Cambridge IGCSE Enterprise 0454 — 2021 Oct/Nov Paper 1 · Variant 1

DC (NF) 208924/1 © UCLES 2021 [Turn over This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated. * 3 9 3 4 0 8 3 8 1 8 * ENTERPRISE 0454/11 Paper 1 October/November 2021 1 hour 30 minutes You must answer on the question paper. You will need: Insert (enclosed) INSTRUCTIONS ● Answer all questions. ● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. ● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page. ● Write your answer to each question in the space provided. ● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid. ● Do not write on any bar codes. INFORMATION ● The total mark for this paper is 100. ● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ]. ● You should have received a copy of the case study before the examination. A copy of the case study is provided with this question paper as an insert. Cambridge IGCSE™

2 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 Section A Answer all questions. 1 Jack was convinced that he had enterprise capability and he wanted to make as much money as possible. (a) State two objectives an enterprise may have. 1 … … 2 … … [2] (b) Explain the term enterprise capability. … … … … [2] (c) Explain how Jack and/or Enrique used two enterprise skills. Use examples from the case study to support your answer. 1 Enterprise skill … Explanation … … … … 2 Enterprise skill … Explanation … … … … [6] [Total: 10]

3 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 [Turn over 2 The teacher believed that Jack’s enterprise idea would be low risk. (a) State two risks for an enterprise. 1 … … 2 … … [2] (b) Describe one method used in enterprise to identify risks. … … … … [2] (c) Explain two possible rewards that Jack is expecting to gain from his enterprise. 1 … … … … … … 2 … … … … … … [6] [Total: 10]

4 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 3 The teacher said that financial regulations will be a problem for Jack’s enterprise idea. (a) (i) Explain one reason why financial regulations are needed in enterprise. … … … … [2] (ii) Identify two other areas of enterprise covered by regulations, apart from finance. 1 … … 2 … … [2] Enrique’s swap shop enterprise would be a social enterprise. (b) Explain one possible positive benefit to the community of The Swap Shop. Use an example from the case study to support your answer. … … … … … … [3] (c) Explain one way that an enterprise could be unethical. Use an example to support your answer. … … … … … … [3] [Total: 10]

5 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 [Turn over 4 Jack had completed secondary market research, but had not thought about marketing methods for his enterprise. (a) Explain one reason why marketing is helpful to an enterprise. … … … … [2] (b) Explain one marketing communication method suitable for The Swap Shop enterprise. … … … … [2] (c) Explain two methods of market research suitable for The Swap Shop enterprise. 1 … … … … … … 2 … … … … … … [6] [Total: 10]

6 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 5 Enrique suggested they complete an action plan. (a) Define the term action plan. … … … … [2] (b) Explain two ways producing an action plan helped or would have helped your enterprise project. 1 … … … … … … 2 … … … … … … [6] (c) Describe one other non-financial document an enterprise would usually produce. … … … … [2] [Total: 10]

7 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 [Turn over Section B Answer all questions. 6 (a) Jack liked two enterprise ideas. He decided that selling pre-owned books through online marketplaces would be the better idea. Analyse how Jack’s decision may have been affected by each of the following: • increased ownership of smartphones • an increase in the price of new books. [10] … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

8 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 (b) Jack wanted to work alone but was willing to work with Enrique as a partner. Evaluate the benefits and disadvantages to Jack of working in partnership with Enrique. [15] … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

9 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 [Turn over … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [Total: 25]

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11 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 [Turn over 7 Now consider your enterprise project. (a) There are several financial calculations and records used in enterprise which include: • cash flow • break-even • profit. Analyse how two of these calculations or records helped you to make decisions in your enterprise project. [10] … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

12 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 (b) Evaluate the appropriateness of the methods of communication you used with: • one internal stakeholder • one external stakeholder during your enterprise project. You should consider a maximum of two methods of communication, for each stakeholder, in your answer. [15] … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

13 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [Total: 25]

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16 0454/11/O/N/21 © UCLES 2021 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series. Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge. BLANK PAGE

This document consists of 23 printed pages. © UCLES 2021 [Turn over Cambridge IGCSE™ ENTERPRISE 0454/11 Paper 1 October/November 2021 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 100 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2021 series for most Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 2 of 23 Generic Marking Principles These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1: Marks must be awarded in line with: • the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question • the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question • the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2: Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3: Marks must be awarded positively: • marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate • marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do • marks are not deducted for errors • marks are not deducted for omissions • answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4: Rules must be applied consistently, e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 3 of 23 GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5: Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6: Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind. Social Science-Specific Marking Principles (for point-based marking) 1 Components using point-based marking: • Point marking is often used to reward knowledge, understanding and application of skills. We give credit where the candidate’s answer shows relevant knowledge, understanding and application of skills in answering the question. We do not give credit where the answer shows confusion. From this it follows that we: a DO credit answers which are worded differently from the mark scheme if they clearly convey the same meaning (unless the mark scheme requires a specific term) b DO credit alternative answers/examples which are not written in the mark scheme if they are correct c DO credit answers where candidates give more than one correct answer in one prompt/numbered/scaffolded space where extended writing is required rather than list-type answers. For example, questions that require n reasons (e.g. State two reasons …). d DO NOT credit answers simply for using a ‘key term’ unless that is all that is required. (Check for evidence it is understood and not used wrongly.) e DO NOT credit answers which are obviously self-contradicting or trying to cover all possibilities f DO NOT give further credit for what is effectively repetition of a correct point already credited unless the language itself is being tested. This applies equally to ‘mirror statements’ (i.e. polluted/not polluted). g DO NOT require spellings to be correct, unless this is part of the test. However spellings of syllabus terms must allow for clear and unambiguous separation from other syllabus terms with which they may be confused (e.g. Corrasion/Corrosion)

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 4 of 23 2 Presentation of mark scheme: • Slashes (/) or the word ‘or’ separate alternative ways of making the same point. • Semi colons (;) bullet points (•) or figures in brackets (1) separate different points. • Content in the answer column in brackets is for examiner information/context to clarify the marking but is not required to earn the mark (except Accounting syllabuses where they indicate negative numbers). 3 Calculation questions: • The mark scheme will show the steps in the most likely correct method(s), the mark for each step, the correct answer(s) and the mark for each answer • If working/explanation is considered essential for full credit, this will be indicated in the question paper and in the mark scheme. In all other instances, the correct answer to a calculation should be given full credit, even if no supporting working is shown. • Where the candidate uses a valid method which is not covered by the mark scheme, award equivalent marks for reaching equivalent stages. • Where an answer makes use of a candidate’s own incorrect figure from previous working, the ‘own figure rule’ applies: full marks will be given if a correct and complete method is used. Further guidance will be included in the mark scheme where necessary and any exceptions to this general principle will be noted. 4 Annotation: • For point marking, ticks can be used to indicate correct answers and crosses can be used to indicate wrong answers. There is no direct relationship between ticks and marks. Ticks have no defined meaning for levels of response marking. • For levels of response marking, the level awarded should be annotated on the script. • Other annotations will be used by examiners as agreed during standardisation, and the meaning will be understood by all examiners who marked that paper.

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 5 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 1(a) State two objectives an enterprise may have. 1 mark per objective Answers might include: • being ethical/social objectives • legal compliance • sales revenue • growth • survival • break-even • sales maximisation • increase market share • profit. 2 AO1 – 2 1(b) Explain the term enterprise capability. Clear definition or two features [2] Imprecise answer showing one of the key attributes of enterprise capability. [1] The resources and skills needed to be able to operate an enterprise. [2] Or Taking the initiative, to make decisions and take calculated risks. [2] Features worth one mark might include: • risk taking [1] • decision-making [1] • innovating [1] • having a positive attitude. [1] 2 AO1 – 2

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 6 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 1(c) Explain how Jack and/or Enrique used two enterprise skills. Use examples from the case study to support your answer. Each point should be marked as follows: Identification of an enterprise skill [1] Application to example from the case study enterprise [1] Explanation showing how this was used. [+1] Examples could include: • innovation [1] Enrique designed the swap shop [1] which was a new way to encourage recycling [+1] • determination to succeed [1] even when the teacher said his enterprise would not work [1] Jack did not give up [+1] • self-confidence [1] Jack knew that he would win [1] even though the teacher was not as sure [+1] • taking initiative [1] Jack researching straight away [1] so he was ready for the lesson [+1] • team building [1] Jack and Enrique found a way to work together [1] they combined both of their ideas [+1] • time-management [1] Enrique knew there was work to do [1] and started a business plan [+1] • resourcefulness. 6 AO1 – 2 AO2 – 2 AO3 – 2

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 7 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 2(a) State two risks for an enterprise. 1 mark per risk Answers might include risks from any of the following areas: • financial • economic • health and safety/environmental • human resources • production. 2 AO1 – 2 2(b) Describe one method used in enterprise to identify risks. Identification of a method [1] Description showing understanding of the method [+1] Answers may include: • SWOT • PEST • research. Example: SWOT [1] identifies the weaknesses and threats. [+1] 2 AO1 – 2

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 8 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 2(c) Explain two possible rewards that Jack is expecting to gain from his enterprise. Identification of a reward not related to Jack [1] Example from the case study linking reward to Jack [1] Explanation showing understanding of the reward. [+ 1] Answers may include: • gain experience • maximise revenue • achieve profit • be successful/recognition. Examples: Jack wanted to be successful [1] he wanted to win the competition [1] and be the best entrepreneur in the class. [+1] Jack wanted to make lots of profit [1] by selling donated items for cash [+1] and keeping the money. [1] 6 AO1 – 2 AO2 – 2 AO3 – 2

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 9 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 3(a)(i) Explain one reason why financial regulations are needed in enterprise. Identification of a reason [1] Explanation showing understanding of the reason. [+ 1] Examples: • financial institutions/people more willing to lend money [1] if they know the law will ensure they are repaid. [+1] • customers more willing to borrow [1] if they know they will be charged a fair amount. [+1] • protect stakeholders [1] from losing their money. [+1] 2 AO1 3(a)(ii) Identify two other areas of enterprise covered by regulations, apart from finance. 1 mark per point. Answers might include: • employment • production • marketing • selling. 2 AO1 – 2

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 10 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 3(b) Explain one possible positive benefit to the community of The Swap Shop. Use an example from the case study to support your answer. Identification of a positive benefit/impact on the community [1] Example from enterprise [1] Detailed explanation showing the effect on the community of the enterprise. [+1] Answers might include: • supporting community activities • giving money to charity • reducing pollution • raises community incomes. Example: • Improves (student’s) quality of life [1] by giving students access to items [+1] they cannot afford to buy new. [1] • Reduces pollution [1] items are transferred to new owners [+1] rather than being put into the bin [1] • Raises community incomes [1] by providing an opportunity to sell items [+1] that would normally be thrown away. [1] 3 AO1 – 1 AO2 – 1 AO3 – 1

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 11 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 3(c) Explain one way that an enterprise could be unethical. Use an example to support your answer. Identification of unethical behaviour [1] Example from an enterprise [1] Detailed explanation showing how the enterprise could be unethical. [+1] Answers might include: • not paying fair wages • not providing appropriate care for the employees • providing incomplete information in adverts • not paying people for the items that they sell. Example: Jack was taking items from people to sell for profit [2] he was not intending to share the profit with people. [1] 3 AO1 – 1 AO2 – 1 AO3 – 1

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 12 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 4(a) Explain one reason why marketing is helpful to an enterprise. Identification of reason [1] Explanation showing understanding. [+1] Answers might include: • increases customer awareness • maintains brand loyalty • increases sales/market share. Example: Marketing tells potential customers the enterprise exists [1] which may persuade them to visit. [1] 2 AO1 – 2 4(b) Explain one marketing communication method suitable for The Swap Shop enterprise. Identification of an appropriate communication method [1] Explanation of method in this context. [+1] Answers might include: • school magazine advert • posters/flyers/noticeboards • word of mouth • social media/ intranet. Example: Posters around the school [1] can be used to inform students where the Swap Shop will be. [+1] 2 AO2 – 2

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 13 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 4(c) Explain two methods of market research suitable for The Swap Shop enterprise. Each method should be marked as follows: Identification of a method of research [1] Identification of a method of research suitable for this small enterprise in the case study [2] Explanation showing why the method is suitable for the case study enterprise. [+1] Suitable methods might include: • primary research [1] • secondary research [1] • focus group [2] • interviews [2] • questionnaire or survey [2] • evidence of previous enterprise experiences [2] • secondary data concerning online shopping or swap shops. [2] Example: Jack and Enrique could produce a questionnaire [2] as the students will be the customers for the event. [+ 1] 6 AO1 – 2 AO2 – 2 AO3 – 2

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 14 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 5(a) Define the term action plan. Clear definition [2] Imprecise answer showing a key attribute of an action plan. [1] Answers might include: A list of tasks that need to be completed in order for a set goal to be achieved. [2] A step-by-step framework of individual tasks to achieve a project. [2] A way of organising tasks to be done. [1] Identifies key stages in a project. [1] 2 AO1 – 2 5(b) Explain two ways producing an action plan helped or would have helped your enterprise project. Identification of a reason for producing an action plan [1] Example from own enterprise experience [1] Explanation showing understanding of how an action plan assists. [+1] Answers might include: • acts as a checklist • ensures actions completed at the right time • helps identify potential problems/obstacles • keeps track of who is responsible for each task • helps avoid delays. Example: The action plan acted as a checklist [1] so we knew when we needed to order the ingredients for the cakes [1] to have stock in time for the bake sale. [+1] 6 AO1 – 2 AO2 – 2 AO3 – 2

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 15 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 5(c) Describe one other non-financial document an enterprise would usually produce. Identification of a document [1] Explanation showing understanding of its purpose. [+1] Answers might include: • Business plan • Agenda • Minutes of meeting • Notice of meeting. 2 AO1 – 2

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 16 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 6(a) Jack liked two enterprise ideas. He decided that selling pre-owned books through online marketplaces would be the better idea. Analyse how Jack’s decision may have been affected by each of the following: • increased ownership of smartphones • an increase in the price of new books. Level Description Mark 3 Good analysis consistently applied to the case study Demonstrates good knowledge of concepts 8–10 2 Some analysis supported by good application to the case study Demonstrates knowledge of concepts 4–7 1 Limited application to the case study Demonstrates knowledge of concepts 1–3 0 No creditable response 0 Knowledge may include: • smartphones allow owners to surf the internet, purchase online • new books are an alternative to second-hand books. Phrases which demonstrate some analysis may include: An increase in the price of new books may increase the number of customers for Jack’s second-hand book enterprise. 10 The grade descriptions describe performance at the top of the band.

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 17 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 6(a) Phrases which demonstrate good analysis will show the effect on Jack’s decision. These may include: An increase in the price of new books may increase the number of customers for Jack’s second-hand book enterprise thus improving the likely success/revenue. Therefore, this helped him to choose this enterprise idea. [8]

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 18 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 6(b) Jack wanted to work alone but was willing to work with Enrique as a partner. Evaluate the benefits and disadvantages to Jack of working in partnership with Enrique. Level Description Mark 4 Clear reasoned evaluation is present Good analysis applied consistently to the case study Demonstrates good knowledge of relevant concepts 12–15 3 Good analysis applied consistently to the case study is leading to evaluation Demonstrates knowledge of relevant concepts 8–11 2 Some application to the case study supported by some analysis Demonstrates knowledge of relevant concepts 4–7 1 Limited application to the case study Demonstrates some knowledge of relevant concepts 1–3 0 No creditable response 0 Knowledge could include: • benefits and costs/disadvantages of being a sole trader or partnership. Phrases which demonstrate some analysis will explain how the benefit could apply to Jack and Enrique and may include: • Jack will gain from Enrique’s planning/ organisational skills • Jack would be able to combine both his idea of second books and Enrique’s ideas for the swap shop • The two partners could split the tasks of market research and keeping financial records between them. 15 The grade descriptions describe performance at the top of the band.

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 19 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 6(b) Phrases which demonstrate good analysis will show the impact on the enterprise or partners and may include: • Jack will gain from Enrique’s planning/ organisational skills which will help the new enterprise to be set up quickly and help to improve its likely success. • The two partners could split the tasks of market research and keeping financial records between them. They are more likely to finish the work in time for the competition start in two weeks. Evaluation is shown by a two-sided approach considering the benefits and disadvantages of this partnership.

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 20 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 7(a) Now consider your enterprise project. There are several financial calculations and records used in enterprise which include: • cash flow • break-even • profit. Analyse how two of these calculations or records helped you to make decisions in your enterprise project. Level Description Mark 3 Good analysis consistently applied to their own enterprise experience Demonstrates good knowledge of concepts 8–10 2 Some analysis supported by good application to their own enterprise experience Demonstrates knowledge of concepts 4–7 1 Limited application to their own enterprise experience Demonstrates knowledge of concepts 1–3 0 No creditable response 0 Knowledge may include: • cashflow – movements of money in to and out of an enterprise • break-even – when income from sales covers all costs in the enterprise • profit – when total income is greater than total expenditure. 10 The grade descriptions describe performance at the top of the band.

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 21 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 7(a) Phrases which demonstrate some analysis will show the purpose of the calculation and may include: • cashflow can be used to predict what might happen in the future • break-even is used to identify the minimum output required and to model ‘what if’ situations • profit is used to prove the enterprise is a success and to reinvest for the future. Phrases which demonstrate good analysis will show how the calculations assisted the enterprise. These may include: • calculating break-even in advance allowed us to compare the cupcake and celebration card ideas. This helped us to see that cupcakes would be the better enterprise idea as we were more likely to break-even by the end of the project • cashflow can be used to predict what might happen in the future for our cupcake enterprise. It helped us to set budgets and targets for the enterprise • profit was used to prove the enterprise was a success and to pay each member of the cupcake enterprise some dividend at the end.

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 22 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 7(b) Evaluate the appropriateness of the methods of communication you used with: • one internal stakeholder • one external stakeholder during your enterprise project. You should consider a maximum of two methods of communication, for each stakeholder, in your answer. Level Description Mark 4 Clear reasoned evaluation is present Good analysis applied consistently to their enterprise Demonstrates good knowledge of relevant concepts 12–15 3 Good analysis applied consistently to their enterprise is leading to evaluation Demonstrates knowledge of relevant concepts 8–11 2 Some application to their enterprise supported by some analysis Demonstrates knowledge of relevant concepts 4–7 1 Limited application to their enterprise Demonstrates some knowledge of relevant concepts 1–3 0 No creditable response 0 Knowledge may include: • internal and external stakeholders • methods of communication. 15 The grade descriptions describe performance at the top of the band.

0454/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED October/November 2021 © UCLES 2021 Page 23 of 23 Question Answer Marks Guidance 7(b) Phrases which demonstrate some analysis will show how appropriate methods of communication were used with the stakeholder in their enterprise, for example: • the co-owners used meetings • with suppliers we used emails to order the stock. Phrases which demonstrate good analysis will show why the method was/was not suitable in their situation. For example: • the co-owners used face to face communication/ meetings at school which meant we could give lots of detail in a short space of time • because we have been friends for a long time we did not show respect for each other in the meeting (they were informal) so we shouted over each other and did not share the information effectively. Evaluation maybe shown by a two- sided approach considering the negative aspects of each method of communication.