Cambridge A Level General Paper (AS Level only) 8001 — 2015 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 1

This document consists of 11 printed pages and 1 blank page and 1 insert. DC (NH) 96856/6 © UCLES 2015 [Turn over * 8 8 6 0 3 6 1 1 6 4 * GENERAL PAPER 8001/21 Paper 2 October/November 2015 1 hour 30 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. Additional Materials: Insert READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the boxes above. Write in dark blue or black pen. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer one question. The total time of 1 hour 30 minutes includes time for you to study the questions before you begin your answer. You may make notes during this time if you wish. Up to 15 marks will be given for the quality and accuracy of your English throughout this paper. Dictionaries are not permitted. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary Level

2 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 1 Study Passage 1 in the Insert to answer the following questions (a)–(e). Note: When a question asks for an answer IN YOUR OWN WORDS and you select the appropriate material from the passage for your answer, you must still use your own words to express it. Little credit can be given to answers which only copy words or phrases from the passage. (a) Give five reasons why the Council rejected the option of the Holiday Camp, and justify your reasoning. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [10]

3 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 [Turn over (b) In about 120 of your own words, explain which one of schemes C or D you think the Council will choose to re-image Bogjani. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [12] (c) Explain the following expressions: (i) putting it back on the map (line 5) … … (ii) jutting out (line 9) … … (iii) state-of-the-art (line 16) … … [3]

4 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 (d) In the list of Considerations, which one is least likely to influence the Council’s decision- making, and why? … … … … … [3] (e) If you were the owner of a number of medium-sized hotels (about 50 rooms), would you decide to build a new hotel in Bogjani? Explain your decision. … … … … … … … … … … … … [7] Note: Up to an additional 15 marks will be available for use of English.

5 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 [Turn over 2 Study Passage 2 in the Insert to answer the following questions (a)–(e). Note: When a question asks for an answer IN YOUR OWN WORDS and you select the appropriate material from the passage for your answer, you must still use your own words to express it. Little credit can be given to answers which only copy words or phrases from the passage. (a) Using your own words, describe how the Littlewoods catalogue could have been a ‘treasure-trove’ (line 37). … … … … … … [4] (b) Explain what is meant by the following: (i) far-fetched (line 6) … … [1] (ii) window shopping without the window (line 40) … … … [2] (c) Using your own words, say why the Mid-West of the USA and the Outback of Australia were popular starting places for catalogue companies, but these did not appear in Britain until much later. … … … … … … … … [6]

6 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 (d) (i) In your own words, describe the disadvantages of the modern ‘shopping experience’, as stated in the passage. … … … … … … … … … … [6] (ii) What do you think are the advantages of the modern ‘shopping experience’ to the shopper? … … … … … … … [4]

7 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 [Turn over (e) Using evidence from the passage and your knowledge of the present day, in about 120 words explain why David was proved wrong about online shopping by 2015. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [12] Note: Up to an additional 15 marks will be available for use of English.

8 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 3 Study Passage 3 in the Insert to answer the following questions (a)–(e). Note: When a question asks for an answer IN YOUR OWN WORDS and you select the appropriate material from the passage for your answer, you must still use your own words to express it. Little credit can be given to answers which only copy words or phrases from the passage. (a) (i) Describe briefly how the form of graffiti has changed over the centuries (lines 20–32). … … … … … [3] (ii) From the passage, name two unusual places you can find graffiti today. 1 … 2 … [2] (b) In not more than 100 of your own words, summarise Dr. Schofield’s arguments for wanting to make the Denmark Street property a blue wall plaque site of heritage. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [10]

9 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 [Turn over (c) Explain why you think Dr. Schofield’s suggestions will be likely to attract ‘howls of protest’. … … … … … … … [3] (d) What does the expression ‘putting the cart before the horse’ (line 53) mean in the context of the passage? … … … … … … … [5]

10 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 (e) (i) Explain the meanings of the following words as they are used in the passage. You may write the answer as a single word or a short phrase. merit (line 2) … initiating (line 13) … theatre (line 29) … controversy (line 33) … hot (line 37) … radical (line 56) … [6]

11 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 (ii) Use these words in six separate sentences to illustrate their meanings as used in the passage. Your sentences should not deal with the subject matter of the passage. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6] Note: Up to an additional 15 marks will be available for use of English.

12 8001/21/O/N/15 © UCLES 2015 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. BLANK PAGE

® IGCSE is the registered trademark of Cambridge International Examinations. CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary Level MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2015 series 8001 GENERAL PAPER 8001/21 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 50 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2015 series for most Cambridge IGCSE®, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2015 8001 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2015 1 (a) Credit the material below or any other valid points: • Such camps are old-fashioned and therefore may not appeal to prospective visitors. • It will not enhance the status of the town as a tourist resort. • It would cater to only the working classes. • The campers would have a low spending power. • The site is on the edge of the cliffs which may erode, or which may cause danger to children even if fenced off. • Limited access to the beach via a footpath/mar access along the coastal path. • The High School would object because of the noise and the distraction. • The Golf Club would be mortified by the noise and ugly view. • A new access road would have to be built around the golf course, at the Council’s expense. • It is nearly 2 kilometres from the town centre for extra trade. • There will be road works on the east side of town which would disrupt building work. • The operators along the Entertainment strip abutting the town centre would be unhappy because the camp’s activities would mirror theirs and thus reduce their income perhaps. • No offer of compensation from the Council like the Theme Park and the Marina. 5 × 2 or 10 × 1 [10] Award two marks for each developed point; award one mark for anything proceeding on the right lines and the second mark for exemplification.

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2015 8001 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2015 (b) Credit the material below or any other valid points. [The candidate can only gain credit for answers based on one scheme.] The two answers are Theme Park (C) or Marina (D). Theme Park (C) • Offered the Council compensation of $20 million which it can use to fund other projects like the new road. • The site is the cheapest land in the town. • It would employ the second highest number of staff (dev. point). They would employ a lot of people (point). • It would cater for mainly day-trippers, who make up the majority of Bogjani’s visitors. • Being state-of-the-art, it would attract much greater numbers of visitors and from further afield, which would benefit the town in other spending ways too. • It would increase Bogjani’s publicity in the region (point). • Being on the edge of town, it would cause few problems of noise or disruption. • It has reasonable road access and would not cause traffic jams around the town centre. • It is only a 1 kilometre walk from the town centre, close for bus or rail visitors and for people to spend in the shops, etc. Marina (D) • Offered the Council compensation of $10 million which would be useful for other projects / although not the highest compensation offered, $10 million is still an attractive figure. • It would be a prestigious development which would enhance the town’s reputation in the region. • It would complement the expensive property that would face it. • It would be an attraction addition to the seafront, but not central, so spreading the attractions. • The people who frequent it would have a higher spending power than the average $63 per day. • It would offer the town more variety of eating possibilities. • It would provide a more prestigious venue than the old fishing harbour. • It would protect the rest of the town’s beach from the strong west to east currents and hence reduce erosion. • The Council leader might influence the councillors into agreeing the town needs a new prestigious marina, being a sailor himself. • The Council members are rich and verging on elderly, so they might favour this project which suits their lifestyle more than any of the others. Whilst deciding a mark, award 11–12 for a relevant, developed assessment that endorses only one scheme and gives at least five reasons; 8–10 when one of the criteria above has not been satisfied; 5–7 when two of the criteria above have not been satisfied; 3–4 when the answer is badly flawed but contains some worthwhile material; 1–2 when there is little merit in the answer; 0 when there is no merit. [12] Any relevant content well above 120 words should be totally disregarded. Examiners should draw a double horizontal line at that point. Too short an answer means the content will be inadequate.

Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2015 8001 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2015 (c) (i) making it well known again (ii) sticking out/protruding from (iii) the latest technology 3 × 1 [3] (d) The most likely answer is Consideration 16 – rare birds, because they are not affected by any of the schemes and can remain in isolation happily breeding. But candidates might make a case for others, such as: number 17 – local labour, because this would affect all sites equally and therefore none more than another. number 18 – no hotels, because this does not have any bearing on choosing a scheme and would only be a result of the scheme perhaps afterwards. Award marks as follows: 3 sound choice; sound justification 2 possible choice; reasonable justification 1 sound choice; weak justification 0 suspect choice; weak justification [3] (e) Credit the material below or any other valid point. The more likely answer is yes because: • Bogjani has no medium-size hotels yet. • There would be little competition. • The new airport would bring more long-stay arrivals. • The chosen scheme, and airport, might bring in a better level of customer needing a hotel. • Labour would be cheap as many are unemployed and need work. • It would help re-image the town further. • Therefore the Council might give a grant. Be prepared for ‘no’ answers and credit accordingly. 7 × 1 [credit extra marks for any development] [7]

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2015 8001 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2015 2 (a) Credit only the material below: • A collection of • rare, unusual products • brought from all over the world. • Many too expensive for the average pocket, • but nice to imagine having them. • Brought glamour into people’s lives. • Added unexplained things or secrets to people’s lives. 4 × 1 [4] (b) (i) hard to believe/impossible to imagine [1] (ii) like looking through the windows of a shop but without the shop (1), so using the computer screen as the shop window (1) [2] (c) Credit only the material below: • Isolation (and probably poor transport). • Great distances to travel, slowly, to get to shops. • Only embryonic towns in the early days of Mid-West/Outback. • Limited products when towns finally started (as seen in all good cowboy films!). • In UK no problems as a smaller country so people could get to shops/towns more easily. • In UK catalogues were more for luxury goods from overseas which were hard to obtain. 3 × 2 or 6 × 1 [6] Award two marks for each developed point; award one mark for anything proceeding on the right lines and the second mark for exemplification. (d) (i) Credit only the material below: • Heavy traffic/congestion. • No parking. • Very/enormous/impossibly high parking charges (no credit for just ‘high’). • Difficulty pushing through crowds in shops. • Difficulty negotiating crowds in the streets. • Cost/difficulty of transport to get to the centre. • Thieves/shoplifting. 6 × 1 or credit some genuine development for second mark. [6]

Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2015 8001 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2015 (ii) Credit the material below or any other valid points: • Special excursion/day out, maybe combined with dinner/cinema/show. • Family occasion/friends day out. • The fun of comparison shopping. • The excitement of looking, finding, trying products. • Store cards / reward cards / nectar cards, etc. • BOGOF deals. • References to the advantages of online shopping. 4 × 1 [4] (e) Credit the material below or any other valid points. Be alert to exemplification. • Payment solutions, e.g. PayPal. • Delivery solutions, e.g. private carriers and rise of major companies, e.g. Parcelforce, UPS (also credit companies local to candidate’s own country). • Postage….people would pay, for the convenience, savings over parking costs, petrol, etc., gained time for other activities. • Customers would trust catalogue photos and descriptions, etc., especially as products guaranteed and returns acceptable. • Deliveries would be fast, not ‘take ages’. • Fewer shops meant large distribution centres and efficiency. • Costs are lower with fewer shop rents, fewer staff, greater efficiency, so products are priced competitively. • Sales have reached $110 billion. • It has created 11 million jobs. • Usefulness of comparison sites. • Credit card guarantees extra insurance for the purchaser. • Home delivery to the correct address. • Know if item is in stock. 6 × 2 or 12 × 1 [12] Any relevant content well above 120 words should be totally disregarded. Examiners should draw a double horizontal line at that point. Too short an answer means the content will be inadequate. 3 (a) (i) Credit the material below: • Originally graffiti were pre-historic cave paintings (using animal bones and pigments). • Then, in Greece and Italy, it was writing on surfaces of public places (about love, politics, curses or spells). • Today it can be either words or pictures (often obscene) scrawled on public places. 3 × 1 [3]

Page 7 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2015 8001 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2015 (ii) Credit any two: • Terrace ends (of Manchester). • Housing blocks (of Singapore). • Underground trains (of Rome). 1 + 1 [2] (b) Credit the material below or any other valid point from the passage: • They are valuable pieces of art that can be compared even to prehistoric cave paintings. • They are strong manifestations of a powerful protest movement. • They could be more important than finding the first Beatles music recordings. • Or Tutankhamun’s tomb in Egypt. • They affirm that the building in which they were found is an important historical place. • The Denmark Street building could become famous like the Lascaux Caves where the early cave paintings were discovered. • As a tourist attraction earning foreign currency. • The building and drawings are something that government conservation departments would not normally preserve and therefore… • …that is in keeping with what Punk Rock was all about – anti-establishment. • They should be kept for the benefit of people in the future. 5 × 2 [10] (c) Credit the following or any other valid point: • The Sex Pistols’ music was hated by many as it protested against the very foundations of society. • They played weird music which was not popular with most people. • Hence they were famous for the wrong reasons. • Most people would not want to remember them for posterity. • Their message achieved little or nothing, therefore they are not worthy to be remembered. • The movement did not last long. • The graffiti is obscene and offensive, and • Has little artistic merit. • Buildings are only preserved if worthy, famous people of whom we can be proud lived in them. • Could be perceived as a waste of money on something trivial. 3 × 1 [3]

Page 8 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2015 8001 21 © Cambridge International Examinations 2015 (d) Credit the following or any other valid point: The candidate should • explain the expression itself, e.g. agreeing something before it has even been discussed (1) • then explain its context, i.e. if they are not found to be graffiti and instead only mere scribblings there will not even be a reason to discuss whether the Denmark Street house should be conserved as a blue plaque site, as it can only become one if the drawings are classified as graffiti (4). 1 + 4 [5] (e) (i) merit deserve, are worthy of initiating starting, beginning, creating theatre zone, area, region, hinterland controversy argument, disagreement, dispute, quarrel, debatable issues hot heated, fiery, emotional, exciting, intense, animated, lively, angry radical controversial, not normal, fundamental, drastic 6 × 1 [6] (ii) merit Often painters do not merit recognition whilst they are still alive but gain their fame long after they are dead. initiating John was thought responsible for initiating the widespread reforms in the factory, but in fact his father before him had started the process of change. theatre As the sophistication of weaponry has escalated so has the theatre of war, and today nowhere in the world is safe. controversy Whether or not the principal should expel Raj for smoking has caused considerable controversy in the school because the opinions are not unanimous. hot Having four ear piercings, rather than one, is certainly a hot issue at the moment as everyone is arguing about the pros and cons of the related health issues. radical The council was criticised for its radical attempt to introduce five different recycling bins for each household instead of the usual two. 6 × 1 [6]