Cambridge IGCSE Physics 0625 — 2006 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 1

This document consists of 15 printed pages and 1 blank page. MML 10757 3/05 S99316/2 © UCLES 2006 [Turn over UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education PHYSICS 0625/02 Paper 2 Core October/November 2006 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer all questions. You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units. Take the weight of 1 kg to be 10 N (i.e. acceleration of free fall = 10 m/s2). At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Centre Number Candidate Number Name For Examiner’s Use www.XtremePapers.com

1 A worker on the production line in a factory is making brackets. An inspector times the worker whilst he makes 5 brackets. To start, the stopwatch is set to zero. After 5 brackets have been made, the stopwatch is as shown in Fig. 1.1. Fig. 1.1 (a) State the reading on the stopwatch. reading = … s [1] (b) Calculate the time taken to make 1 bracket. time taken = … s [2] (c) The worker has a target of making 300 brackets per hour. Does the worker meet his target? Tick one box and show the working which led you to your answer. Does the worker meet his target? Yes No [4] 5 10 50 55 15 45 20 25 30 60 35 40 10 20 50 60 30 40 2 For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

2 Some IGCSE students were asked to write statements about mass and weight. Their statements are printed below. Put a tick in the box alongside each of the two correct statements. Mass and weight are the same thing. Mass is measured in kilograms. Weight is a type of force. Weight is the acceleration caused by gravity. [2] 3 For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006 [Turn over

3 Fig. 3.1 shows the speed/time graph for a journey travelled by a tractor. Fig. 3.1 (a) Use the graph to describe the motion of the tractor during each of the marked sections. OP … PQ … QR … RS … [4] (b) Which two points on the graph show when the tractor is stationary? point … and point … [1] (c) State the greatest speed reached by the tractor. greatest speed = … m/s [1] (d) For how long was the tractor travelling at constant speed? at constant speed for … s [1] (e) State how the graph may be used to find the total distance travelled during the 200 s journey. Do not attempt a calculation. … [1] 0 6 4 2 Q P S R 50 100 time / s speed m / s 170 200 O 0 4 For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

4 (a) Name the process by which thermal energy is transferred (i) from the Sun to the Earth, … (ii) through the metal of a cooking pot. … [2] (b) A child is sitting on an oscillating swing, as shown in Fig. 4.1. At the top of the oscillation, the child and swing are momentarily at rest. Fig. 4.1 (i) Use the names of appropriate types of energy to complete the following word equation. Write on the lines in the boxes. (ii) The child continues to sit still on the swing. The amplitude of the oscillations slowly decreases. Explain why this happens. … … [3] energy losses + … energy at the bottom of the oscillation + … energy at the bottom of the oscillation = gravitational potential energy at the top of the oscillation 5 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

5 (a) State the two factors on which the turning effect of a force depends. 1. … 2. … [2] (b) Forces F1 and F2 are applied vertically downwards at the ends of a beam resting on a pivot P. The beam has weight W. The beam is shown in Fig. 5.1. Fig. 5.1 (i) Complete the statements about the two requirements for the beam to be in equilibrium. 1. There must be no resultant … 2. There must be no resultant … (ii) The beam in Fig. 5.1 is in equilibrium. F is the force exerted on the beam by the pivot P. Complete the following equation about the forces on the beam. F = … (iii) Which one of the four forces on the beam does not exert a moment about P? … [4] F1 P F2 W F 6 For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

6 A woman stands so that she is 1.0 m from a mirror mounted on a wall, as shown in Fig. 6.1. Fig. 6.1 (a) On Fig. 6.1, carefully draw (i) a clear dot to show the position of the image of her eye, (ii) the normal to the mirror at the bottom edge of the mirror, (iii) a ray from her toes to the bottom edge of the mirror and then reflected from the mirror. [5] (b) Explain why the woman cannot see the reflection of her toes. … … [1] (c) (i) How far is the woman from her image? … m (ii) How far must the woman walk, and in what direction, before the distance between her and her image is 6.0 m? distance walked = … m direction = … [4] 1.0 m mirror 7 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

7 A man is using an axe to chop down a tree, as shown in Fig. 7.1. Fig. 7.1 (a) A short time after the axe hits the tree, the man hears a clear echo. He estimates that the echo is heard 3 seconds after the axe hits the tree. (i) Suggest what type of obstacle might have caused such a clear echo. … (ii) The speed of sound in air is 320 m/s. Calculate the distance of the obstacle from the tree. obstacle distance = … m [4] 8 For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

(b) A branch from the tree falls into some shallow water in a pond nearby. The branch sets up a wave. The wave moves to the left a distance of 3.0 m before hitting the side of a moored boat and reflecting back again. Fig. 7.2 The wave takes 5.0 s to travel from AB to the boat and back to AB. Calculate the speed of the water-wave. speed of wave = … m/s [2] water wave A 3.0 m B side of boat 9 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows two groups of materials. Fig. 8.1 (i) Which group contains metals? … (ii) Which group contains insulators? … (iii) Write down the name of one of the eight materials above that may be charged by rubbing it with a suitable dry cloth. … [3] (b) Two charged metal balls are placed close to a positively-charged metal plate. One is attracted to the plate and one is repelled. Fig. 8.2 Write a + sign on the ball that is positively charged and a – sign on the one that is negatively charged. [1] (c) State what is meant by an electric field. … … [3] charged plate attracted to plate repelled by plate GROUP 2 plastics silk glass ebonite GROUP 1 copper iron gold aluminium 10 For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

9 The points plotted on the grid shown in Fig. 9.1 were obtained from a spring-stretching experiment. Fig. 9.1 (a) Using a straight edge, draw a straight line through the first 5 points. Extend your line to the edge of the grid. [1] (b) Suggest a reason why the sixth point does not lie on the line you have drawn. … [1] (c) Calculate the extension caused by the 3 N load. extension = … mm [2] (d) A small object is hung on the unloaded spring, and the length of the spring becomes 62 mm. Use the graph to find the weight of the object. weight of object = … N [1] 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 load / N length / mm 11 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

10 A person has a 6 V bell. He hopes to operate the bell from a 240 V a.c. mains supply, with the help of the transformer shown in Fig. 10.1. Fig. 10.1 (a) State how you can tell from Fig. 10.1 that the transformer is a step-down transformer. … [1] (b) State how the output voltage compares with the input voltage in a step-down transformer. … [1] (c) Calculate the output voltage of the transformer when connected to the 240 V mains supply. output voltage = … V [3] (d) Why would it not be wise for the person to connect the 6 V bell to this output? … … [1] primary coil 5000 turns secondary coil 250 turns 240 V a.c. input output 12 For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

11 The table below contains some information about uranium-238. (a) State how many electrons there are in a neutral atom of uranium-238. … [1] (b) State where in the atom the electrons are to be found. … [1] (c) State how many neutrons there are in an atom of uranium-238. … [1] (d) State where in the atom the neutrons are to be found. … [1] (e) State what happens to the number of protons in an atom of uranium-238 when an -particle is emitted. … [2] proton number Z = 92 nucleon number A = 238 decays by emitting -particle 13 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

12 Fig. 12.1 shows an electric circuit. Fig. 12.1 (a) The lamp lights, but the ammeter needle moves the wrong way. What change should be made so that the ammeter works correctly? … [1] (b) What does an ammeter measure? … [1] (c) In the space below, draw a circuit diagram of the circuit in Fig. 12.1, using correct circuit symbols. [2] ammeter battery lamp 15
resistor 14 For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

(d) (i) Name the instrument that would be needed to measure the potential difference (p.d.) across the 15  resistor. … (ii) Using the correct symbol, add this instrument to your circuit diagram in (c), in a position to measure the p.d. across the 15  resistor. [2] (e) The potential difference across the 15  resistor is 6 V. Calculate the current in the resistor. current = … A [3] (f) Without any further calculation, state the value of the current in the lamp. lamp current = … A [1] (g) Another 15  resistor is connected in parallel with the 15  resistor that is already in the circuit. (i) What is the combined resistance of the two 15  resistors in parallel? Tick one box. 30  15  7.5  zero (ii) State what effect, if any, adding this extra resistor has on the current in the lamp. … [2] 15 For Examiner's Use 0625/02/O/N/06 © UCLES 2006

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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2006 question paper 0625 PHYSICS 0625/02 Paper 2 (Core Theory), maximum raw mark 80 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and students, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began. All Examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in candidates’ scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills demonstrated. Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the examination. The grade thresholds for various grades are published in the report on the examination for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses. • CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes. CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2006 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses. www.XtremePapers.com

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE - OCT/NOV 2006 0625 2 © UCLES 2006 NOTES ABOUT MARK SCHEME SYMBOLS B marks are independent marks, which do not depend on any other marks. For a B mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must actually be seen in the candidate's answer. M marks are method marks upon which accuracy marks (A marks) later depend. For an M mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must be seen in a candidate's answer. If a candidate fails to score a particular M mark, then none of the dependent A marks can be scored. C marks are compensatory method marks which can be scored even if the points to which they refer are not written down by the candidate, provided subsequent working gives evidence that they must have known it. e.g. if an equation carries a C mark and the candidate does not write down the actual equation but does correct working which shows he knew the equation, then the C mark is scored. A marks are accuracy or answer marks which either depend on an M mark, or which are one of the ways which allow a C mark to be scored. c.a.o. means "correct answer only". e.c.f. means "error carried forward". This indicates that if a candidate has made an earlier mistake and has carried his incorrect value forward to subsequent stages of working, he may be given marks indicated by e.c.f. provided his subsequent working is correct, bearing in mind his earlier mistake. This prevents a candidate being penalised more than once for a particular mistake, but only applies to marks annotated "e.c.f." e.e.o.o. means "each error or omission". brackets ( ) around words or units in the mark scheme are intended to indicate wording used to clarify the mark scheme, but the marks do not depend on seeing the words or units in brackets. e.g. 10 (J) means that the mark is scored for 10, regardless of the unit given. underlining indicates that this must be seen in the answer offered, or something very similar. un.pen. means "unit penalty". An otherwise correct answer will have one mark deducted if the unit is wrong or missing. This only applies where specifically stated in the mark scheme. Elsewhere, incorrect or missing units are condoned. OR/or indicates alternative answers, any one of which is satisfactory for scoring the marks.

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE - OCT/NOV 2006 0625 2 © UCLES 2006 QU. SCHEME MARK 1 (a) 55 (s) B1 (b) 55/5 ecf C1 11 (s) ecf A1 (c) EITHER OR OR OR 300/hour 1 takes 11s 5 takes 55s 1hour for 300 B1 = 5/min 300 take 3300s 300 take 60x55s 3600/300s for 1 B1 takes less less than 1hr less than 1hr 1 takes less than 1 min for 300 for 300 time than B1 for 5 this YES/NO ticked according to his working B1 7 2 2nd box ticked B1 3rd box ticked B1 (use ✓ +  = 0 for extras) 2 3 (a) OP accelerating B1 PQ accelerating B1 QR constant speed B1 RS slowing down (however expressed) B1 (b) O and S (both) B1 (c) 6 (m/s) B1 (d) 70 (s) B1 (e) find area OPQRS (however expressed) B1 8 4 (a) (i) radiation B1 (ii) conduction B1 (b) (i) kinetic (however expressed) B1 potential (however expressed) B1 (ii) idea of energy loss or friction B1 5

Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE - OCT/NOV 2006 0625 2 © UCLES 2006 5 (a) (magnitude of) force B1 distance (from fulcrum) B1 (b) (i) force B1 moment OR turning effect B1 (ii) F1 + F2 + W B1 (iii) F B1 6 6 (a) (i) eye to image line perpendicular to mirror, by eye B1 object distance = image distance, by eye B1 (ii) normal correctly drawn, by eye B1 (iii) ray to bottom edge of mirror correct M1 reflected ray at correct angle to mirror, by eye (condone sloppy normal) A1 (b) sensible attempt at explanation B1 (c) (i) 2 (m) (NO ecf) B1 (ii) distance lady to mirror = 3 (m) C1 distance moved = 2 (m) (NO ecf) A1 away from mirror/wall B1 10 7 (a) (i) large, OR accept any large example e.g. cliff B1 (ii) speed = distance/time OR speed = 2xdistance/time C1 (in any form) correct substitution C1 480 (m) c.a.o. A1 (b) speed = 6/50 OR 3/50 C1 0.12 (m/s) OR 0.06 (m/s) A1 6

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE - OCT/NOV 2006 0625 2 © UCLES 2006 8 (a) (i) (group) 1 B1 (ii) (group) 2 B1 (iii) plastics OR glass OR ebonite B1 (b) top – and bottom + B1 (c) region/area/space etc. B1 charge B1 experiences a force B1 7 9 (a) good straight line through first 5 points, drawn with a rule B1 (b) intelligent attempt at a reason B1 (c) 67 – 40 C1 27 (mm) A1 (d) 2.4 – 2.5 (N) B1 5 10 (a) less turns on Sy OR more turns on Py B1 (b) voltage OR p.d. OR volts is less B1 (c) V1/V2 = N1/N2 in any form C1 correct substitution C1 12 (V) A1 (d) voltage too high OR bell would be damaged B1 6 11 (a) 92 B1 (b) orbit OR outside nucleus B1 (c) 146 B1 (d) nucleus B1 (e) decreases M1 by 2 A1 6

Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE - OCT/NOV 2006 0625 2 © UCLES 2006 12 (a) reverse connections to ammeter or battery B1 (b) current OR amps OR amperes B1 (c) 4 components in series (ignore symbols) B1 4 recognisably correct symbols (ignore connections) B1 (d) (i) voltmeter OR multimeter on volts scale B1 (ii) voltmeter shown connected in parallel with resistor B1 (e) I = V/R in any form C1 correct substitution no ecf from wrong equation C1 0.4 (A) c.a.o. A1 (f) his value of (e) B1 (g) (i) 7.5 Ω ticked B1 (ii) increases current e.c.f. B1 12