Cambridge IGCSE Science - Combined 0653 — 2016 Oct/Nov Paper 3 · Variant 3

This document consists of 23 printed pages and 1 blank page. DC (LEG/SW) 122371/2 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education * 2 6 4 0 3 1 7 6 8 5 * COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/33 Paper 3 (Extended) October/November 2016 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Electronic calculators may be used. You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 24. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a man using a longbow to fire arrows at a target. bowstring longbow arrow Fig. 1.1 (a) The man uses a force of 300 N to pull the arrow back through a distance of 40 cm. (i) Calculate the work done by the man when he draws the arrow back by 40 cm. State the formula you use, show your working and include the unit of your answer. formula working work done = … unit … [3] (ii) State how much elastic potential energy is stored in the longbow and bowstring before the arrow is released. stored energy = … J [1] (b) The arrow has a mass of 0.1 kg. The speed of the arrow as it leaves the longbow is 30 m / s. (i) Calculate the kinetic energy of the arrow as it leaves the longbow. State the formula that you use and show your working. formula working kinetic energy = … J [2]

3 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (ii) Use your answers to (a)(ii) and (b)(i) to calculate the efficiency of the energy transfer from the longbow to the arrow. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working efficiency = … % [2] (iii) The speed of the arrow as it approaches the target is 25 m / s. Suggest why the speed of the arrow is no longer 30 m / s. … …[1]

4 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 2 (a) A student investigates the reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and 0.1 g of different metals. The metal samples used are of identical size and shape. The apparatus he uses is shown in Fig. 2.1. piston moves out as gas enters the syringe gas syringe bung side-arm test-tube metal excess dilute hydrochloric acid Fig. 2.1 He measures how long it takes to collect 25 cm3 of gas made in each of the reactions. (i) Name one other piece of apparatus that is needed to investigate the speed of this reaction. …[1] (ii) The results the student obtains are shown in Table 2.1. Table 2.1 metal time to collect 25 cm3 of gas / s calcium 10 copper more than 300 iron more than 300 magnesium 20 zinc 45 State which metal reacts fastest. …[1]

5 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (b) The student repeats the experiment for copper and iron. He uses hydrochloric acid with a greater concentration at a higher temperature. The results the student obtains are shown in Table 2.2. Table 2.2 metal time to collect 25 cm3 of gas / s copper more than 300 iron 30 State and explain the effects of changing the concentration and the temperature of the acid on the speed of the reaction with iron. Use ideas about particles in your answer. concentration … … … … temperature … … … …[4] (c) Using the results shown in Table 2.1 and Table 2.2, deduce the order of reactivity of the five metals from most to least reactive. … most reactive … … … … least reactive [1]

6 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 (d) The student places two other metals into test-tubes A and B, as shown in Fig. 2.2. magnesium nitrate solution copper nitrate solution lead B A tin Fig. 2.2 There is no change in the contents of test-tube A, but in test-tube B the surface of the lead turns brown. Explain these observations in terms of the reactivity of metals. test-tube A … … … test-tube B … … … [2]

7 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over Please turn over for Question 3.

8 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 3 (a) Fig. 3.1 shows a plan of the human circulatory system. capillaries in the lungs B C D A capillaries in the rest of the body Fig. 3.1 (i) Explain why the human circulatory system is described as a double circulation. … … …[1] (ii) State the letter and name of the blood vessel with the highest pressure in Fig. 3.1. Explain your answer. letter and name … explanation … … … [2]

9 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (iii) Describe how each of the following features of veins enables them to return blood to the heart from parts of the body such as the feet. valves … … … wide lumen … … … [2] (b) A student measures his pulse rate during the day. He takes a reading while sitting, and also as he does different activities. Some of his readings are shown in Table 3.1. Table 3.1 activity number of beats / min sitting 68 running 164 Y 85 (i) Explain in detail why the muscles of the student’s legs need a greater supply of blood while he is running. … … … … … …[3] (ii) Suggest an activity for Y. Explain your answer. activity … explanation … … [1]

10 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 4 Fig. 4.1 shows a simple solar heating system to provide hot water for a house. hot water storage tank hot water to tank cold water hot water for the house solar heating panel copper tubes inside the panel cold water from mains supply Fig. 4.1 • Cold water in copper tubes inside the panel is heated by energy from the Sun. • The hot water then flows to the hot water tank above. • Cold water from the tank flows back to the panel. • A supply of hot water for the house can be taken from the tank. (a) The Sun emits energy as electromagnetic radiation, some of which is absorbed by the solar panel. (i) On Table 4.1, in the correct box write the name of the main part of the electromagnetic spectrum which heats the solar panel. Table 4.1 gamma radiation radio waves ultraviolet [2] (ii) The Sun also emits radio waves which take 8 minutes to reach the Earth. A student says he thinks the radiation that heats the solar panel would take longer than 8 minutes to reach the Earth. Explain why the student is wrong. … …[1]

11 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (b) The solar panel contains copper tubes through which the water flows. (i) The copper tubes are painted to improve the efficiency of energy absorption by the panel. Suggest the colour of the paint that would give the best efficiency. Give a reason for your answer. … … … …[2] (ii) State the method of thermal energy transfer 1. from the outside of the copper tubes to the water inside the tubes, … 2. from the hot water in the copper tubes to the hot water storage tank. … [2] (iii) Explain why the heated water in the copper tubes is able to travel up to the storage tank above the panel without pumping. … … … … …[2]

12 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 5 (a) (i) Name the main constituent of natural gas. …[1] (ii) Complete the sentences below using suitable words or phrases. Coal, natural gas and petroleum are all … fuels. Petroleum is a mixture of different compounds and is separated by the process of … . [2] (b) Cracking is used to break large molecules into smaller molecules. During cracking a molecule of octane forms one molecule of ethane, C2H6, and three molecules of another compound. The structure of octane is shown in Fig. 5.1. Key carbon atom hydrogen atom Fig. 5.1 Deduce the formula of octane and complete the symbol equation for the cracking of octane. … C2H6 + 3 … octane [2] (c) Ethane is a hydrocarbon. (i) State what is meant by the term hydrocarbon. … … …[2]

13 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (ii) The formulae of two other hydrocarbons are C6H12 and C6H14. Deduce which is an alkene. Explain your answer. alkene … explanation … … … [1] (iii) Name a reagent that is used in a test to distinguish between alkanes and alkenes. State the observation for each test. reagent … alkanes … alkenes … [2]

14 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 6 (a) Describe how the following structures of a wind-pollinated flower differ from those of an insect-pollinated flower. the stamen … … the stigma … … [2] (b) A student looks at some pollen from a wind-pollinated flower and an insect-pollinated flower under the microscope at the same magnification. Fig. 6.1 shows what she sees. slide 1 slide 2 Fig. 6.1 State the slide showing pollen from a wind-pollinated flower. … Explain how this pollen is adapted for wind pollination. … … [1]

15 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (c) Another student investigates the rate of transpiration from a leafy twig under different conditions. Fig. 6.2 shows the apparatus he uses. scale water to reset bubble syringe rubber tubing capillary tube air bubble – moves up the tube as the shoot takes in water water reservoir shoot Fig. 6.2 • He measures how far the air bubble moves upwards in one minute. • He uses the syringe of water to reset the apparatus. • The student repeats the experiment under different environmental conditions. • His readings are shown in Table 6.1. Table 6.1 conditions distance moved by bubble in one minute / cm dry air at 22 °C 1.1 dry air at 27 °C 6.8 humid air at 22 °C (i) Explain why the distance the bubble moved increases when the temperature rises to 27 °C. … … … …[2]

16 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 (ii) Suggest a possible reading for humid air at 22 °C. Explain your answer. reading … explanation … … …[1] (d) In the ground the plant takes in water at the roots. Fig. 6.3 shows the distribution of the tissues in the cross-sections of two similar roots of the same size. root X root Y Fig. 6.3 Suggest which root would take in water more quickly. root … Describe and explain why this root takes in water more quickly. … … …[2] (e) These roots do not carry out photosynthesis because they are found underground and do not have chlorophyll. Describe the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis. … … … …[2]

17 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows a wave generated in a string. One end of the string is fixed to a stand and clamp, while the other end is attached to a vibrator driven by an electric motor. Fig. 7.1 (i) The length of the string is 100 cm. State the wavelength of the wave motion shown in Fig. 7.1. … cm [1] (ii) State what is meant by the amplitude of the wave. … …[1]

18 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 (b) Fig. 7.2 shows part of the circuit diagram for the circuit used to drive the vibrator. The frequency of the vibrator depends on the speed of the motor. The speed of the motor depends on the current through the motor. M electric motor Fig. 7.2 Complete the circuit diagram by using the symbols for suitable circuit components in the correct places in the circuit to 1. control the current through the motor, 2. measure the current through the motor. [3] (c) A voltmeter connected across the motor reads 3.0 V. The current through the motor is 2.0 A. (i) Calculate the resistance of the motor. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working resistance = … Ω [2]

19 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (ii) Calculate the power input to the motor. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working power = … W [2]

20 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 8 During the electrolysis of aluminium oxide, Al2O3, aluminium is produced. This process is shown in Fig. 8.1. – + carbon cathode molten aluminium molten electrolyte containing aluminium oxide carbon anode Fig. 8.1 (a) Explain why the electrolysis of aluminium oxide does not take place at room temperature. Use ideas about particles in your answer. … … … … …[2] (b) Describe what happens to the oxide ions, O2–, during the electrolysis of aluminium oxide. … … … …[2] (c) State and explain whether aluminium is oxidised or reduced during electrolysis. … …[1]

21 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (d) The electronic structure of an aluminium atom is shown in Fig. 8.2a. Al atom Al ion Fig. 8.2a Fig. 8.2b Draw the electronic structure of an aluminium ion in Fig. 8.2b. [1] (e) Predict the type of bonding in a compound formed between rubidium, a Group I element, and fluorine, a Group VII element. Explain your answer. bonding … explanation … … … [2]

22 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 9 (a) Many human activities can affect the environment. Draw one line from each human activity to its effect. One line is drawn for you. human activity effect protects endangered species can cause eutrophication can poison animals in the food chain can cause extinction of land-living animals adds sulfur dioxide to the air adding fertiliser to rivers adding mercury to water burning coal and oil large scale deforestation [3] (b) Human activities can cause an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (i) State one large-scale human activity that increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. …[1] (ii) Explain why an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is undesirable. … … … … … …[3]

23 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 BLANK PAGE Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

24 0653/33/O/N/16 © UCLES 2016 Group The Periodic Table of Elements 1 H hydrogen 1 2 He helium 4 I II III IV V VI VII VIII 3 Li lithium 7 4 Be beryllium 9 atomic number atomic symbol Key name relative atomic mass 11 Na sodium 23 12 Mg magnesium 24 19 K potassium 39 20 Ca calcium 40 37 Rb rubidium 85 38 Sr strontium 88 55 Cs caesium 133 56 Ba barium 137 87 Fr francium – 88 Ra radium – 5 B boron 11 13 Al aluminium 27 31 Ga gallium 70 49 In indium 115 81 Tl thallium 204 6 C carbon 12 14 Si silicon 28 32 Ge germanium 73 50 Sn tin 119 82 Pb lead 207 22 Ti titanium 48 40 Zr zirconium 91 72 Hf hafnium 178 104 Rf rutherfordium – 23 V vanadium 51 41 Nb niobium 93 73 Ta tantalum 181 105 Db dubnium – 24 Cr chromium 52 42 Mo molybdenum 96 74 W tungsten 184 106 Sg seaborgium – 25 Mn manganese 55 43 Tc technetium – 75 Re rhenium 186 107 Bh bohrium – 26 Fe iron 56 44 Ru ruthenium 101 76 Os osmium 190 108 Hs hassium – 27 Co cobalt 59 45 Rh rhodium 103 77 Ir iridium 192 109 Mt meitnerium – 28 Ni nickel 59 46 Pd palladium 106 78 Pt platinum 195 110 Ds darmstadtium – 29 Cu copper 64 47 Ag silver 108 79 Au gold 197 111 Rg roentgenium – 30 Zn zinc 65 48 Cd cadmium 112 80 Hg mercury 201 112 Cn copernicium – 114 Fl flerovium – 116 Lv livermorium – 7 N nitrogen 14 15 P phosphorus 31 33 As arsenic 75 51 Sb antimony 122 83 Bi bismuth 209 8 O oxygen 16 16 S sulfur 32 34 Se selenium 79 52 Te tellurium 128 84 Po polonium – 9 F fluorine 19 17 Cl chlorine 35.5 35 Br bromine 80 53 I iodine 127 85 At astatine – 10 Ne neon 20 18 Ar argon 40 36 Kr krypton 84 54 Xe xenon 131 86 Rn radon – 21 Sc scandium 45 39 Y yttrium 89 57–71 lanthanoids 89–103 actinoids 57 La lanthanum 139 89 Ac lanthanoids actinoids actinium – 58 Ce cerium 140 90 Th thorium 232 59 Pr praseodymium 141 91 Pa protactinium 231 60 Nd neodymium 144 92 U uranium 238 61 Pm promethium – 93 Np neptunium – 62 Sm samarium 150 94 Pu plutonium – 63 Eu europium 152 95 Am americium – 64 Gd gadolinium 157 96 Cm curium – 65 Tb terbium 159 97 Bk berkelium – 66 Dy dysprosium 163 98 Cf californium – 67 Ho holmium 165 99 Es einsteinium – 68 Er erbium 167 100 Fm fermium – 69 Tm thulium 169 101 Md mendelevium – 70 Yb ytterbium 173 102 No nobelium – 71 Lu lutetium 175 103 Lr lawrencium –

® IGCSE is the registered trademark of Cambridge International Examinations. This document consists of 6 printed pages. © UCLES 2016 [Turn over Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/33 Paper 3 Extended Theory October/November 2016 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 80 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2016 series for most Cambridge IGCSE®, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2016 0653 33 © UCLES 2016 1 (a) (i) work done = force × distance / F × d / 300 × 0.4 ; = 120 ; J ; [3] (ii) 120 (J) ; allow ecf from (i) [1] (b) (i) KE = ½ mv2 / ½ x 0.1 × (30)2 ; = 45 (J) ; [2] (ii) efficiency = energy out / energy in × 100 (or equivalent) ; = (45 / 120) × 100 = 37.5 (%) ; [2] (iii) (slowed down by) air resistance / friction / other reasonable opposing force ; [1] 2 (a) (i) stopwatch / timer ; [1] (ii) calcium / Ca ; [1] (b) concentration higher concentration increases speed / less time for the reaction ; higher number of particles / particles are closer together ; (so) particles collide more often ; temperature Higher temp increases speed / less time for the reaction ; particles have more energy / are moving faster ; (so) particles collide more often / particles collide with more energy / more successful collisions ; [max 4] (c) calcium magnesium zinc iron copper ; all 5 correct [1] (d) (test-tube A) tin is less reactive than magnesium ; (test-tube B) lead is more reactive than copper ; [2]

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2016 0653 33 © UCLES 2016 3 (a) (i) blood passes through the heart twice for each circuit / there are two circulation paths – one to the lungs and one to the body ; [1] (ii) C and the aorta ; takes blood from left ventricle / chamber with the thickest wall / blood has to go greater distance / owtte ; [2] (iii) (valves) prevent backflow of blood ; (wide lumen) reduces resistance of blood flow ; [2] (b) (i) to supply more oxygen / glucose (to the cells / muscles) ; for respiration ; to release / supply more energy (for contraction of muscles) ; to remove carbon dioxide more quickly ; [max 3] (ii) any suitable activity, e.g. walking and activity is more energetic / active / uses more oxygen than sitting but is less energetic / active / uses less oxygen than running ; [1] 4 (a) (i) Gamma radiation ultra-violet infra-red radio waves infra-red ; in correct box ; [2] (ii) All e/m waves travel at same (high) speed (in vacuo) ; [1] (b) (i) (matt) black ; accept reasonable alternatives that have a deep hue, e.g. deep (or dark) blue black is a better absorber of i/r ; [2] (ii) conduction ; convection ; [2] (iii) water expands on heating ; heated / hot / warm water less dense than cold, (so rises while cold sinks) ; owtte [2]

Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2016 0653 33 © UCLES 2016 5 (a) (i) methane ; [1] (ii) fossil / non-renewable ; fractional distillation ; [2] (b) C8H18 ; C2H4 ; [2] (c) (i) contains carbon & hydrogen ; and one of a compound / molecule ; only ; [2] (ii) C6H12 because (general formula is) CnH2n / unsaturated / contains a double bond ; [1] (iii) bromine / bromine water ; (alkanes) no change and (alkenes) decolourised ; [2] 6 (a) (stamen) longer / found dangling outside the flower ; (stigma) feathery / larger / found outside the flower ; [2] (b) slide 1 – no mark smaller / lighter therefore can be carried by the wind ; smoother surface therefore less friction / air resistance ; [max 1] (c) (i) any two from increased rate of transpiration (at 27 °C) / more water lost from plant ; molecules have more (kinetic) energy ; [2] (ii) any value less than 1.1 cm because the rate of evaporation / transpiration is lower in humid conditions ; [1] (d) root X – no mark it has root hair cells ; larger surface area for absorption of water ; [2] (e) traps light energy ; converts it to chemical energy /glucose ; [2]

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2016 0653 33 © UCLES 2016 7 (a) (i) 50 (cm) ; [1] (ii) maximum displacement (from no displacement to peak) ; [1] (b) variable resistor symbol ; ammeter symbol ; all connected in series to form a complete circuit ; [3] (c) (i) R = V ÷ I / 3 ÷ 2 ; = 1.5 (Ω) ; [2] (ii) power = V × I / 3 × 2 ; = 6 watt(s) / W ; [2] 8 (a) solid at room temp / below melting point ; ions must be mobile ; [2] (b) ions move towards the anode / positive electrode ; ions lose (two) electrons / (two) electrons move to the anode / ions are discharged / become atoms ; [2] (c) reduced because it loses oxygen ; accept aluminium (ions) gain electrons [1] (d) 2 electrons in 1st shell and 8 in 2nd shell ; [1] (e) ionic ; metal and non-metal combined ; [2]

Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2016 0653 33 © UCLES 2016 9 (a) human activity effect adds sulfur dioxide to the air adding fertiliser to rivers can cause extinction of land – living animals adding mercury to water protects endangered species burning coal and oil can cause eutrophication large scale deforestation can poison animals in the food chain [3] (b) (i) burning fossil fuels / deforestation ; [1] (ii) (explanation of greenhouse gas) absorbs heat / infra-red radiation from the earth ; causes the temperature of the atmosphere to rise / global warming carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas ; consequence, e.g. flooding / melting ice caps / changes in weather patterns / avp ; [3]