Cambridge A Level Travel and Tourism 9395 — 2017 Oct/Nov Paper 4 · Variant 1

This document consists of 7 printed pages, 1 blank page and 1 Insert. DC (SR) 154069 © UCLES 2017 [Turn over Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level * 9 6 2 8 3 8 5 7 1 3 * TRAVEL AND TOURISM 9395/41 Paper 4 Destination Management October/November 2017 1 hour 30 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. All the Figures referred to in the questions are contained in the Insert. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 9395/41/O/N/17 © UCLES 2017 Question 1 Refer to Fig. 1 (Insert), information about the cruise industry. (a) Explain two likely priorities of cruise ship companies. 1 … … … … 2 … … … …[4]

3 9395/41/O/N/17 © UCLES 2017 [Turn over (b) Discuss possible ways cruise ship companies might minimise the negative environmental impacts of cruising. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [9]

4 9395/41/O/N/17 © UCLES 2017 (c) Assess the benefits to destinations, such as the Caribbean, the Mediterranean and Alaska, of encouraging more visits by cruise ships. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …[12] [Total: 25]

5 9395/41/O/N/17 © UCLES 2017 [Turn over Question 2 Refer to Fig. 2 (Insert), information about Destination Management Companies (DMCs) in Malta. (a) Explain two roles of a DMC. 1 … … … … 2 … … … …[4]

6 9395/41/O/N/17 © UCLES 2017 (b) Explain the ways DMCs can encourage responsible tourist behaviour. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …[9]

7 9395/41/O/N/17 © UCLES 2017 (c) Discuss the ways quality assurance of DMCs may help to retain an authentic cultural experience for visitors. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …[12] [Total: 25]

8 9395/41/O/N/17 © UCLES 2017 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. BLANK PAGE

® IGCSE is a registered trademark. This document consists of 5 printed pages. © UCLES 2017 [Turn over Cambridge Assessment International Education Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level TRAVEL AND TOURISM 9395/41 Paper 4 Destination Management October/November 2017 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 50 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2017 series for most Cambridge IGCSE®, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

9395/41 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2017 © UCLES 2017 Page 2 of 5 Question Answer Marks 1(a) Explain two likely priorities of cruise ship companies. Award one mark for each of two identified priorities for cruise ship companies, plus an additional mark for an explanation. e.g. • As a commercial organisation it would wish to market and sell its products [1] endeavouring to make a profit and have a good return on its investments [1] • Develop further its products and services [1] tapping into markets that are, as yet, undeveloped [1] • Keep passengers entertained throughout their experience [1] in order that they will return and give positive feedback by word of mouth, thus advertising the company [1] Accept any reasonable interpretation from Fig. 1 4 1(b) Discuss possible ways cruise ship companies might minimise the negative environmental impacts of cruising. Candidates are expected to be aware of the impacts of tourism development. They should be able to combine their knowledge of developing countries with information provided from Fig. 1. Indicative content • Conservation themes, consider routes and areas where they put to port • Education of customers to be more environmentally aware and less wasteful • Promote sustainability • Develop new more sustainable/eco-friendly ships using solar/recycling • Preservation Use level of response criteria Level 1 (1–3 marks) will identify/describe some possible ways. Information may be in the form of a list. There is little or no attempt to discuss. The answer is basic and shows limited knowledge of how to minimise environmental impacts. Answers may be generic in their description. Level 2 (4–6 marks) can be awarded for an explanation of a number of possible ways. The answer is relevant and shows reasonable knowledge and understanding with some use of specialist vocabulary. Level 3 (7–9 marks) can be awarded for discussion and analytical comments about the ways in which environmental impacts can be minimised. There should be sound and frequent evidence of thought, detailed and accurate knowledge and understanding. 9

9395/41 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2017 © UCLES 2017 Page 3 of 5 Question Answer Marks 1(c) Assess the benefits to destinations, such as the Caribbean, the Mediterranean and Alaska, of encouraging more visits by cruise ships. Candidates are expected to be aware of commercial organisations and their roles in tourism development along with supporting evidence provided from Fig. 1. Indicative content • Benefits will include – more business to generate income for the locality which can be invested in social projects for the local community • Multiplier effect which will benefit more than just one area • Wealth generation can then be spread to other organisations e.g. tour operators such as bus and coach companies • Benefits to local attractions, cafes, restaurants, etc. through greater usage • May extend seasons for local employees • Maximise and retain visitor spending Use level of response criteria Level 1 (1–4 marks) will identify/describe some possible benefits. Information may be in the form of a list. There is little or no attempt to assess. The answer is basic and shows limited knowledge of socio cultural impacts. Answers may be generic in their description. Level 2 (5–8 marks) can be awarded for an explanation of a number of benefits. The answer is relevant and shows reasonable knowledge and understanding with some use of specialist vocabulary. Level 3 (9–12 marks) will explain the benefits and consideration should be given to assessment of these benefits. There should be sound and frequent evidence of thought, detailed and accurate knowledge and understanding. 12

9395/41 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2017 © UCLES 2017 Page 4 of 5 Question Answer Marks 2(a) Explain two roles of a DMC. Award one mark for each of two identified roles of DMCs. Plus an additional mark for an explanation of the roles. • Local Destination Management Companies look after visitor management by incorporating fresh ideas, designed to suit particular event requirements. [1] They will ensure that guests get an authentic taste of a destination [1]. • Provides services, knowledge and expertise [1] such as meeting and greeting customers [1] • Organises transportation and accommodation arrangements [1] transfers and all the logistics required to make a visit as smooth as possible [1] 4 2(b) Explain the ways DMCs can encourage responsible tourist behaviour. Candidates are expected to be aware of impacts and the role of responsible tourist behaviour. They should be able to combine their knowledge with information provided from Fig. 2. Indicative content • By educating the tourist through a variety of means, offering responsible products and services and ensuring that the message of responsible behaviour is communicated to tourists • By delivering strong marketing/advertising messages • Issuing a code of conduct drawn up with local people and organisations involved • By incorporating community projects and involving local people • By involving all stakeholders at a destination, keeping communication lines open and encouraging local people to have a strong input Use level of response criteria Level 1 (1–3 marks) will identify/describe some possible ways. Information may be in the form of a list. There is little or no attempt to assess. The answer is basic and shows limited knowledge of economic impacts. Answers may be generic in their description. Level 2 (4–6 marks) can be awarded for an explanation of a number of ways. The answer is relevant and shows reasonable knowledge and understanding with some use of specialist vocabulary. Level 3 (7–9 marks) can be awarded for assessment about the ways DMCs can encourage responsible behaviour. There should be sound and frequent evidence throughout, detailed and accurate knowledge and understanding. 9

9395/41 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2017 © UCLES 2017 Page 5 of 5 Question Answer Marks 2(c) Discuss the ways quality assurance of DMCs may help to retain an authentic cultural experience for visitors. Candidates are expected to be aware of the role and priorities of destination management companies in 4.2 (b) They should be able to combine their knowledge of DMC activities with information provided in Fig. 2. Indicative content • The quality assurance is a guideline for signed-up DMCs – the requirements of which incorporate good practice and the retention of Maltese values and customs • The criteria for quality assurance is for the highest possible quality of events done by DMCs and this should ensure authenticity of culture as well as a variety of cultural events, however, they do encourage overseas participants and this will need careful monitoring of quality overall • By organising cultural events such as art festivals and expanding understanding of good practice linked to cultural importance that local communities will benefit from • Helps to retain value and credibility of culture as the guidelines for DMCs are clear to follow and fit for purpose • DMCs should display quality, consistency and professionalism in line with the guidelines Use level of response criteria Level 1 (1–4 marks) will identify/describe some possible ways. Information may be in the form of a list. There is little or no attempt to discuss. The answer is basic and shows limited knowledge of DMCs, roles, priorities, quality and culture. Answers may be generic in their description. Level 2 (5–8 marks) can be awarded for an explanation of the ways. The answer is relevant and shows reasonable knowledge and understanding with some use of specialist vocabulary. Level 3 (9–12 marks) can be awarded for discursive comments about DMCs, quality, roles, priorities and culture. Consideration should be given to the importance of authenticity under discussion and not simply a generic response. There should be sound and frequent evidence throughout, detailed and accurate knowledge and understanding. 12