Cambridge IGCSE Twenty-First Century Science 0608 — 2009 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 1

This document consists of 16 printed pages and 4 blank pages. IB09 11_0608_02/RP © UCLES 2009 [Turn over *2460194638* UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education 21ST CENTURY SCIENCE (EXTENDED) 0608/02 Paper 2 Multiple Choice October/November 2009 1 hour Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet. You may use a calculator. www.XtremePapers.com

2 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 1 What does the structure labelled X represent? body cell with desired genes nucleus removed clone X nucleus fused with denucleated cell A bacteria B egg cell C male gamete D zygote 2 Why is it difficult to design a vaccine against HIV? A The virus contains DNA. B The virus is made of protein. C The virus multiplies slowly. D The virus mutates rapidly.

3 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 3 Ten samples of bacteria from a hospital were tested with antibiotic X. The table shows the percentage of the bacteria that were killed in each sample. sample percentage of bacteria killed 1 70 2 63 3 71 4 77 5 85 6 65 7 64 8 75 9 72 10 69 What are the reasons for the differences in percentages? 1 the antibiotic was tested for safety and effectiveness using human cells grown in the laboratory 2 the bacteria in different parts of the hospital vary 3 the method used caused the results to vary slightly 4 the patients in the hospital always complete their course of antibiotic A 1 and 2 B 2 and 3 C 1 and 4 D 3 and 4

4 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 4 The body makes an antibody to recognise a particular microorganism. Which graph shows the production of the antibodies after the body is exposed to the microorganism for a second time? 0 1 2 time / days A 0 1 2 time / days B 0 1 2 time / days C 0 1 2 time / days D 5 The diagram shows a plant cell. Which structure contains genes? D A B C

5 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 6 Rocks which are made in an atmosphere with no oxygen are often dark grey in colour. Rocks which are made in an atmosphere with oxygen are often red in colour. One view of the origin of life on Earth is that the first organisms did not need oxygen to live and that the oxygen in the atmosphere was released by later organisms. Which statements are consistent with this view? young rocks made recently old rocks made when the first organisms lived A dark grey rocks dark grey rocks B dark grey rocks red rocks C red rocks dark grey rocks D red rocks red rocks 7 Which diagram represents human evolution? A hominid hominid hominid human human B hominid hominid extinct human human C human hominid human human human D hominid human human

6 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 8 Which is a feature of evolution by natural selection? variation competition increased chance of survival selective breeding increased number of individuals with certain characteristics in later generations A      B      C      D      9 Which row shows the sex chromosomes in the body cells and in the sex cells in a man? body cells sex cells A XY XY B XY X or Y C XX XX D XX X 10 What is the chance of the second child being a carrier of cystic fibrosis? father (carrier) child 1 child 2 child 3 child 4 mother (carrier) A 25 % B 50 % C 75 % D 100 %

7 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 11 The diagram represents part of a nervous system. Where would effector cells be found? direction of impulses A B C D neurones 12 In deciding if children should be vaccinated against a disease, which should be considered? 1 the chance of getting infected if not vaccinated 2 the chance of serious or irreversible harm occurring if not vaccinated 3 the various degrees of side effects of the vaccine on different individuals A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 1, 2 and 3 D 2 and 3 only 13 The family pedigree tree shows the inheritance of the ability to smell certain flowers called freesias. The allele for the ability to smell freesias is dominant. Which individual must be incorrectly marked? A B C D female able to smell freesias female unable to smell freesias male able to smell freesias male unable to smell freesias key 14 The diagram shows a new species of snail being formed. X Which process is occurring during step X? A mutation B natural selection C reproduction D variation

8 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 15 Which is a harmful chemical produced by mould that can contaminate crops during storage? A aflatoxin in nuts and cereals B antioxidants in barley C gluten in wheat D hydrocyanic acid in uncooked cassava 16 What is needed in the diet of a person working hard in a hot climate? extra water high energy intake protein A    key B    = needed C    = not needed D    17 Which substance contains nitrogen? A amino acids B cellulose C starch D sugar 18 Which pie chart shows the proportion of oxygen in air? A oxygen B oxygen C oxygen D oxygen 19 Propane, C3H8, combusts readily in air. How many molecules of water would be formed from the combustion of one molecule of propane? A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5

9 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 20 The diagram shows a drink of water containing ice cubes ice cube water The density of water is 1.0 g / cm3. Which is a likely value for the density of ice? A 0.5 g / cm3 B 0.9 g / cm3 C 1.0 g / cm3 D 1.2 g / cm3 21 Which diagram shows the monomer used in the manufacture of PVC? C C H H H H A C C Cl H Cl H B C C Cl H H H C C C Cl H H Cl D 22 The diagram shows the nitrogen cycle. Which process is represented by denitrifying bacteria? reservoir of nitrogen in atmopshere (N2) decomposers bacteria/fungi plant matter animal waste ammonia (NH3) ammonium (NH4) nitrites (NO2) + + + nitrates (NO3) – – fixation by nitrogen-fixing bacteria (legume root nodules) fertilisers (NH4)(NO3) – atmospheric fixation(NO3) taken up by plant roots A B C D

10 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 23 The atmospheric pollution caused by power stations which burn fossil fuels can be reduced by 1 fitting a catalytic converter to convert carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide 2 reducing the use of air conditioning to use less electricity 3 removing sulfur from natural gas and fuel oil 4 removing particulates from the gases Which is correct? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4 24 Two molecules of oxygen and one molecule of methane react when methane burns in air. The diagram shows the molecules that react. + + → Which diagram shows the correct arrangement of the atoms after the reaction? + + + A + + B + + C + + + D 25 Which factor is not a key feature of a life cycle assessment for a product? A environmental impact of disposing of the product B environmental impact of using the product C production costs D requirement for energy input

11 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 26 A polymer is modified to increase its melting point. Which polymer shown below would have the highest melting point? A B C D 27 The diagram shows where carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations were measured in a forest, and a graph of the results. noon noon midnight noon noon midnight time gas concentration measured here gas concentration measured here gas concentration measured here carbon dioxide in atmosphere oxygen in atmosphere Which statement correctly explains the shape of the graph? A During the day photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and adds oxygen. B During the day respiration removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and adds oxygen. C During the night photosynthesis adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere and removes oxygen. D During the night respiration removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and adds oxygen.

12 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 28 The diagram shows a Sankey diagram for the production of electricity in a nuclear power station. Which arrow represents the electrical energy produced? energy in fuel D C B A 29 Which shows the forms of radiation in increasing energy per photon? A gamma rays → radio waves → microwaves → infra-red → red light violet → ultraviolet → X-rays B radio waves → microwaves → infra-red → red light violet → ultraviolet → X-rays → gamma rays C radio waves → infra-red → red light violet → microwaves → ultraviolet → X-rays → gamma rays D X-rays → gamma rays → radio waves → microwaves → infra-red → red light violet → ultraviolet 30 In an investigation into atmospheric pollution by a coal fired power station the sulfur dioxide concentration of the air was measured in parts per million (ppm). sample day 1 day 2 day 3 day 4 1 101 113 91 82 2 99 114 99 84 3 91 108 87 84 4 102 116 87 76 5 78 112 95 83 6 110 115 92 82 7 109 109 95 87 8 99 113 90 79 9 103 110 94 88 10 100 117 89 85 One of the measurements was discarded as an error. On which day was this measurement made? A day 1 B day 2 C day 3 D day 4

13 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 31 CT scans use several beams of x-rays. When a patient is being scanned they are exposed to ionising radiation. Which person would be most at risk from receiving an x-ray? A a five year old child B a thirty year old man C a thirty year old pregnant woman D a sixty year old woman 32 In the Atlantic Ocean the sea floor is spreading. By how much is it spreading every year? A 1 cm B 10 cm C 1 m D 10 m 33 The table lists electromagnetic radiation and their approximate range of frequencies. electromagnetic radiation range of frequencies (Hz) gamma rays 1022 to 1019 x-rays 1021 to 1018 ultraviolet 1018 to 1015 visible 1015 to 1014 infra-red 1014 to 1012 microwaves 1012 to 109 radio waves 109 to 103 Which range of frequencies include ionising radiation? A 103 to 109 B 109 to 1012 C 1012 to 1015 D 1015 to 1022

14 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 34 The graph shows the decay curve for a radioactive source. 800 600 400 200 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 count rate per second time / hours What is the half-life of the source? A 2.0 hours B 2.5 hours C 3.0 hours D 3.5 hours 35 The diagram shows the structure of the Earth. Which is the mantle? A B C D

15 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 36 What are the correct descriptions of the motion and size of a comet? motion size A orbits around the Earth larger than the Earth B orbits around the Earth smaller than the Earth C orbits around the Sun larger than the Earth D orbits around the Sun smaller than the Earth 37 The diagram shows a person looking at the light from a galaxy. eye spiral galaxy The light has taken ……1…… years to get to the eye of the person. This is because the galaxy is very ……2…… . Which words correctly complete gaps 1 and 2? 1 2 A ten close B one thousand distant C two million distant D one billion close 38 Wegener suggested the theory of continental drift. This was rejected by the geologists of his time. Which reasons caused Wegener’s theory to be rejected? 1 continents fit together in a geometric pattern 2 matching fossils can be found in different continents 3 mountain chains in separate continents match up 4 Wegener was an outsider in the community of geologists A 1 only B 1, 2 and 4 C 2 and 4 only D 4 only

16 © UCLES 2009 0608/02/O/N/09 39 The graph shows some data on thyroid cancer. 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 key Russian Federation Belarus Ukraine thyroid cancer cases per year year During which year was the number of thyroid cancer cases per year in Belarus three times greater than that in the Ukraine? A 1987 B 1989 C 1991 D 1993 40 In a smoke detector a radioactive material and detector are set up as shown below. radioactive material ionising radiation detector Which material would be suitable as the radioactive material in a smoke detector? half-life type of ionising radiation A a few hours beta B a few hours alpha C tens of years alpha D tens of years gamma

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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2009 question paper for the guidance of teachers 0608 21ST CENTURY SCIENCE 0608/02 Paper 2 (Multiple Choice – Extended), maximum raw mark 40 Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the examination. • CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes. CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2009 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses. www.XtremePapers.com

Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper IGCSE – October/November 2009 0608 02 © UCLES 2009 Question Number Key Question Number Key 1 B 21 D 2 D 22 A 3 B 23 C 4 A 24 A 5 D 25 C 6 C 26 D 7 D 27 A 8 D 28 A 9 B 29 B 10 A 30 A 11 D 31 C 12 C 32 B 13 C 33 D 14 A 34 C 15 A 35 B 16 A 36 D 17 A 37 C 18 C 38 D 19 C 39 C 20 B 40 C