 pages

Questions as text

Q1 · Which equation represents the second ionisation energy of an element X?

Q2 · In flooded soils, like those used for rice cultivation, the oxygen content is low

Q3 · In the extraction of aluminium by the electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide, why is…

Q4 · Different Boltzmann distributions are shown in the diagrams

Q5 · Which factor helps to explain why the first ionisation energies of the Group I elements…

Q6 · In the diagram, curve X was obtained by observing the decomposition of 100 cm3 of 1.0 mol…

Q7 · In the last century the Haber process was sometimes run at pressures of 1000 atm and…

Q8 · The equation below represents the combination of gaseous atoms of non-metal X and of…

Q9 · 50 cm3 of 2.50 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid was placed in a polystyrene beaker of…

Q10 · Three substances, R, S and T, have physical properties as shown

Q11 · In which change would only van der Waals’ forces have to be overcome?

Q12 · Hydrazine, N2H4, is widely used as a rocket fuel because it reacts with oxygen as shown…

Q13 · 0.02 mol of aluminium is burned in oxygen and the product is reacted with 2.00 mol dm–3…

Q14 · Steam is passed over heated magnesium to give compound X and hydrogen

Q15 · X, Y and Z represent different halogens

Q16 · A student observed the reactions when sodium chloride and sodium iodide were each reacted…

Q17 · Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, is manufactured in large quantities for use in fertiliser

Q18 · Nitrogen monoxide, NO, is a primary pollutant produced by petrol engines and is found in…

Q19 · In the reaction pathway below, an alkane is converted into a carboxylic acid through…

Q20 · Acrylic acid is produced from propene, a gaseous product of oil refineries

Q21 · Butanedioic acid occurs in amber, algae, lichens, sugar cane and beets

Q22 · The formula CH3 can represent an anion, a cation or a free radical

Q23 · Pentanol, C5H11OH, has four structural isomers that are primary alcohols

Q24 · The diagram shows the structure of the naturally-occurring molecule cholesterol

Q25 · Which isomer of C6H13OH gives the greatest number of different alkenes when it is…

Q26 · Compound X changes the colour of warm acidified sodium dichromate(VI) from orange to green

Q27 · Which formula represents an ester which will form sodium ethanoate on hydrolysis with…

Q28 · A compound Y is treated with warm acidified potassium dichromate(VI)

Q29 · Aldehydes and ketones are carbonyl compounds

Q30 · The functional group in a primary alcohol is –CH2OH

Q31 · Which statements are correct in terms of the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases?

Q32 · Which are features of the structure of metallic copper?

Q33 · Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question

Q34 · Which statements are correct?

Q35 · Which oxides react with water to give a solution of pH 10 or higher?

Q36 · Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question

Q37 · Which descriptions of the ammonium ion are correct?

Q38 · Which alkenes, on reaction with steam at 600 K and 6 x 106 Pa pressure in the presence of…

Q39 · Bromoethane undergoes all of the conversions shown

Q40 · Sorbitol is an artificial sweetener used to sweeten chocolate which is suitable for…

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