Cambridge IGCSE Sciences - Co-ordinated (Double) 0654 — 2003 May/June Paper 2 · Variant 1

This document consists of 22 printed pages and 2 blank pages. MML 3222 4/02 S41646/2 © CIE 2003 [Turn over CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES 0654/02 Paper 2 May/June 2003 2 hours Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, tables or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer all questions. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 24. Centre Number Candidate Number Name For Examiner’s Use 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Total If you have been given a label, look at the details. If any details are incorrect or missing, please fill in your correct details in the space given at the top of this page. Stick your personal label here, if provided. UNIVERSITY of CAMBRIDGE Local Examinations Syndicate www.XtremePapers.com

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a white blood cell. Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) Describe two ways in which the structure of a red blood cell differs from the structure of a white blood cell. 1. … 2. … [2] (ii) Describe two ways in which the structure of a plant cell from a leaf differs from the structure of the white blood cell shown in Fig. 1.1. 1. … 2. … [2] (b) State the function of white blood cells. … [1] (c) In the disease AIDS, white blood cells are infected by a virus. (i) Give the name of the virus which causes AIDS. … [1] (ii) State two ways in which this virus can be transmitted. 1. … 2. … [2] 2 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use

2 Explain the following in terms of particles and their movement. (a) A puddle of water evaporates more quickly on a warm day than on a cool day. … … … … … [3] (b) When a solid is heated it expands. … … … … … [3] (c) A metal bar conducts heat. … … … … [2] 3 0654/02/M/J/03 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use

3 (a) Fig. 3.1 shows the structure of four substances, A, B, C and D, which contain carbon atoms. Fig. 3.1 State which of these substances is an element. Explain your answer. … … … [2] carbon atom oxygen atom hydrogen atom A B C D key 4 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use

(b) Potassium reacts with bromine to form compound X. (i) Name compound X. … [1] Compound X may be decomposed into potassium and bromine using electrolysis, as shown in Fig. 3.2. Fig. 3.2 (ii) Explain why compound X must be heated strongly in this process. … … … [2] (iii) Explain why it is possible to predict at which electrode potassium will be formed. … … [1] (iv) A word equation for the reaction between potassium and bromine is shown below. potassium + bromine → compound X ……………………… ……………………… ……………………… On the line below each substance write the term, chosen from the following list, which best describes its structure. giant ionic giant metallic giant molecular simple molecular [3] d.c. power pack brown fumes molten compound X heat + _ 5 0654/02/M/J/03 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use

4 Fig. 4.1 shows a lizard, which is a reptile. Fig. 4.1 (a) Describe two ways in which reptiles differ from amphibians. 1. … … 2. … … [2] (b) The skin colour of this reptile is controlled by a gene with two alleles. Allele G gives green skin, and allele g gives brown skin. (i) State the genotype of a brown lizard. … [1] (ii) State the genotype of a homozygous green lizard. … [1] 6 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use

(iii) Complete the genetic diagram to show the offspring that could be produced from two parents with the genotypes Gg and Gg. (You may use the space below for your working.) phenotypes of parents genotypes of parents Gg Gg gametes produced genotypes of offspring [3] (iv) State the ratio of green to brown offspring that would be expected from this cross. … green : … brown [1] 7 0654/02/M/J/03 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use

5 Fig. 5.1 shows a hovercraft. Fig. 5.1 (a) When a hovercraft is moving, the friction between it and the surface it is travelling over is very low. Explain the advantage of having this low friction. … … … [2] (b) A small hovercraft has a mass of 2000 kg. It hovers a few centimetres above the water. It is supported by a cushion of air, which covers an area of 8 m2. The air pressure is kept at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. (i) If the Earth’s gravitational field strength is 10 N / kg, state the weight of the hovercraft. … N [1] (ii) State the upward force that the air cushion must provide to keep the hovercraft hovering above the water. … N [1] 8 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use

(c) Fig. 5.2 shows a speed-time graph for a hovercraft making a very short journey. Fig. 5.2 (i) State the maximum speed of the hovercraft. … m / s [1] (ii) For how many seconds does the hovercraft stay at its maximum speed? … seconds [1] (iii) For how many seconds does the hovercraft move? … seconds [1] (iv) Calculate the acceleration of the hovercraft during the first 40 seconds. Show your working. … m / s2 [2] 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 10 20 time/s speed/ m per s 9 0654/02/M/J/03 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use

6 Petroleum (crude oil) is a fossil fuel. It consists of a mixture of compounds, most of which are hydrocarbons. (a) Explain the meaning of the term fossil fuel. … … … [2] (b) (i) The chemical formulae of three hydrocarbons, X, Y and Z, are shown below. X – C10H22 Y – C20H42 Z – C5H12 Complete Fig. 6.1 below by writing in the letters, X, Y or Z. Fig. 6.1 [1] (ii) Explain briefly your answer to (i). … … [1] 10 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use hydrocarbon boiling point / °C 344 174 36

Fig. 6.2 shows industrial apparatus used to separate petroleum into simpler mixtures. Fig. 6.2 (iii) Name the process which is carried out in this apparatus. … [1] (iv) At which point, A, B or C, in Fig. 6.2 is C5H12 most likely to be produced? … [1] (c) In catalytic cracking, large saturated hydrocarbon molecules are broken down into simpler ones. Some of these simpler molecules are unsaturated. Describe the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated hydrocarbon. … … … [2] A B C 11 0654/02/M/J/03 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use

7 A plant growing in a pot was covered with a transparent polythene bag. The plant was placed in a sunny window and left there for 24 hours. Samples of air were taken from the bag at hourly intervals. The concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air inside the bag was then measured. The results for oxygen are shown in Fig. 7.1. Fig. 7.1 (a) Explain why the bag covering the plant needed to be transparent. … … [2] (b) With reference to photosynthesis and respiration, explain the shape of the curve in Fig. 7.1. … … … … [2] 12 noon 2pm 4pm 6pm 8pm 10pm 12 midnight 2am 4am 6am 8am 10am 12 noon concentration of oxygen 12 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use

(c) On Fig. 7.1, sketch a curve to show how the concentration of carbon dioxide inside the bag would vary during this 24 hour period. [2] (d) Plants are the producers in a food chain. (i) Explain what is meant by the term producer. … … [1] (ii) Describe how energy is transferred from a plant to an animal in a food chain. … … … [2] 13 0654/02/M/J/03 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use

8 Read the passage and then answer the questions that follow. (a) (i) Suggest a suitable magnetic material for coating the tape. … [1] (ii) Why should strong magnets be kept away from the recording tape? … … [1] (iii) What useful energy change takes place in the loudspeaker? … energy to … energy [2] (iv) State the meaning of the term magnetic field. … … [1] Sounds can be recorded using a tape cassette recorder. This relies on electromagnetism. A new recording tape has a coating of tiny magnetic particles that are arranged randomly. During recording, the electrical signal carrying the sound pattern is passed to a coil in the tape recorder. This produces a varying magnetic field which lines up the magnetic particles on the tape in patterns. During playback, the magnetic pattern passes back over the coil inducing a varying electric current. This is then fed to an amplifier and on to a loudspeaker. 14 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use

(b) A sound wave is represented by Fig. 8.1. Fig. 8.1 (i) On Fig. 8.1, show clearly the wavelength of the wave. [1] (ii) On Fig. 8.1, draw a second wave which has half the amplitude of the original wave, but the same frequency. [2] (iii) Does the wave that you have drawn represent a louder sound or a quieter sound than the original wave? Explain your answer. … … [1] 15 0654/02/M/J/03 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use

9 Fig. 9.1 shows information about two drugs. Fig. 9.1 (a) (i) What name is used for the treatment of diseases like cancer with chemicals such as cis-platin? … [1] (ii) What general name is used to describe a drug used for pain relief? … [1] (b) State the number of different elements shown in the chemical formula of cis-platin. … [1] (c) Cis-platin contains the metal platinum. An atom of platinum has the proton number 78 and a nucleon number 195. (i) Calculate the number of neutrons in the nucleus of this platinum atom. … [1] (ii) Name the element in Group I of the Periodic Table that is in the same period as platinum. … [1] (iii) Platinum is a transition metal. Suggest one property of platinum which will be different from a metal in Group I. … [1] (d) Suggest why scientists who develop new drugs study tropical rain forests, and are worried about the destruction of these forests. … … … [2] 16 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use name chemical formula use cis-platin N2H6Cl2Pt cancer treatment aspirin C9H8O4 pain relief

10 (a) (i) Describe how you would test a food to see if it contains protein. … … [1] (ii) State what you would see if the result was positive. … [1] (b) Outline how protein is digested and absorbed in the alimentary canal. how it is digested … … … where and how it is absorbed … … … [3] (c) If a person eats more proteins than they need, the excess amino acids are converted to urea. (i) Name the organ in which excess amino acids are converted to urea. … [1] (ii) Describe what happens to the urea that is produced. … … … [2] 17 0654/02/M/J/03 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use

11 A television picture is produced by firing electrons at a screen. Fig. 11.1 shows how this is done. Fig. 11.1 (a) When a television set is in use, a static electric charge builds up on the screen. Suggest why this happens. … … … [2] (b) To release electrons from the filament, electricity must flow through the filament. For this there must be a potential difference or voltage across the filament. Using the correct symbol, draw on Fig. 11.1 where a voltmeter could be placed to measure the voltage across the filament. [2] (c) The filament is a piece of wire. State two factors that affect the resistance of a piece of wire. 1. … 2. … [2] (d) Two 100
resistors are connected in series. Calculate their combined resistance. …
[1] electron beam vacuum screen anode hot filament (gives off electrons) 18 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use

12 Fig. 12.1 shows three kinds of food. Fig. 12.1 (a) (i) Bread contains starch, and jam contains sugars. Molecules of starch and sugar contain the same three elements bonded together. Name these elements. … … [2] (ii) Starch is formed from glucose in plants. Draw part of a starch molecule using the symbol to represent a glucose molecule. [1] (iii) Use your answer to (ii) to explain the meaning of the term polymer. … … … [2] slice of bread butter jam 19 0654/02/M/J/03 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use

(b) When making bread, the first stage is to mix flour, water and yeast. Carbon dioxide gas forms in the mixture as a result of action by the yeast. A student investigated this process using the apparatus shown in Fig. 12.2. Fig. 12.2 Complete the diagram so that the apparatus could be used to prove that the gas given off is carbon dioxide. Label any additional apparatus and substances that are necessary. [2] (c) Bread, butter and jam are all types of colloid. Fig. 12.3 shows the structure of a typical colloid. In this diagram, substance B is dispersed in substance A. Fig. 12.3 substance B substance A water bath at 25°C mixture of flour, water and yeast 20 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use

Complete the table below using only the words solid, liquid or gas. The first row has been done for you. [2] Copyright Acknowledgements: Question 11 Fig. 11.1. © D Sang. Physics. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge International Examinations has made every effort to trace copyright holders, but if we have inadvertently overlooked any we will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. 21 0654/02/M/J/03 For Examiner’s Use food type of colloid substance A substance B bread solid foam solid gas butter emulsion jam gel

24 0654/02/M/J/03 DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.). *58-71 Lanthanoid series †90-103 Actinoid series Key a = relative atomic mass X = atomic symbol b = proton (atomic) number Group I 7 Li Lithium 3 9 Be Beryllium 4 23 Na Sodium 11 24 Mg Magnesium 12 39 K Potassium 19 40 Ca Calcium 20 45 Sc Scandium 21 48 Ti Titanium 22 51 V Vanadium 23 52 Cr Chromium 24 55 Mn Manganese 25 56 Fe Iron 26 59 Co Cobalt 27 59 Ni Nickel 28 64 Cu Copper 29 65 Zn Zinc 30 70 Ga Gallium 31 27 Al Aluminium 13 11 B Boron 5 73 Ge Germanium 32 28 Si Silicon 14 12 C Carbon 6 75 As Arsenic 33 31 P Phosphorus 15 14 N Nitrogen 7 79 Se Selenium 34 32 S Sulphur 16 16 O Oxygen 8 80 Br Bromine 35 35.5 Cl Chlorine 17 19 F Fluorine 9 84 Kr Krypton 36 40 Ar Argon 18 20 Ne Neon 10 4 He Helium 2 85 Rb Rubidium 37 88 Sr Strontium 38 89 Y Yttrium 39 91 Zr Zirconium 40 93 Nb Niobium 41 96 Mo Molybdenum 42 Tc Technetium 43 101 Ru Ruthenium 44 103 Rh Rhodium 45 106 Pd Palladium 46 108 Ag Silver 47 112 Cd Cadmium 48 115 In Indium 49 119 Sn Tin 50 122 Sb Antimony 51 128 Te Tellurium 52 127 I Iodine 53 131 Xe Xenon 54 133 Cs Caesium 55 137 Ba Barium 56 139 La Lanthanum 57 * 178 Hf Hafnium 72 181 Ta Tantalum 73 140 Ce Cerium 58 a X b 232 Th Thorium 90 Pa Protactinium 91 238 U Uranium 92 Np Neptunium 93 Pu Plutonium 94 Am Americium 95 Cm Curium 96 Bk Berkelium 97 Cf Californium 98 Es Einsteinium 99 Fm Fermium 100 Md Mendelevium 101 No Nobelium 102 Lr Lawrencium 103 141 Pr Praseodymium 59 144 Nd Neodymium 60 Pm Promethium 61 150 Sm Samarium 62 152 Eu Europium 63 157 Gd Gadolinium 64 159 Tb Terbium 65 162 Dy Dysprosium 66 165 Ho Holmium 67 167 Er Erbium 68 169 Tm Thulium 69 173 Yb Ytterbium 70 175 Lu Lutetium 71 184 W Tungsten 74 186 Re Rhenium 75 190 Os Osmium 76 192 Ir Iridium 77 195 Pt Platinum 78 197 Au Gold 79 201 Hg Mercury 80 204 Tl Thallium 81 207 Pb Lead 82 209 Bi Bismuth 83 Po Polonium 84 At Astatine 85 Rn Radon 86 Fr Francium 87 226 Ra Radium 88 227 Ac Actinium 89 † 1 H Hydrogen 1 II III IV V VI VII 0