Cambridge IGCSE Biology (BES) 0438 — 2014 May/June Paper 1 · Variant 1

This document consists of 17 printed pages and 3 blank pages. IB14 06_0438_11/FP © UCLES 2014 [Turn over *9452367258* Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education BIOLOGY (US) 0438/11 Paper 1 Multiple Choice May/June 2014 45 minutes Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Center number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet. Electronic calculators may be used.

2 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 1 Why does the energy needed by a human increase during the first ten years of life? A Coordination and responses improve. B Energy is needed for gamete formation. C The body is growing. D The diet is more balanced. 2 Which feature is characteristic of both annelids and arthropods? A compound eyes B jointed limbs C segmented bodies D wings 3 Which features do animal cells share with plant cells? chloroplast cytoplasm nucleus A    B    C    D    4 The diagram shows an animal. Use the key to identify the animal. 1 wings present … go to 2 wings absent … go to 3 2 one pair of wings visible … A two pairs of wings visible … B 3 three pairs of legs … C four pairs of legs … D

3 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 [Turn over 5 Which pair of statements about a plant cell is correct? outer surface of the cell position of sap vacuole A cell membrane outside the cytoplasm B cell membrane surrounded by the cytoplasm C cell wall outside the cytoplasm D cell wall surrounded by the cytoplasm 6 The diagram shows a cell. Which structure is not present? A cell membrane B cell wall C cytoplasm D nucleus

4 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 7 The diagram shows a section through a root. P Q R What are the levels of organization of the labeled structures? cell organ tissue A P Q R B P R Q C Q R P D R Q P 8 Which structures contain a cell nucleus? red blood cell root hair cell xylem vessel A    key B    = nucleus C    = no nucleus D   

5 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 [Turn over 9 The diagram shows a cell. Which type of cell does the diagram show? A an animal cell in a concentrated solution of salts B an animal cell in pure water C a plant cell in a concentrated solution of salts D a plant cell in pure water 10 Two identical cylinders, 40 mm long, are cut from a potato. One (W) is placed in water and the other (X) is placed in a concentrated sugar solution. What are the lengths of the cylinders after two hours? length of cylinder / mm W X A 38 40 B 38 42 C 40 42 D 42 38 11 What is a characteristic of all catalysts? A They are broken down in the reaction. B They are made of protein. C They are not changed by the reaction. D They do not change the rate of the reaction.

6 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 12 The bar chart shows the average number of chloroplasts in each of three different types of leaf cell. 1 2 type of cell 3 average number of chloroplasts in each cell What are the three types of cell? 1 2 3 A guard cell palisade mesophyll cell spongy mesophyll cell B palisade mesophyll cell spongy mesophyll cell guard cell C spongy mesophyll cell guard cell palisade mesophyll cell D spongy mesophyll cell palisade mesophyll cell guard cell

7 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 [Turn over 13 The diagram shows two food tests carried out on solution X. heat solution X solution X test 1 test 2 purple color biuret solution Benedict’s solution red color Which nutrients are present in solution X? A protein and starch B protein and sugar C starch and fat D starch and sugar 14 A person has their gall bladder removed. Which statement is correct? A They cannot eat carbohydrates. B They can eat fat only in small amounts. C They can eat only liquid food. D They must not eat more than one large meal a day. 15 Which blood vessel contains valves? A arteriole B capillary C renal artery D renal vein

8 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 16 When blood is flowing through a vena cava, which main blood vessel will it flow through next? A hepatic portal vein B hepatic vein C pulmonary artery D pulmonary vein 17 How does insulin move from the pancreas, where it is produced, to the cell where it acts? A along nerves B in the blood C through the digestive system D through the pancreatic duct 18 The graph shows the energy released by two animals through respiration as the external temperature changes. 20 15 10 5 0 0 10 20 30 external temperature / °C 40 50 60 rate of energy released / arbitrary units animal 1 animal 1 animal 2 animal 2 animal 1 animal 2 Which conclusion can be drawn from the graph? A Animals 1 and 2 release the least energy at 23 °C. B Animal 2 always respires faster than animal 1. C As the temperature rises, respiration always increases. D The rate of respiration is the same for both animals at 23 °C.

9 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 [Turn over 19 The graph shows changes in the volume of air in the lungs of a person at rest, over a period of 30 seconds. 0 0 1 2 30 time / s volume of air in lungs / dm3 Which graph shows changes in the volume of air in the lungs of the same person immediately after they have done five minutes of vigorous exercise? 0 30 time / s A 0 30 time / s B 0 30 time / s C 0 30 time / s D 0 1 2 volume of air in lungs / dm3 0 1 2 volume of air in lungs / dm3 0 1 2 volume of air in lungs / dm3 0 1 2 volume of air in lungs / dm3

10 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 20 Four word equations are shown. P carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen Q glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water R glucose → lactic acid S glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide What are the equations for anaerobic respiration in humans and anaerobic respiration in yeast? anaerobic respiration in humans anaerobic respiration in yeast A Q P B Q S C R P D R S 21 Which organs remove excretory products from the blood? A bladder and liver B bladder and lungs C kidneys and bladder D lungs and kidneys

11 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 [Turn over 22 The diagram shows a simple reflex arc. 1 motor neurone activated 2 sensory neurone activated 3 muscle stimulated 4 receptor stimulated knee tapped here What is the correct order of events after the knee is tapped? A 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 B 1 → 4 → 2 → 3 C 4 → 2 → 1 → 3 D 4 → 3 → 2 → 1

12 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 23 The graph shows the effect of an antibiotic treatment on bacterial populations in the blood. 0 time / days 10 bacterial population start of antibiotic treatment What conclusion can be drawn from the graph? A Antibiotics are effective against viral and bacterial infections. B Antibiotics cause reduction division in bacteria. C Antibiotics take ten days to kill all bacteria. D Before the start of antibiotic treatment the bacterial population was rising. 24 What are involved in reproduction in both animals and plants? A ovary and embryo B ovary and testes C ovule and stigma D uterus and embryo 25 The diagram shows different parts of the female reproductive organs where different methods of birth control can be used. Where should a diaphragm be placed before intercourse if a couple do not want a baby? A D C B

13 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 [Turn over 26 The diagram shows an experiment on germination. Groups of test-tubes were set up as shown. The groups were placed in different conditions. 1 2 3 seeds dry cotton wool wet cotton wool oil deoxygenated water Which table shows the results? A condition 1 2 3 in the dark    in the light    B condition 1 2 3 in the dark    in the light    C condition 1 2 3 in the dark    in the light    D condition 1 2 3 in the dark    in the light    key = seeds germinate = seeds do not germinate

14 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 27 In arthropods, growth occurs only after the exoskeleton is shed and before the new one hardens. Which graph shows a typical growth curve for an arthropod? length of arthropod time A time B time C time D length of arthropod length of arthropod length of arthropod 28 The graph shows the masses of two different types of tomato. 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 number of tomatoes mass / g type 1 type 2 What can be concluded from the graph? A Genes do not affect the mass of tomatoes. B Type 1 tomatoes show continuous variation. C Type 2 tomatoes are sometimes smaller than type 1 tomatoes. D Type 2 tomatoes show discontinuous variation.

15 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 [Turn over 29 Genetics is the study of A development of organisms. B mechanisms of inheritance. C nuclear division. D variation between species. 30 What is unlikely to be affected by the environment? A blood group B body mass C health D height 31 The diagram shows what happens to the energy that enters the atmosphere from the Sun. Sun’s energy 2% is absorbed by plants 16% is reflected 32% warms the ground 50% evaporates water How much of the Sun’s energy is not used for photosynthesis? A less than 2% B about 32% C about 66% D more than 98% 32 The diagram shows a food chain. trophic level: producers 1 herbivores 2 carnivores 3 top carnivores 4 If the carnivores in trophic level 3 suddenly die out as a result of disease, in which trophic levels will the number of organisms be likely to decrease? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 4 D 4 only

16 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 33 The surface waters of the ocean contain a population of microscopic plants. Which factor would result in fewer of these plants? A an increase in the population of microscopic animals B greater concentration of mineral nutrients C higher temperature D more light 34 By which process does water enter the atmosphere? A condensation B photosynthesis C precipitation D transpiration 35 The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle. Which labeled arrow represents photosynthesis? carbon dioxide in atmosphere green plants animals bacteria A B C D 36 What are products of respiration in green plants? A glucose and carbon dioxide B glucose and oxygen C water and carbon dioxide D water and oxygen

17 © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 37 In 2005, fifteen mice were set free on an island where mice had never lived before. The table shows how their population changed over the next three years. year mouse population 2005 15 2006 62 2007 237 2008 965 What caused the population change shown in the table? A lack of food B lack of predators C lack of space D lack of water 38 What is reduced when untreated sewage is released into rivers? A the amount of nitrate B the concentration of carbon dioxide C the concentration of oxygen D the number of bacteria 39 The diagram shows a food chain. A farmer sprays his cabbages with pesticide. Which organisms does the farmer want to kill? A cabbages B greenflies C beetles D small birds 40 Which pollutants of water can lead to eutrophication? fertilizers herbicides insecticides sewage A     B     C     D    

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20 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © UCLES 2014 0438/11/M/J/14 BLANK PAGE

CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2014 series 0438 BIOLOGY (US) 0438/11 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice), maximum raw mark 40 Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2014 series for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components.

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – May/June 2014 0438 11 © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 Question Number Key Question Number Key 1 C 21 D 2 C 22 C 3 C 23 D 4 A 24 A 5 D 25 D 6 B 26 A 7 B 27 B 8 C 28 B 9 C 29 B 10 D 30 A 11 C 31 D 12 A 32 B 13 B 33 A 14 B 34 D 15 D 35 A 16 C 36 C 17 B 37 B 18 D 38 C 19 C 39 B 20 D 40 B