Cambridge A Level Information Technology (from 2017) 9626 — 2019 Oct/Nov Paper 1 · Variant 2

This document consists of 15 printed pages and 1 blank page. DC (JP/FC) 168818/3 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over * 6 1 3 8 0 5 4 0 7 4 * INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 9626/12 Paper 1 Theory October/November 2019 1 hour 45 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of this page. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Calculators are not allowed on this paper. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Any businesses described in this paper are entirely fictitious. Cambridge Assessment International Education Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level

2 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 1 Tick the four most accurate statements regarding gathering data from indirect data sources.  It may involve having to purchase more data loggers Several people would have to be employed to carry out interviews It always takes longer to gather data from an indirect data source It is impossible to ensure that data was collected from a representative sample The data may be out of date The sample size is always smaller than if you used a direct data source The purpose for which data was collected originally may be quite different from the purpose of the current research There may be no data available. The data required has simply never been recorded The coding used in the data is never explained Compared to direct data sources, using indirect data sources is always very expensive when preparing and carrying out the gathering of data [4] 2 Tick the four most accurate statements regarding internal hardware components.  A motherboard has a collection of chips and controllers known as the chipset A hard disk drive usually has less storage capacity than the RAM within a computer ROM is the memory used to store documents the user is currently working on The hard disk drive is used to store application software A solid state drive has no moving parts RAM is memory that cannot be changed A hard disk drive uses flash memory to store data RAM stores the start up instructions of a computer even when it is switched off A PC can still work without having a CPU The arithmetic logic unit and the control unit are part of the CPU in a computer [4]

3 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over 3 A hockey club secretary is planning to computerise the players’ records. For this system she is considering using custom written software. (a) Describe the drawbacks of using custom written software. … … … … … … … … [3] (b) Describe the benefits of using custom written software. … … … … … … … … [3]

4 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 4 Doctors often use expert systems to help them make a diagnosis. Without describing its components explain how an expert system helps the doctor come to a decision regarding the diagnosis. … … … … … … … … … … [4]

5 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over 5 Here is a spreadsheet showing the top European goal scorers in the 2018 Football World Cup qualification matches. (a) Write down the formula which should go in cell H3 to display the name of the country for Robert Lewandowski. The formula must be easily replicable. = … [5] You can use the space below for any working you need.

6 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 (b) Explain, in detail, the steps you would take to amend the spreadsheet so that the players will be put in order of the average number of goals scored per games played for each player. The highest average number should be first in the list. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

7 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over 6 Many organisations have an intranet and often extend it to form an extranet. Describe, using examples, what an intranet is and how it could be extended into an extranet. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [8]

8 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 7 Sadiq has written a program that he now wishes to convert using a compiler. (a) There are two types of software. Name them, indicating which type a compiler is. … … … [1] (b) Describe the function of a compiler. … … … … … … … … … … [4]

9 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over 8 Kelvin was given the task of creating a relational database to combine all his company’s customer records and sales records (invoices). The tables that were created are shown here. Customer table M3764A N3201B N5789A L2345A Q4012A L3896C M4698B M2589D M4013B P4352D P3156C Burke Charles Floyd Hall Jones Li Norfolk Rhodes Sun Wu Watson Williams Linda Lauren Joe John Laura Kurtis Kate Lotte Li Karla Joanne €1,980 €2,650 €1,850 €2,700 €3,400 €2,130 €1,250 €3,400 €2,240 €2,130 €1,870 408254117150 545687952356 803226234709 678914325678 384466646362 846869163975 243375720844 385657814001 320031330576 322036694448 421536345681 Customer_id Family_name First_name Credit_limit Loyalty_number Invoices table 32178 43189 45237 45964 46579 56931 8 6 4 1 3 5 €12.45 €17.30 €38.50 €152.20 €38.20 €17.50 P4352D N5789A M4698B L3896C N3201B M2589D Invoice_number Number_of_items Item_cost Customer_ref Delivered You can assume that all values shown include the maximum and minimum allowed in each field. (a) Complete the data dictionary below for the Invoices table. You can assume that all values shown are typical. All field sizes should be appropriate. Attribute Data type Field size Format Type of key [6]

10 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 (b) Kelvin wishes to add a calculated field showing the total cost for each customer. Describe the steps he would need to follow in order to create this calculated field using a query without using a wizard. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6] (c) The following data was typed in error. For each item explain how validation could have prevented the error and explain what would be allowed. (i) 321789 in the Invoice_number field. … … … … … [2]

11 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over (ii) 12500 in the Credit_limit field. … … … … … [2] (iii) L21789 in the Customer_id field. … … … … … [2] (iv) 679814325678 in the Loyalty_number field for John Hall. … … … … … [2]

12 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 9 Evaluate the use of HTTPS in websites. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [8]

13 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over 10 Many organisations make use of Management Information Systems (MIS). Explain what a typical MIS consists of, including the role of an MIS manager. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

14 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 11 Juanita, an office manager, has just been given the task of producing customer invoices. Each invoice will need to have three copies. She is trying to decide between using a dot matrix printer or an inkjet printer to produce the invoices. (a) Give three detailed advantages of Juanita choosing a dot matrix printer. 1 … … … 2 … … … 3 … … … [3] (b) Give three detailed disadvantages of Juanita choosing a dot matrix printer. 1 … … … 2 … … … 3 … … … [3]

15 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 12 Laura, the manager of a new company, has just purchased some computers for workers to use. With the increase in the use of ransomware by hackers she has decided that the workers will not be allowed access to the internet. However, she needs to decide whether or not to connect the computers together to form a network. Without referring to the internet, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of networking these computers. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [8]

16 9626/12/O/N/19 © UCLES 2019 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series. Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge. BLANK PAGE

This document consists of 10 printed pages. © UCLES 2019 [Turn over Cambridge Assessment International Education Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 9626/12 Paper 1 Theory October/November 2019 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 90 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2019 series for most Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 2 of 10 Generic Marking Principles These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1: Marks must be awarded in line with: • the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question • the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question • the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2: Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3: Marks must be awarded positively: • marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate • marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do • marks are not deducted for errors • marks are not deducted for omissions • answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4: Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5: Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6: Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 3 of 10 Question Answer Marks 1 It may involve having to purchase more data loggers Several people would have to be employed to carry out interviews It always takes longer to gather data from an indirect data source It is impossible to ensure that data was collected from a representative sample 3 The data may be out of date 3 The sample size is always smaller than if you used a direct data source The purpose for which data was collected originally may be quite different from the purpose of the current research 3 There may be no data available. The data required has simply never been recorded 3 The coding used in the data is never explained Compared to direct data sources, using indirect data sources is always very expensive when preparing and carrying out the gathering of data 4 Question Answer Marks 2 A motherboard has a collection of chips and controllers known as the chipset 3 A hard disk drive usually has less storage capacity than the RAM within a computer ROM is the memory used to store documents the user is currently working on The hard disk drive is used to store application software 3 A solid state drive has no moving parts 3 RAM is memory that cannot be changed A hard disk drive uses flash memory to store data RAM stores the start up instructions of a computer even when it is switched off A PC can still work without having a CPU The arithmetic logic unit and the control unit are part of the CPU in a computer 3 4

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 4 of 10 Question Answer Marks 3(a) Three from: Costs more to pay programmers to write code specifically for the task/users’ needs/don’t share development costs with other users Testing is limited to what the programmers think may be required ... ... based on how they think the software will be used Support is limited to the team of programmers only Can take a long time to develop the software There may be a lot of bugs as it has not been tested so thoroughly/has not been used before 3 3(b) Three from: It is designed specifically for the task/customers’ requirements There will be no unnecessary features It does not have to be adapted for use Programmers are available to make any changes required/rectify bugs Programmers will ensure that it is compatible with the existing system and software 3 Question Answer Marks 4 Four from: Questions are asked by system Data/symptoms would be entered by the doctor Questions based on these would be asked by the expert system Doctor enters answers to these questions The system would reason « « using IF-THEN rules System produce probabilities of diagnoses/possible diagnoses The doctor chooses the most appropriate diagnosis 4 Question Answer Marks 5(a) VLOOKUP(F3,$C$6:$D$17,2,0) VLOOKUP() – 1 mark (F3 – 1 mark ,$C$6:$D$17 – 1 mark ,2 – 1 mark ,0) – 1 mark $ before the column letter is optional 5

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 5 of 10 Question Answer Marks 5(b) One mark for each step In cell K3 insert a new formula Enter J3/I3 Highlight K3 and replicate down to K20 Highlight F3:K20 Click on data then click on sort Click on sort by column K Select descending order 6 Question Answer Marks 6 Eight from: A private computer network used within one organisation Can only be accessed by workers within the organisation/ restricted access network Users tend to need user ids and passwords to prevent outsiders using the intranet Based on internet technologies/TCP/IP protocols There is a client-server relationship set up between computers and the servers Used to share information/send emails within the organisation Tends to be a LAN Has greater security/less susceptible to hackers/viruses than the internet Intranets have web pages about company events, health and safety policies and staff newsletters Contains forms for workers to complete such as claiming expenses/requesting holidays Extranet is a means of extending an organisation’s intranet for use by selected people (outside the organisation)/so that employees can work remotely If staff working outside the organisation can access an intranet by using a VPN this becomes an extranet Extranet is set up by providing a secure link/firewall to the intranet using the internet Examples (max 2 marks) of extranet use could be: A company could provide access to a supplier for online ordering, order tracking and inventory management A hospital providing local doctors with access to a booking system so they can make appointments for their patients Pupils could use the school’s intranet to submit work from home Employees could use the company intranet when working from home Maximum of 7 marks with no examples 8

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 6 of 10 Question Answer Marks 7(a) Application and system (software), compiler is system 1 7(b) Four from: A compiler is a computer program/set of programs It translates source code/program written in a high level programming language It translates source code/program into a lower level language/assembly language/machine code/object code It creates an executable program It translates it for the computer which can only understand machine code to run It produces error messages/list of errors to help programmer debug the program 4 Question Answer Marks 8(a) Attribute Data type Field size Format Type of key Invoice_number Alphanumeric 5 99999 Primary Number_of_items Numeric/integer – 9 – Item_cost Numeric/Currency – 999.99 – Customer_ref Alphanumeric 6 X9999X Foreign Delivered Boolean – –1/0 – 1 mark for all attributes correctly copied 1 mark for 4/5 data types correct 1 mark for Customer_ref field size correct 1 mark for 4/5 formats correct 1 mark for correct foreign key 1 mark for correct primary key 6 8(b) Six from: Go to create view and select query design Load the Invoices table into the window In the query design next to ‘Field’/in the field row Type in [Number_of_items] Then next to it type in *[Item_cost] Replace Expr1 with total_cost Save the query Run the query 6 8(c)(i) A length check could have been used 6 characters is more than 5, which is the length allowed 2

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 7 of 10 Question Answer Marks 8(c)(ii) A range check could have been used 12 500 is outside the range 1250–3400 and only numbers in this range are allowed 2 8(c)(iii) A format/picture check could have been used L21789 has 1 letter followed by 5 digits when it should be 1 letter followed by 4 digits followed by 1 letter 2 8(c)(iv) A check digit check could have been used The final digit produced would have been different because of 8 and 9 being transposed/only numbers with a correct final check digit would be allowed 2

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 8 of 10 Question Answer Marks 9 To be marked as a level of response: Level 3 (7–8 marks) Candidates will describe the advantages and disadvantages of HTTPS The issues raised will be justified. The information will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in a structured and coherent format. There will be a reasoned conclusion Specialist terms will be used accurately and appropriately Level 2 (4–6 marks) Candidates will describe the advantages and disadvantages of HTTPS although development of some of the points will be limited For the most part the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and coherent format. Specialist terms will be used appropriately and for the most part correctly. Level 1 (1–3 marks) Candidates may only address one side of the argument, and give basic advantages/disadvantages Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance. There will be little or no use of specialist terms. Level 0 (0 marks) Response with no valid content. Candidates may refer to e.g. Disadvantages HTTPS uses a lot of server resources ... ... requires processing power and memory for encryption HTTPS introduces latencies/delays SSL connections take longer to set up with more roundtrips Browser caching does not work properly Modern sites will run slowly without browser caching Need to buy an SSL certificate issued by certificate authorities It is possible to make your own certificate but other users will not trust it so you need to buy one Warnings can arise that despite using SSL a web page is partially serving insecure content The browser may not want users to think a site is totally secure but warning can be off-putting to many users There are proxy caching problems Everything is encrypted including packet headers and content Any caching that might have happened between the points at which data is encrypted and decrypted is blocked 8

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 9 of 10 Question Answer Marks 9 Advantages Messages can’t be read by any third-party A certificate guarantees the information a browser is receiving originates at the expected domain It’s a guarantee that when a user sends sensitive data, it’s being sent to the right place, and not to a malicious third party HTTPS connections make man-in-the-middle attacks much more difficult to execute Search engines list HTTPS websites higher than sites without HTTPS The green padlock indicates that your site provider takes security seriously and this gives users confidence Question Answer Marks 10 Max five from: Data resources such as databases Hardware resources of a system People management and project management applications Decision support systems/computer program applications used by managers to gather information to support problem solving and decision making Executive information systems/a reporting tool that provides quick access to summarised reports coming from all departments Marketing Information Systems/systems designed specifically for managing the marketing aspects of the business Accounting information systems for accounting functions Human resource management systems/systems used for personnel aspects of an organisation/storing records/information about employees Office automation systems automate workflow, eliminating bottlenecks School Information Management Systems cover school administration Max three from: MIS manager analyses business problems MIS manager designs and maintains computer applications to solve the organisation's problems MIS manager is responsible for training employees to use the system 6 Question Answer Marks 11(a) Three from: She could use carbon copy paper (which requires less filling of the sheet feeder) She could use continuous stationery which would require less human interaction/doesn’t run out of paper as quickly as inkjet The ink ribbon lasts longer/cheaper to buy than an inkjet cartridge, saving costs When the ink runs out on an inkjet printout is less legible, whereas with a dot matrix printer the print gets fainter but is still legible 3

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 10 of 10 Question Answer Marks 11(b) Three from: The striking of the heads causes a lot of noise which would be distracting in an office environment The quality of output is not so good with a maximum of 240 dpi whereas inkjets output at 1200 dpi The speed of output is not as high as an inkjet printer, with the fastest dot matrix only approaching the speed of the slowest inkjet The cost of a dot matrix printer to buy is far more expensive than a typical inkjet Dot matrix has a more limited character set. 3 Question Answer Marks 12 Eight from: Advantages Easier for workers to share work/files in projects Can access work from any computer Easier for network manager to roll out new software Easier for managers to monitor workers' progress Peripherals can be shared so fewer needed, leading to lower cost in the future Company can have an intranet for workers to access If a server is used workers do not need to worry about making backups Disadvantages A server may be required to cope with extra computers, so more expensive Extra network points/cabling may be needed, which leads to more cost If the server breaks down company projects might become inaccessible Viruses are easier to transmit from one computer to another Easier for disgruntled employees to hack into colleagues' work A network manager/administrator may need to be employed, leading to extra costs Must have at least two of each to gain full marks Needs to be a proper discussion to gain full marks 8