Cambridge A Level General Paper (AS Level only) 8001 — 2014 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 3

This document consists of 11 printed pages and 1 blank page and 1 insert. DC (LK) 102809/7 R © UCLES 2014 [Turn over Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary Level * 0 2 5 0 9 1 1 9 5 2 * GENERAL PAPER 8001/23 Paper 2 October/November 2014 1 hour 30 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. Additional Materials: Insert READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the boxes above. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer one question. The total time of 1 hour 30 minutes includes time for you to study the questions before you begin your answer. You may make notes during this time if you wish. Up to 15 marks will be given for the quality and accuracy of your English throughout this paper. Dictionaries are not permitted. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 Question 1 Study Passage 1 in the Insert to answer the following questions (a)–(e). Note: When a question asks for an answer IN YOUR OWN WORDS and you select the appropriate material from the passage for your answer, you must still use your own words to express it. Little credit can be given for answers which copy words or phrases from the passage. (a) Choose the garden most suitable for the lifestyle of the whole family over the next 12 years, and explain its advantages, plus at least one disadvantage, in no more than 120 words. Restrict your discussion only to the garden you choose. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [12]

3 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 [Turn over (b) Choose the garden least suitable for the lifestyle of the whole family over the next 12 years, and explain its disadvantages, plus at least one advantage, in no more than 100 words. Restrict your discussion only to the garden you choose. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [10] (c) Which one of the four groups of family members is least likely to be catered for in all of the four planned gardens? Restrict your discussion only to the family group you choose. … … … … … … … … [5]

4 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 (d) In your opinion, explain briefly which one of the four garden designs offers the best value for money. Restrict your discussion only to the design you choose. … … … … … [3] (e) Imagine you are a housing agent trying to sell this house in a few years’ time and garden C had been adopted. In no more than 60 words, how would you describe garden C in the sales publicity brochure? … … … … … … … … [5] Note: Up to an additional 15 marks will be available for use of English.

5 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 [Turn over Question 2 Study Passage 2 in the Insert to answer the following questions (a)–(e). Note: When a question asks for an answer IN YOUR OWN WORDS and you select the appropriate material from the passage for your answer, you must still use your own words to express it. Little credit can be given to answers which only copy out words or phrases from the passage. (a) On the basis of the information provided, how might you explain the sudden and unexpected rage of the father? Answer in your own words. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [10]

6 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 (b) What evidence is there to suggest the older daughter reacted out of character (differently to normal) with her father? Answer in about 60 of your own words. … … … … … … … … [6] (c) What do you think caused the older daughter to act in this way towards her father? Answer in about 60 words. … … … … … … … … [6] (d) Why do you think the younger daughter may have kept well away from the argument? … … … … … … [3]

7 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 [Turn over (e) From the information provided, choose either the mother or the younger daughter, and discuss in your own words the pressures she faces. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [10] Note: Up to an additional 15 marks will be available for use of English.

8 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 Question 3 Study Passage 3 in the Insert to answer the following questions (a)–(f). Note: When a question asks for an answer IN YOUR OWN WORDS and you select the appropriate material from the passage for your answer, you must still use your own words to express it. Little credit can be given to answers which only copy out words or phrases from the passage. (a) Define ‘ecotourism’, in no more than 30 of your own words, as outlined in lines 5–7 of the passage. … … … … … [3] (b) Explain the expressions: (i) pay over the odds (line 21) … … [1] (ii) turn the perpetual ‘blind eye’ (line 36) … … [2]

9 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 [Turn over (c) From paragraphs 2–4 of the passage, explain in your own words the major issues that the writer states are holding back the beneficial growth of ecotourism. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [10] (d) State some of the successes of ecotourism, as outlined in paragraph 5. … … … … … … … … [4]

10 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 (e) Using your own words, give reasons why the writer of the article claims in lines 52–54 that ecotourism is not yet a truly workable solution for sustaining the environment. … … … … [3] (f) (i) Explain the meaning of the following words as they are used in the passage. You may write the answer in one word or a short phrase: darling (line 3) … generated (line 11) … Virgin (line 14) … ruthlessly (line 16) … inclination (line 44) … vision (line 50) … [6]

11 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 (ii) Use these words in six separate sentences to illustrate their meanings as used in the passage. Your sentences should not deal with the subject matter of the passage. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6] Note: Up to an additional 15 marks will be available for use of English.

12 8001/23/O/N/14 © UCLES 2014 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. BLANK PAGE

® IGCSE is the registered trademark of Cambridge International Examinations. CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary Level MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2014 series 8001 GENERAL PAPER 8001/23 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 50 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2014 series for most Cambridge IGCSE®, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2014 8001 23 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 1 (a) Credit the material below or any other valid points. [The candidate can only receive credit for answers based on the selected garden.] The expected answer is Garden D but a case can be made for Garden C. It is unlikely candidates would make a sufficient case to score highly on the other two gardens, but allowances can be made on merit. GARDEN D Advantages • has a well-equipped play area for the boys to enjoy and burn off energy • possible grandchildren would also like the play area • secluded lawns at the rear, visible from the Annex, for the grandparents, as they age, to enjoy peace and beautiful flower borders from two shaded benches • large pool for all the family with changing room and sun beds to enjoy on hot, sunny days; also a diving board • vegetable garden especially for the health-conscious parents to ‘grow their own’ as well as save money • high hedges to separate each land use and provide sound and visual barrier • second cheapest maintenance costs • garden adds considerably to the value of the property Disadvantages • highest cost to develop when parents have a strict budget • shortest lifespan of the equipment/pool which may not last 12 years • longest time to construct GARDEN C Advantages • has a pleasant lawn, flowers and fountain with bench, for grandparents to enjoy peace • has a swimming pool, changing room and sunbeds • vegetable garden for the health-conscious parents and to save money • Small fruit patch for the parents and to save money • adds markedly to the value of the property Disadvantages • pool is rather small if all want to use at once • little for the boys to do, apart from the pool • has the highest maintenance costs, offsetting the cheap vegetables and fruit • fairly short lifespan

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2014 8001 23 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 Whilst deciding a mark, award 11 – 12 for a developed, relevant, balanced assessment that explores at least five reasons; 8 – 10 when one of the criteria above has not been satisfied; 5 – 7 when two of the criteria above have not been satisfied; 3 – 4 when the answer is badly flawed but contains some worthwhile material; 1 – 2 when there is little merit in the answer; 0 when there is no merit. [12] Any relevant content well above 120 words should be totally disregarded. (b) Credit the material below or any other valid points. [The candidate can only receive credit for answers based on the selected garden.] The expected answer is Garden A as it would be difficult to make a case for any other. GARDEN A Disadvantages • large area of rainforest not particularly attractive • rainforest encourages mosquitoes, snakes and the like into the house • rainforest could be dangerous to the young boys • only two land uses – not particularly attractive or interesting • adds little to the value of the property • little for the boys to do, will get very bored • water fountain is an obstacle to lawn games • second highest maintenance costs Advantages • cheap to construct saving family much money • longest lifespan at over 50 years • quick to construct, only two weeks needed before family can enjoy a garden 5 x 2 mks (4 disadvantages and 1 advantage) or 10 × 1 For only disadvantages, MAX 8 [10]

Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2014 8001 23 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 (c) Credit the material below or any other valid points. The expected answer is the Teenage Daughters, although a case could be made for the Grandparents. TEENAGE DAUGHTERS • If the daughters are studying hard for their exams it is likely they will have little time to use the garden, except maybe for revising or quick rests. • They will likely have little interest in rainforest, lawns, flower beds or rockeries, which are more popular with older folk. [Could be two points here if developed differently.] • The vegetable patch and fruit trees will probably be of little interest to them as they are probably watching their figures and eating little (although they could be health-conscious like their parents; but the notes do not tell the candidate that). • They are far too old for a children’s playground. GRANDPARENTS • The annex is right next to the rainforest so they might receive more mosquitoes or snakes. • At 72 and not very mobile, it is unlikely they will use the swimming pool. • The children’s playground holds no interest for them. 5 × 1 [5] (d) Credit the material below or any other valid point. The expected answer is Garden B, but mark others on merit. • it has the lowest maintenance costs • it is the second cheapest • but has a pool • it is the second fastest to construct • it has the second longest life N.B. no credit for simply listing the facilities. There must be a link to money or cost. [3] (e) Material should include: • (generous-sized/new/attractive/hourglass-shaped) swimming pool • (spacious) changing rooms • (expensive/modern/tasteful) poolside furniture • (large beautiful lawns) edged by (attractive/eye-catching) flower borders • (decorative) lawn fountain makes an (eye-catching) centrepiece • (valuable) fruit orchard of exotic species e.g. mango • (neatly-laid) vegetable garden tended by an expert groundsman yields (mouth-watering) delicacies • AOVP [5]

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2014 8001 23 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 2 (a) Credit the material below or any other valid points. • It is a huge amount of money to have wasted in a family with only one real income • He is upset about the position of his football team in the league • He is alone all day at home with no human contact and he sees little of the family when they do come home as they disappear upstairs quickly in the evening • He only has a dog to talk to who does not answer back or argue • He does all the housework with little thanks and maybe considers himself nothing more than a servant of the family • He does not earn a wage, having only a small pension, so feels he is not supporting the family – ‘Mother’s money, not his, that had been lost.’ • He may be unsettled over attending a new church where the family knows no-one • He sees little value in mobile phones so probably hates the cost of the girls’ phones and the frivolous way they use them • His daughter does not normally talk like that to him so he is taken aback and horrified that she could have been so ill-mannered to him 5 × 2 or 10 × 1 [10] (b) Credit the material below or any other valid points. Do not accept answers for 2(c). • Very popular with deputy head teacher at school who thinks she is a lovely girl because she is always so polite, friendly and helpful • Active Christian, so has a better understanding of moral behaviour • Quiet, so not prone to such angry outbursts and probably keeps herself to herself • Normally loving towards their parents (point 7) 3 × 2 or 6 × 1 [6] (c) Credit the material below or any other valid points. • Stress from starting new examination courses at school • Over-tired following longer and more tiring journey to school • Just given up her first real boyfriend after 3 months so perhaps emotionally less stable • Upset because she got her first ‘B’ grade • Upset because she has had to give up a number of hobbies for schoolwork • Perhaps unsettled because of attending a new church • Perhaps upset because of her tough day at work, which she may think is far more important than money • Annoyed that the boy she spent the $710 phone calls on is no longer her boyfriend! 6 × 1 or 3 × 2 (or combination of both) [6] Any relevant content well above 60 words should be totally disregarded. (d) Credit the following material or any other valid point. • She might have her mobile phone taken away from her • She probably spends most of her tariff in ‘frivolous’ conversations with friends • Her father might have turned on her and criticised her poorer school grades • She may have been accused of not working hard enough • Her father might have accused her too of being ungrateful for all he does 3 × 1 or 2 + 1 [3]

Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2014 8001 23 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 (e) Credit the following material or any other valid point. Mother • Just started a new and more challenging job • Has little mobility and must rely on her husband as she does not drive • Feeling of isolation in a remote village with little public transport to ‘escape’ • Very tired as she has to work every evening as well • Worried whether her older daughter will be good enough to get into Cambridge University • Probably has to counsel her older daughter through her first boyfriend and break-up • Her husband may complain about having to do all the housework and driving without any thanks • May be unsettled over the recent move to an unfamiliar new church • Very concerned at the treatment by her pupils at her new school and having to set her own standards of discipline as a ‘new’ teacher there Younger Daughter • Although popular she may have difficulties over relationships with her friends • May be jealous of her sister who is her Deputy Head’s ‘favourite’ • Possibly does not always get on with her sister as they are totally different in character • Stressed over trying to compete with her sister who gets better grades • Over-tired from long and tiring journey to school • Pressured by the thought that she may not work hard enough to please her parents and she may not get into Cambridge University • May be worried that she too may have to give up hobbies she enjoys • Not able to socialise much, although she is fun-loving and popular, because she lives in an isolated village and must rely on her father to transport her 5 × 2 or 10 × 1 [10] 3 (a) Allow a certain tolerance when marking, but look for THREE comments: 1. the process i.e. merging 2. the two elements i.e. protecting nature and developing tourism 3. the reasons i.e. for the future/sustainability. So a sound answer might read: Ecotourism is the merging/joining together (1) of the protection of the natural landscape/of the preserving of nature, with the development of tourism (1), in order to look after the environment and its resources for the future (1). 3 × 1 [3] Any relevant content well above 30 words should be disregarded.

Page 7 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2014 8001 23 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 (b) (i) spend more than the normal amount/usual rate [1] (ii) deliberately ignore something (1) continuously/for ever/as ever/as it always had been (1) [2] (c) Credit the following material or any other valid point in the passage. • it has turned into mass tourism in many places (1), such as Mexico or Antarctica (1) • Unscrupulous operators, overcharging to make outrageous profits • Wrongly branding ecotourism experiences • Government corruption (1), such as with the way the Maasai were dealt with (1) • No set of guidelines to say what is an ecotourism experience and what is ‘normal’ tourism • No method by which to rate companies, e.g. travel agents, guides, hotels • Wrongly branded ecotourism experiences 5 × 2 or 10 × 1 [10] (d) In paragraph 5, five successes of Ecotourism are mentioned. • affected how people view the natural world • made people aware of their environmental obligations • caused people to protect various species e.g. tigers, corals • encouraged people to more stay in very basic holiday accommodation rather than luxury • caused people to save species from extinction e.g. whales 2 + 2 or 4 × 1 [4] (e) Essentially the answer is a re-wording of ‘incessant curse of corruption and degradation’, hence: Not until the continual problem (1) of bribing officials (1) and destroying the land (1) has been Resolved. 3 × 1 [3]

Page 8 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge International AS Level – October/November 2014 8001 23 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 (f) (i) darling popular, beloved, feted, favourite generated produced, created (made – TV) virgin untouched, undeveloped, brand new ruthlessly mercilessly, cruelly, pitilessly, without compassion inclination willingness, acceptance, agreement vision future dream, future plan 6 × 1 [6] (ii) Darling Giggs was the darling winger worshipped by the Manchester United faithful until he committed an off-the-pitch indiscretion which left him being booed at every match. generated Over the years the two hydro-electric power stations have generated nearly a third of the country’s electricity. virgin Twenty years ago China was a virgin market to Western retail companies but today you see their shops in every city centre. ruthlessly The bankers pursued their goal of making as much profit as possible for themselves so ruthlessly that they lost all sight of what was morally acceptable behaviour. inclination There is little inclination today amongst the young to cook their own dinner when there are so many fast food outlets and take-home meals in supermarkets. vision The architect’s vision for the future development of Docklands was accepted by most as a practical, functional and beautiful plan for the derelict landscape. 6 × 1 [6]