Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science (9-1) 0984 — 2022 May/June Paper 1 · Variant 2

This document has 12 pages. [Turn over DC (EF) 312486 © UCLES 2022 * 3 8 3 2 1 5 6 9 0 0 * COMPUTER SCIENCE 0984/12 Paper 1 Theory May/June 2022 1 hour 45 minutes You must answer on the question paper. No additional materials are needed. INSTRUCTIONS ● Answer all questions. ● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. ● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page. ● Write your answer to each question in the space provided. ● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid. ● Do not write on any bar codes. ● Calculators must not be used in this paper. INFORMATION ● The total mark for this paper is 75. ● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ]. ● No marks will be awarded for using brand names of software packages or hardware. Cambridge IGCSE™(9–1)

2 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 1 (a) Denary values are converted to binary values to be processed by a computer. Draw one line from each denary value to the correctly converted 8‑bit binary value. Denary 8-bit binary 41 174 86 10100110 10000110 01010110 00100001 00101001 10101110 [3] Working space … … … … … (b) Binary values can also be converted to denary values. Give the correct denary value for the 12‑bit binary value 000101010111 Show all your working. … … … … Denary value … [2]

3 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 [Turn over 2 Hexadecimal is used for Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) colour codes. An HTML colour code is: #2F15D6 Each pair of digits is stored as binary in an 8‑bit register. (a) Give the 8‑bit binary value that would be stored for each pair of hexadecimal digits. 2F 15 D6 [6] Working space … … … … … (b) HTML colour codes and Media Access Control (MAC) addresses are two examples of where hexadecimal is used in Computer Science. Give two other examples of where hexadecimal can be used in Computer Science. Example 1 … Example 2 … [2]

4 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 (c) Websites can be created using HTML structure and presentation. State what is meant by HTML structure and presentation. Give an example of each in your answer. Structure … … … … Presentation … … … … [4] (d) Explain why presentation is often separated from structure when creating a web page. … … … … [2]

5 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 [Turn over 3 Joelle is a student who uses the Internet. (a) The table contains five terms or definitions that relate to the Internet. Complete the table by writing each missing term or definition. Term Definition browser … … … … this is the company that provides a user with a connection to the Internet … this is a protocol that is used to send data for web pages across the Internet Uniform Resource Locator (URL) … … … cookie … … … [5]

6 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 (b) Joelle uses a firewall to keep her data safe when she uses the Internet. Tick (3) to show which statement about firewalls is true. Tick (3) Firewalls can only be hardware‑based Firewalls can only be software‑based Firewalls can be hardware‑based or software‑based [1] (c) Joelle’s parent also uses the firewall to limit the websites that Joelle can access. Explain how the firewall is used to limit the websites that Joelle can access. … … … … … … … … [4]

7 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 [Turn over 4 Jason is a programmer who writes computer programs in a high‑level language. (a) Describe what is meant by a high‑level language. … … … … … … [3] (b) Jason wants to distribute a computer program he has written. He is considering distributing it to users as freeware or free software. (i) Explain one drawback to a user if the program is distributed as freeware. … … … … [2] (ii) Explain one benefit to a user if the program is distributed as free software. … … … … [2]

8 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 5 Consider the following logic statement: X = ((A OR B) AND (NOT (B XOR C)) AND C) (a) Draw a logic circuit to represent the given logic statement. Do not attempt to simplify the logic statement. All logic gates must have a maximum of two inputs. X B A C [5]

9 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 [Turn over (b) Complete the truth table for the given logic statement. A B C Working space X 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 [4] 6 Millions of emails are sent between users on a daily basis. (a) Identify two online security attacks that can be carried out using email. Describe how email is used to enable the attack. Online security attack 1 … Description … … … … … Online security attack 2 … Description … … … … … [6]

10 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 (b) Online security attacks can maliciously damage data. One security method to keep data safe from online attacks is a firewall. Identify two other security methods that keep data safe from online attacks. Security method 1 … Security method 2 … [2] (c) Data can also be damaged accidentally. One example of how data can be damaged accidentally is by shutting down a computer before saving data. To prevent this from happening, a user should make sure they have saved all data before shutting down a computer. Complete the table by giving three other examples of how data can be damaged accidentally. Give a method of prevention for each example. Example Method of prevention … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

11 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 [Turn over 7 Cassie stores data for her business every day. She stores the data using optical data storage. (a) Identify three examples of optical data storage. Example 1 … Example 2 … Example 3 … [3] (b) Six statements are given about the operation of three different types of storage. Tick (3) to show which statements apply to each type of storage. Some statements may apply to more than one type of storage. Type of storage Statement Magnetic (3) Optical (3) Solid state (3) this storage has no moving parts this storage uses a laser to read and write data this storage uses a read/write head this storage burns pits onto a reflective surface this storage uses NAND and NOR technology this storage stores data in tracks and sectors [6]

12 0984/12/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 Permission to reproduce items where third‑party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer‑related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series. Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge. 8 Sam develops a software application. He distributes a version of the software as shareware. (a) Describe what is meant by shareware. … … … … … … … … [4] (b) Identify three ethical issues that may need to be considered when developing and distributing software. Ethical issue 1 … Ethical issue 2 … Ethical issue 3 … [3]

This document consists of 13 printed pages. © UCLES 2022 [Turn over Cambridge IGCSE™ (9–1) COMPUTER SCIENCE 0984/12 Paper 1 Theory May/June 2022 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 75 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2022 series for most Cambridge IGCSE, Cambridge International A and AS Level and Cambridge Pre-U components, and some Cambridge O Level components.

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 2 of 13 Generic Marking Principles These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1: Marks must be awarded in line with:  the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question  the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question  the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2: Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3: Marks must be awarded positively:  marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate  marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do  marks are not deducted for errors  marks are not deducted for omissions  answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4: Rules must be applied consistently, e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 3 of 13 GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5: Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6: Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind. Please note the following further points: The words in bold in the mark scheme are important text that needs to be present, or some notion of it needs to be present. It does not have to be the exact word, but something close to the meaning. If a word is underlined, this exact word must be present. A single forward slash means this is an alternative word. A double forward slash means that this is an alternative mark point. Ellipsis (…) on the end of one-mark point and the start of the next means that the candidate cannot get the second mark point without being awarded the first one. If a mark point has an ellipsis at the beginning, but there is no ellipsis on the mark point before it, then this is just a follow-on sentence and can be awarded without the previous mark point.

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 4 of 13 Question Answer Marks 1(a) One mark for each correct line Denary 8-bit binary 00100001 41 10100110 00101001 174 10000110 86 10101110 01010110 3 1(b) One mark for correct working, one mark for correct answer Working e.g.  256  64  16  4  2  1 Answer:  343 2

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 5 of 13 Question Answer Marks 2(a) Two marks each correct conversion (one mark for the first four bits, one mark for the second four bits) 2F 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 15 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 D6 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 6 2(b) Any two from:  IP address  Error messages/codes  Assembly language // low-level language  URL // web address  Memory dumps  Locations in memory 2 2(c) One mark for a description, one mark for a correct example Structure  Layout of the web page  e.g. Where text is placed Presentation  Formatting of the web page  e.g. the colour of the font 4

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 6 of 13 Question Answer Marks 2(d) Two from:  The formatting of the page can be changed/edited without needing to alter the structure  … so, they can make regular updates without needing to check the structure  The formatting document can be used again for a different website …  If further content and web pages are added to the website, the necessary formatting can be easily applied …  … so, this can save time when developing/updating a website  Allows use of CSS to standardise formatting  … so, CSS only needs to be created once (to be applied to each webpage) 2

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 7 of 13 Question Answer Marks 3(a) One mark for the correct term or definition Term Definition browser Software/application that allows users to view web pages / render HTML Internet Service provider // ISP this is the company that provides a user with a connection to the Internet HTTP // HTTPS this is a protocol that is used to send data for web pages across the Internet Uniform Resource Locator (URL) a text-based version of a web address cookie a text file (stored by web browser) that contains data about a user’s browsing habits/details/preferences 5 3(b)  Hardware or software based 1 3(c) Four from:  (The parent can) set criteria for the websites she is allowed to visit  … such as a whitelist/blacklist of websites  The firewall will examine the data/traffic incoming and outgoing from her computer  If data is sent from a website that is not allowed, it will be blocked 4

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 8 of 13 Question Answer Marks 4(a) Any three from:  It uses English-like statements  It needs to be converted to machine code (to be processed by a computer)  … using a translator  It is portable  One line of code can perform multiple commands 3 4(b)(i) Two from:  The user is not allowed to access the source code …  … so, they cannot tailor the software to their needs  … so, they cannot fix any bugs in it  The software is still covered by copyright  The user must get the owner’s permission to do anything beyond using it 2 4(b)(ii) Two from:  The user can access the source code …  … so, they can tailor the software to their needs  … so, they can fix any bugs in it  … so, the source code could be studied for educational purposes  The user can redistribute the software/program …  … but this must be done under the same terms as the original software 2

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 9 of 13 Question Answer Marks 5(a) One mark for each correct logic gate with correct input(s) 5 5(b) Four marks for 8 correct outputs Three marks for 6/7 correct outputs Two marks for 4/5 correct outputs One mark for 2/3 correct outputs A B C Working space X 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 4

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 10 of 13 Question Answer Marks 6(a) One mark for identifying the attack, two marks for the description  Phishing  Email is sent to user to encourage them to click link  … that takes user to fake website Pharming  Email is sent to user to encourage them to click link/download attachment  … that triggers download of malicious code that will redirect user to fake website Virus/malware  Email is sent to user to encourage them to click link/download attachment  … that triggers download of virus/malware Denial of service // DoS  A very large number of emails are sent to a server/network at the same time  … crashing the server/network 6 6(b) Any two from:  Encryption  Password  Two-step / Two-factor authentication/verification  Biometric device  Anti-malware // Anti-virus  Proxy-server 2

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 11 of 13 Question Answer Marks 6(c) One mark for identifying an issue, one mark for suggesting a suitable prevention  Power surge/loss (damages hardware)  Use a UPS  Water can be spilled on the device  Don’t have water near the device  Keep device in a waterproof box when not is use  Fire can destroy device  Use electrics safety  Keep device in a fireproof box when not is use  Data is accidentally deleted  Add verification method for data deletion  Set access levels for data to limit who can delete the data  Incorrect use of storage device  Making sure device is ejected before removing  Physical damage to hardware // hardware failure  Correct care and maintenance of hardware  Software failure  Making sure it is always up to date // enable automatic updates 6

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 12 of 13 Question Answer Marks 7(a) Three from:  CD  DVD  Blu-ray 3 7(b) One mark for each correct row Type of storage Statement Magnetic () Optical () Solid state () this storage has no moving parts  this storage uses a laser to read and write data  this storage uses a read/write head   this storage burns pits onto a reflective surface  this storage uses NAND and NOR technology  this storage stores data in tracks and sectors  () 6

0984/12 Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 13 of 13 Question Answer Marks 8(a) Any four from:  Trial version of software  … for a limited time / number of uses  … with limited features  … free of charge  If full version is required need to pay fee / sign up // When trial over user is asked to pay / sign up  Protected by copyright  Type of software licence 4 8(b) Any three from: e.g.  Copyright  Plagiarism  Production/distribution of malware  Intellectual property theft  Privacy of data  Age appropriation  Offensive materials  Environmental impact of distribution media e.g. CDs  Accessibility of software  Security of software  Following guidelines of professional bodies e.g. ACM/IEEE/BCS 3