Cambridge A Level Information Technology (from 2017) 9626 — 2019 Feb/March Paper 1 · Variant 2

This document consists of 15 printed pages and 1 blank page. DC (JP/CB) 164153/3 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over Cambridge Assessment International Education Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level * 4 0 5 3 6 8 3 1 8 1 * INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 9626/12 Paper 1 Theory February/March 2019 1 hour 45 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of this page. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Calculators must not be used on this paper. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Any businesses described in this paper are entirely fictitious.

2 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 1 Tick the four statements, referring to different types of application software, which are true. ✓ You can use word processing software to create tables of data You can only use database software to create reports Spreadsheet software can be used to produce charts You must always use web authoring software when creating web pages Financial modelling can involve the use of spreadsheet software Video editing software cannot be used to edit a music soundtrack Word processing software can include multimedia features You can only create data forms using database software Photo editing software is only used to edit photos A management information system (MIS) is a form of database management system [4] 2 Tick the four most accurate statements, referring to the digital divide. ✓ The digital divide can exist between the educated and uneducated The digital divide can exist between those living in rural areas and those living in urban areas The digital divide does not exist between people from different economic classes Everyone these days owns a smartphone so the divide is closing rapidly Minority groups have no difficulty performing transactions on smartphones thereby reducing the divide Disabilities of potential internet users constitute another type of digital divide Some less developed countries have limited access to digital services Most tribal communities have universal mobile phone coverage in their community The digital divide only refers to those who can and cannot access the internet The price of connection to the internet tends not to vary between countries [4]

3 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over 3 A student is researching the topic of her new assignment. She has been provided with a series of hard copy magazine articles. She has been told by her tutor that these are probably more reliable than searching the World Wide Web for information. Compare and contrast the use of these two types of data sources for her research. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

4 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 4 There are many types of systems software including interpreters and device drivers. (a) In order for a computer to output to a printer it uses a printer driver. This is just one of many device drivers a computer uses. Explain the purpose of device drivers. … … … … … … … … … … [4] (b) Describe the function of an interpreter. … … … … … … … … … … [4]

5 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over 5 A teacher has reminded her students to proof read their assignments before they hand them in. Define the term ‘proof reading’. … … … … … … … … … … [4] 6 Many mobile phone companies, in the past, persuaded customers to move from 3G to 4G. Compare and contrast 3G and 4G technologies. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

6 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 7 Mumbai Stores is a company which has a chain of shops. The company stores the customers’ reference number, and the value of the goods they have purchased, in a transaction file. Any payments the customers have made on their account at the end of the month are also stored in the same file. Parts of the Transaction file and Master file are shown. The Goods_bought field contains only the value of goods bought using the account’s credit facilities. The Master file shows the customers reference number, the money they owe from the previous month (Old_balance) and the money they now owe (New_balance). The New_balance has to be calculated by using the Old_balance, Goods_bought and any Payment made. All these values are in rupees. Transaction file Master file Customer_ref_no Goods_bought Payment Customer_ref_no Old_balance New_balance 943201 5500 4000 256431 0 256431 3800 3800 319852 10000 319852 9200 10000 433303 5000 433303 3200 5200 590871 4500 590871 4300 6800 599812 0 612759 3700 3700 612759 0 650897 2300 2300 650897 0 698915 4000 6600 678945 6800 751654 4400 4400 698915 2600 804782 5200 8200 712356 5100 751654 0 804782 4200 943201 0 963584 2400

7 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over (a) Describe the processes that must happen to the Transaction file before the Master file can be updated. . … … … . … … … [2] (b) Using this data, explain how the Master file is updated using the Transaction file shown. You may assume that the only transaction being carried out is the calculation of the New_balance. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

8 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 (c) Each customer has a credit limit of 20000₹. Customers must make a payment of at least 2000₹ each month. Using examples from the Transaction file, explain why it would be appropriate to use a range check on one field and a limit check on another field. Please note, the Customer_ref_no is stored as text. … … … … … … … … … … … … [5]

9 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over 8 Rishu has been asked by the directors of the company she works for to set up a fully functioning video-conferencing room. It will be used by several workers at the same time to communicate with the directors who will be in a different building. Describe, including a use of each item, the hardware she will need to purchase. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

10 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 9 Describe the differences between health issues and safety (apart from e-safety) issues experienced by employees in an IT-based work environment. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

11 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over 10 Jasvir owns a gardening equipment hire shop. She has developed a simple database system which contains information about the equipment. Each record contains the following data: Equipment_name, Manufacturer, Equipment_code (a six character code), Hire_price, Number_ of_days_hired, Date_hired, Customer_number and Loyalty_customer (Y/N). Design an appropriate online data entry form for one item of equipment, clearly indicating the amount of space required for each field. Use the computer screen shown below for your design. Where appropriate allow the user to enter data by clicking the mouse rather than entering text. [8]

12 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 11 Juanita is the company secretary of a small business in the USA. She has created a spreadsheet to calculate the payroll. The spreadsheet is shown below. A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 John Vercoe Lauren Hall Chloe Rhodes Owen Williams Lotte Charles Jeannie Burke Jimmy Lee Dawid Jones Li Sun Wu Charlotte Watson Joe Norfolk Joanne Floyd Anthony Campbell Linda Stuart Kate Smith Sam Smith Duncan Rydell Tony Thomson Dougie Ryder Job codes L OS F OS L OS F F M D M F F L L OS L L OS Roles Labourer $15 $25 $22 $40 $80 Hourly rate Fitter Manager Director Office secretary L F OS M D Job title Labourer Office secretary Fitter Office secretary Labourer Office secretary Fitter Fitter Manager Director Manager Fitter Fitter Labourer Labourer Office secretary Labourer Labourer Office secretary Hours worked 40 38 39 42 35 38 40 32 45 50 41 38 40 38 37 40 36 37 41 Weekly pay $600 $836 $975 $924 $525 $836 $1,000 $800 $1,800 $4,000 $1,640 $950 $1,000 $570 $555 $880 $540 $555 $902 B C D E F G H I J K L (a) She has created a named range Roles Describe how she created this named range. … … … … … … [3]

13 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 [Turn over (b) She entered a formula in E7 using the named range and the information in column B to calculate the weekly pay for John Vercoe. Write down the formula she used. This formula should be easy to replicate. = … … [6] You can use the space below for any working you need.

14 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 12 A recent development in backing storage of laptop computers has been the increased use of solid state drives (SSDs). However hard disk drives (HDDs) are still used in many laptops. Evaluate the use of SSDs and HDDs for storing data in laptop computers. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [8]

15 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 13 Encryption can be used to protect data on a hard disk and in emails. Evaluate the need for this encryption. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [8]

16 9626/12/F/M/19 © UCLES 2019 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series. Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge. BLANK PAGE

This document consists of 12 printed pages. © UCLES 2019 [Turn over Cambridge Assessment International Education Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 9626/12 Paper 1 Theory March 2019 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 90 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the March 2019 series for most Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 2 of 12 Generic Marking Principles These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1: Marks must be awarded in line with: • the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question • the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question • the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2: Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3: Marks must be awarded positively: • marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate • marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do • marks are not deducted for errors • marks are not deducted for omissions • answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4: Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5: Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6: Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 3 of 12 Question Answer Marks 1 You can use word processing software to create tables of data 3 You can only use database software to create reports Spreadsheet software is used to produce charts 3 You must always use web authoring software when creating web pages Financial modelling can involve the use of spreadsheet software 3 Video editing software cannot be used to edit a music soundtrack Word processing software can include multimedia features You can only create data forms using database software Photo editing software is only used to edit photos A management information system (MIS) is a form of database management system 3 4

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 4 of 12 Question Answer Marks 2 The digital divide can exist between the educated and uneducated 3 The digital divide can exist between those living in rural areas and those living in urban areas 3 The digital divide does not exist between people from different economic classes Everyone these days owns a smartphone so the divide is closing rapidly Minority groups have no difficulty performing transactions on smartphones thereby reducing the divide Disabilities of potential internet users constitute another type of digital divide 3 Some less developed countries have limited access to digital services 3 Most tribal communities have universal mobile phone coverage in their community The digital divide only refers to those who can and cannot access the internet The price of connection to the internet tends not to vary between countries 4 Question Answer Marks 3 Six from: Max five from: Static information sources/magazines are more carefully checked for accuracy Once the data are created they cannot be changed easily There is a limited amount of information in a static information source/magazine/greater amount of information on the World Wide Web As soon as static data source/magazine is created it is very difficult to have information added to it A dynamic data source/website can have information updated quite quickly The data in a dynamic data source/website is usually up to date/ static data tends to go out of date quickly There can be many contributors to a dynamic data source/website so the information can be inaccurate Must have at least one from: Both sources require the use of sophisticated analysis techniques Both sources will provide a mixture of relevant and irrelevant information. 6

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 5 of 12 Question Answer Marks 4(a) Four from: It operates/controls a device attached to the computer Without the required device driver, the corresponding hardware device fails to work It is an interface between operating systems/applications software and the device Tells the operating system how to communicate with the hardware device Upon installation it detects and identifies the peripheral device Wakes up the device when it is needed and puts it back to sleep when it is not Handles the translation of requests between a device and the computer Defines where outgoing data must be stored before it can be sent At least two examples of device drivers. 4 4(b) Four from: Directly executes instructions of a high-level language program Translates a high-level language program into an intermediate stage Translates each line of source code and then executes that line/statement Reports on errors as lines of source code are entered An interpreter has to be resident in memory in order for the program to run. 4 Question Answer Marks 5 Four from: Proof reading is the careful reading and rereading of a yet to be finally- printed document To detect any errors and mark corrections It is a relatively slow and methodical search for errors Errors such as spelling mistakes, typographical mistakes and grammatical errors (must have at least two) Also checks for omitted words or word endings It may also involve checking of different elements of a layout Checking headings, illustrations and colours Good description of how proof reading is carried out. 4

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 6 of 12 Question Answer Marks 6 Six from: Similarities: Both are types of mobile network Both allow smart phones to access the WWW Both allow video calling on phones Both allow emails to be sent by phone Both allow videos and music to be downloaded to a phone Both allow phones to be used as a SATNAV Differences: 4G has faster download speeds than 3G 4G enables smoother browsing with web pages failing to load, very rare unlike 3G 4G allows videos and music to be streamed without the buffering and freezing found on 3G networks Batteries last longer on 3G than on 4G 3G data allowance tends to be cheaper than 4G Must have at least one of each to gain full marks. 6 Question Answer Marks 7(a) Two from: Transaction file is validated Transaction file must be sorted« «in same order as master file/sorted on Customer_ref_no 2

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 7 of 12 Question Answer Marks 7(b) Six from: First record in the transaction file read« «belonging to 256431 Reads first record in the old master file« «belonging to 256431 These two records are compared If records do not match computer writes master file record to new master file« «next record is read from master file and these two records are compared and process is repeated Records match so transaction is carried out Computer calculates the New_balance, Old_balance + Goods_bought – Payment« «0 + 3800 – 3800 (0) Using Old_balance, 0 from master file Using Goods_bought 3800, Payment made, 3800 from transaction file Processed record is written to new master file Next record is read from transaction file« «belonging to 319852 then compared to next master file record« ... belonging to 319852 This continues until the last record from the transaction file record is read « «belonging to 943201 After processing the last record of the transaction file« «belonging to 943201« «all the remaining old master file records are written to the new master file« «in this case, one record 963584. 6 7(c) Five from e.g.: Use a range check on the Payment field between 2000 and 20000 As customers must make a payment of at least 2000₹ and customers have a credit limit of 20000₹ Have a limit check on the Goods_bought field as they cannot be more than 20000₹« «customers have a credit limit of 20000₹ It is impossible to spend less than 0₹« «so a lower limit to the range is unnecessary A limit check has only one limit but a range check has two – an upper and lower limit There are alternative answers if fully reasoned. 5

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 8 of 12 Question Answer Marks 8 Six from: Server/computer to handle video-conferencing software Laptops/PCs/tablets for each participant to enter data Microphones to input participants’ voices/sound Large screen/monitor so that all the directors can be seen Speakers for participants to hear what the directors are saying Cameras to input pictures of participants Router to connect to internet/codec to connect to telephone network. 6 Question Answer Marks 9 Six from: Health issues arise from long term use of computers Safety issues can result in a sudden accident/can result in serious injury Health issues tend to be RSI/carpal tunnel syndrome, lower back pain, eye strain, headaches, upper back pain, neck pain, shoulder pain (must have at least two) Health issues can be caused by: Max two from: Typing at a keyboard continuously Gripping a mouse and repetitive clicking Sitting in the same position/with wrong posture all day Staring at a computer screen continuously/all day Glare from screen Safety issues tend to be fire hazards, electrocution, personal injury (must have at least two) Safety issues can be caused by: Max two from: Overloading sockets causing overheating Overheating of computers Water spilt on to live wires Handling bare wires, Trailing cables can cause users to trip up Heavy objects falling off tables. 6

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 9 of 12 Question Answer Marks 10 Eight from: Inclusion of all eight fields mentioned in question Must be text boxes or individual character boxes Equipment_name and Manufacturer space bigger than Equipment_code and Hire_price and generally sensible spacing Drop down dates for Date_hired or clear view of calendar Radio buttons for Loyalty_customer (Y/N) Navigation buttons (at least 2) Help button/information on how to complete the form Appropriate title Appropriate white space and information fills the page. 8 Question Answer Marks 11(a) Select G2:K4 1 Click the Name box at the left end of the formula bar 1 Type Roles and press enter 1 Or Select G2:K4 1 On the Formulas tab, in the Defined Names group, click Define Name 1 In the New Name dialog box type Roles and press enter 1 11(b) =D7*HLOOKUP(B7,Roles,3,FALSE) D7* outside the brackets 1 mark HLOOKUP() 1 mark (B7 1 mark ,Roles 1 mark ,3 1 mark FALSE) 1 mark Items must be in correct position to gain a mark. 6

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 10 of 12 Question Answer Marks 12 Eight from: Evaluation based on: Advantages of HDDs/Disadvantages of SSDs: Hard disks tend to have higher storage capacities than SSDs Hard disk drives still cost less per gigabyte than SSDs HDDs last longer than SSDs The NAND flash used in SSDs can only be used for a finite number of writes The choice and availability of SSDs is still limited compared to HDDs Disadvantages of HDDs/Advantages of SSDs: Hard disk drives are more susceptible to shock and damage« «as there are moving parts SSDs have faster data transfer rate SSDs have quicker boot ups SSDs can have almost instantaneous data access HDDs data access speeds is dependent on how close the data is to the read/write heads« All parts of the SSD can be accessed at once SSDs use significantly less power at peak load than hard drives« SSD's energy efficiency can deliver longer battery life in laptops than HDDs With no moving parts SSDs run at near silent operation unlike whirring hard disk drives SSDs weigh considerably less than hard drives SSDs make laptops more portable Must have at least one from each to gain full marks. 8

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 11 of 12 Question Answer Marks 13 Level 3 (7–8 marks) Candidates will describe the advantages and disadvantages of both uses of encryption. The issues raised will be justified. The information will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in a structured and coherent format. Specialist terms will be used accurately and appropriately. Level 2 (4–6 marks) Candidates will describe the advantages and disadvantages of both uses of encryption although development of some of the points will be limited. For the most part the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and coherent format. Specialist terms will be used appropriately and for the most part correctly. Level 1 (1–3 marks) Candidates may only address one use of encryption, and give basic advantages/disadvantages. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance. There will be little or no use of specialist terms. Level 0 (0 marks) Response with no valid content. Candidates may refer to, e.g. Disk encryption: Advantages Files encrypted by one user cannot be opened by another user if they do not possess appropriate permissions After encryption a file remains encrypted regardless of where it is moved Encryption can be used on any files including executable files Users with permission to decrypt a file are able to work with the file without experiencing any restrictions/difficulties Other users receive a restricted access notification when they attempt to access the encrypted file Disadvantages If the password is lost or reset it becomes impossible to gain access to files on the drive If the operating system fails it becomes impossible to gain access to files If the operating system has to be reinstalled it becomes impossible to gain access to files... ...data can be lost irreversibly 8

9626/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED March 2019 © UCLES 2019 Page 12 of 12 Question Answer Marks 13 Email encryption: Advantages As modern technology becomes more sophisticated, so do hackers so sophisticated encryption is essential Passwords on email accounts are not enough Email providers tend not to automatically encrypt email messages nor attachments Without encryption a person/malware could potentially read someone's emails The recipient’s email provider server may not be secured Without encryption, messages can be stored as plain text, making it easy for anyone to read and understand When encrypting emails, the text stored in the message and files are scrambled up both in storage and transit... ...the only way to unscramble and read the content is to use a decryption key Disadvantages Hackers can still intercept and delete emails Encrypting emails to a new recipient using a private key requires the key to be sent which can be intercepted by a hacker Managing digital certificates can become complex and time consuming.