Cambridge A Level English General Paper 8021 — 2022 May/June Paper 2 · Variant 3

1 (a) Considering only the advantages, explain which one of the options you think Stenning council should choose. You should not refer to the other options. Answer in continuous prose. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [10] (b) Explain four disadvantages of the option you think Stenning council would be most likely to reject. You should not refer to the other options. disadvantage 1 ................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... disadvantage 2 ................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... disadvantage 3 ................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... disadvantage 4 ................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [8] (c) Identify the one piece of Additional Information least useful in helping you make your decisions in questions (a) and (b). ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) In your opinion, suggest why (i) elderly people are less likely to use the internet ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [3] (ii) people are turning more to electronic books. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [3] [Total: 25]

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) Considering only the advantages, explain which one of the options you 10 think Stenning council should choose. You should not refer to the other options. Answer in continuous prose. Credit any of the following points or any other valid points. Option A Special school currently has poor internet connection and this option mean will then have access to the high-tech classroom in the library which will enhance their learning Special school has limited space in its current site and this site is bigger so there will be more space There is a big garden so will address parental concerns about no outdoor space at current special school There is a waiting list for special school places so being able to expand in a bigger site would please parents There were protests when the old library closed so should be public support for it The high-tech library classroom could deliver technology courses which would be useful for the local elderly population who have limited knowledge and low use of internet The local unemployed could make use of the internet and there is a higher than national average unemployed in Stenning and Stenning has been left behind in the technology stakes Everyone in the town can benefit from the library Option B It provides a space for teenagers to go in the evening and reduce the risk of vandalism/anti-social behaviour in the town at night Subsidized lunches may be cheaper than cafes and restaurants in town so this may benefit elderly as they may have less money There is a large proportion of elderly people in town and many of them are on their own so this would be a place to meet people and have company It would be in use in town all week – day and evening and weekends so could be cost-effective good value for money In the past local youth services have successfully organised courses and events for teenagers to engage them in their community so there is a track record of success/expertise in the area Option C The long train commute could be avoided for some people, as they could be employed in town May reduce congestion if people are working in town and not commuting to nearby towns Large number of local people work in/have expertise in creative and technology industries so they may be attracted to start-up businesses/ want to start their own business. New local businesses might provide local young people with work and improve involvement in local area/reduce crime Business rents could be collected in the long run, giving funding to the council 1(a) This is a way to capitalise on the recent growth in creative and technological industries that Stenning has missed out on previously so decreasing the local unemployment rates Levels Mark(s) Descriptors 4 9–10  Capacity to interpret evidence and sustained ability to present relevant arguments, analysis and exemplification maintaining a strong focus on the main issues in the question.  Comprehensive approach demonstrating ability to identify and select relevant information, data, concepts and opinions and maintain a strong focus on the key issues.  Shows the ability to communicate clearly and accurately in a fluent and organised manner. 3 6–8  Moderate range of arguments, analysis and exemplification covering some of the main issues in the question.  Demonstrating some grasp of the nature of key issues but with a restricted range or a loss of focus leading to the inclusion of some irrelevant material.  Shows the ability to communicate clearly and accurately in a fluent and organised manner. 2 3–5  Limited analysis shown in a response consisting of mainly undeveloped material.  A modest range of selected points, perhaps some of which are irrelevant or incorrect.  Ability to convey meaning but with limited powers of expression with some errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar which impede the flow and hinder communication. 1 1–2  Some simple, mainly unexplained or undeveloped points or perhaps a very narrow range – with little interpretation or analysis and little development or exemplification.  Limited range, dubious choice showing restricted appreciation of key issues.  Ability to convey meaning but with limited powers of expression with some errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar which impede the flow and hinder communication. 0 0  A mark of zero should be awarded for no creditable content. 1(b) Explain four disadvantages of the option you think Stenning council 8 would be most likely to reject. You should not refer to the other options. Credit any of the following points or any other valid points. Option A Hi-tech equipment will need protecting so may incur extra costs Nationally, libraries are reducing in importance as people are turning to electronic books so this may not be needed Book lending, prior to the former library closing, was reducing so would the library be well used? It will cost the council money to run and not generate income Option B Stenning’s high street consists of a range of shops and services including 8 coffee shops and restaurants and a large number of hair and beauty salons, so the proposed businesses will not necessarily have a big enough customer base (DEMAND/NOT NEEDED) Stenning’s high street consists of a range of shops and services including 8 coffee shops and restaurants and a large number of hair and beauty salons so proposed businesses may not make enough profit Stenning’s high street consists of a range of shops and services including 8 coffee shops and restaurants so the new meal services in the community centre may provide competition (as they are subsidised and cheaper) Local youth have a bad reputation (graffiti, anti-social behaviour etc.) so no guarantee they will engage with the youth service Option C It might affect a limited range of people – the benefits would only be felt by the business community /Large proportion of the population is over 60 and this would be of no use to them Other towns/capital already up and running, there could be too much competition Not a quick fix solution – no guarantee businesses will move in Influx of workers may make existing congestion problems worse. 1(c) Identify the one piece of Additional Information least useful in helping 1 you make your decisions in questions (a) and (b). Point 18, about beautiful countryside 1(d)(i) In your opinion, suggest why elderly people are less likely to use the 3 internet. Credit any of the following points or any other valid points. they may perceive it to be complicated/not used to it (1) set in their ways/not willing to change (1) have less patience (to sit and work it out) (1) not grown up with it/not grown up in the digital age (1) rely on telephone rather than computer (1) prefer to do other activities e.g., walking, reading newspaper/ don’t need it like young (1) used to/prefer more face-to-face interactions (1) may not be able to afford to pay for it (1) may not be interested in it/its content (1) guidance 111, 21, 12 1(d)(ii) In our opinion suggest why people are turning more to electronic 3 books Credit any of the following points or any other valid points. An electronic book is easier to move around/less bulky e.g., to take on holiday (1) You can read on your phone/device (1) They are up to date/trendy/show that you move with the times (1) An electronic book is more user-friendly (1) as you can instantly change/at the touch of a button you can change the font and size of the text if you need it enlarged/adjust light settings (1) You do not need to go to the library/ book shop to buy an electronic book/access them from anywhere (1) Electronic books also offer the option of highlighting words in the text you do not understand (1), facilitating the online dictionary to instantly explain their meaning (1) It is cheaper to buy electronic books/there are free electronic books (1) Electronic books allow you the reader to access non-mainstream/self- published titles (1)

2 (a) Explain why the author’s lifestyle as a child was good for his well-being. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] (b) Identify the three ways in which Italians have changed their eating habits from the traditional Mediterranean diet. Answer using your own words as far as possible. 1 ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... 2 ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... 3 ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... [3] (c) Explain the contradiction mentioned in lines 15 to 22. Answer in about 40 words. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [4] (d) According to the material, explain what governments can do to achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Answer using your own words as far as possible. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [4] (e) Identify evidence in the material to suggest that this Italian company works well with its farmers. Answer in about 30 words. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] (f) Identify the exact words or phrases that mean the following (lines 23–45): (i) fundamental change in approach ................................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) nourishment ................................................................................................................................ [1] (iii) laws ................................................................................................................................ [1] (iv) inflicting punishment. ................................................................................................................................ [1]

Mark scheme: 2(a) Explain why the author’s lifestyle as a child was good for his well- 3 being. Credit any of the following points. Meals were a social affair/eating with other people; (1) Food was simple/not difficult to prepare (1) food was healthy/he ate fresh fruit and vegetables/and a small amount of meat/meat was a treat (1) he did lots of exercise/played lots of sport (1) 2(b) Identify three ways in which Italians have changed the way they eat 3 from the traditional Mediterranean diet. Answer using your own words as far as possible. they/Italians are eating greasier food They are eating greater amounts a smaller number of people/Italians love dining in the company of relatives 2(c) Explain the contradiction mentioned in lines 15 to 22. 4 Answer in about 40 words. Example of response: Italians should have a healthy/Mediterranean diet (1) but they are neglecting it (1) Despite past global reductions in starvation (1), there are many people starving in the poor/south (1) simultaneously, the rich/north is overweight (1) and wastes lots of food (1). Any relevant content above 40 words should not be considered as part of the answer. 2(d) According to the material, explain what governments can do to 4 achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Answer using your own words as far as possible. The authorities should give (farmers) money (1) to encourage farming in an environmentally friendly way (1) cut down drastically the food thrown away (1) and solves issues around people eating better food (1) putting a tax on harmful food (1) a better approach is (1) To create an easy way to get good quality food/fruit and vegetables (1) (that are) less expensive for customers (1) and give farmers a good income (1) 2(e) Identify evidence in the material to suggest that this Italian company 3 works well with its farmers. Answer in around 30 words. They work together using long standing knowledge of crop rotation (1) They use modern tools to track the weather (1) Farmers are more efficient with fertilizers, reduce costs and grow better wheat (1) Any relevant content above 30 words should not be considered as part of the answer. 2(f)(i) Identify the exact words or phrases that mean the following (lines 23– 1 45): fundamental change in approach paradigm shift (line 27) 2(f)(ii) nourishment 1 On this occasion allow one of the following. nutritious food (line 27)/nutrition (line 29)/healthy food (line 34) 2(f)(iii) laws 1 legislation (line 36) 2(f)(iv) inflicting punishment. 1 punitive (line 44) 2(g)(i) 1 State the meaning of the following two words as used in the material. You may write your answer in a short word or phrase. designation selection/nomination/recognition/classification. 2(g)(ii) to embrace. 1 (to) include/(to) accept/(to) promote/(to) take on/(to) be open to (to) accept/welcome with open arms (to) fully support/fully accept (to) positively accept 2(h) In your opinion, suggest two ways people can act more sustainably in 2 addition to changing their diet. Credit any of the following points or any other valid points. install solar panels (1) use fewer plastic bags/containers/go plastic free (1) b uy second hand clothes/cars etc (1) drive an electric car (1) use only public transport (1) any other relevant point 2  1