Cambridge IGCSE Physics 0625 — 2023 May/June Paper 5 · Variant 1

1 In this experiment, you will investigate the balancing of a metre ruler. Carry out the following instructions, referring to Fig. 1.1. 50.0 cm metre ruler P Q x y 0 100 90.0 cm bench pivot Fig. 1.1 (a) • Place the metre ruler on the pivot at the 50.0 cm mark with its scale facing upwards. • Place the object Q with its centre on the metre ruler at the 90.0 cm mark. Record the distance y from the centre of Q to the 100.0 cm end of the ruler. y = ................................................... cm [1] (b) • Place a load P of weight P = 2.0 N on the metre ruler. • Adjust the position of P so that the metre ruler is as near as possible to being balanced. (i) Measure, and record in Table 1.1, the distance x from the centre of P to the zero end of the ruler. Record the weight P. [1] (ii) Repeat the steps above, using loads of weight P = 3.0 N, 4.0 N, 5.0 N and 6.0 N. Record all the values of P and x in Table 1.1. Ensure that the position of object Q on the metre ruler does not change. Table 1.1 P / N x / cm [3] (c) Plot a graph of P / N (y-axis) against x / cm (x-axis). Draw the best-fit line. [4] (d) Use the graph to find the value of x required to balance the ruler when P = 3.5 N. Show clearly on the graph how you determined the value of x. x = ................................................... cm [2] [Total: 11]

Mark scheme: 1(a) 10(.0) 1 1(b)(i) P = 2.0 N AND x = (a) in Table 1.1  50. 1 1(b)(ii) P values 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 1 x values all less than 50.0 cm AND increasing 1 all x values given to nearest mm 1 1(c) graph:  axes correctly labelled and right way round 1  suitable scales 1  all plots correct to ½ small square 1  good line judgement, thin, continuous line 1 1(d) method shown clearly on graph 1 value correct to ½ small square 1

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2 In this experiment, you will investigate the cooling of water. Carry out the following instructions, referring to Fig. 2.1. thermometer beaker bench Fig. 2.1 (a) Use the thermometer to measure the room temperature θR. θR = ......................................................... [1] (b) (i) Pour 200 cm3 of hot water into the beaker. Place the thermometer in the hot water in the beaker. Record in Table 2.1 the temperature θ of the hot water at time t = 0. Immediately start the stop-watch. Continue recording the temperature in Table 2.1 at 30 s intervals until you have seven sets of readings. [2] (ii) Complete the column headings in Table 2.1. Table 2.1 t / θ/ 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 [1] (c) (i) Calculate the decrease in temperature Δθ between t = 0 and t = 180 s. Δθ = ......................................................... [1] Δθ (ii) Calculate the average rate of cooling R of the water using the equation R = , Δt where Δt = 180 s. Include the unit. R = ......................................................... [2] (d) A student states that the average rate of cooling of the water decreases as the temperature comes nearer to room temperature. (i) Suggest one change to the experiment that you could make to test the statement. ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (ii) Suggest how to display the results to make it easier to see the trend in the rate of cooling. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (e) Explain briefly why it is good practice to read the thermometer scale at right angles. ................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. [1] [Total: 11]

Mark scheme: 2(a) realistic room temperature 1 2(b)(i) temperatures decreasing 1 all to at least 1 °C 1 2(b)(ii) s, °C 1 2(c)(i)  correct 1 2(c)(ii) R correct to 2 or 3 significant figures 1 unit °C / s 1 2(d)(i) continue taking temperatures / continue for a longer time (until close to room temperature) OR use lower / higher starting temperature (of water) 1 2(d)(ii) plot a graph 1 of temperature against time OR cooling rate against time / temperature 1 2(e) to avoid parallax error owtte 1

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3 In this experiment, you will investigate the refraction of light using a semicircular transparent block. Carry out the following instructions using the separate ray-trace sheet provided. You may refer to Fig. 3.1 and Fig. 3.2 for guidance. eye hole N A C B P Q D L Fig. 3.1 (a) • Draw a line across the ray-trace sheet supplied, approximately in the middle. Label the line PQ. • Place the transparent block, largest face down, with the straight side on the line PQ and the curved side below the line. • Draw round the outline of the block. Label the ends of the straight side of the block A and B. • Remove the block and draw the normal NL through the centre of AB. Continue the normal so that it passes through the curved side of the block. • Label the point C where the normal NL crosses AB. [1] (b) • Draw the line DC at an angle i = 30° to the normal, as shown in Fig. 3.1. • Place the paper on the pin board. • Place two pins, P1 and P2, on line DC at a suitable distance apart for this experiment. • Replace the block and look from the position of the eye shown in Fig. 3.1 to observe the images of P1 and P2 through side AB of the block. Adjust your line of sight until the images of P1 and P2 appear one behind the other. • Place two pins, P3 and P4, between your eye and the block so that P3, P4, and the images of P1 and P2 seen through the block, appear one behind the other. • Label the positions of P1, P2, P3 and P4. • Remove the block and the pins. • Draw a line joining the positions of P3 and P4. Continue the line to AB. • Label E, the end of the line furthest from AB. [3] (c) Measure the acute angle θ between the line NL and the line CE. (An acute angle is less than 90°.) θ = ........................................................° [2] (d) State one precaution that you take to produce an accurate ray trace. ................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. [1] (e) Place the transparent block on the ray-trace sheet in the position shown in Fig. 3.2. N eye A C B P Q D L Fig. 3.2 • Replace pins P1 and P2 on line DC in the same positions used in (b). • Observe the images of P1 and P2 through the curved side of the block. Adjust your line of sight until the images of P1 and P2 appear one behind the other. • Place two pins, P5 and P6, between your eye and the block so that P5, P6, and the images of P1 and P2 seen through the block, appear one behind the other. • Label the positions of P5 and P6. • Remove the block and the pins. • Draw a line joining the positions of P5 and P6. Continue the line to AB. • Label F, the end of the line furthest from AB. [2] (f) Measure the acute angle θ between the line NL and the line CF. (An acute angle is less than 90°.) θ = ....................................................... ° [2] [Total: 11] Tie your ray-trace sheet into this question booklet between pages 8 and 9.

Mark scheme: 3(a) normal at 90° and in centre of AB 1 3(b) i = 30°  2° 1 P1 and P2 at least 5.0 cm apart 1 lines NL, CD and CE neatly drawn in approximately correct positions 1 3(c)  correct to  2° 1  greater than i 1 3(d) any one from:  view bases of pins  place pins (as) far apart (as possible)  ensure pins are vertical  sharp pencil / thin lines / thin pins 1 3(e) line through P5 and P6 drawn in approximately correct position, above AB and to right of normal 1 line meets AB at C  2 mm 1 3(f)  correct to  2° 1  less than i 1

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4 A student investigates the change in resistance of a lamp filament when the current in the lamp is increased. The following apparatus is available: • a power supply • a low-voltage filament lamp • an ammeter • a voltmeter • connecting wires. Other apparatus normally found in a school laboratory is also available. Plan an experiment to investigate the change in resistance of the lamp filament when the current in the lamp is increased. V Resistance R is given by the equation R = , where V is the potential difference (p.d.) across the I lamp and I is the current in the lamp. You are not required to do this investigation. You should: • draw a diagram of the circuit used • explain briefly how to do the investigation, including how to change the current • draw a table, or tables, with column headings, to show how to display your readings (you are not required to enter any readings in the table) • explain how to use your readings to reach a conclusion. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... [7]

Mark scheme: 4 MP1 circuit diagram – power supply, lamp and ammeter in series, voltmeter in suitable position to read V across lamp 1 MP2 measure the current and potential difference 1 MP3 calculate resistance 1 MP4 repeat with at least two other currents / voltages / settings of variable resistor / power supply 1 MP5 a way to change the current/voltage (e.g. adjusting / using variable resistor OR changing voltage of power supply OR adding batteries) 1 MP6 table with columns for potential difference, current and resistance, headed with quantities and appropriate units 1 MP7 plot graph of resistance against current OR compare values of resistance and current in table 1

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