Pressure — Paper 2 · IGCSE Physics (9-1) 0972

4 Diagram 1 shows a beam balance. A beaker with a wire loop balances the standard masses. The beaker is then removed and hung from a spring. The spring extends by 5.0 cm, as in diagram 2. diagram 1 diagram 2 beam beaker with spring standard balance wire loop masses attached beaker with wire loop attached The experiment is repeated with the same apparatus on the Moon, where the acceleration of free fall is less than on Earth. Which statement describes what happens on the Moon? A The beam balance is balanced and the spring extends by 5.0 cm. B The beam balance is balanced and the spring extends by less than 5.0 cm. C The right-hand balance pan is higher and the spring extends by 5.0 cm. D The right-hand balance pan is higher and the spring extends by less than 5.0 cm.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2018

13 Four identical beakers are filled with equal volumes of liquids P or Q, as shown. Liquid P is more dense than liquid Q. At which point is the pressure the least? liquid P B liquid Q D A C

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2018

14 An oil tank has a base of area 2.5 m2 and is filled with oil to a depth of 1.2 m. The density of the oil is 800 kg / m3. What is the force exerted on the base of the tank due to the oil? A 960 N B 2400 N C 9600 N D 24 000 N

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2018

15 When molecules of a gas rebound from a wall of a container, the wall experiences a pressure. What is the cause of this pressure? A the change in energy of the molecules B the change in momentum of the molecules C the change in power of the molecules D the change in speed of the molecules

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2018

12 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply. manometer connection to gas supply h liquid Which change gives a greater value of height h ? A using a less dense liquid B using a more dense liquid C using a narrower tube D using a wider tube

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2018

13 A washbasin has an exit pipe covered with a plug of area 12 cm2. A chain is attached to the centre of the plug to assist in pulling the plug away from the exit hole. The washbasin contains water to a depth of 0.080 m. The density of the water is 1000 kg / m3. chain plug What is the force acting on the plug due to the water? A 0.96 N B 800 N C 9600 N D 80 000 N

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2018

15 The gas in a sealed container is compressed at constant temperature. Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes with its volume? A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2018

13 The diagram shows a stone suspended on a string under the surface of a liquid. The stone experiences a pressure caused by the liquid. string stone liquid What would increase the pressure on the stone? A decreasing the surface area of the stone B increasing the mass of the stone C lowering the stone deeper into the liquid D using a liquid with a lower density

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2019

13 The diagram shows a stone suspended on a string under the surface of a liquid. The stone experiences a pressure caused by the liquid. string stone liquid What would increase the pressure on the stone? A decreasing the surface area of the stone B increasing the mass of the stone C lowering the stone deeper into the liquid D using a liquid with a lower density

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0972/22 May/June 2019

13 A drawing pin (thumb tack) has a sharp point at one end and a flat surface at the other end. sharp point flat surface The pin is pushed into a wooden board. How do the pressure and the force at the sharp point compare with the pressure and the force on the flat surface? force at the sharp point pressure at the sharp point A greater than on the flat surface greater than on the flat surface B greater than on the flat surface less than on the flat surface C the same as on the flat surface greater than on the flat surface D the same as on the flat surface less than on the flat surface

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2019

14 An object is 20 cm below the surface of a liquid. The density of the liquid is 1200 kg / m3. What is the pressure on the object due to the liquid? A 600 Pa B 2400 Pa C 60 000 Pa D 240 000 Pa

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2019

16 A bubble of gas is formed deep under water. The bubble has a volume of 40 cm3 and the pressure inside the bubble is P. The bubble rises up through the water. The volume of the bubble increases to 56 cm3 and the pressure becomes 100 kPa. The temperature of the gas does not change. What is the initial pressure P ? A 71 Pa B 71 kPa C 140 Pa D 140 kPa

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2019

12 The diagram shows a solid block resting on a bench. The dimensions of the block are shown. 40 cm 20 cm Q R bench 80 cm P On which labelled surface should the block rest to produce the smallest pressure on the bench? A P B Q C R D P, Q and R produce the same pressure

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2020

13 The pressure due to the liquid on an object immersed in that liquid is 4500 Pa. The density of the liquid is 900 kg / m3. What is the depth of the object below the surface of the liquid? A 0.5 cm B 2.0 cm C 50 cm D 200 cm

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2020

12 The diagram shows a solid block resting on a bench. The dimensions of the block are shown. 40 cm 20 cm Q R bench 80 cm P On which labelled surface should the block rest to produce the smallest pressure on the bench? A P B Q C R D P, Q and R produce the same pressure

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/22 May/June 2020

13 An object is 60 cm below the surface of a liquid. The pressure due to the liquid at this depth is 9000 Pa. What is the density of the liquid? A 15 kg / m3 B 540 kg / m3 C 1500 kg / m3 D 54 000 kg / m3

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0972/22 May/June 2020

13 A barometer reads 780 mm Hg. Mercury has a density of 1.36  104 kg / m3. What is the pressure of the atmosphere in N / m2? A 1.1  104 N / m2 B 1.1  105 N / m2 C 1.1  107 N / m2 D 1.1  108 N / m2

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2020

14 The diagram shows a mercury barometer. Which height is used as a measurement of atmospheric pressure? D mercury C B A

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2020

11 Four containers are filled to the top with the same liquid. The base of each container is circular. Which container has the greatest pressure exerted by the liquid at its base? A B C D

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2021

13 The diagram shows two cylinders connected by a narrow tube fitted with a tap. tap 80 cm3 20 cm3 One cylinder contains 80 cm3 of gas at a pressure of 2.0  105 Pa. The other cylinder contains a vacuum. The volume of the evacuated cylinder is 20 cm3. The tap is opened so that the gas can flow to fill both cylinders. The temperature of the gas remains constant. What is the new pressure of the gas? A 0.50  105 Pa B 1.6  105 Pa C 2.5  105 Pa D 8.0  105 Pa

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2021

13 The diagram shows a deep reservoir formed by a dam. water dam X On what does the pressure at X depend? A the depth of the water at X B the length of the reservoir C the surface area of the water D the thickness of the dam wall

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2022

13 The diagram shows a deep reservoir formed by a dam. water dam X On what does the pressure at X depend? A the depth of the water at X B the length of the reservoir C the surface area of the water D the thickness of the dam wall

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/22 May/June 2022

11 A manometer containing water is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply, as shown. water gas supply 40 cm 10 cm The density of water is 1000 kg / m3. What is the pressure of the gas supply? A 300 Pa above atmospheric pressure B 400 Pa above atmospheric pressure C 3000 Pa above atmospheric pressure D 4000 Pa above atmospheric pressure

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2022

12 A fixed mass of gas is trapped in a container. The temperature of the gas is increased but the volume of the gas is kept constant. fixed mass of gas How does this change affect the average kinetic energy of the molecules and the pressure on the walls of the container? average pressure kinetic energy A increases increases B stays the same increases C increases decreases D decreases increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2022

13 A dam holds water in a reservoir. The height of the water in the reservoir is 15 m. dam water in 15 m reservoir The density of water is 1000 kg / m3. What is the pressure due to the water at the bottom of the dam? A 6.8 Pa B 1500 Pa C 15 000 Pa D 150 000 Pa

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2023

13 The density of sea water is 1030 kg / m3. The gravitational field strength on the Earth is 9.8 N / kg. Atmospheric pressure is 101 000 Pa. At which depth in sea water is the total pressure due to the atmosphere and the water equal to 513 000 Pa? A 40.8 m B 50.8 m C 400 m D 498 m

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/22 May/June 2023

11 The water in a swimming pool exerts a pressure at the bottom of the pool. Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure exerted by the water and the depth of water in the pool? (Assume the density of water is constant.) A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 depth 0 depth C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 depth 0 depth

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2023

13 A gas is contained in a cylinder by a movable piston. gas cylinder piston The gas is heated so that it expands at constant pressure. How is the force of each collision of a gas particle with the piston affected and how does the frequency of collisions between the gas particles and the piston change? force frequency A increases decreases B increases increases C stays the same decreases D stays the same increases

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2023

10 Gas of volume 200 cm3 is trapped inside a container by a piston. The piston is pushed to the right and the volume of the gas decreases to 100 cm3. The temperature of the gas remains constant. trapped gas piston container Which row states the effect that this has on the kinetic energy of the gas particles and the force per unit area exerted by the particles colliding with the inside walls of the container? kinetic energy force per unit area A doubles doubles B doubles stays the same C stays the same doubles D stays the same stays the same

1 marks

Answer: C

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2024

11 Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature? A B pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume C D pressure pressure 0 0 0 volume 0 volume

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2024

8 The equation p = gh can be used for a liquid. What is the meaning of the term  ? A pressure due to the liquid B density of the liquid C total pressure due to the liquid and the air above the liquid D density of an object placed in the liquid

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0972/22 May/June 2024

11 An elephant of weight 45 000 N stands with all four feet on the floor. The average pressure on the floor due to the elephant foot in contact with it is 34 000 Pa. What is the area of each foot of the elephant? A 0.19 m2 B 0.33 m2 C 0.76 m2 D 1.3 m2

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2024

12 Some air is trapped inside a metal container with a tightly fitting lid. tightly fitting lid metal container air heat The container is heated strongly behind a safety screen. The lid is blown off by the increased pressure of the air inside the container. What causes the increase in pressure of the air inside the container? A Each air particle expands and takes up more room. B The air particles move more quickly. C The number of particles inside the container increases. D The volume occupied by the air decreases.

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2024

9 A farmer has two carts. The carts have the same weight, but one has four narrow wheels and the other has four wide wheels. narrow wheel wide wheel Which cart wheels sink less into soft ground and what is the reason? cart wheels reason A narrow greater pressure on the ground B narrow less pressure on the ground C wide greater pressure on the ground D wide less pressure on the ground

1 marks

Answer: D

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2025

11 A fixed mass of gas has a volume of 1.2 m3 and is at a pressure of 200 kPa. The gas expands at constant temperature to a volume of 1.8 m3. What is the new pressure of the gas? A 120 kPa B 130 kPa C 300 kPa D 600 kPa

1 marks

Answer: B

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2025

14 A sealed container of gas is heated. The pressure of the gas increases. Which statement explains this increase in pressure? A The forces of the gas particles striking the walls of the container increase. B The forces of attraction between the gas particles and the walls of the container increase. C The gas particles collide with each other more frequently. D The gas particles lose more energy when they strike the walls of the container.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 May/June 2025

9 Diagram 1 shows a conical flask containing water. Diagram 2 shows a beaker with the same base area as the flask and containing water of the same depth d. diagram 1 diagram 2 water water d d X Y P Which statement is correct? A The pressure at P is equal to the pressure at X. B The pressure at P is greater than the pressure at Y. C The pressure at P is greater than the pressure at X. D The pressure at Y is greater than the pressure at X.

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2025

10 A flask with a tight-fitting stopper contains a gas. The gas and flask are initially at room temperature. tight-fitting stopper gas The gas and flask are cooled. Which row describes the average speed of the gas particles and the pressure of the gas as the temperature decreases? average speed of pressure of the gas particles the gas A decreases decreases B decreases stays the same C increases increases D increases stays the same

1 marks

Answer: A

This question in 0972/21 Oct/Nov 2025