Cambridge IGCSE Biology (BES) 0438 — 2013 Oct/Nov Paper 1 · Variant 1

This document consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page. IB13 11_0438_11/FP © UCLES 2013 [Turn over *9582390750* UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education BIOLOGY (US) 0438/11 Paper 1 Multiple Choice October/November 2013 45 minutes Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Center number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet. Electronic calculators may be used.

2 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 1 Which process provides the raw materials needed for tissue repair? A excretion B growth C nutrition D respiration 2 The diagram shows an arthropod. How many pairs of jointed legs does this arthropod have? A 2 B 20 C 21 D 40 3 Which group does not contain animals that are arthropods? A annelids B arachnids C crustaceans D insects

3 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 [Turn over 4 Keys are used in biological identification. Which statement may appear in a key and alone could identify one of the plants in the diagrams? A The plant has a single deep root with small branches. B The plant has many similar roots, arising from a single point. C The plant has one flower on the stem. D The plant has pointed leaves. 5 The diagrams show a leaf cell before and after staining with iodine solution. green before staining blue-black after staining color change Which substance causes the iodine solution to change color? A chlorophyll B protein C reducing sugar D starch

4 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 6 The diagram shows a cell seen under the light microscope. P Q Which labels are correct? P Q A cell membrane cytoplasm B cell membrane vacuole C cell wall cytoplasm D cell wall vacuole 7 Which is a tissue and which is an organ? tissue organ A a group of liver cells xylem B a group of palisade cells the stomach C the brain a root D the reproductive system the liver 8 Which series of terms is listed in order of increasing level of organization? A cell → organ → tissue → organ system B cell → tissue → organ → organ system C tissue → cell → organ → organ system D tissue → organ → organ system → cell

5 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 [Turn over 9 The diagram shows six cells. P Q R S T U Which are plant cells and which are animal cells? plant cells animal cells A P, Q and U R, S and T B P, R, S and T Q and U C Q and T P, R, S and U D R, S and U P, Q and T 10 Which diagram shows the appearance of a plant cell several minutes after it has been placed in a concentrated solution of sugar? A B C D

6 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 11 The diagrams show an experiment when set up and the same experiment two hours later. when set up two hours later partially permeable membrane pure water concentrated sugar solution colored with dye dye has moved into this side What explains the movement of water and dye? movement of water movement of dye A diffusion osmosis B osmosis diffusion C osmosis translocation D translocation diffusion 12 Which statement is correct for all catalysts? A They are enzymes. B They are proteins. C They speed up chemical reactions. D They work in living organisms. 13 Two enzyme-controlled reactions are shown. amino acids proteins enzyme 1 proteins amino acids enzyme 2 From these reactions, what deduction can be made about enzymes? A Enzyme 1 has been changed to enzyme 2. B Enzyme 2 slows down the production of amino acids. C Enzymes can build up large molecules. D Enzymes only break down large molecules.

7 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 [Turn over 14 The diagram shows two food molecules before and after they have been digested by enzymes. P Q R S after before What identifies the products of fat digestion? A P and R B P and S C Q and R D Q and S 15 Four foods were tested for each of the following nutrients: fat (using ethanol); protein (using the biuret test); reducing sugar (using Benedict’s solution), Which food contains protein and fat? color of result of food test purple / lilac brick-red / orange milky-white A    key B    = nutrient present C    = nutrient absent D   

8 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 16 The graphs show the quantities of selected vitamins and mineral ions in four foods. beans egg fish fruit beans egg fish fruit beans egg fish fruit beans egg fish fruit vitamin C mg per 100 g 30 20 10 0 vitamin D µg per 100 g 15 10 5 0 iron mg per 100 g 3 2 1 0 calcium mg per 100 g 150 100 50 0 Which food is the richest source of the vitamin or mineral ions essential for the transport of oxygen by the blood? A beans B egg C fish D fruit

9 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 [Turn over 17 The diagram shows the circulatory system of a mammal. capillary network in lungs capillary network in body organs left atrium left ventricle right atrium right ventricle Y X What describes the blood in vessels X and Y? X Y A deoxygenated deoxygenated B deoxygenated oxygenated C oxygenated deoxygenated D oxygenated oxygenated 18 In which order does water pass through these tissues in a plant? A mesophyll → xylem → root cortex B root cortex → mesophyll → xylem C root cortex → xylem → mesophyll D xylem → mesophyll → root cortex

10 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 19 The diagram shows two shoots at the start of an experiment on transpiration. 30 g spring balance oil water shoot X shoot Y 30 g What are the likely readings on the spring balances after three days? shoot X shoot Y A 30 g 30 g B 30 g 25 g C 25 g 30 g D 25 g 25 g

11 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 [Turn over 20 The diagram shows a section through an alveolus and a capillary. X Y Why does carbon dioxide move from X to Y? A Air has a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than blood. B Carbon dioxide moves more freely in air than in blood. C Carbon dioxide must replace oxygen. D Diffusion of carbon dioxide can only be out of the blood. 21 The table shows the approximate composition of air breathed out by a mammal. gas air breathed out / % nitrogen 80 oxygen 16 carbon dioxide 4 Where did the nitrogen in the air breathed out come from? A It was a product of proteins broken down in the mammal. B It was a product of respiration. C It was in the air that was breathed in. D It was exchanged for oxygen which was taken into the blood.

12 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 22 The diagram shows some structures in the human neck and thorax. Q The lining of tube Q has cilia. What is an important function of the cilia? A to help in the exchange of gases B to increase the internal surface area of tube Q C to moisten the air entering and leaving the lungs D to move mucus towards the throat 23 The diagram shows some blood vessels near the surface of the skin. skin surface Y X Z blood flow If vasoconstriction occurs at X, what happens to the blood flow at Y and Z? Y Z A decreases decreases B decreases stays constant C increases increases D increases stays constant

13 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 [Turn over 24 A person has a high-protein diet. What describes the level of urea in the blood leaving the liver and in the urine leaving the kidneys? urea in blood leaving liver urea in urine leaving kidneys A high high B high low C low high D low low 25 The diagram shows seedlings in two experiments on the tropic response of seedlings to gravity and light. shoot shoot start of experiment in the dark 3 days later shoot shoot start of experiment 3 days later light from one side to show the effect of gravity to show the effect of light Experiment 1 Experiment 2 How have the seedlings responded? to gravity to light A   key B   = tropic response shown C   = no tropic response shown D  

14 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 26 How does sweating cool the body? A Sweating causes vasodilation. B Sweating decreases the water content of the blood. C Urea and salt are lost from the body in sweat. D Water in sweat evaporates from the skin. 27 A mango tree can reproduce by seed and by asexual reproduction. Trees produced by each of these methods produce mango fruits. When comparing these fruits genetically, what is the correct result? fruits of trees grown from seeds fruits of trees produced by asexual reproduction A identical identical B identical non-identical C non-identical identical D non-identical non-identical 28 The diagram shows a section through a flower. 1 2 3 4 After the flower is fertilized, which parts will develop into the fruit and the seed? fruit seed A 1 2 B 1 4 C 2 3 D 3 4

15 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 [Turn over 29 The graph is a record of the growth of a plant. y-axis x-axis Which labels should be used for the x-axis and the y-axis? x-axis y-axis A dry mass number of cells B time cell size C time dry mass D total mass time 30 Which environmental factor is not always a requirement for seed germination? A light B oxygen C suitable temperature D water 31 Most birds have a colored pigment in their feathers, but in a few individuals, pigment is absent and the birds are albinos. Albinism occurs when a bird is homozygous recessive for the gene which creates the colored pigment. If two albino birds mated, what describes the appearance of their offspring? A all albino B all colored C 50% colored, 50% albino D 75% colored, 25% albino

16 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 32 In an animal, the allele for straight fur is dominant to the allele for curly fur. A pair of these animals mate and have nine offspring with straight fur and three with curly fur. F represents the allele for straight fur and f represents the allele for curly fur. What are the most likely genotypes of the parents? A F and f B FF and ff C FF and Ff D Ff and Ff 33 What defines a diploid nucleus? A a nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes B a nucleus containing two unpaired chromosomes C a nucleus with two alternative forms of a gene D a nucleus with two separate threads of DNA 34 A food chain shows how organisms depend on each other for their sources of energy, but all energy comes ultimately from one source. What is this energy source? A leaves of plants B meat C sunlight D water

17 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 [Turn over 35 The diagram shows a food web. vegetation, fruits and seeds voles hawks spiders toads and lizards herbivorous insects carnivorous insects rabbits X foxes What type of organism is X? A a carnivore B a decomposer C a herbivore D a producer 36 The diagram shows the carbon cycle. carbon dioxide in the air carbon compounds in green plants carbon compounds in animals carbon compounds in micro-organisms which cause decay P Q R S T U V Which three letters represent respiration? A P, Q and R B P, Q and S C T, S and V D T, U and V

18 © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 37 In which natural cycles do photosynthesis and respiration both play a part? carbon cycle water cycle A   B   C   D   38 What is the correct sequence for the stages in a sigmoid population growth curve? A lag → log → stationary B log → lag → stationary C stationary → lag → log D stationary→ log → lag 39 The chart shows which species of different animals are present in rivers of different pH. 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 pH trout bass perch frogs salamanders clams crayfish snails mayflies species key present absent Which conclusion can be drawn from this information? A Both frogs and mayflies can live in more acidic river water than trout. B Clams and snails are most affected by acidic river water. C Most species can live in river water below pH 5.5. D Not all species are affected by acidic river water.

19 © UCLES 2013 0610/11/O/N/13 40 The graph shows the quantities of pesticides that accumulate in four populations, each at different trophic levels in a food chain. Which population is most likely to be herbivores? A B C D 0.02 10 200 1600 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 quantity of pesticide accumulated / parts per million

20 Copyright Acknowledgements: Question 40 © adapted: Jean Martin; Core Biology; Cambridge University Press; 1999. Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © UCLES 2013 0438/11/O/N/13 BLANK PAGE

CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2013 series 0438 BIOLOGY (US) 0438/11 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice), maximum raw mark 40 Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2013 series for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components.

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2013 0438 11 © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 Question Number Key Question Number Key 1 C 21 C 2 B 22 D 3 A 23 A 4 A 24 A 5 D 25 A 6 B 26 D 7 B 27 C 8 B 28 D 9 C 29 C 10 A 30 A 11 B 31 A 12 C 32 D 13 C 33 A 14 D 34 C 15 A 35 A 16 B 36 B 17 D 37 A 18 C 38 A 19 C 39 B 20 A 40 C