Cambridge IGCSE Sciences - Co-ordinated (Double) 0654 — 2016 May/June Paper 3 · Variant 3

This document consists of 34 printed pages and 2 blank pages. DC (LK/JG) 110186/4 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education * 9 1 7 4 6 3 0 8 3 6 * CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES 0654/33 Paper 3 (Extended) May/June 2016 2 hours Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use an HB soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Electronic calculators may be used. You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 36. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 1 Aluminium foil is made when aluminium is rolled into thin sheets. Aluminium foil is used to make food containers and fizzy-drink cans. roll of aluminium foil food container fizzy-drink can (a) (i) State the property of aluminium that allows it to be rolled into thin sheets. …[1] (ii) Many types of food and drink are acidic. State the property of aluminium that makes it suitable for making food containers and fizzy-drink cans. …[1] (b) Aluminium used to make fizzy-drink cans contains small amounts of other metals. As well as the liquid, the fizzy-drink can contains gas under pressure. (i) State the word used for a mixture of metals. …[1] (ii) Suggest a reason why aluminium containing small amounts of other metals, rather than pure aluminium, is used for fizzy-drink cans. … … …[2]

3 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (c) Fig. 1.1 shows the industrial electrolysis that is used to extract aluminium from aluminium oxide. – + electrolyte (mixture of aluminium oxide and cryolite) gas bubbles d.c. power supply aluminium carbon electrodes Fig. 1.1 (i) Explain why the process shown in Fig. 1.1 only works when the electrolyte is strongly heated. … … … …[2] (ii) State the number of electrons that each aluminium ion gains from the cathode during electrolysis. Give a reason for your answer. number of electrons … reason … … …[2]

4 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 (iii) Fig. 1.2 shows an unused carbon anode and how it looks after being used for several days. unused anode anode after several days Fig. 1.2 State the balanced chemical equation for a reaction that causes this loss of mass of the anode material during electrolysis. …[2]

5 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 2 (a) Fig. 2.1 shows some blood, as seen through a microscope. W Y X Fig. 2.1 (i) Name the part of the blood labelled W. …[1] (ii) The cell labelled X carries out phagocytosis. Describe the process of phagocytosis. … … …[2] (iii) Describe how the cell labelled Y would respond if a person received a blood transfusion of the wrong blood type, and describe the effect that this response would have. response of the cells … … effect of this response … … [2]

6 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 (b) (i) State how the function of an artery differs from the function of a vein. … …[1] (ii) Explain why it is important that arteries have thick walls. … … …[2] (iii) Describe the function of the elastic tissue in the artery wall. … … …[2]

7 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 3 (a) Some oil leaks from an oil tanker. It forms a very thin layer of oil on the surface of the seawater. The layer of oil covers a rectangular area measuring 2.5 × 103 m by 5.0 × 103 m. The layer of oil is 3.0 × 10–6 m (0.000 003 m) thick. (i) Calculate the volume of the layer of oil leaked. volume = … m3 [1] (ii) The density of the oil is 880 kg / m3. Calculate the mass of the oil that leaked from the oil tanker. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working mass = … kg [2]

8 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 (b) The oil tanker is carrying crude oil. Crude oil is a non-renewable energy resource. Other energy resources are shown in Table 3.1. Table 3.1 non-renewable renewable coal geothermal energy hydroelectricity natural gas solar energy from ocean waves tidal energy Identify two non-renewable energy resources by placing a tick (✓) in the non-renewable column. Identify two renewable energy resources by placing a tick (✓) in the renewable column. [1] (c) The depth of the sea below the oil tanker is determined by sending out pulses of ultrasound waves through the water. The ultrasound pulses reflect off the sea bed and the echoes are detected on the oil tanker. (i) Humans cannot hear ultrasound waves. State the normal audible frequency range for a human. from … Hz to … Hz [1]

9 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (ii) The echo of an ultrasound wave emitted by the oil tanker is detected 1.2 seconds later. The speed of ultrasound waves in water is 1500 m / s. Calculate the depth of the sea below the oil tanker. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working distance = … m [2] (iii) When ultrasound waves pass through the water, they travel as a series of compressions (C) and rarefactions (R). Fig. 3.1 shows the positions of the compressions and rarefactions as the ultrasound wave passes through the water. C R C R C R C R C R C Fig. 3.1 On Fig. 3.1, sketch a similar ultrasound wave with an increased wavelength. Show the compressions (C) and rarefactions (R). Label one wavelength on your drawing using a double headed arrow ( ). [1]

10 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 4 In the African savannah (grassland), zebras feed on grass. They are preyed on by carnivores, such as lions. The lions have fleas in their fur. The fleas feed on the lions’ blood. (a) Construct a food chain containing four organisms, based on this description. [2] (b) State the term that describes (i) an area such as the savannah, with all the organisms in it and their environment, interacting together, …[1] (ii) the position of an organism in a food chain, …[1] (iii) an organism that gets its energy from dead or waste organic matter. …[1] (c) State and explain which one of the four organisms described above has the most energy flowing through it. … …[2]

11 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 5 (a) Fig. 5.1 shows two headlamps in a car. The headlamps are connected in parallel with the battery. A switch and a fuse are also connected in the circuit. battery switch fuse lamps Fig. 5.1 (i) Draw the circuit diagram for the car headlamps, shown in Fig. 5.1, using circuit symbols. [2]

12 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 (ii) The car battery provides an e.m.f. of 12 V. When the headlamps are switched on, there is a current of 1.5 A through each headlamp. Calculate the charge that passes through one headlamp in 5 minutes. State the formula you use and show your working. Give the unit of your answer. formula working charge = … unit = … [3] (b) The headlamps of the car emit visible light of several different wavelengths. One of the wavelengths is 4.8 × 10–7 m. (i) The frequency of this light is 6.25 × 1014 Hz. Calculate the speed of this light. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working speed = …m / s [2] (ii) Visible light is part of the electromagnetic spectrum. State one property that is the same for all electromagnetic waves. …[1]

13 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (c) A small panel of the bodywork of the car is painted using an electrostatic paint spray gun. The paint droplets leave the spray gun with a positive electric charge. The bodywork panel is given a negative electric charge. This is shown in Fig. 5.2. paint positively charged paint droplets negatively charged bodywork panel + – Fig. 5.2 Explain why this method spreads the paint evenly. … … …[2]

14 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 (d) The driver of a car sees a bus in his mirror, as shown on Fig. 5.3. BUS Fig. 5.3 Apart from any changes in size, describe one characteristic of the image that he sees. …[1] (e) It has been raining and there is a large puddle of water on the road. State two factors that would increase the rate at which the water evaporates from the puddle. 1 … 2 … [2]

15 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 6 (a) Fig. 6.1 shows what happens when a sperm fertilises an egg, and how the cell produced by fertilisation then divides. fertilisation P Fig. 6.1 (i) On Fig. 6.1, label, with the letter D, a cell that is diploid, with the letter H, a cell that is haploid. [1] (ii) Name the type of cell division that is occurring at P. …[1] (iii) The sperm cell contains 23 chromosomes. State the number of chromosomes in the egg cell before it is fertilised, … the fertilised egg. … [2]

16 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 (b) Sexual reproduction increases variety within a species. (i) Name another process that can produce completely new varieties within a species. …[1] (ii) Explain how variety in a species could be important for the survival of the population if the climate where a population of plants is growing becomes much drier, … … an antibiotic is used against a population of bacteria. … … [2] (c) Fig. 6.2 shows the frequency of different blood groups within a population of people. 40 20 0 A blood group B AB O percentage of people / % Fig. 6.2 (i) In Fig. 6.2, state which is the most common blood group. …[1] (ii) Name the type of variation that is shown by blood groups in humans. …[1] (iii) State what causes people to have different blood groups. …[1]

17 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over 7 (a) A black powder, Q, is added to an aqueous solution of a compound R and a gas is released. The gas relights a glowing splint. Name the gas released in this reaction. …[1] (b) Fig. 7.1 shows apparatus and materials a student uses to investigate the speed of the reaction described in (a). gas bubbles gas syringe solution of compound R 2.0 g of black powder Q piston Fig. 7.1 The student measures the total volume of gas released during the reaction. Her results are shown as a graph in Fig. 7.2 on page 18.

18 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 0 0 20 40 60 80 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 time / s volume of gas / cm3 A B C Fig. 7.2 (i) State at which point, A, B or C, the speed of reaction is greatest. Explain your answer. point … explanation … …[1] (ii) State the time taken for the reaction to finish. …[1] (iii) Explain your answer to (b) (ii). … …[1]

19 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (c) The student added exactly 2.0 g of powder Q to the solution of R when she carried out her experiment. The black powder Q is a catalyst for the decomposition of compound R. State the mass of Q which remains when R has fully decomposed. Explain your answer. mass of Q remaining … g explanation … … …[2] (d) The student repeats the experiment using a solution of R that has a higher concentration. Predict and explain, in terms of particle collisions, the effect this has on the speed of reaction. … … … …[3]

20 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 8 Fig. 8.1 shows the inside of a refrigerator. freezing compartment Fig. 8.1 (a) The air inside the refrigerator is cooled by convection. The cold air moves downwards from the freezing compartment and displaces warm air which moves upwards. Explain this movement in terms of particles. … … …[2]

21 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (b) Some ice has been made by freezing some water. Fig. 8.2 shows the arrangement of the particles in a liquid and in a solid. A B Fig. 8.2 Use the letters A or B from Fig. 8.2 to fill in the blank and complete the statement to explain your choice. Diagram … shows a liquid because the particles … … …[2] (c) Some ice from the freezing compartment is allowed to melt at 0 °C. Explain why energy is required to melt the ice even though the temperature remains at 0 °C. … … …[1]

22 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 (d) The refrigerator has two lamps connected in parallel. The resistance of each lamp is 5500 Ω. Calculate the combined resistance of the two lamps. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working resistance = … Ω [2] (e) The mass of air in the refrigerator is 0.20 kg. The air in the refrigerator is cooled by 15 °C. This removes 3.03 J of thermal energy from the air. Calculate the specific heat capacity of air. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working specific heat capacity = … J / kg °C [2]

23 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (f) The pump in the refrigerator is powered by an electric motor. Fig. 8.3 shows a simple electric motor. N S coil magnetic field brushes electric current split ring commutator Fig. 8.3 Explain why the coil turns when an electric current passes through it. Your answer should refer to the current, any magnetic fields and the forces acting. … … … … … … …[3]

24 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 9 Table 9.1 shows information about some of the elements found in the second period of the Periodic Table. Table 9.1 Group IV V VI VII VIII element symbol C N O F Ne proton number 6 7 8 9 10 relative atomic mass 12 14 16 19 20 (a) (i) Explain the meanings of the following. Carbon has a proton number of 6. … … Oxygen has a relative atomic mass of 16. … … … [2] (ii) Calculate the relative molecular mass of fluorine, F2. Show your working. …[1] (iii) State, in terms of atomic structure, which of the elements shown in Table 9.1 does not form compounds. Explain your answer. … … …[2]

25 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (b) (i) Describe the arrangement of the electrons in a nitrogen atom. You may draw a diagram if it helps your answer. … …[2] (ii) Complete the covalent bonding diagram of a nitrogen molecule. Your diagram should show only the electrons in the outer shells. N N [2]

26 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 10 A student pinned a young bean plant to a cork board. The plant was on its side with light shining on it from above, as shown in Fig. 10.1. cork board pin stand bean plant light Fig. 10.1 Fig. 10.2 shows the appearance of the plant after two days. cork board stand light Fig. 10.2 (a) The student’s experiment demonstrated that the bean plant shows sensitivity. Define the term sensitivity. … … …[2]

27 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (b) The student concluded that his experiment showed that the plant stem responds to light by growing towards it. (i) State the name for the type of response where a plant grows towards the light. …[1] (ii) The student’s experiment does not justify his conclusion. Explain why not. … … …[2] (iii) Describe, in terms of auxins, what causes the plant stem to change its direction of growth. … … …[2]

28 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 11 An athlete is training for a race. He runs along a race track. (a) Fig. 11.1 shows the speed / time graph for the athlete’s run. 0 0 2 1 4 3 6 5 8 7 10 20 30 40 50 time / s speed m / s Fig. 11.1 (i) Calculate the distance travelled by the athlete. Show your working. distance = … m [3]

29 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (ii) The mass of the athlete is 80 kg. Calculate the kinetic energy of the athlete when he is moving at his maximum speed. State the formula you use and show your working. formula working kinetic energy = …J [2] (b) Fig 11.2 shows the athlete running at his maximum speed. Fig. 11.2 Two forces acting on the athlete are his weight A and air resistance B, which slows the athlete. Draw arrows on Fig. 11.2 to show the directions of these two forces. Label each force clearly using the letters A and B. [2]

30 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 12 Fig. 12.1 shows two processes, L and M, which are important in the petrochemical industry. hot petroleum alkanes process M process L mixture of alkanes and alkenes hot catalyst Fig. 12.1 (a) (i) Name processes L and M. L … M … [2] (ii) State two features of a typical alkane molecule. 1 … 2 … [2] (b) Complete the diagram to show the structure of a molecule of ethene. H I C I H [2]

31 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 [Turn over (c) Bromine reacts with ethene to form a compound that has the formula C2H4Br2. (i) Name the type of chemical reaction that occurs between ethene and bromine. …[1] (ii) The balanced equation for the reaction is shown. C2H4 + Br2 C2H4Br2 State the colour, if any, of the compound that has the formula C2H4Br2. …[1] (iii) A solution of bromine contains 0.00625 moles of bromine molecules. Calculate the mass of the compound C2H4Br2 that is produced when this bromine reacts completely with excess ethene. The relative atomic masses of the elements may be found in the Periodic Table on page 36. Show your working. mass = … g [2] (iv) Describe the reaction, if any, between bromine and ethane. … …[1]

32 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 13 Scientists have investigated the possibility of humans living on the planet Mars. To live on Mars people would need to grow plants on the planet. (a) Explain why humans would be dependent on these plants. … …[1] (b) Table 13.1 shows some of the conditions on Mars, compared to Earth. Table 13.1 Earth Mars distance from the Sun / millions of km 149.6 227.9 mean surface temperature / °C 14 –55 carbon dioxide in the atmosphere / % 0.03 95 availability of water large amounts traces (i) Explain why the distance of the planet from the Sun would be important for plants growing on Mars. … … …[2] (ii) State how the carbon dioxide concentration of the atmosphere on Mars (compared to that on Earth) affects plant growth. Explain your answer. … … …[1]

33 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 (iii) If large numbers of plants were grown on Mars for a long period of time, predict how this might change the planet’s atmosphere. Explain your answer. change … … explanation … … [2]

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36 0654/33/M/J/16 © UCLES 2016 To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series. Group The Periodic Table of Elements 1 H hydrogen 1 2 He helium 4 I II III IV V VI VII VIII 3 Li lithium 7 4 Be beryllium 9 atomic number atomic symbol Key name relative atomic mass 11 Na sodium 23 12 Mg magnesium 24 19 K potassium 39 20 Ca calcium 40 37 Rb rubidium 85 38 Sr strontium 88 55 Cs caesium 133 56 Ba barium 137 87 Fr francium – 88 Ra radium – 5 B boron 11 13 Al aluminium 27 31 Ga gallium 70 49 In indium 115 81 Tl thallium 204 6 C carbon 12 14 Si silicon 28 32 Ge germanium 73 50 Sn tin 119 82 Pb lead 207 22 Ti titanium 48 40 Zr zirconium 91 72 Hf hafnium 178 104 Rf rutherfordium – 23 V vanadium 51 41 Nb niobium 93 73 Ta tantalum 181 105 Db dubnium – 24 Cr chromium 52 42 Mo molybdenum 96 74 W tungsten 184 106 Sg seaborgium – 25 Mn manganese 55 43 Tc technetium – 75 Re rhenium 186 107 Bh bohrium – 26 Fe iron 56 44 Ru ruthenium 101 76 Os osmium 190 108 Hs hassium – 27 Co cobalt 59 45 Rh rhodium 103 77 Ir iridium 192 109 Mt meitnerium – 28 Ni nickel 59 46 Pd palladium 106 78 Pt platinum 195 110 Ds darmstadtium – 29 Cu copper 64 47 Ag silver 108 79 Au gold 197 111 Rg roentgenium – 30 Zn zinc 65 48 Cd cadmium 112 80 Hg mercury 201 112 Cn copernicium – 114 Fl flerovium – 116 Lv livermorium – 7 N nitrogen 14 15 P phosphorus 31 33 As arsenic 75 51 Sb antimony 122 83 Bi bismuth 209 8 O oxygen 16 16 S sulfur 32 34 Se selenium 79 52 Te tellurium 128 84 Po polonium – 9 F fluorine 19 17 Cl chlorine 35.5 35 Br bromine 80 53 I iodine 127 85 At astatine – 10 Ne neon 20 18 Ar argon 40 36 Kr krypton 84 54 Xe xenon 131 86 Rn radon – 21 Sc scandium 45 39 Y yttrium 89 57–71 lanthanoids 89–103 actinoids 57 La lanthanum 139 89 Ac lanthanoids actinoids The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.) actinium – 58 Ce cerium 140 90 Th thorium 232 59 Pr praseodymium 141 91 Pa protactinium 231 60 Nd neodymium 144 92 U uranium 238 61 Pm promethium – 93 Np neptunium – 62 Sm samarium 150 94 Pu plutonium – 63 Eu europium 152 95 Am americium – 64 Gd gadolinium 157 96 Cm curium – 65 Tb terbium 159 97 Bk berkelium – 66 Dy dysprosium 163 98 Cf californium – 67 Ho holmium 165 99 Es einsteinium – 68 Er erbium 167 100 Fm fermium – 69 Tm thulium 169 101 Md mendelevium – 70 Yb ytterbium 173 102 No nobelium – 71 Lu lutetium 175 103 Lr lawrencium –

® IGCSE is the registered trademark of Cambridge International Examinations. This document consists of 7 printed pages. © UCLES 2016 [Turn over Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES 0654/33 Paper 3 Extended Theory May/June 2016 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 120 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2016 series for most Cambridge IGCSE®, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – May/June 2016 0654 33 © Cambridge International Examinations 2016 1 (a) (i) malleability ; [1] (ii) resistant to corrosion ; [1] (b) (i) alloy ; [1] (ii) (alloy is) stronger ; so can withstand the increased pressure inside the can ; [2] (c) (i) electrolyte must be kept liquid / molten / aluminium oxide has a high melting point ; reference to the need for ionic mobility ; [2] (ii) 3 ; Al ions have 3+ charge / discharged at the cathode / owtte ; [2] (iii) C + O2 → CO2 / 2C + O2 → 2CO formulae ; balancing ; [2] [Total: 11] 2 (a) (i) red blood cell ; [1] (ii) engulfs / surrounds foreign particles ; digests them ; [2] (iii) produce antibodies ; rejection ; [2] (b) (i) (artery) carries blood away from the heart / vein carries blood towards the heart ; [1] (ii) stronger wall / prevents bursting ; (because) blood pressure is high ; [2] (iii) stretch / recoil / expand ; smooths out (variation in rate of) blood flow / (variations in) pressure / pulses ; [2] [Total: 10] 3 (a) (i) volume = 37.5 (m3) ; [1] (ii) (mass =) density × volume or 880 × 37.5 ; = 33 000 (kg) ; [2] (b) coal and natural gas all the rest renewable ; [1]

Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – May/June 2016 0654 33 © Cambridge International Examinations 2016 (c) (i) from 20 (Hz) (allow 10 Hz) to 20 000 (Hz) (allow 25 000 Hz) ; [1] (ii) (distance =) speed × time or 1500 × 1.2 (= 1800) ; (divide by 2) 900 (m) ; [2] (iii) compressions further apart and distance between two compressions / rarefactions identified ; [1] [Total: 8] 4 (a) grass → zebra → lion → flea four organisms in correct order ; correct arrows ; [2] (b) (i) ecosystem ; [1] (ii) trophic level ; [1] (iii) decomposer ; [1] (c) grass ; energy losses at each stage ; [2] [Total: 7] 5 (a) (i) lamps in parallel / all correct symbols ; all else correct ; [2] (ii) (Q =) It or = 1.5 × 300 ; = 450 ; C ; [3] (b) (i) speed = wavelength × frequency or 4.8 × 10–7 × 6.25 × 1014 ; = 3.0 × 108 (m / s) ; [2] (ii) all travel at same speed ; are transverse waves ; have electric and magnetic field components ; [max 1] (c) all droplets have same charge ; thus repel each other ; [2] (d) laterally inverted / upright / virtual ; [1]

Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – May/June 2016 0654 33 © Cambridge International Examinations 2016 (e) increased airflow ; increased temperature ; larger surface area ; lower humidity ; [max 2] [Total: 13] 6 (a) (i) D on any cell after fertilisation and H on either sperm or egg ; [1] (ii) mitosis ; [1] (iii) 23 ; 46 ; [2] (b) (i) mutation ; [1] (ii) some individuals more tolerant of drought / AW ; some bacteria more resistant to the antibiotic ; [2] (c) (i) A ; [1] (ii) discontinuous / discrete ; [1] (iii) (different) genes / alleles / genotypes ; [1] [Total: 10] 7 (a) oxygen ; [1] (b) (i) (A) amount of gas produced in a given time is greatest / the gradient is greatest ; [1] (ii) 59 ± 1 seconds ; [1] (iii) volume stops increasing / no more gas being produced (after 59 s) ; graph becomes horizontal, flattens, gradient = 0 [1] (c) 2.0 (g) ; catalysts are not consumed / permanently changed ; [2] (d) rate of reaction would be greater ; the idea that molecules of R must collide with the surface of Q ; higher concentration of R means larger number of molecules (per unit volume) ; reference to increased frequency of (reactive) collisions ; [max 3] [Total: 9]

Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – May/June 2016 0654 33 © Cambridge International Examinations 2016 8 (a) particles move more slowly / have less energy ; particles become closer together ; gas becomes more dense ; [max 2] (b) B AND (most) particles are touching ; and random arrangement ; [2] (c) energy required to overcome attractive forces between particles ; red. to latent heat of fusion ; [max 1] (d) 1 / RT = 1 / R1 + 1 / R2 or 1 / RT = 1 / 5500 + 1 / 5500 = 2 / 5500 or RT = R1R2 / (R1 + R2) or RT = 5500 × 5500 / (2 × 5500) or effective resistance of two equal resistances in parallel is half one of the resistances or owtte or 5500 / 2 ; RT = 2750 (Ω) ; [2] (e) (SHC =) energy / (mass × change in temperature) or 3.03 / 0.20 × 15 ; = 1.01 (J / kg °C) ; [2] (f) current produces magnetic field around coil ; magnetic field produced interacts with other magnetic field ; force on current carrying conductor in magnetic field ; force acts on side of coil ; forces act in opposite direction on each side of coil ; current reverses every half turn ; keeps coil turning in same direction ; [max 3] [Total: 12] 9 (a) (i) a carbon atom / nucleus contains 6 protons ; (on average) an oxygen atom has a mass 16 times greater than a hydrogen atom / 1 / 12 mass of C-12 / other valid forms of the definition ; [2] (ii) 19 × 2 = 38 ; [1] (iii) neon ; all electron shells are full / outer shell is complete / has 8 electrons / does not need to bond to complete outer shell ; [2] (b) (i) 7 electrons / in shells / energy levels surrounding the nucleus ; 2,5 configuration ; [2] (ii) three shared pairs ; both lone pairs and no extra electrons ; [2] [Total: 9]

Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – May/June 2016 0654 33 © Cambridge International Examinations 2016 10 (a) ability to detect / sense changes in the environment ; (and) to respond to them ; [2] (b) (i) phototropism ; [1] (ii) stem would grow upwards, with or without light / anyway ; no control experiment ; (could be) growing against / responding to gravity ; [max 2] (iii) auxin accumulates on lower / darker side ; so more growth / cell elongation on this side ; [2] [Total: 7] 11 (a) (i) area under graph or evidence in working ; distance = ( 1 2 × 20 × 6) + (20 × 6) + ( 1 2 × 5 × 6) ; 195 (m) ; [3] (ii) (KE =) 1 2 m v2 or 1 2 × 80 × 6 × 6 ; = 1440 (J) ; [2] (b) arrow labelled A going downwards ; arrow labelled B going to the left ; [2] [Total: 7] 12 (a) (i) L is fractional distillation ; M is (catalytic / thermal) cracking ; [2] (ii) contain only carbon and hydrogen / is a hydrocarbon ; relatively unreactive ; are saturated / contain only single bonds ; have the general formula CnH2n+2 ; [max 2] (b) 2 × C and 4 × H ; correct bonding ; [2] (c) (i) addition ; [1] (ii) colourless ; [1] (iii) calculate the Mr of dibromoethane = 188 ; calculate mass of 0.00625 moles = 188 × 0.00625 = 1.175 ; [2] (iv) no reaction ; (as alkane / ethane has no double bond to react / owtte) ; [1] [Total: 11]

Page 7 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge IGCSE – May/June 2016 0654 33 © Cambridge International Examinations 2016 13 (a) for food / energy / oxygen ; [1] (b) (i) if further then less light / colder; (ORA) rate of photosynthesis depends on light (intensity) / temperature ; needs liquid water ; [max 2] (ii) CO2 needed for photosynthesis ; [1] (iii) more oxygen / less CO2 ; due to photosynthesis ; [2] [Total: 6]